CN110761866B - Method and system for evaluating valve clearance adjustment period - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating valve clearance adjustment period Download PDFInfo
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- CN110761866B CN110761866B CN201911352191.7A CN201911352191A CN110761866B CN 110761866 B CN110761866 B CN 110761866B CN 201911352191 A CN201911352191 A CN 201911352191A CN 110761866 B CN110761866 B CN 110761866B
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- valve clearance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a method and a system for evaluating a valve clearance adjustment period. According to the method for evaluating the valve clearance adjustment period, the change rule of the valve clearance is obtained by constructing the change model of the valve clearance, the adjustment period can be determined according to the rule, the valve clearance is adjusted according to the adjustment period, the valve clearance is periodically adjusted, the engine can always keep a good running state, and the running performance of the engine is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a method and a system for evaluating a valve clearance adjustment period.
Background
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure only and is not necessarily prior art.
The valve is used for specially inputting air into the engine and discharging combusted waste gas. From the engine structure, the engine is divided into an intake valve and an exhaust valve. The intake valve is used for sucking air into the engine to be mixed with fuel for combustion; the exhaust valve is used for discharging combusted waste gas and dissipating heat.
When the engine is working, the valve will expand due to the temperature increase. If there is no gap or too small gap between the valve and its driving part in cold state, the valve is not closed tightly because of the thermal expansion of the valve and its driving part in hot state, resulting in air leakage in compression stroke and working stroke of the engine, and thus the power is reduced, and even the engine is not easy to start in serious condition. In order to eliminate this phenomenon, a certain clearance is usually left in the valve and its transmission mechanism during cold assembly of the engine to compensate for the expansion amount of the valve after heating, and this clearance is called valve clearance.
Along with the motion of the engine, the valve clearance is increased due to the fact that the valve actuating mechanism is worn, the clearance is too large, collision is easily generated between transmission parts and between a valve and a valve seat, meanwhile, the duration time of opening the valve is shortened, the performance state of the engine can be directly influenced due to insufficient air intake and exhaust, the valve clearance needs to be adjusted, the adjustment of the valve clearance in the prior art does not have fixed time, the adjustment can be performed when the performance of the engine is influenced, and the operation of the engine is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to at least solve the problem that the lack of fixed time for the adjustment of the valve play leads to a compromise in engine performance. The purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the invention proposes a method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period, comprising:
determining the variation range of the valve clearance;
constructing a change model of the valve clearance according to the change range;
acquiring a current valve clearance of an engine;
adjusting the valve clearance according to the valve clearance not meeting the variation range;
and determining the adjustment period of the valve clearance according to the change model.
According to the method for evaluating the valve clearance adjustment period, the change range of the valve clearance is determined through experiments, the change model of the valve clearance is constructed on the basis of the change range, the change model is the change rule of the engine in the operation process, the current valve clearance of the engine is obtained, when the current valve clearance meets the change range, adjustment is not needed, the engine is in a normal operation state, when the current valve clearance does not meet the change range, adjustment is needed, the engine is in an abnormal operation state, the problems of valve ablation, valve wear and the like are avoided, the adjustment period for adjusting the valve clearance is determined according to the change rule of the valve clearance, namely, the valve clearance is periodically adjusted, so that the engine always keeps a good operation state, and the performance of the engine is improved.
In addition, the method for evaluating the valve clearance adjustment period according to the embodiment of the invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the determining the range of variation of the valve clearance comprises:
determining a minimum valve clearance;
determining a maximum valve clearance;
and determining the variation range according to the minimum valve clearance and the maximum valve clearance.
In some embodiments of the invention, prior to said determining the minimum valve clearance, further comprising:
controlling the engine to normally run;
acquiring the change rule of the stress of the push rod and the lift of the tappet;
the determining the minimum valve clearance includes:
determining a hot valve clearance and a cold valve clearance of the engine according to the stress of the push rod and the change rule of the tappet lift;
and determining the minimum valve clearance according to the thermal valve clearance and the cold valve clearance.
In some embodiments of the invention, prior to said determining the maximum valve clearance, further comprising:
controlling the valve, the push rod and the tappet of the engine to fly off;
the determining the maximum valve clearance includes:
and determining the maximum valve clearance according to the valve, the push rod and the tappet flying off.
In some embodiments of the invention, in said determining said minimum valve clearance based on said hot valve clearance and said cold valve clearance, said at least one of:
determining the minimum valve clearance by the formula rmin = r1-r 2;
where rmin is the minimum valve clearance, r1 is the cold valve clearance, and r2 is the hot valve clearance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, before the constructing the variation model of the valve clearance according to the variation range, further includes:
performing an engine bench test to obtain a plurality of measuring points;
determining an acceleration coefficient;
converting the experimental valve clearance variation into an actual valve clearance variation according to a formula L = K L1;
where K is the acceleration coefficient, L1 is the experimental valve clearance variation, and L is the actual valve clearance variation.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the constructing the variation model of the valve clearance according to the variation range includes:
constructing a coordinate system according to the actual valve clearance variation;
and constructing a change model of the actual valve clearance variation according to the coordinate system and the measuring points.
In some embodiments of the invention, said determining a valve lash adjustment period from said variation model comprises:
determining the current valve clearance and the corresponding change time according to the change model;
and determining the valve clearance adjusting period according to the change time.
In some embodiments of the invention, in said determining an adjustment period of valve clearance based on said variation model:
determining the valve clearance adjustment period by a formula T = T1/s;
wherein T is the valve clearance adjustment period, T1 is the change time, and S is the safety factor.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides a system for evaluating a valve clearance adjustment period, comprising:
a first determination module to determine a range of variation of a valve lash;
a construction module for constructing a variation model of the valve clearance;
the system comprises an acquisition module, a control module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring the current valve clearance of an engine;
an adjustment module to adjust the valve lash;
a second determination module to determine an adjustment period of the valve lash.
According to the system for evaluating the valve clearance adjusting period, which is provided by the invention, the adjusting period of the valve clearance is determined, so that the engine is always kept in a good running state, and the performance of the engine is improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the process for determining the range of variation of the valve lash shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the process for determining minimum valve lash shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the process of constructing the variation model of the valve clearance according to the variation range shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of FIG. 1 illustrating the determination of a valve lash adjustment period based on the variation model;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the variation of the tappet lift and the tappet lift in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention based on the comparison of the camshaft rotation angles;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at A in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a map of a modified valve lash model constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of a system for evaluating a valve control period according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For convenience of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner", "outer", "lower", "below", "upper", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" can include both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
1-8, a method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period according to one embodiment of the present invention includes:
determining the variation range of the valve clearance;
constructing a change model of the valve clearance according to the change range;
acquiring a current valve clearance of an engine;
adjusting the valve clearance according to the valve clearance which does not meet the variation range;
and determining the adjustment period of the valve clearance according to the change model.
According to the method for evaluating the valve clearance adjustment period, the change range of the valve clearance is determined through experiments, the change model of the valve clearance is constructed on the basis of the change range, the change model is the change rule of the engine in the operation process, the current valve clearance of the engine is obtained, when the current valve clearance meets the change range, adjustment is not needed, the engine is in a normal operation state, when the current valve clearance does not meet the change range, adjustment is needed, the engine is in an abnormal operation state, the problems of valve ablation, valve wear and the like are avoided, the adjustment period for adjusting the valve clearance is determined according to the change rule of the valve clearance, namely, the valve clearance is periodically adjusted, so that the engine always keeps a good operation state, and the performance of the engine is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, when the current valve clearance of the engine satisfies the variation range, no adjustment is needed, and when the current valve clearance of the engine does not satisfy the variation range, it is needed to adjust the current valve clearance, so that the variation range needs to be determined, and the variation range has two end values, one end value is the minimum valve clearance, the other end value is the maximum valve clearance, and the variation range of the valve clearance is from the minimum valve clearance to the maximum valve clearance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, to determine the minimum valve clearance of the engine, it is required to obtain the cold valve clearance and the hot valve clearance of the engine, to obtain the accurate cold valve clearance and the accurate hot valve clearance, it is required to ensure that the engine is in a normal operating state, and obtain the change rule of the push rod stress and the lifter lift, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the change rule of the push rod stress and the lifter lift can be measured through experiments, fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of fig. 6, after obtaining the change rule, it can be determined that the corner of the camshaft when the lifter lift starts to change is w1, the corner of the camshaft when the push rod starts to stress is w2, the lifter lift when w1 is 0, the lifter lift when w2 is r1, r1 is the hot valve clearance, the cold valve clearance of the engine can be directly obtained through a bench experiment, the cold valve clearance is r2, and the cold valve clearance is larger than the hot valve clearance to compensate for thermal expansion, the minimum valve clearance is determined by the formula rmin = r1-r2, rmin being the minimum valve clearance, r1 being the cold valve clearance, r2 being the hot valve clearance.
The measuring of the change rule of the push rod stress and the tappet lift can be realized through a thermocouple and a strain gauge, the strain gauge is fixed on a push rod or a rocker arm of an engine, and the change rule of the lift and the stress can be obtained through strain testing of other components in the valve actuating mechanism.
In some embodiments of the invention, after the minimum valve clearance is determined, the variation range of the valve clearance can be obtained only by determining the maximum valve clearance, and the valve, the push rod and the tappet of the engine can be adjusted by manual work before a step experiment to ensure that the valve, the push rod and the tappet of the engine fly off, and at the moment, the push rod is at the position to be stressed but the stress is 0, and the current valve clearance can be directly measured by manual work, namely the maximum valve clearance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after the minimum valve clearance and the maximum valve clearance are determined, the variation range of the valve clearance is determined, a variation model of the valve clearance of the engine is constructed by performing data fitting on the variation of the valve clearance with time during the operation of the engine to obtain a variation law of the valve clearance, and finally a required adjustment period is determined by the variation law, specifically, an experiment is performed before the variation model is constructed to obtain the valve clearance at different time points, the variation of the valve clearance at any time point can be predicted by constructing a mathematical variation model of the valve clearance at different time points, since the service life of the engine is longer than 1000 hours, the experiment period is longer according to the actual service life, an acceleration coefficient is set, and the experimental valve clearance variation is converted into the actual valve clearance variation by a formula L = K L1, wherein, K is the acceleration factor, L1 is the experiment valve clearance variation, and L is the actual valve clearance variation that uses, compares and carries out user's endurance test, has shortened development cycle and experimental period, can carry out the prediction of the valve clearance of a certain moment fast and the definite of adjustment cycle.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, after obtaining a plurality of measurement points through a bench test, the number of the measurement points is at least 10, a coordinate system is established with an abscissa as time and an ordinate as a clearance variation, the plurality of measurement points are marked in the coordinate system, and data fitting is performed on the measurement points to construct a closest mathematical model, as shown in fig. 8, the change model conforms to a linear model or a logarithmic model, and the valve clearance is linearly increased with time, so that the valve clearance variation can be predicted.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, two ends of a variation model are respectively a minimum valve clearance and a maximum valve clearance, a valve clearance variation and a corresponding time are arbitrarily selected from the variation model, an adjustment period is determined according to the corresponding time, different engines have different loads, for different variation speeds of the valve clearance, a safety factor is set for this situation, and a valve clearance adjustment period is determined by a formula T = T1/S, where T is the valve clearance adjustment period, T1 is the variation time, and S is the safety factor, and by setting the safety factor, a time point at which the valve clearance should be adjusted is advanced, it is ensured that the valve clearance of the engines with different loads is always within the valve clearance variation range, so that the engine is always in a normal operating state, and the safety factor S is greater than 1, in one embodiment, s = 1.2.
As shown in fig. 9, a system for evaluating a valve control period according to another embodiment of the present invention includes:
a first determination module for determining a variation range of a valve clearance;
the building module is used for building a change model of the valve clearance;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the current valve clearance of the engine;
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the valve clearance;
a second determination module determines an adjustment period for a valve lash.
According to the system for evaluating the valve clearance adjusting period, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the adjusting period of the valve clearance is determined, so that the engine is always kept in a good running state, and the performance of the engine is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period, comprising:
determining the variation range of the valve clearance;
performing an engine bench test to obtain a plurality of measuring points;
determining an acceleration coefficient;
converting the experimental valve clearance variation into an actual valve clearance variation according to a formula L = K L1;
wherein K is an acceleration coefficient, L1 is an experimental valve clearance variation, and L is an actual valve clearance variation;
constructing a variation model of the valve clearance according to the variation range, wherein the constructing of the variation model of the valve clearance according to the variation range comprises the following steps: constructing a coordinate system according to the actual valve clearance variation;
constructing a change model of the actual valve clearance variation according to the coordinate system and the measuring points;
acquiring a current valve clearance of an engine;
adjusting the valve clearance according to the valve clearance not meeting the variation range;
and determining the adjustment period of the valve clearance according to the change model.
2. The method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment cycle according to claim 1, the determining a variation range of the valve lash including:
determining a minimum valve clearance;
determining a maximum valve clearance;
and determining the variation range according to the minimum valve clearance and the maximum valve clearance.
3. The method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment cycle of claim 2, further comprising, prior to said determining a minimum valve lash:
controlling the engine to normally run;
acquiring the change rule of the stress of the push rod and the lift of the tappet;
the determining the minimum valve clearance includes:
determining a hot valve clearance and a cold valve clearance of the engine according to the stress of the push rod and the change rule of the tappet lift;
and determining the minimum valve clearance according to the thermal valve clearance and the cold valve clearance.
4. The method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment cycle of claim 2, further comprising, prior to said determining a maximum valve lash:
controlling the valve, the push rod and the tappet of the engine to fly off;
the determining the maximum valve clearance includes:
and determining the maximum valve clearance according to the valve, the push rod and the tappet flying off.
5. The method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period according to claim 3, wherein in said determining the minimum valve lash from the hot valve lash and the cold valve lash:
determining the minimum valve clearance by the formula rmin = r1-r 2;
where rmin is the minimum valve clearance, r1 is the cold valve clearance, and r2 is the hot valve clearance.
6. The method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period of claim 1, wherein the determining a valve lash adjustment period from the variation model comprises:
determining the current valve clearance and the corresponding change time according to the change model;
and determining the valve clearance adjusting period according to the change time.
7. The method of evaluating a valve clearance adjustment period according to claim 6, wherein in said determining an adjustment period of a valve clearance according to the change model:
determining the valve clearance adjustment period by a formula T = T1/s;
wherein T is the valve clearance adjustment period, T1 is the change time, and S is the safety factor.
8. A system for evaluating a valve lash adjustment period, for performing the method of evaluating a valve lash adjustment period of claim 1, comprising:
a first determination module to determine a range of variation of a valve lash;
a construction module for constructing a variation model of the valve clearance;
the system comprises an acquisition module, a control module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring the current valve clearance of an engine;
an adjustment module to adjust the valve lash;
a second determination module to determine an adjustment period of the valve lash.
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| CN115247582B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2023-07-21 | 北京福田康明斯发动机有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting engine valve clearance |
| CN115949513B (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-05-30 | 绵阳华博精工机械有限公司 | Intelligent control and adjustment method and system for valve clearance |
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