CN110760685A - Method for recovering retired lithium ion battery anode material - Google Patents
Method for recovering retired lithium ion battery anode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110760685A CN110760685A CN201911243905.0A CN201911243905A CN110760685A CN 110760685 A CN110760685 A CN 110760685A CN 201911243905 A CN201911243905 A CN 201911243905A CN 110760685 A CN110760685 A CN 110760685A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering an out-of-service lithium ion battery anode material, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: taking the retired lithium ion battery for discharge treatment, peeling the shell, cleaning electrolyte in the battery, and crushing the anode material of the lithium ion battery to obtain mixed powder; step two: placing the mixed powder into a periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, setting the magnetic separation field intensity to be more than 1.0T, and selecting magnetic substances; step three: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity to 1.2T-1.7T, and carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the mixed powder; step four: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity to 1.5T-1.7T, and carrying out magnetic separation on the mixed powder for three times; step four: opening the valve, discharging the non-magnetic powder, closing the magnetic field, and discharging the magnetic substance to obtain weak magnetic superfine powder and non-magnetic powder. The method can effectively recover the weak magnetic powder in the crushed lithium battery, improves the recovery yield, and is simple in process, low in cost, free of pollution, good in practicability and suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery recovery, in particular to a method for recovering a retired lithium ion battery anode material.
Background
With the continuous progress of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements on energy sources, and particularly along with the rapid development of power automobiles, lithium ion batteries are widely applied due to the advantages of high energy density, long service life, reusability, no pollution and the like; but correspondingly, how to effectively recycle and reuse the lithium ion battery has important significance.
In the existing waste lithium ion battery, the main recovered substances are copper, aluminum, a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein the positive plate of the lithium battery is an aluminum foil coated positive material, and the negative plate of the lithium battery is a copper foil coated negative material; however, more than 90% of valuable recycling substances are on the positive and negative plates of the lithium battery, so that the recycling of the positive and negative plates of the lithium battery becomes a primary consideration. The existing lithium ion battery recycling process has a crushing procedure regardless of integral treatment or single pole piece treatment, and when the integral battery or the single pole piece is crushed, the pole piece falls off, so that the condition that the components of the crushed mixed powder are complex can be caused, and the crushed mixed powder contains not only positive and negative pole powder, but also iron and steel materials, shell abrasion materials and other substances which are abraded by a crusher; therefore, how to treat the mixed material generated in the lithium battery recycling and crushing process does not have a particularly effective method at present, valuable metals in the mixed material can be extracted by a chemical method theoretically, but secondary pollutants are generated, and the practicability is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for recovering a retired lithium ion battery anode material, which can effectively recover weak magnetic powder in the lithium ion battery anode material, effectively improve the mixing property and the dispersibility of mixed powder, avoid the phenomenon of agglomeration and balling of the powder, improve the recovery yield, reduce the cost and reduce the pollution.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for recovering a retired lithium ion battery anode material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the retired lithium ion battery for discharge treatment, peeling the shell, cleaning electrolyte in the battery, and crushing the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery to obtain mixed powder for later use;
step two: placing the mixed powder prepared in the first step into a periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, setting the magnetic separation field strength to be more than 1.0T, adjusting the liquid flow through a valve, injecting liquid, opening the magnetic field for magnetic separation, adsorbing and selecting magnetic substances in the positive electrode material through a magnetic medium in the magnetic separator, and obtaining the mixed powder consisting of a small amount of dispersed magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances;
step three: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity of the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to 1.2T-1.7T, carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the step two, and selecting residual magnetic substances to obtain mixed powder consisting of dispersed trace magnetic substances and nonmagnetic substances;
step four: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity of the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to 1.5T-1.7T, carrying out magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the third step for three times, and selecting the final residual magnetic substances to obtain all the magnetic substances and dispersed non-magnetic substance powder;
step five: opening the valve, discharging the non-magnetic material powder, closing the magnetic field, and discharging the magnetic material to obtain the separated weak magnetic superfine powder and non-magnetic powder.
Specifically, in the first step, the decommissioned lithium ion battery is one of a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganate battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery or a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery.
Specifically, the particle size of the mixed powder in the first step is 5 microns-2 mm.
Specifically, the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator in the second step is an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient strong magnetic separator.
Specifically, after the mixed powder in the step two is placed into a periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, ultrasonic dispersion is firstly carried out, and then magnetic separation is carried out.
3. Advantageous effects
(1) The invention can effectively improve the mixing property among powder materials, increase the dispersion of the mixed powder materials and avoid the phenomenon of powder material agglomeration and balling by firstly carrying out ultrasonic dispersion and then carrying out magnetic separation after the crushed mixed powder materials are placed into the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator.
(2) According to the invention, the field intensity of the magnetic separation is adjusted for three times, and the three times of magnetic separation are carried out, so that the weak magnetic powder in the lithium battery anode material is effectively recovered, the recovery rate of the magnetic anode material after the magnetic separation can reach more than 98%, and the recovery yield is improved.
(3) The method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, adopts the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator for physical separation, effectively avoids the operation of extracting magnetic substances in a chemical mode, has no pollution, has good practicability and is suitable for popularization.
In conclusion, the method for recycling the retired lithium ion battery anode material provided by the invention can effectively recycle the weak magnetic powder in the lithium ion battery anode material, effectively improve the mixing property of the mixed powder, increase the dispersibility, and avoid the phenomenon of agglomeration and balling of the powder, so that the recovery rate of the anode material after magnetic separation can reach more than 98%, and the recovery yield is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for recovering a retired lithium ion battery anode material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an NCM523 type nickel cobalt lithium manganate battery after retirement for discharge treatment, peeling off a shell, cleaning electrolyte in the battery, and crushing a positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery to obtain mixed powder for later use, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 1 mm;
step two: putting the mixed powder prepared in the first step into an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, setting the magnetic separation field strength to be 1.7T, adjusting the liquid flow through a valve, injecting liquid, performing ultrasonic dispersion firstly, effectively uniformly dispersing the powder, avoiding the phenomenon that part of the powder is agglomerated into a sphere, opening a magnetic field for magnetic separation, adsorbing and selecting magnetic substances in the positive electrode material through a magnetic medium in the magnetic separator, and obtaining the dispersed mixed powder consisting of a small amount of magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances;
step three: under the magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 1.7T, carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the step two by an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to select residual magnetic substances so as to obtain the mixed powder consisting of dispersed trace magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances;
step four: under the magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 1.7T, carrying out three times of magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the third step by an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to select the final residual magnetic substance so as to obtain all the magnetic substances and the dispersed non-magnetic substance powder;
step five: opening the valve, discharging the non-magnetic material powder, closing the magnetic field, and discharging the magnetic material to obtain the separated weak magnetic superfine powder and non-magnetic powder.
In this example, the recovery rate of nickel in the positive electrode material of the NCM 523-type nickel-cobalt lithium manganate battery recovered by the method was 98.7% or more, and the recovery rate of cobalt was 98.8% or more.
Example 2
A method for recovering a retired lithium ion battery anode material comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking an NCM811 type nickel cobalt lithium manganate battery after retirement for discharge treatment, peeling off a shell, cleaning electrolyte in the battery, and crushing a positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery to obtain mixed powder for later use, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 1 mm;
step two: putting the mixed powder prepared in the first step into an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, setting the magnetic separation field strength to be 1.5T, adjusting the liquid flow through a valve, injecting liquid, performing ultrasonic dispersion firstly, effectively uniformly dispersing the powder, avoiding the phenomenon that part of the powder is agglomerated into a sphere, opening a magnetic field for magnetic separation, adsorbing and selecting magnetic substances in the positive electrode material through a magnetic medium in the magnetic separator, and obtaining the dispersed mixed powder consisting of a small amount of magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances;
step three: under the magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 1.5T, carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the step two by an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to select residual magnetic substances so as to obtain the mixed powder consisting of dispersed trace magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances;
step four: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity to 1.7T, carrying out three-time magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the third step by using an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, and selecting the final residual magnetic substances to obtain all the magnetic substances and dispersed non-magnetic substance powder;
step five: opening the valve, discharging the non-magnetic material powder, closing the magnetic field, and discharging the magnetic material to obtain the separated weak magnetic superfine powder and non-magnetic powder.
In this example, the recovery rates of nickel and cobalt in the positive electrode material of the NCM811 type nickel-cobalt lithium manganate battery recovered by the method were all above 98%.
In summary, the method for recycling the anode material of the retired lithium ion battery provided by the invention can effectively recycle the weakly magnetic powder of the anode material in the crushed lithium battery, effectively improve the mixing property of the mixed powder, increase the dispersibility, and avoid the phenomenon of agglomeration and balling of the powder, so that the recovery rate of the anode material after magnetic separation can reach more than 98%, and the recovery yield is improved.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for recovering a retired lithium ion battery anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: taking the retired lithium ion battery for discharge treatment, peeling the shell, cleaning electrolyte in the battery, and crushing the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery to obtain mixed powder for later use;
step two: placing the mixed powder prepared in the first step into a periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator, setting the magnetic separation field strength to be more than 1.0T, adjusting the liquid flow through a valve, opening the magnetic field for magnetic separation, adsorbing and selecting magnetic substances in a positive electrode material through a magnetic medium in the magnetic separator, and obtaining the mixed powder consisting of a small amount of dispersed magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances;
step three: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity of the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to 1.2T-1.7T, carrying out secondary magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the step two, and selecting residual magnetic substances to obtain mixed powder consisting of dispersed trace magnetic substances and nonmagnetic substances;
step four: adjusting the magnetic separation field intensity of the periodic pulsating high-gradient magnetic separator to 1.5T-1.7T, carrying out magnetic separation on the mixed powder obtained in the third step for three times, and selecting the final residual magnetic substances to obtain all the magnetic substances and dispersed non-magnetic substance powder;
step five: opening the valve, discharging the non-magnetic material powder, closing the magnetic field, and discharging the magnetic material to obtain the separated weak magnetic superfine powder and non-magnetic powder.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery after decommissioning in the step one is one of a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganate battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery or a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide battery.
3. The method for recycling the anode material of the retired lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder in the first step is 5 μm to 2 mm.
4. The method for recycling the anode material of the retired lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the periodic pulsating high gradient magnetic separator in the second step is an SLon-100 periodic pulsating high gradient strong magnetic separator.
5. The method for recycling the anode material of the retired lithium ion battery according to claim 4, wherein the mixed powder in the second step is placed in a periodic pulsating high gradient magnetic separator, and then is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion and magnetic separation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911243905.0A CN110760685A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Method for recovering retired lithium ion battery anode material |
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| CN201911243905.0A CN110760685A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Method for recovering retired lithium ion battery anode material |
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| CN201911243905.0A Pending CN110760685A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Method for recovering retired lithium ion battery anode material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111900507A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-06 | 安徽绿沃循环能源科技有限公司 | Method for recycling retired lithium iron phosphate battery |
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| WO2017118955A1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-13 | Attero Recycling Pvt. Ltd. | Process for recovering metal values from spent lithium ion batteries with high manganese content |
| CN108428958A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2018-08-21 | 四川省有色冶金研究院有限公司 | The recovery method of valuable metal in waste and old dynamic lithium battery |
| CN109750155A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-14 | 安徽工业大学 | A method of the Call Provision from waste lithium ion cell anode material |
| CN110479478A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-22 | 赣州金环磁选设备有限公司 | A kind of method that green high-efficient recycles valuable metal nickel cobalt manganese in waste lithium cell |
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2019
- 2019-12-06 CN CN201911243905.0A patent/CN110760685A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101054631A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2007-10-17 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for recovering valuable metal in invalid lithium ion battery |
| WO2017118955A1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-13 | Attero Recycling Pvt. Ltd. | Process for recovering metal values from spent lithium ion batteries with high manganese content |
| CN108428958A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2018-08-21 | 四川省有色冶金研究院有限公司 | The recovery method of valuable metal in waste and old dynamic lithium battery |
| CN109750155A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-14 | 安徽工业大学 | A method of the Call Provision from waste lithium ion cell anode material |
| CN110479478A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-22 | 赣州金环磁选设备有限公司 | A kind of method that green high-efficient recycles valuable metal nickel cobalt manganese in waste lithium cell |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111900507A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-06 | 安徽绿沃循环能源科技有限公司 | Method for recycling retired lithium iron phosphate battery |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |