CN110759485A - Novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water quality stabilizer consists of 0-20 parts of graphene oxide, 70-90 parts of lanthanum modified inorganic nano material and 5-10 parts of denitrifying bacteria agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing graphene oxide, (2) carrying out heat treatment on bentonite and diatomite, (3) carrying out heat treatment on zeolite powder, (4) preparing a lanthanum modified inorganic nano material, and (5) preparing a water quality stabilizer. According to the invention, the ecological water purifying agent is formed by the graphene oxide and the lanthanum modified inorganic nano material, and the water quality is purified by adopting an adsorption principle rather than a flocculation principle, so that the microbial effect is not influenced by the fact that strains are deposited in the bottom mud and cannot be separated out due to flocculation. The preparation method of the water quality stabilizer is simple and feasible, the operation is easy, and the final material is nontoxic and harmless and cannot cause new pollution to water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The urban river and lake is a complex ecological system which flows in urban landscape, is closely connected with the living environment of urban residents and is relatively open. The riverways and lakes have certain self-purification and recovery capability to the external pollution, however, some riverways and lakes have a large number of residents along the bank, and the production and life of the residents have great influence on the urban riverways and lakes, so that the ecological functions of the urban riverways and lakes are continuously degraded and lost, and black odor and mosquito breeding occur, so that the functions as urban landscapes are lost, and the urban pollution is caused; the normal production and life of residents are disturbed, and the reputation of the city is influenced.
Chemical methods and biological methods are common means for treating rivers and lakes, wherein the chemical methods are to add chemical agents into water bodies, so that the water quality of the water bodies can be improved in a short time, but the chemical agents are relatively expensive and difficult to master in dosage, pollutants are deposited on river bottoms and are easily rolled up by water flow, and the possibility of secondary pollution release exists. The biological method has the advantages of low operation cost and persistent degradation of pollution, but generally takes effect slowly due to a certain growth period of microorganisms, and the microorganisms are easily lost and dispersed unevenly due to the impact of water flow. The chemical-biological method can effectively solve the problems, but the commonly used chemical agents at the present stage are mainly coagulants, belong to high molecular chain compounds, have certain removal effect on pollutants in water, but are easy to flocculate microorganisms together when used together with the microbial agent, so that the use effect of the microbial agent is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems existing in the background art, the invention mainly aims to provide a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the chemical agent mainly comprises an adsorption material, so that pollutants in a water body can be quickly and effectively removed, the pollutants can be solidified and stabilized in bottom mud, secondary pollution is avoided, and meanwhile, the inorganic nano material with high specific surface area not only can provide an attached growth space for microorganisms, but also has a good promotion effect on the growth of the microorganisms.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) graphene oxide: 0-20 parts of a solvent;
lanthanum-modified inorganic nano-material: 70-90 parts;
denitrifying bacteria agent: 5-10 parts;
the graphene oxide is prepared by oxidizing natural graphite according to a Hummers method, and the thickness of a sheet layer of the graphene oxide is 0.766-0.896 nm; the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is prepared from one or more of lanthanum chloride modified sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powder, wherein the specific surface area of the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm.
The Hummers method of The present invention can be selected from The methods known in The art (references: Hummers W, Offeman R E.preparation of a graphic oxide [ j ]. Journal of The American chemical Society, 1958, 80 (6): 1339.).
Preferably, in the denitrifying bacteria agent, the number of viable bacteria per ton is 2.8 multiplied by 1014The strains are screened and cultured in nature, the applicable pH is 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature is 10-60 ℃, and the maximum salinity tolerance is 40 per mill. The denitrifying bacteria agent can be obtained commercially.
Preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of graphene oxide, 80 parts of lanthanum modified inorganic nano material and 5 parts of denitrifying bacteria agent, wherein the weight ratio of sodium bentonite, kieselguhr and zeolite powder in the lanthanum modified inorganic nano material is 6:2: 2.
A preparation method of a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing graphene oxide: preparing graphene oxide by using natural graphite as a raw material according to a Hummers method, and drying and grinding the graphene oxide;
(2) heat treatment of bentonite and diatomite: calcining a certain amount of sodium bentonite and diatomite at 450 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to room temperature;
(3) heat treatment of zeolite powder: weighing a certain amount of natural zeolite powder, activating the natural zeolite powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃, and cooling to room temperature;
(4) preparing a lanthanum modified inorganic nano material: weighing one or more of the heat-treated sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powder, dissolving in 300mL of water, magnetically stirring for 1 hour, and swelling for 24 hours; adjusting the pH value to 7 by using dilute hydrochloric acid, dropwise adding 10mL of 10% lanthanum chloride solution, and oscillating in a shaking table for 24 hours; centrifugally washing the solid for 3 times, drying and grinding;
(5) adding the prepared graphene oxide and lanthanum modified inorganic nano material into a container according to a certain weight part ratio, adding water until the mass fraction of the composite material is 30%, stirring and reacting for 2 hours under the magnetic stirring condition of 900r/min, filtering and removing supernatant, drying the solid in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a powdery ecological water purifying agent;
(6) and mixing the ecological water purifying agent and the denitrifying bacteria agent according to a certain weight part ratio to obtain the water quality stabilizer.
Preferably, the thickness of the graphene oxide layer prepared in the step (1) is 0.766-0.896 nm.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material prepared in the step (4) is 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm.
Preferably, in the step (5), the weight part of the graphene oxide is 0-20, the weight part of the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 70-90, and the weight part of the denitrifying bacteria agent is 5-10.
Preferably, the number of live bacteria in the denitrifying bacteria agent in the step (6) is 2.8 × 1014The strain per ton contains the strain with the applicable pH of 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature of 10-60 ℃ and the salinity tolerance of 0-40 per mill.
Preferably, in the step (4), the sodium bentonite, the diatomite and the zeolite powder are weighed, and the weight ratio of the sodium bentonite, the diatomite and the zeolite powder is 6:2: 2.
compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the ecological water purifying agent is formed by the graphene oxide and the lanthanum modified inorganic nano material, and the water quality is purified by adopting an adsorption principle rather than a flocculation principle, so that the microbial effect is not influenced by the fact that strains are deposited in the bottom mud and cannot be separated out due to flocculation.
2. The water quality stabilizer provided by the invention is simple and feasible in preparation method, easy to operate, and the final material is nontoxic and harmless, and does not cause new pollution to water.
3. The porous materials in the ecological water purifying agent have the advantages of large specific surface area, strong adsorption performance and the like, and are convenient for strain attachment and growth.
4. The ecological water purifying agent can solidify pollutants in the bottom mud for a long time, and does not generate the problem of secondary release pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of turbidity over time for various embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the trend of total phosphorus over time in various examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation trend of ammonia nitrogen with time in each example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing graphene oxide: preparing graphene oxide by using natural graphite as a raw material according to a Hummers method, drying and grinding to obtain the graphene oxide with the thickness of 0.766-0.896 nm;
(2) heat treatment of bentonite and diatomite: selecting sodium bentonite and diatomite in parts by weight, calcining for 2 hours at 450 ℃, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
(3) heat treatment of zeolite powder: weighing a certain amount of natural zeolite powder, activating the natural zeolite powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃, and cooling the natural zeolite powder to room temperature for later use;
(4) preparing a lanthanum modified inorganic nano material: weighing 5g of the above heat-treated sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powder, and dissolving in 3In 00mL of water (the weight ratio of the sodium bentonite to the diatomite to the zeolite powder is 6:2:2), magnetically stirring for 1 hour, and swelling for 24 hours; adjusting the pH value to 7 by using dilute hydrochloric acid, dropwise adding 10mL of 10% lanthanum chloride solution, and oscillating in a shaking table for 24 hours; centrifugally washing the solid for 3 times, drying and grinding; the specific surface area of the obtained lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm.
(5) Adding the prepared graphene oxide and lanthanum modified inorganic nano material into a container according to a certain weight part ratio, adding water until the mass fraction of the composite material is 30%, stirring and reacting for 2 hours under the magnetic stirring condition of 900r/min, filtering and removing supernatant, drying the solid in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a powdery ecological water purifying agent;
(6) mixing 95 parts by weight of ecological water purifying agent (15 parts by weight of graphene oxide and 80 parts by weight of lanthanum modified inorganic nano material) and 5 parts by weight of denitrifying bacteria agent according to a certain weight part ratio to obtain the water quality stabilizer. The number of viable bacteria in each ton of denitrifying bacteria agent is 2.8 multiplied by 1014The strains are screened and cultured in nature, the applicable pH is 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature is 10-60 ℃, the maximum salinity tolerance is 40 per mill, and the strains have certain resistance to chloride, cyanide and heavy metal.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing graphene oxide: preparing graphene oxide by using natural graphite as a raw material according to a Hummers method, drying and grinding to obtain the graphene oxide with the thickness of 0.766-0.896 nm;
(2) heat treatment of bentonite and diatomite: selecting sodium bentonite and diatomite in parts by weight, calcining for 2 hours at 450 ℃, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
(3) heat treatment of zeolite powder: weighing a certain amount of natural zeolite powder, activating the natural zeolite powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃, and cooling the natural zeolite powder to room temperature for later use;
(4) preparing a lanthanum modified inorganic nano material: weighing 5g of the above-mentioned heat-treated sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powder, dissolving in the solutionMagnetically stirring the mixture in 300mL of water (the weight ratio of the sodium bentonite to the diatomite to the zeolite powder is 6:2:2) for 1 hour, and swelling the mixture for 24 hours; adjusting the pH value to 7 by using dilute hydrochloric acid, dropwise adding 10mL of 10% lanthanum chloride solution, and oscillating in a shaking table for 24 hours; centrifugally washing the solid for 3 times, drying and grinding; the specific surface area of the obtained lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm.
(5) Adding the prepared graphene oxide and lanthanum modified inorganic nano material into a container according to a certain weight part ratio, adding water until the mass fraction of the composite material is 30%, stirring and reacting for 2 hours under the magnetic stirring condition of 900r/min, filtering and removing supernatant, drying the solid in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a powdery ecological water purifying agent;
(6) mixing 90 parts by weight of ecological water purifying agent (10 parts by weight of graphene oxide and 80 parts by weight of lanthanum modified inorganic nano material) and 10 parts by weight of denitrifying bacteria agent according to a certain weight part ratio to obtain the water quality stabilizer. The number of viable bacteria in each ton of denitrifying bacteria agent is 2.8 multiplied by 1014The strains are screened and cultured in nature, the applicable pH is 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature is 10-60 ℃, the maximum salinity tolerance is 40 per mill, and the strains have certain resistance to chloride, cyanide and heavy metal.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a preparation method of a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing graphene oxide: preparing graphene oxide by using natural graphite as a raw material according to a Hummers method, drying and grinding to obtain the graphene oxide with the thickness of 0.766-0.896 nm;
(2) heat treatment of bentonite and diatomite: selecting sodium bentonite and diatomite in parts by weight, calcining for 2 hours at 450 ℃, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
(3) heat treatment of zeolite powder: weighing a certain amount of natural zeolite powder, activating the natural zeolite powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃, and cooling the natural zeolite powder to room temperature for later use;
(4) preparing a lanthanum modified inorganic nano material: weighing 5g of the above heat-treated sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powderDissolving in 300mL of water (the weight ratio of the sodium bentonite to the diatomite to the zeolite powder is 2:2:6), magnetically stirring for 1 hour, and swelling for 24 hours; adjusting the pH value to 7 by using dilute hydrochloric acid, dropwise adding 10mL of 10% lanthanum chloride solution, and oscillating in a shaking table for 24 hours; centrifugally washing the solid for 3 times, drying and grinding; the specific surface area of the obtained lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm. (5) Adding the prepared graphene oxide and lanthanum modified inorganic nano material into a container according to a certain weight part ratio, adding water until the mass fraction of the composite material is 30%, stirring and reacting for 2 hours under the magnetic stirring condition of 900r/min, filtering and removing supernatant, drying the solid in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a powdery ecological water purifying agent;
(6) mixing 95 parts by weight of ecological water purifying agent (5 parts by weight of graphene oxide and 90 parts by weight of lanthanum modified inorganic nano material) and 5 parts by weight of denitrifying bacteria agent according to a certain weight part ratio to obtain the water quality stabilizer. The number of viable bacteria in each ton of denitrifying bacteria agent is 2.8 multiplied by 1014The strains are screened and cultured in nature, the applicable pH is 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature is 10-60 ℃, the maximum salinity tolerance is 40 per mill, and the strains have certain resistance to chloride, cyanide and heavy metal.
Effects of the embodiment
The turbidity of the test water used in this example was 9.7NTU, the total phosphorus concentration was 0.82mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was 4.94 mg/L.
Preparing 3 glass reactors, adding 10L of test water into each reactor, adding the water quality stabilizer prepared in the examples 1 to 3 according to the proportion of 1 per mill of water, and detecting the turbidity of the water body, the total phosphorus and the ammonia nitrogen within 30 days, wherein the experimental data are shown in the following table 1. The curves generated from the experimental data are shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3.
TABLE 1
In conclusion, the water quality stabilizer prepared by the preparation method can effectively remove the ammonia nitrogen content and the phosphorus content in water, and is beneficial to purifying water quality.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
and (3) graphene oxide: 0-20 parts of a solvent;
lanthanum-modified inorganic nano-material: 70-90 parts;
denitrifying bacteria agent: 5-10 parts;
the graphene oxide is prepared by oxidizing natural graphite according to a Hummers method, and the thickness of a sheet layer of the graphene oxide is 0.766-0.896 nm; the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is prepared from one or more of lanthanum chloride modified sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powder, wherein the specific surface area of the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm.
2. The novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the denitrifying bacteria agent, the number of viable bacteria per ton is 2.8 multiplied by 1014The strains are screened and cultured in nature, the applicable pH is 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature is 10-60 ℃, and the maximum salinity tolerance is 40 per mill.
3. The novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 1 is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of graphene oxide, 80 parts of lanthanum modified inorganic nano material and 5 parts of denitrifying bacteria agent, wherein the weight ratio of sodium bentonite, kieselguhr and zeolite powder in the lanthanum modified inorganic nano material is 6:2: 2.
4. A preparation method of a novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing graphene oxide: preparing graphene oxide by using natural graphite as a raw material according to a Hummers method, and drying and grinding the graphene oxide;
(2) heat treatment of bentonite and diatomite: calcining a certain amount of sodium bentonite and diatomite at 450 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to room temperature;
(3) heat treatment of zeolite powder: weighing a certain amount of natural zeolite powder, activating the natural zeolite powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃, and cooling to room temperature;
(4) preparing a lanthanum modified inorganic nano material: weighing one or more of the heat-treated sodium bentonite, diatomite and zeolite powder, dissolving in 300mL of water, magnetically stirring for 1 hour, and swelling for 24 hours; adjusting the pH value to 7 by using dilute hydrochloric acid, dropwise adding 10mL of 10% lanthanum chloride solution, and oscillating in a shaking table for 24 hours; centrifugally washing the solid for 3 times, drying and grinding;
(5) adding the prepared graphene oxide and lanthanum modified inorganic nano material into a container according to a certain weight part ratio, adding water until the mass fraction of the composite material is 30%, stirring and reacting for 2 hours under the magnetic stirring condition of 900r/min, filtering and removing supernatant, drying the solid in a vacuum oven at 70 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a powdery ecological water purifying agent;
(6) and mixing the ecological water purifying agent and the denitrifying bacteria agent according to a certain weight part ratio to obtain the water quality stabilizer.
5. The preparation method of the novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the graphene oxide layer prepared in the step (1) is 0.766-0.896 nm.
6. The preparation method of the novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano-material prepared in the step (4) has a specific surface area of 300-420 m2(ii)/g, the particle diameter is 80 to 120 nm.
7. The preparation method of the novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein in the step (5), the weight part of the graphene oxide is 0-20, the weight part of the lanthanum-modified inorganic nano material is 70-90, and the weight part of the denitrifying bacteria agent is 5-10.
8. The method for preparing the novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein the number of viable bacteria in the denitrifying bacteria agent in the step (6) is 2.8 x 1014The strain per ton contains the strain with the applicable pH of 5.5-9.5, the applicable temperature of 10-60 ℃ and the salinity tolerance of 0-40 per mill.
9. The preparation method of the novel riverway and lake water quality stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein the sodium bentonite, the diatomite and the zeolite powder are weighed in the step (4), and the weight ratio of the sodium bentonite, the diatomite and the zeolite powder is 6:2: 2.
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