CN110760843A - Laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating - Google Patents
Laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110760843A CN110760843A CN201911224006.6A CN201911224006A CN110760843A CN 110760843 A CN110760843 A CN 110760843A CN 201911224006 A CN201911224006 A CN 201911224006A CN 110760843 A CN110760843 A CN 110760843A
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- entropy alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C10/00—Computational theoretical chemistry, i.e. ICT specially adapted for theoretical aspects of quantum chemistry, molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics or the like
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy coating repair, and discloses a laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe 26-30%, Ni 18-23%, Mo 16-20%, Co 15-20%, Cr 10-16%, and the balance of Ti; the FeNiMoCoCrTi high-entropy alloy coating is obtained by applying a laser cladding technology, so that the hardness and the performance of the material are greatly improved, and the coating with high hardness and high performance is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy coating repair, and particularly relates to a laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating.
Background
The modes for preparing the high-entropy alloy are various, in the past, vacuum arc melting and casting are mainly performed, but the casting process has certain defects (such as low solidification rate and large amount of cavities and pores in the prepared block material), and the high-entropy alloy is often accompanied with expensive elements such as nickel, molybdenum, cobalt and the like in component design, so that the preparation cost of the high-entropy alloy block material is greatly increased. Therefore, in the practical process, the high-entropy alloy coating is prepared by magnetron sputtering, laser cladding and other methods, and the cost performance of the coating can be effectively improved.
Many factors influence the formation of phases in the alloy, such as the crystal structure, atomic size, electronegativity, etc. of the constituent elements, and the key to the design of high entropy alloys is to avoid the generation of large amounts of intermetallic compounds, so as to obtain a single solid solution. Fe. The five elements of Ni, Co, Cr and Ti are in the fourth period, have similar atomic radius and electronegativity, and are easy to form solid solution with larger solid solubility.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, which is obtained by applying a laser cladding technology on the surface of 45# steel, so that the material hardness and the material performance are greatly improved, and the coating with high hardness and high performance is obtained.
The invention is realized in such a way that a laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe 26-30%, Ni 18-23%, Mo 16-20%, Co 15-20%, Cr 10-16%, and the balance Ti.
As a preferred technical scheme of the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components: fe 26%, Ni 18%, Mo 16%, Co 15%, Cr 10% and the balance of Ti.
As a preferred technical scheme of the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components: fe 30%, Ni 23%, Mo 20%, Co 20%, Cr 16% and the balance of Ti.
As a preferred technical scheme of the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components: fe 28%, Ni 21%, Mo 18%, Co 17%, Cr 13% and the balance of Ti.
As a preferred technical scheme of the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, the laser cladding method is used for carrying out layer-by-layer fusion cladding.
As a preferred technical scheme of the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, the coating is researched by XRD and SEM to test hardness values.
As a preferred technical scheme of the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating, the analysis method for the alloy coating is an orthogonal test method, and comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting three factors of laser power, scanning speed and defocusing amount as main influence factors, wherein each influence factor is measured by adopting four levels;
s2, for the test results of a certain factor at different levels, the following mathematical model is established:
Xij＝μ+аi+ ε ij1,2.. cndot.p. wherein i1, 2.. cndot.p
Where μ is called the true value, aiIs muiFor an offset of μ,. epsilonijIs an error value contained in the data. Simultaneous epsilonijAre independent of each other and follow a normal distribution N (mu, sigma)2)；
And S3, performing parameter estimation and statistical test on the obtained data.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the FeNiMoCoCrTi high-entropy alloy provided by the invention not only has good mechanical properties, but also can effectively improve the internal mechanism of 45# steel. Under the technological parameters of laser power of 3000W, scanning speed of 0.015m/s and defocusing amount of 50mm, the FeNiMoCoCrTi high-entropy alloy has uniform and compact structure, the coating has the optimal mechanical property, the maximum hardness of the coating can reach 1159.4HV, the maximum hardness is about 4 times that of a base material (four levels of base material hardness), and the corrosion resistance of the material can be further protected. In the practical industrial production, the method brings certain reference value for the application of the high-entropy alloy coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table of calculated data of the width and height of a cladding layer and the depth of a molten pool and the variance of coating hardness provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectrum of the high-entropy alloy provided by the embodiment of the invention under the conditions of laser power of 3000W, scanning speed of 0.015m/s and defocusing amount of 50 mm;
FIG. 3 is a 2000 SEM image of the middle and upper regions of a cladding layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the microhardness of the high-entropy alloy coating provided by the embodiment of the invention under the conditions of laser power of 3000W, scanning speed of 0.015m/s and defocusing amount of 50 mm;
FIG. 5 is a hardness indentation diagram (a) of a bonding region in the middle of a cladding layer under an optimized combination of conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention; a cladding layer surface hardness indentation diagram (b) under the combination of optimized conditions;
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes, by mass: fe 26-30%, Ni 18-23%, Mo 16-20%, Co 15-20%, Cr 10-16%, and the balance Ti.
Example 1
The high-entropy alloy comprises: fe 26%, Ni 18%, Mo 16%, Co 15%, Cr 10% and the balance of Ti.
Carrying out layer-by-layer fusion covering on the surface of 45# steel by a laser cladding method; and the coating is researched by XRD and SEM, and hardness values are tested by taking different widths, heights and molten pool depths.
Example 2
The high-entropy alloy comprises: fe 30%, Ni 23%, Mo 20%, Co 20%, Cr 16% and the balance of Ti.
Carrying out layer-by-layer fusion covering on the surface of 45# steel by a laser cladding method; and the coating is researched by XRD and SEM, and hardness values are tested by taking different widths, heights and molten pool depths.
Example 3
The high-entropy alloy comprises: fe 28%, Ni 21%, Mo 18%, Co 17%, Cr 13% and the balance of Ti.
Carrying out layer-by-layer fusion covering on the surface of 45# steel by a laser cladding method; and the coating is researched by XRD and SEM, and hardness values are tested by taking different widths, heights and molten pool depths.
Further, the analysis of the three examples is performed by an orthogonal test method for the alloy coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting three factors of laser power, scanning speed and defocusing amount as main influence factors, wherein each influence factor is measured by adopting four levels;
s2, for the test results of a certain factor at different levels, the following mathematical model is established:
Xij＝μ+аi+ ε ij1,2.. cndot.p. wherein i1, 2.. cndot.p
Where μ is called the true value, aiIs muiFor an offset of μ,. epsilonijIs an error value contained in the data. Simultaneous epsilonijAre independent of each other and follow a normal distribution N (mu, sigma)2)；
And S3, performing parameter estimation and statistical test on the obtained data.
The fluctuation of the test result is mainly caused by the change of the factor level and the test error, wherein the statistical test range analysis method and the variance analysis method are analyzed to obtain the figure 1.
For hardness value testing of the above examples, fig. 5 (a) is a cross-sectional microhardness distribution graph of the FeNiMoCoCrTi high-entropy alloy coating under different laser powers (laser scanning speed is 0.015m/s, defocusing amount is 50 mm). Therefore, as the laser power increases, the cladding depth increases, the metal around the molten pool flows to the air holes, so that the air holes are reduced, the hardness of the coating is obviously increased, and when the laser power exceeds the limit, the cladding layer deforms and cracks due to the rapidly increased temperature. According to the curve trend, the hardness distribution tends to be more stable in the laser power of 3000W than in the laser power of 3200W, the relative hardness is higher, and the hardness distribution is optimal in the cladding layer laser power of 3000W. The sharp increase of hardness exists at the joint of the cladding area and the matrix, which shows that under the action of the laser cladding heat effect, the base material at the bottom of the molten pool has the change of the structure and the performance, namely a fine grain area or a normalizing area is formed. In addition, the hardness is lower in the middle of the cladding layer and the upper part of the bonding area, and the content ratio of the high-entropy alloy elements is reduced mainly along with the increase of the distance from the surface, so that the solid solution strengthening is weakened, and the hardness is reduced.
FIG. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional microhardness distribution curve diagram of the FeNiMoCoCrTi high-entropy alloy coating at different scanning speeds (laser power is 3000W, defocusing amount is 50 mm). As can be seen from the figure, the hardness distribution at different scanning speeds is relatively similar (consistent in trend), no wide fluctuation exists, and the hardness is increased sharply at the section distance of 1mm, which indicates that the bonding area of the cladding layer and the base material (heat affected zone) is shown here. The hardness is gradually reduced along with the increase of the speed, which shows that the coating and the substrate are heated to different degrees due to different scanning speeds, so that the diffusion of elements is continuously reduced from the surface to the bottom, and the hardness gradient is formed. When the speed is higher, the heating is more uneven, the bonding area can not be sufficiently rapidly melted and rapidly solidified, namely, good metallurgical bonding can not be formed, and the hardness is reduced, so that the hardness is obviously reduced at the scanning speed of 0.02m/s, but the lower the speed is not meant, the higher the hardness value is, the hardness value can be obtained from the graph, the hardness value distribution is uneven at the speed of 0.005m/s, which indicates that the molten pool is rapidly solidified unevenly, the bonding area contains a large number of holes (caused by thermal balance), the hardness distribution is gentle and uniform at the speed of 0.015m/s, which indicates that the rapid solidification of the cladding layer is more balanced at the speed, the hardness gradient is small, and the hardness value at the speed of 0.015m/s is less different from the hardness at the speed of 0.005m/s and the speed of 0.01 m/s.
In summary, the mass fraction contents of the high-entropy alloy provided by the embodiments 1,2 and 3, wherein the embodiment 3 is the optimal composition, effectively improve the internal mechanism of the 45# steel. Under the technological parameters of laser power of 3000W, scanning speed of 0.015m/s and defocusing amount of 50mm, the FeNiMoCoCrTi high-entropy alloy has uniform and compact structure, the coating has the best mechanical property, the maximum hardness of the coating can reach 1159.4HV, which is about 4 times of that of a base material, and the coating can also protect the material from corrosion.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The laser-cladding high-entropy alloy coating is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: fe 26-30%, Ni 18-23%, Mo 16-20%, Co 15-20%, Cr 10-16%, and the balance Ti.
2. The laser-clad high-entropy alloy coating of claim 1, wherein the high-entropy alloy comprises: fe 26%, Ni 18%, Mo 16%, Co 15%, Cr 10% and the balance of Ti.
3. The laser-clad high-entropy alloy coating of claim 1, wherein the high-entropy alloy comprises: fe 30%, Ni 23%, Mo 20%, Co 20%, Cr 16% and the balance of Ti.
4. The laser-clad high-entropy alloy coating of claim 3, wherein the high-entropy alloy comprises: fe 28%, Ni 21%, Mo 18%, Co 17%, Cr 13% and the balance of Ti.
5. Laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating according to claims 1 to 4, wherein layer-by-layer fusion cladding is performed by a laser cladding method.
6. The laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating of claims 1-4, wherein the hardness value is tested by studying the coating through XRD and SEM.
7. The laser cladding high-entropy alloy coating of claims 1-4, wherein an analysis method for the alloy coating is an orthogonal test method, comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting three factors of laser power, scanning speed and defocusing amount as main influence factors, wherein each influence factor is measured by adopting four levels;
s2, for the test results of a certain factor at different levels, the following mathematical model is established:
Xij＝μ+аi+εij1,2.. cndot.p. wherein i1, 2.. cndot.p
Where μ is called the true value, aiIs muiFor an offset of μ,. epsilonijIs an error value contained in the data. Simultaneous epsilonijAre independent of each other and follow a normal distribution N (mu, sigma)2)；
And S3, performing parameter estimation and statistical test on the obtained data.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106119835A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of equiax crystal high-entropy alloy coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN108431262A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-08-21 | 日立金属株式会社 | High-entropy alloy component, the alloy components manufacturing method and used the manufacture objects of the alloy components |
| CN109797391A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of preparation method of wind power bearing low dilution rate FeCrCoNiMoTi high-entropy alloy powder and its cladding layer |
| CN109797390A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of iron-based high-entropy alloy powder of wind power bearing and its cladding layer preparation method |
| CN110344052A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 重庆理工大学 | A method of superhard Ti10CoCrNiFeNbx high entropy alloy coating is prepared on high purity titanium surface |
-
2019
- 2019-12-04 CN CN201911224006.6A patent/CN110760843A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108431262A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-08-21 | 日立金属株式会社 | High-entropy alloy component, the alloy components manufacturing method and used the manufacture objects of the alloy components |
| CN106119835A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-16 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of equiax crystal high-entropy alloy coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109797391A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of preparation method of wind power bearing low dilution rate FeCrCoNiMoTi high-entropy alloy powder and its cladding layer |
| CN109797390A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of iron-based high-entropy alloy powder of wind power bearing and its cladding layer preparation method |
| CN110344052A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 重庆理工大学 | A method of superhard Ti10CoCrNiFeNbx high entropy alloy coating is prepared on high purity titanium surface |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘其斌等: "《激光材料加工及其应用》", 30 April 2018 * |
| 黄晋培等: "《激光熔覆制备 TaC/FeCoCrNiTiMo 熔覆层组织性能研究》", 《上海工程技术大学学报》 * |
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