CN110760939A - Nano fiber with rough surface structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano fiber with rough surface structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001659 ion-beam spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D01F6/12—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons from polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a nanofiber with a rough surface structure, which comprises the following steps: drying the polymer material, adding the dried polymer material into an organic solvent, stirring until the dried polymer material is dissolved, and standing and defoaming at room temperature for 6-8 hours; and (3) performing electrostatic spinning on the obtained polymer solution after standing and defoaming, and drying the prepared nanofiber to obtain the nanofiber with the rough surface structure. The invention simplifies the process flow for preparing the rough fiber surface, and the rough particles on the fiber surface are integrated with the fiber, so the invention permanently prepares the rough surface of the fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to preparation of nano fibers, in particular to a preparation method of electrostatic spinning nano fibers with rough surface structures.
Background
The regular rough fiber surface structure can endow the fiber with more excellent characteristics, such as higher specific surface area and a bionic multistage micro-nano structure, so that the fiber can be applied to the fields of super hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, high adsorption, cell adsorption and proliferation and the like.
Although the surface function of the fiber can be modified by ozone treatment, plasma treatment, ion beam sputtering, surface grafting and other technologies, a multi-stage structure with a regular and obvious surface structure is not manufactured. Patent CN105887469A discloses a method for compounding nanoparticles on the surface of a fiber, which comprises placing the fiber in a dopamine buffer solution containing nanoparticles to obtain a nanoparticle-coated fiber, and forming a multilevel structure on the surface of the fiber. However, the method has a complex process flow, and the bonding fastness of the nanoparticles and the fibers is still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a nanofiber with a rough surface structure, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a nanofiber with a rough surface structure, which comprises the following steps:
1) drying the polymer material at 60-90 ℃ to constant weight (about 6-8 hours) to obtain a dried polymer material;
2) adding the dried polymer material into an organic solvent, stirring (magnetically stirring) until the dried polymer material is dissolved, wherein the mass concentration of the dried polymer material in the obtained polymer solution (homogeneous solution) is 10-18% (preferably 12-14%);
standing and defoaming the polymer solution at room temperature (10-25 ℃) for 6-8 hours;
3) electrostatic spinning is adopted for the polymer solution obtained in the step 2) after standing and defoaming, and nano fibers are obtained;
4) drying the nano-fiber at 35-60 ℃ to constant weight (so that the solvent is completely volatilized for about 6-12 hours); obtaining the nanofiber with the rough surface structure.
The step 4) is specifically as follows: putting the prepared nanofiber membrane and a receiving substrate of the nanofiber into an oven, and drying at 35-60 ℃ to constant weight; then separating the nano-fiber receiving substrate to obtain the nano-fiber with the rough surface structure.
As an improvement of the preparation method of the rough surface structure nanofiber of the present invention: the polymer material is polyvinylidene fluoride.
As a further improvement of the preparation method of the rough surface structure nanofiber of the present invention: the organic solvent is at least one of polymethyl formamide, polymethyl acetamide, methylene dichloride, acetic acid and acetone.
The above organic solvent, preferably dimethylformamide, or preferably dimethylformamide: dichloromethane ═ 9:1 mixed solvent.
As a further improvement of the preparation method of the rough surface structure nanofiber of the present invention: the stirring in the step 2) is magnetic stirring, the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 300-2000 r/min, and the stirring time is 6-12 hours.
As a further improvement of the preparation method of the rough surface structure nanofiber of the present invention: in the step 3), the voltage of electrostatic spinning is 12-28 kv, the distance between electrodes is 12-24 cm, the spinning supply amount is 0.3-1 ml/h, the ambient temperature is 25-40 ℃, and the ambient relative humidity is 35-50%.
As a further improvement of the preparation method of the rough surface structure nanofiber of the present invention: in the step 3), the receiving base materials used for preparing the nano-fibers by electrostatic spinning are aluminum foil, release paper, non-woven fabrics and glass fiber grids.
The invention also provides the rough surface structure nanofiber prepared by any one of the methods: the diameter of the fiber is 200-1000 nanometers, the particle size of the rough particles on the surface is 40-150 nanometers, the rough particles are uniformly distributed on the surface of the fiber, and the specific surface area is 18-40 square meters per gram.
In the step 3), a medical sterile 10 ml syringe can be used for extracting a solution with a certain mass, and the nano-fiber is prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning process; in the step 3), the electrostatic spinning adopts a needle electrode.
Compared with the existing method for modifying the fiber surface by using the nano particles, the method has the following technical advantages:
(1) the invention simplifies the process flow for preparing the rough fiber surface;
(2) because the rough particles on the surface of the fiber are integrated with the fiber, the invention permanently prepares the rough surface of the fiber;
(3) by setting the electrostatic spinning process and environmental parameters, the solution is drawn from the needle electrode to the receiving substrate by using the high-voltage electric field force, and the nano-fiber with nano-particles uniformly distributed on the surface is obtained.
The diameter of the prepared nano fiber is 200-1000 nanometers, the particle size of the rough particles on the surface is 40-150 nanometers, the rough particles are uniformly distributed on the surface of the fiber, and the specific surface area can reach 18-40 m2/g。
The nanofiber with the rough surface structure can be prepared into a fiber aggregate and applied to the fields of super-hydrophobic and oleophobic materials, high-adsorption-performance materials, cell adsorption and proliferation and the like.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a nanofiber with a rough surface structure prepared in example 1 by using 12% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the nanofibers with rough surface structure prepared from example 2 using 14% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material;
fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the coarse structured nanofiber prepared in example 3 by using 12% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material and using dimethylformamide and dichloromethane as a mixed solvent.
Fig. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the coarse structured nanofiber prepared in example 4 by using 14% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material and using dimethylformamide and dichloromethane as a mixed solvent.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of nanofibers prepared from comparative example 1 using 6% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of nanofibers prepared from 8% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a raw material in comparative example 2;
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron microscope image of nanofibers prepared in comparative example 3 under conditions of an ambient spinning temperature of 25 ℃ and a humidity of 30%;
FIG. 8 is a scanning electron microscope image of the nanofibers prepared in comparative example 4 with a dimethylformamide to dichloromethane content ratio of 7: 3.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
In the following examples:
in the step 3), a medical sterile 10 ml syringe is used for extracting a solution with a certain mass, and the nano-fiber is prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning process; electrostatic spinning uses a needle electrode, the nanofiber take-up distance, i.e., the distance between the needle and the receiving substrate. The receiving substrate is in close proximity to the negative electrode.
Example 1, a method for preparing a nanofiber with a rough surface structure sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of a polymer material:
placing powdered polyvinylidene fluoride in an oven, and drying at 60 deg.C to constant weight (drying time is about 6 hr) to obtain dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder;
(2) preparing a polymer solution:
accurately weighing 2.4 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder into 17.6 g of dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, placing a beaker filled with dimethylformamide on a magnetic stirrer at a low speed of 50 r/min when adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, slowly pouring the polyvinylidene fluoride powder into the beaker, so that the polyvinylidene fluoride powder can be effectively prevented from agglomerating when being dissolved, adjusting the stirring speed to 500 r/min after the powder is completely poured, stirring for 6 hours at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent, and finally standing for 6 hours for defoaming;
(3) electrostatic spinning:
extracting 4 ml of the polymer solution obtained in the step 2) after standing and defoaming into an injector, wherein a metal needle of the injector is used as an electrode in electrostatic spinning, the temperature of a spinning environment is 35 ℃, the relative humidity is 45%, the spinning voltage is 15 kilovolts, the liquid feeding speed of the polymer solution is 0.5 ml/h, the receiving distance of the nano fiber is 15 cm, and a glass fiber grid is used as a nano fiber receiving substrate;
(4) putting the prepared nanofiber membrane and the nanofiber receiving substrate into an oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight (so that the solvent is completely volatilized, and the drying time is about 12 hours); then separating the nano-fiber receiving substrate to obtain the nano-fiber with the rough surface structure.
Embodiment 2, a method for preparing a nanofiber with a rough surface structure, sequentially comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of a polymer material:
placing powdered polyvinylidene fluoride in a drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder;
(2) preparing a polymer solution:
accurately weighing 2.8 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder into 17.2 g of dimethylformamide, placing a beaker filled with the dimethylformamide on a magnetic stirrer at a low speed of 50 r/min when the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is added, slowly pouring the polyvinylidene fluoride powder into the beaker, so that the polyvinylidene fluoride powder can be effectively prevented from agglomerating when being dissolved, adjusting the stirring speed to 500 r/min after the powder is completely poured, stirring for 6 hours at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent, and finally standing for 6 hours for defoaming;
(3) electrostatic spinning:
extracting 4 ml of the polymer solution obtained in the step 2) after standing and defoaming in an injector, wherein a metal needle of the injector is used as an electrode in electrostatic spinning, the temperature of the spinning environment is 30 ℃, the relative humidity is 50%, the spinning voltage is 18 kilovolts, the liquid feeding speed of the polymer solution is 0.5 ml/h, the receiving distance of the nano fiber is 15 cm, and a glass fiber grid is used as a nano fiber receiving substrate;
(4) putting the prepared nanofiber membrane and the nanofiber receiving base material into an oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to constant weight; then separating the nano-fiber receiving substrate to obtain the nano-fiber with the rough surface structure.
Example 3, a method for preparing a nanofiber with a rough surface structure sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of a polymer material:
placing powdered polyvinylidene fluoride in a drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder;
(2) preparing a polymer solution:
accurately weighing 2.4 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the powder into a mixed solvent consisting of 15.84 g of dimethylformamide and 1.76 g of dichloromethane, when adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, firstly placing a beaker filled with the mixed solvent on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at a low speed of 50 r/min, then slowly pouring the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, so that agglomeration of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder during dissolution can be effectively avoided, adjusting the stirring speed to 500 r/min after all the powder is poured, stirring for 6 hours at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent, and finally standing for 6 hours for defoaming;
(3) electrostatic spinning:
extracting 4 ml of the polymer solution obtained in the step 2) after standing and defoaming in an injector, wherein a metal needle of the injector is used as an electrode in electrostatic spinning, the temperature of the spinning environment is 35 ℃, the relative humidity is 45%, the spinning voltage is 15 kilovolts, the liquid feeding speed of the polymer solution is 0.5 ml/h, the receiving distance of the nano fiber is 15 cm, and a glass fiber grid is used as a nano fiber receiving substrate;
(4) putting the prepared nanofiber membrane and the nanofiber receiving base material into an oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to constant weight; then separating the nano-fiber receiving substrate to obtain the nano-fiber with the rough surface structure.
Example 4, a method for preparing a nanofiber with a rough surface structure sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of a polymer material:
placing powdered polyvinylidene fluoride in a drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight; obtaining dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder;
(2) preparing a polymer solution:
accurately weighing 2.8 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the powder into a mixed solvent consisting of 15.48 g of dimethylformamide and 1.72 g of dichloromethane, when adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, firstly placing a beaker filled with the mixed solvent on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at a low speed of 50 r/min, then slowly pouring the polyvinylidene fluoride powder, so that agglomeration of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder during dissolution can be effectively avoided, adjusting the stirring speed to 500 r/min after all the powder is poured, stirring for 6 hours at room temperature until the solution is clear and transparent, and finally standing for 6 hours for defoaming;
(3) electrostatic spinning:
extracting 4 ml of the polymer solution obtained in the step 2) after standing and defoaming in an injector, wherein a metal needle of the injector is used as an electrode in electrostatic spinning, the temperature of the spinning environment is 30 ℃, the relative humidity is 50%, the spinning voltage is 18 kilovolts, the liquid feeding speed of the polymer solution is 0.5 ml/h, the receiving distance of the nano fiber is 15 cm, and a glass fiber grid is used as a nano fiber receiving substrate;
(4) putting the prepared nanofiber membrane and the nanofiber receiving base material into an oven to be dried at 60 ℃ to constant weight; then separating the nano-fiber receiving substrate to obtain the nano-fiber with the rough surface structure.
Comparative example 1, step (2) in example 1 was modified as follows:
(2) accurately weighing 2.4 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the powder into 17.6 g of dimethylformamide, and changing into accurately weighing 1.2 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using the electronic balance, and adding the powder into 18.8 g of dimethylformamide; namely, the concentration of the polyvinylidene fluoride is changed from 12% to 6%;
the rest is equivalent to embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2, step (2) in example 1 was modified as follows:
(2) accurately weighing 2.4 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the powder into 17.6 g of dimethylformamide, and changing into accurately weighing 1.6 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using the electronic balance, and adding the powder into 18.4 g of dimethylformamide; namely, the concentration of the polyvinylidene fluoride is changed from 12% to 8%;
the rest is equivalent to embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3, step (3) in example 1 was modified as follows:
(3) changing the spinning environment temperature of 35 ℃ and the relative humidity of 45 percent into the spinning environment temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 30 percent;
the rest is equivalent to embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4, step (2) in example 3 was modified as follows:
(2) accurately weighing 2.4 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using an electronic balance, adding the powder into a mixed solvent consisting of 15.84 g of dimethylformamide and 1.76 g of dichloromethane, changing into accurately weighing 2.4 g of dried polyvinylidene fluoride powder by using the electronic balance, and adding the powder into a mixed solvent consisting of 12.32 g of dimethylformamide and 5.28 g of dichloromethane; that is, the concentration of polyvinylidene fluoride was unchanged, but the solvent used was changed.
The rest is equivalent to example 3.
Experiment I, the above examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are detected according to the GB/T36422 and 2018 chemical fiber micro-morphology and diameter measurement scanning electron microscope method, and the scanning electron microscope images of the obtained rough surface structure nanofiber are respectively shown in FIGS. 1 to 8.
From a comparison of fig. 1 to 8, it can be seen that: the surfaces of the fibers of comparative examples 1 to 3 cannot form regularly distributed nano-scale rough surfaces, and thus cannot form a multi-stage structure. Comparative example 4 formed stacked nanoparticles, failed to form fibers, and thus did not have the characteristics of fibers.
The specific performance parameters are as follows in table 1:
TABLE 1
Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned lists merely illustrate a few specific embodiments of the invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the nanofiber with the rough surface structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) drying the polymer material at 60-90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a dried polymer material;
2) adding the dried polymer material into an organic solvent, stirring until the dried polymer material is dissolved, wherein the mass concentration of the dried polymer material in the obtained polymer solution is 10-18%;
standing and defoaming the polymer solution at room temperature for 6-8 hours;
3) electrostatic spinning is adopted for the polymer solution obtained in the step 2) after standing and defoaming, and nano fibers are obtained;
4) drying the nano-fibers at 35-60 ℃ to constant weight; obtaining the nanofiber with the rough surface structure.
2. The method for preparing the nano fiber with the rough surface structure according to claim 1, wherein: the polymer material is polyvinylidene fluoride.
3. The method for preparing the nano fiber with the rough surface structure according to claim 2, wherein: the organic solvent is at least one of polymethyl formamide, polymethyl acetamide, dichloromethane, acetic acid and acetone.
4. The method for preparing the nanofiber with the rough surface structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the stirring in the step 2) is magnetic stirring, the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring is 300-2000 r/min, and the stirring time is 6-12 hours.
5. The method for preparing the nanofibers with a rough surface structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step 3), the voltage of electrostatic spinning is 12 to 28kv, the distance between electrodes is 12 to 24cm, the spinning supply amount is 0.3 to 1 ml/hour, the ambient temperature is 25 to 40 ℃, and the ambient relative humidity is 35 to 50%.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the receiving substrate used in the step 3) of preparing the nanofibers by electrospinning is aluminum foil, release paper, non-woven fabric, or glass fiber mesh.
7. The nanofiber with rough surface structure prepared by any one of the methods of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the diameter of the fiber is 200-1000 nanometers, the particle size of the rough particles on the surface is 40-150 nanometers, the rough particles are uniformly distributed on the surface of the fiber, and the specific surface area is 18-40 square meters per gram.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112796102A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 山东汇高智慧纺织科技集团有限公司 | Vacuum sputtering fiber silver plating, product and application thereof |
| CN113509822A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-19 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Preparation method of nanofiber aerogel composite filter material for removing formaldehyde |
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