CN110757213A - Multi-station vertical machining center four-axis hydraulic clamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center, which comprises a rotary worktable arranged on a machine tool worktable, wherein the rotary worktable is provided with positioning and clamping components and pre-positioning components, and the pre-positioning components are respectively connected between two adjacent positioning and clamping components and between the rotary worktable and the adjacent positioning and clamping components. The invention relates to a four-axis hydraulic clamp of a vertical machining center, wherein a workpiece is vertically arranged, a Y-axis positioning surface is constructed by three points in four process positioning surfaces of the workpiece, the limitation of 6 degrees of freedom is realized, an auxiliary support is arranged, the machining stability is improved, a spring positioning pin assembly is adopted to determine the axis position of the workpiece X, Z, and a clamp is arranged at the corresponding positions of a positioning point and the auxiliary support point to clamp the workpiece.

Description

Four-axis hydraulic fixture for multi-station vertical machining center

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic clamps, in particular to a four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center.

Background technique

The existing processing method is generally a single-station machining center hydraulic fixture, the workpiece is placed horizontally, and the surface-pin positioning is adopted. The fixture can only process one workpiece at a time, which is difficult to improve the processing efficiency, and the overall volume and weight are large; the fixture has no reliable pre-positioning for the X, Y, and Z axes of the workpiece, and manual alignment is required when placing the workpiece, which is difficult to place. , it is easy to cause the workpiece to be unable to be accurately positioned; because there is no reliable pre-positioning, the vertical direction of the fixture (Z axis) requires a large space, resulting in a large stroke of the clamp.

In the process of R&D and design, our company has experienced many difficulties:

First, push the push-pull cylinder to move the right clamping assembly to the left, contact the pre-positioning assembly, drive the pre-positioning assembly to move left together, contact the positioning assembly, drive the positioning assembly to move left together, push from right to left once, and pass when loosening. The chain drives the return position, but this scheme has the following problems: 1. The stroke of the push-pull cylinder is large; 2. There is an error in the thickness of the workpiece blank, and the accumulated error will lead to poor machining accuracy; 3. The oil circuit needs to be set with an open pipe.

Then, push the push-pull cylinder to push the right clamping assembly, and drive the remaining three clamping assemblies to move left simultaneously through the T-shaped guide rail. After moving a certain distance, it contacts the pre-positioning assembly, which drives the pre-positioning assembly to move to the left together to the positioning assembly, and clamps the cylinder. The workpiece is clamped with the auxiliary support; when loosening, the push-pull cylinder first drives the clamping component to move to the right, and after moving a certain distance, it drives the pre-positioning component to move to the right together, but this solution has the following problems: 1. The T-shaped guide rail is too long, which is difficult to process. 2. The oil distribution is cumbersome, which affects the response speed of the oil cylinder; 3. Affected by the workpiece blank error, each group of three push rods cannot touch the workpiece at the same time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center includes a rotary table installed on the machine tool table, and the rotary table is equipped with a positioning clamping assembly, a pre-positioning assembly, a pre-positioning assembly is connected between two adjacent positioning and clamping assemblies and between the rotary table and the adjacent positioning and clamping assemblies;

The rotary table includes a turntable, a tailstock, a positioning assembly, a clamping assembly, a bridge plate, a rotary joint and a T-shaped guide rail. A bridge plate is connected between the turntable and the tailstock, and the positioning assembly, clamping assembly, T-shaped guide rail, the positioning component is fixed on the inner side of the tailstock, the clamping component is fixed on the inner side of the turntable, the clamping component is connected with the rotary joint, and the rotary joint is located on the outer side of the turntable;

The positioning assembly includes several sets of positioning seats, spring positioning pin assemblies, and auxiliary supports;

The clamping assembly includes several main clamping cylinders, auxiliary clamping cylinders, and push-pull cylinders;

The positioning and clamping assembly includes a positioning assembly, a clamping assembly and a clamping and positioning substrate, one side of the clamping and positioning substrate is installed with the positioning assembly, and the other side is installed with the clamping assembly;

The spring locating pin assembly includes an adjustment pad, an adjustment washer, a locating pin base, a locating taper pin, a set screw 1, a nut 1 and a spring 1. A spring 1 is installed in the locating pin base. Through the set screw 1 and the nut 1 on the side, an adjustment washer and an adjustment pad are arranged on the outside of the positioning pin base, and the adjustment washer is located between the positioning pin base and the adjustment pad;

The pre-positioning component includes a moving base plate, an X-axis limit plate, a Y-axis limit plate, a Z-axis limit assembly and a push-pull block. The X-axis limit plate, Z-axis limit assembly, push-pull block, and Y-axis limit are installed on the mobile base plate. The limit plate is connected with the X-axis limit plate, the pre-positioning component is connected with the push-pull oil cylinder, and the bottom of the mobile substrate is slidably connected with the rotary table through the T-shaped guide rail;

The Z-axis limit assembly includes a base, a pin, a top block, a screw, a second set screw, a second nut and a second spring. The inner cavity of the bottom of the pin is installed with the second spring, and the bottom of the pin is installed in the base and is tightened The second screw and the second nut are limited, and the top of the pin is sleeved with a top block through the screw.

Further, the bridge plate is positioned by the pin shaft, and the bolts are closed, and are respectively connected with the positioning assembly and the clamping assembly.

Further, a limiting block is arranged on the positioning substrate.

Further, the positioning assembly is fixed on the inner side of the tailstock through the positioning base plate, the positioning base, the spring positioning pin assembly and the positioning base plate are connected by bolts, and the auxiliary support is threadedly connected with the positioning base plate.

Further, the clamping assembly is fixed on the inner side of the turntable through the clamping base plate, the main clamping oil cylinder and the auxiliary clamping oil cylinder are installed on the clamping oil cylinder base, and the clamping oil cylinder base, the push-pull oil cylinder and the clamping base plate are connected by bolts.

Further, the adjusting pad and the adjusting shim form an L-shape.

Further, the X-axis limit plate and the Z-axis limit assembly are connected to the moving base plate through bolts.

Further, the push-pull block is positioned through the pin shaft, and the bolt is closed to connect with the moving base plate.

Further, the Y-axis limit plate is connected to the X-axis limit plate through bolts.

The invention is a four-axis hydraulic fixture of a vertical machining center, the workpiece is placed vertically, the Y-axis positioning surface is constructed by using three points in the four process positioning surfaces of the workpiece, the limitation of 6 degrees of freedom is realized, and the auxiliary support is provided to improve the processing stability. The position of the X and Z axes of the workpiece is determined by the spring positioning pin assembly, and the clamp is set at the corresponding position of the positioning point and the auxiliary support point to clamp the workpiece. The fixture can process multiple workpieces at a time, and one stop to clamp multiple workpieces, which greatly saves the preparation time. Especially during the processing process, the machining center can process multiple workpieces with one tool change, which reduces the non-processing time and greatly improves the work. Efficiency, two adjacent stations share a mounting plate, which not only reduces the size of the fixture, but also reduces the weight of the fixture; the fixture is specially equipped with movable pre-positioning components, which can reliably perform X, Y, and Z axes of the workpiece. The limit of the workpiece, and enough space is reserved for the placement of the workpiece. After the workpiece is placed, the pre-positioning component drives the workpiece to move to the positioning surface. Accuracy; because of the reliable pre-positioning, the workpiece can be installed without excessive space, thereby reducing the stroke of the clamp. It has obvious effect on reducing the processing cycle of a single piece.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a front view of the rotary table;

Figure 4 is a top view of the rotary table;

Figure 5 is a front view of the positioning assembly;

Figure 6 is a top view of the positioning assembly;

Figure 7 is a front view of the clamping assembly;

Figure 8 is a top view of the clamping assembly;

Figure 9 is a front view of the positioning and clamping assembly;

Figure 10 is a left side view of the positioning and clamping assembly;

Figure 11 is a right side view of the positioning and clamping assembly;

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the spring positioning pin assembly;

Figure 13 is a top view of the spring positioning pin assembly;

Figure 14 is a front view of the pre-positioning assembly;

Figure 15 is a top view of the pre-positioning assembly;

Figure 16 is a front view of the Z-axis limit assembly;

Figure 17 is a top view of the Z-axis limit assembly;

Figure 18 is a sectional view of the Z-axis limit assembly.

Among them: 1. Machine tool table, 2. Rotary table, 3. Positioning and clamping assembly, 4. Pre-positioning assembly, 5. Turntable, 6. Tailstock, 7. Positioning assembly, 8. Clamping assembly, 9. Bridge Plate, 10, Rotary joint, 11, T-rail, 12, Positioning base plate, 13, Positioning seat, 14, Spring positioning pin assembly, 15, Auxiliary support, 16, Limit block, 17, Clamping base plate, 18, Main Clamping Cylinder, 19, Auxiliary Clamping Cylinder, 20, Push-Pull Cylinder, 21, Clamping Cylinder Base, 22, Clamping and Positioning Base Plate, 23, Push-Pull Block, 24, Base, 25, Pin, 26, Top Block, 27 , screw, 28, set screw two, 29, nut two, 30, spring two, 31, whole spacer, 32, adjusting washer, 33, positioning pin base, 34, positioning taper pin, 35, set screw one , 36, nut one, 37, spring one, 38, mobile substrate, 39, X-axis limit plate, 40, Y-axis limit plate, 41, Z-axis limit components.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 18, the four-axis hydraulic fixture of the multi-station vertical machining center includes a rotary table 2 installed on the machine table 1, and a positioning and clamping assembly 3 is installed on the rotary table 2. Pre-positioning Assembly 4, a pre-positioning assembly 4 is connected between two adjacent positioning and clamping assemblies 3 and between the rotary table 2 and the adjacent positioning and clamping assemblies 3;

The rotary table 2 includes a turntable 5, a tailstock 6, a positioning assembly 7, a clamping assembly 8, a bridge plate 9, a rotary joint 10 and a T-shaped guide rail 11. A bridge plate 9 is connected between the turntable 5 and the tailstock 6, and the bridge plate The positioning assembly 7, the clamping assembly 8 and the T-shaped guide rail 11 are fixedly installed on the 9. The positioning assembly 7 is fixed on the inner side of the tailstock 6, the clamping assembly 8 is fixed on the inner side of the turntable 5, and the clamping assembly 8 is connected with the rotary joint 10. , and its rotation is restricted by the turntable 5, and oil is supplied to the clamping assembly 8; the rotary joint 10 is located on the outside of the turntable 5; it provides a mounting base for the positioning and clamping assembly 3 and the pre-positioning assembly 4, and provides a mounting base for the positioning and clamping assembly 3 oil supply;

The positioning assembly 7 includes several groups of positioning seats 13, spring positioning pin assemblies 14, and auxiliary supports 15; the specific quantity, placement position and direction of the group positioning seats 13, spring positioning pin assemblies 14, and auxiliary supports 15 are determined by the actual situation of the workpiece; The positioning assembly 7 is positioned by the pin shaft, and the bolt handle is connected with the tailstock 6;

The clamping assembly 8 includes several main clamping oil cylinders 18, auxiliary clamping oil cylinders 19, and push-pull oil cylinders 20; Determined; the clamping assembly 8 is positioned by the pin shaft, and the bolt handle is connected to the turntable 5;

The positioning and clamping assembly 3 includes a positioning assembly 7, a clamping assembly 8 and a clamping and positioning base plate 22, one side of the clamping and positioning base plate 22 is installed with the positioning assembly 7, and the other side is installed with the clamping assembly 8;

The spring positioning pin assembly 14 includes an adjustment pad 31 , an adjustment washer 32 , a positioning pin base 33 , a positioning taper pin 34 , a set screw 1 35 , a nut 1 36 and a spring 1 37 , and a spring 1 37 is installed in the locating pin base 33 , the top of the spring one 37 is sheathed with a positioning taper pin 34 and is limited by the set screw one 35 and nut one 36 on the side, and the outside of the positioning pin base 33 is provided with an adjustment washer 32 and an adjustment pad block 31, and the adjustment washer 32 is located in between the positioning pin base 33 and the adjusting pad 31;

The pre-positioning assembly 4 includes a moving base plate 38 , an X-axis limit plate 39 , a Y-axis limit plate 40 , a Z-axis limit assembly 41 and a push-pull block 23 . The positioning assembly 41, the push-pull block 23, the Y-axis limit plate 40 is connected with the X-axis limit plate 39, the pre-positioning assembly 4 is connected with the push-pull cylinder 20, and the bottom of the mobile base plate 38 is slidably connected with the rotary table 2 through the T-shaped guide rail 11; The specific number and placement of the X-axis limit plate 39, the Y-axis limit plate 40, the Z-axis limit assembly 41, and the push-pull block 23 are determined by the actual situation of the workpiece;

The Z-axis limit assembly 41 includes the base 24, the pin 25, the top block 26, the screw 27, the second set screw 28, the second nut 29 and the second spring 30. The inner cavity of the bottom of the pin 25 is installed with the second spring 30. The bottom of the pin 25 is installed in the base 24 and is limited by the second set screw 28 and the second nut 29 , and the top of the pin shaft 25 is fitted with a top block 26 through the screw 27 .

The bridge plate 9 is positioned by the pin shaft, the bolts are closed, and are respectively connected with the positioning assembly 7 and the clamping assembly 8, and the clamping assembly 8 supplies oil to it.

A limiting block 16 is provided on the positioning substrate 12 .

The positioning assembly 7 is fixed on the inner side of the tailstock 6 through the positioning base plate 12 , the positioning base 13 , the spring positioning pin assembly 14 and the positioning base plate 12 are connected by bolts, and the auxiliary support 15 is screwed with the positioning base plate 12 .

The clamping assembly 8 is fixed on the inner side of the turntable 5 through the clamping base plate 17 , the main clamping cylinder 18 and the auxiliary clamping cylinder 19 are installed on the clamping cylinder base 21 , the clamping cylinder base 21 , the push-pull cylinder 20 and the clamping base plate 17 Connected by bolts.

The adjustment pad 31 and the adjustment spacer 32 form an L-shape.

The X-axis limit plate 39 and the Z-axis limit assembly 41 are connected to the moving base plate 38 by bolts.

The push-pull block 23 is positioned by the pin shaft, and the bolts are closed to connect with the moving base plate 38 .

The Y-axis limit plate 40 is connected to the X-axis limit plate 39 by bolts.

The rotary table 2 is positioned by keys, and the bolts are closed, and fixed on the machine table 1; the positioning and clamping components 3 are positioned by pins, and the bolts are closed, and fixed on the rotary table 2; On the rotary table 2 , the T-shaped guide rail 11 determines the Y and Z axes of the pre-positioning components 4 , and the X axis moves under the action of the push-pull oil cylinder 20 .

The rotary table 2 and the positioning and clamping assembly 3 are fixed, and the pre-positioning assembly 4 moves along the X-axis direction. All hydraulic components are retracted to the initial state of the fixture, and the workpiece is placed on the pre-positioning assembly 4. At this time, the clamp starts to act. First, the push-pull cylinder 20 pushes the pre-positioning assembly 4 to drive the workpiece to the limit block 16. The spring positioning pin assembly 14 pairs Positioning the workpiece; then the main clamping cylinder 18 mainly clamps the workpiece to determine the positioning of the workpiece; then the auxiliary support 15 is raised to support the workpiece; and the auxiliary clamping cylinder 19 assists the workpiece to improve processing stability.

In the whole process of R&D and design, our company has overcome many difficulties, and after a lot of trial production and improvement, the technical scheme of the present invention has been formed, and it has paid arduous creative work.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center is characterized in that it comprises a rotary table (2) installed on the machine tool table (1), and a positioning clamping assembly (2) is installed on the rotary table (2). 3), the pre-positioning assembly (4), a pre-positioning is connected between two adjacent positioning and clamping assemblies (3) and between the rotary table (2) and the adjacent positioning and clamping assemblies (3). component(4); The rotary table (2) includes a turntable (5), a tailstock (6), a positioning assembly (7), a clamping assembly (8), a bridge plate (9), a rotary joint (10) and a T-shaped guide rail (11), A bridge plate (9) is connected between the turntable (5) and the tailstock (6), and a positioning assembly (7), a clamping assembly (8), and a T-shaped guide rail (11) are fixedly installed on the bridge plate (9) for positioning The assembly (7) is fixed on the inner side of the tailstock (6), the clamping assembly (8) is fixed on the inner side of the turntable (5), the clamping assembly (8) is connected with the rotary joint (10), and the rotary joint (10) is located on the turntable (5) outside; The positioning assembly (7) includes several sets of positioning seats (13), a spring positioning pin assembly (14), and an auxiliary support (15); The clamping assembly (8) includes a plurality of main clamping oil cylinders (18), auxiliary clamping oil cylinders (19), and push-pull oil cylinders (20); The positioning and clamping assembly (3) includes a positioning assembly (7), a clamping assembly (8) and a clamping and positioning substrate (22). One side of the clamping and positioning substrate (22) is provided with the positioning assembly (7), and the other side is provided with the positioning assembly (7). A clamping assembly (8) is installed; The spring positioning pin assembly (14) includes an adjustment pad (31), an adjustment washer (32), a positioning pin base (33), a positioning taper pin (34), a set screw (35), a nut (36) and Spring one (37), a spring one (37) is installed in the positioning pin base (33), a positioning taper pin (34) is sleeved on the top of the spring one (37), and the set screw one (35) and the nut one ( 36) Limit, the outer side of the positioning pin base (33) is provided with an adjustment washer (32) and an adjustment pad (31), and the adjustment washer (32) is located between the positioning pin base (33) and the adjustment pad (31). between; The pre-positioning assembly (4) includes a moving base plate (38), an X-axis limit plate (39), a Y-axis limit plate (40), a Z-axis limit assembly (41) and a push-pull block (23), and the moving base plate (38) ) is installed with the X-axis limit plate (39), the Z-axis limit assembly (41), the push-pull block (23), the Y-axis limit plate (40) is connected with the X-axis limit plate (39), and the pre-positioning assembly (4) is connected with the push-pull oil cylinder (20), and the bottom of the mobile base plate (38) is slidably connected with the rotary table (2) through the T-shaped guide rail (11); The Z-axis limit assembly (41) includes a base (24), a pin (25), a top block (26), a screw (27), a second set screw (28), a second nut (29) and a second spring (30) , the bottom cavity of the pin shaft (25) is installed with a spring two (30), and the bottom of the pin shaft (25) is installed in the base (24) and is limited by the second set screw (28) and the second nut (29), The top of the pin shaft (25) is sheathed with a top block (26) through a screw (27). 2. The four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1, wherein the bridge plate (9) is positioned by the pin shaft, and the bolts are closed, and are respectively connected with the positioning assembly (7), The clamping assembly (8) is connected. 3 . The four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1 , wherein a limit block ( 16 ) is arranged on the positioning base plate ( 12 ). 4 . 4. The four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1, wherein the positioning assembly (7) is fixed to the inner side of the tailstock (6) through the positioning base plate (12), and the positioning The seat (13), the spring positioning pin assembly (14) and the positioning base plate (12) are connected by bolts, and the auxiliary support (15) is screwed with the positioning base plate (12). 5. The multi-station vertical machining center four-axis hydraulic clamp according to claim 1, wherein the clamping assembly (8) is fixed to the inner side of the turntable (5) by clamping the base plate (17), The main clamping oil cylinder (18) and the auxiliary clamping oil cylinder (19) are installed on the clamping oil cylinder base (21), and the clamping oil cylinder base (21), the push-pull oil cylinder (20) and the clamping base plate (17) are connected by bolts . 6 . The four-axis hydraulic clamp for a multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1 , wherein the adjusting pad ( 31 ) and the adjusting washer ( 32 ) form an L-shape. 7 . 7. The four-axis hydraulic clamp of a multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1, wherein the X-axis limit plate (39) and the Z-axis limit assembly (41) are connected with each other by bolts The mobile base plate (38) is connected. 8 . The four-axis hydraulic clamp for multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1 , wherein the push-pull block ( 23 ) is positioned by a pin shaft, and bolts are closed to connect with the moving base plate ( 38 ). 9 . 9 . The four-axis hydraulic clamp for a multi-station vertical machining center according to claim 1 , wherein the Y-axis limit plate (40) is connected to the X-axis limit plate (39) through bolts. 10 . .

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