CN110756747A - Piston ring sand mold forming method - Google Patents
Piston ring sand mold forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110756747A CN110756747A CN201911197694.1A CN201911197694A CN110756747A CN 110756747 A CN110756747 A CN 110756747A CN 201911197694 A CN201911197694 A CN 201911197694A CN 110756747 A CN110756747 A CN 110756747A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/28—Compacting by different means acting simultaneously or successively, e.g. preliminary blowing and finally pressing
- B22C15/30—Compacting by different means acting simultaneously or successively, e.g. preliminary blowing and finally pressing by both pressing and jarring devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C17/00—Moulding machines characterised by the mechanism for separating the pattern from the mould or for turning over the flask or the pattern plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/14—Equipment for storing or handling the dressed mould material, forming part of a plant for preparing such material
- B22C5/16—Equipment for storing or handling the dressed mould material, forming part of a plant for preparing such material with conveyors or other equipment for feeding the material
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile part casting, and particularly relates to a piston ring sand mold forming method, which comprises the following steps: distributing the molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand into a hopper by adopting a conveying device; filling molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand in the hopper into a mold frame above the template, and scraping the surface of the molding sand; transferring a pressing plate of the vibrating extrusion molding machine to the upper part of the membrane plate; a hydraulic cylinder below the template is driven to lift upwards, so that the molding sand in the template frame is extruded by the pressing plate; a hydraulic cylinder below the template is driven to descend, so that the template is separated from the pressing plate; separating the mold frame and the sand mold formed in the mold frame from the template by using the mold opening assembly; taking down the sand mold together with the mold frame from the template and transferring the sand mold to a low mold; and repeating the steps, stacking the plurality of prepared sand molds together, manufacturing a top mold with a pouring gate, placing the top mold on the uppermost layer of each sand mold, and finishing the manufacturing of the sand molds. The invention improves the molding efficiency of the sand mold; the redundant control process is avoided, and the response speed is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile part casting, and particularly relates to a piston ring sand mold forming method.
Background
The manufacturing of such small-size spare part of piston ring generally adopts the mode of stack mould casting to process in order to improve production efficiency, is about to fold together the polylith sand mould to make the die cavity of each sand mould communicate each other through the runner, thereby realize the purpose of a plurality of sand moulds of once pouring, this just requires that the mill must have efficient sand mould molding speed just can go up the pouring production demand more. However, the sand mold molding process in the prior art basically adopts manual operation, the molding process needs to manually place the mold frame, the extension frame and other components on the template of the molding machine, then the molding sand is put on the template and the surface of the molding sand is strickleed off, the press is restarted to extrude the molding sand, and after the sand mold molding, the components such as the extension frame and the mold frame are still needed to be manually removed, so that the production efficiency is low, and the actual production requirements cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a piston ring sand mold forming method capable of effectively improving sand mold forming efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a piston ring sand mold forming method comprises the following steps:
1) distributing the molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand into a hopper by adopting a conveying device;
2) filling molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand in the hopper into a mold frame above the template, and scraping the surface of the molding sand;
3) transferring a pressing plate of the vibrating extrusion molding machine to the upper part of the membrane plate;
4) a hydraulic cylinder below the template is driven to lift upwards, so that the molding sand in the template frame is extruded by the pressing plate;
5) a hydraulic cylinder below the template is driven to descend, so that the template is separated from the pressing plate;
6) separating the mold frame and the sand mold formed in the mold frame from the template by using the mold opening assembly;
7) taking down the sand mold together with the mold frame from the template and transferring the sand mold to a low mold;
8) repeating the steps 2) -7), stacking the prepared sand moulds together,
9) and (4) manufacturing a top die with a pouring gate, placing the top die on the uppermost layer of each sand mold, and finishing the manufacturing of the sand molds.
The step 1) is implemented by adopting the following devices: conveyor includes the striker plate that sets up on conveyer belt and the conveyer belt, the striker plate upset sets up in the frame, is equipped with the cylinder that is used for driving the striker plate upset in the frame, and cylinder drive striker plate removes between following two stations: in the first station, the bottom edge of the baffle plate is attached to the belt surface of the conveying belt, and the baffle plate is obliquely arranged relative to the length direction of the conveying belt when viewed in the vertical direction; and a second station, wherein the material baffle plate is separated from the belt surface of the conveying belt; when the hopper does not need to feed, the material baffle is positioned at the second station, and when the hopper needs to feed, the air cylinder drives the material baffle to be switched to the first station from the second station.
In step 2), an extension frame is further arranged above the mold frame, and the top surface of the molding sand is ensured to be flush with the top surface of the extension frame when the molding sand is strickled off.
In step 3), the pressing plate is arranged on a swing arm which swings along a vertical axis, and the specific method for transferring the pressing plate of the vibration extrusion molding machine to the position above the membrane plate comprises the following steps: the swing arm is driven to swing until the pressing plate is opposite to the template along the vertical direction.
The step 6) is implemented by adopting the following devices: the die frame and the extension frame are respectively connected with the diaphragm plate in a sliding mode in the vertical direction, the die plate, the die frame and the extension frame are sequentially connected from bottom to top in a blocking mode, the die frame and the extension frame are folded with the die plate under the condition that the self gravity of the die frame and the extension frame is the most used in a normal state, and the die frame and the extension frame can be driven to synchronously move upwards when the hydraulic cylinder drives the die plate to move upwards; the die sinking assembly is assembled to be capable of respectively driving the die frame and the extension frame to execute the following actions in the following four strokes which are sequentially divided from top to bottom when the hydraulic cylinder drives the die plate to descend: in the first stroke, the mold frame and the extension frame synchronously descend with the mold plate under the action of self gravity; in the second stroke, the die sinking assembly blocks the extension frame to stop the extension frame from descending, and the die frame continues to descend synchronously with the diaphragm; in the third stroke, the die opening assembly simultaneously stops the extension frame and the die frame to stop descending; and in the fourth stroke, the mold opening assembly releases the blocking of the extension frame and the mold frame, so that the extension frame and the mold frame are folded with the film plate again under the action of self gravity.
The die sinking assembly comprises a first piston cylinder, a second piston cylinder and a linkage control valve which are vertically arranged, the cylinder bodies of the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder relatively, the piston rod of the first piston cylinder is fixedly connected with the edge of an extension frame, the piston rod of the second piston cylinder is detachably connected with the edge of a die frame, the linkage control valve comprises a valve shell and a cylindrical valve core which is in sliding fit with the valve shell along the vertical direction, the upper end and the lower end of the valve core are respectively provided with a second ring groove and a first ring groove, the valve shell is provided with a first air inlet hole, a second air inlet hole, a first air outlet hole and a second air outlet hole, the first air inlet hole is communicated with a rodless cavity of the first piston cylinder, the second air inlet hole is communicated with a rodless cavity of the second; a first air inlet branch hole is formed in the first air inlet hole, and a second air inlet branch hole is formed in the second air inlet hole; the case and the relative rigid coupling of template, first inlet port, second inlet port, first branch hole of admitting air, second branch hole of admitting air, first venthole and second venthole are set up as: when the template is in a first stroke, the first air inlet hole, the second air inlet hole and the first air outlet hole are communicated with the first annular groove; when the template is in a second stroke, the first air inlet hole is disconnected with the first annular groove, and the second air inlet hole and the first air outlet hole are communicated with the first annular groove; when the template is in a third stroke, the first air inlet hole and the second air inlet hole are disconnected with the first annular groove; when the template is in a fourth stroke, the first air inlet branch hole, the second air inlet branch hole and the second air outlet hole are communicated with the second annular groove; the rod cavities of the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are communicated with the atmosphere, the rodless cavities of the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are further provided with air inlet pipelines, and the air inlet pipelines are provided with check valves which can enable air to flow into the rodless cavities and can prevent air from flowing out of the rodless cavities.
The steps 4) to 6) further comprise the forming of a longitudinal pouring channel, wherein the forming of the longitudinal pouring channel is implemented by adopting the following devices: draw together the stem that is used for vertical watering of shaping sand mould, the stem includes split type setting last stem and lower stem, go up stem and clamp plate bottom surface rigid coupling, stem is along vertical direction and template sliding connection down, and is equipped with the elastic unit down between stem and the template, and under the normality, lower stem upwards pops out under the effect of elastic unit, and the top surface of this time stem and the top surface parallel and level of the frame that extends of state fold down, when template and clamp plate fold, lower stem shrink downwards under the extrusion of last stem and the butt face parallel and level of parting face of the level of this moment stem and lower stem.
A locking device is arranged between the lower core column and the template, and the locking device is assembled to lock the lower core column in a contraction state when the lower core column is extruded to the contraction state by the upper core column; the template is also provided with an unlocking device which is assembled to release the locking device so that the lower core column can be ejected upwards again.
The locking device comprises an annular groove formed in the lower core column and a clamping plate arranged in the template in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, a through hole for the lower core column to penetrate through and a clamping groove connected with the through hole along the sliding direction of the clamping plate are formed in the clamping plate, the width of the clamping groove is larger than the diameter of the annular groove and smaller than the diameter of the lower core column, a horizontal pressure spring is arranged between the clamping plate and the template, and the horizontal pressure spring is assembled to enable the clamping plate to slide from the end where the clamping groove is located to the end where the through hole is located; when the lower core column is extruded to a shrinkage state by the upper core column, the annular groove is horizontally aligned with the clamping plate, and the clamping plate enables the clamping groove to be inserted into the annular groove under the action of the pressure spring; unlocking device includes the pull rod with the cardboard rigid coupling, horizontal direction and template sliding connection are followed to the pull rod, the pull rod keep away from the cardboard one end to the piston rod position protruding of second piston cylinder is set up, and this end is equipped with the wedge, be equipped with on the piston rod of second piston cylinder with wedge matched with wedge drive block, wedge and wedge drive block are assembled for can drive wedge horizontal translation when template motion is terminal to the third journey, and the wedge drives the through-hole that pull rod and cardboard slip messenger cardboard and is just right with lower stem.
The molding sand is prepared by the following method: the weight portions are as follows: raw materials of 120-150 portions of crude sand, 40-55 portions of old sand, 4-6 portions of adhesive, 6-10 portions of water and 12-15 portions of coal powder are mixed and uniformly stirred, and the adhesive is clay or synthetic resin.
The invention has the technical effects that: according to the invention, the automatic feeding of the molding sand is realized by utilizing the conveying belt and the material baffle plate, and the automatic molding of the sand mold is realized by utilizing the vibration extrusion molding machine, so that the molding efficiency of the sand mold is improved; the mold opening assembly designed by the invention can automatically separate the mold frame, the extension frame and the template in the mold opening process, so that an operator can take down the sand mold conveniently, and the production efficiency is further improved; different from the traditional discharging mode, the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are driven by high-pressure air sources, and are lifted or stopped at a specified position by utilizing the movement of the template, so that the equipment cost is reduced, a redundant control process is avoided, and the response speed is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a piston ring sand mold forming system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a piston ring sand molding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a piston ring sand molding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of a piston ring sand mold forming die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a plan view of a piston ring sand mold forming die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part i of fig. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial view of II of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial view of III of FIG. 6;
fig. 10 is a perspective view showing a closed state of a piston ring sand mold forming die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a sectional view of the state shown in fig. 10;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial view of IV of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial view of V of FIG. 11;
fig. 14 is a perspective view of a piston ring sand mold forming die according to an embodiment of the present invention in a third stroke;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the state shown in FIG. 14;
fig. 16 is a sectional view of the state shown in fig. 14;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged partial view VI of FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is an enlarged partial view of VII of FIG. 16;
FIG. 19 is an enlarged fragmentary view of VIII of FIG. 16;
figure 20 is a top view of a card provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying examples. It is to be understood that the following text is merely illustrative of one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of the invention as specifically claimed.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a piston ring sand mold molding system includes a conveyor belt for conveying molding sand, a hopper 20 for storing the molding sand, and a vibratory extrusion molding machine for extruding the molding sand into a piston ring sand mold; the conveyer belt is located hopper 20 top, the uncovered setting in 20 upper ends of hopper, 20 bottoms of hopper are equipped with discharge door 21, correspond position department on the conveyer belt with hopper 20 and be equipped with striker plate 13, striker plate 13 overturns and sets up in frame 10, is equipped with the cylinder 14 that is used for driving striker plate 13 and overturns on frame 10, and cylinder 14 drives striker plate 13 and removes between following two stations: in the first station, the bottom edge of the baffle plate 13 is attached to the belt surface of the conveying belt, and the baffle plate 13 is obliquely arranged relative to the length direction of the conveying belt when viewed in the vertical direction; and a second station, wherein the material baffle plate 13 is separated from the belt surface of the conveying belt; the vibration extrusion molding machine comprises a template 31 and a pressing plate 32, wherein the pressing plate 32 is positioned above the template 31, a detachable template frame 33 is arranged between the pressing plate 32 and the template 31, the pressing plate 32 is arranged on a swing arm 301 swinging along a vertical axis, the template 31 is arranged on a piston rod of a vertical hydraulic cylinder 30, and the template 31 and a bottom discharge opening of the hopper 20 are arranged in a vertical direction. According to the invention, the automatic feeding of the molding sand is realized by utilizing the conveying belt and the material baffle plate 13, the automatic molding of the sand mold is realized by utilizing the vibration extrusion molding machine, and the molding efficiency of the sand mold is improved.
Further, the conveyor belt comprises a front section and a rear section, wherein the belt surface of the front section of the conveyor belt 111 is higher than the belt surface of the rear section of the conveyor belt 112, and cooling fans 15 are arranged above and at the tail end of the front section of the conveyor belt 111. Because there is the old sand of reuse in the molding sand, and old sand temperature is higher, consequently scalded when avoiding operating personnel to pack the sand, this embodiment has set up cooling fan 15 on molding sand delivery path, when reducing the molding sand temperature, has improved molding sand circulation efficiency.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the striker plate 13 includes a first striker plate and a second striker plate which are arranged in a shape of a Chinese character 'yi', the striker plate 13 is made of an elastic material, the striker plate 13 is installed on a Chinese character 'yi' shaped support 12, the Chinese character 'yi' shaped support 12 is hinged to the frame 10, a cylinder body of the cylinder 14 is hinged to the frame 10, and a piston rod of the cylinder 14 is hinged to the Chinese character 'yi' shaped support 12. Tip wearing and tearing appear easily when keeping off sand in unilateral striker plate 13, and this embodiment is into the font with two striker plates 13 and arranges, and back side striker plate 13 can mend the position guide to the molding sand that front side striker plate 13 front end was left out, makes the molding sand fully get into hopper 20 in, ensures to add sand efficiency.
Preferably, the discharge door 21 includes two fan-shaped side walls and an arc-shaped bottom wall connecting the two fan-shaped side walls, the two fan-shaped side walls are hinged to the outer wall of the discharge opening at the bottom of the hopper 20, the arc-shaped bottom wall and the discharge opening are arranged oppositely, and the discharge door 21 is provided with a discharge handle 22.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 to 19, an extension frame 34 is further disposed above the mold frame 33, a mold core for molding a mold cavity and a pouring gate is disposed on the top surface of the mold plate 31, the mold frame 33 and the extension frame 34 are respectively connected with the mold plate in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, the mold plate 31, the mold frame 33 and the extension frame 34 are sequentially abutted from bottom to top, the mold frame 33 and the extension frame 34 are mostly closed with the mold plate 31 under the self gravity in a normal state, and when the mold plate 31 is driven to move upwards by the hydraulic cylinder 30, the mold frame 33 and the extension frame 34 can be driven to move upwards synchronously; the mould opening device further comprises a mould opening component which is assembled to be capable of respectively driving the mould frame 33 and the extension frame 34 to execute the following actions in the following four strokes which are sequentially divided from top to bottom when the hydraulic cylinder 30 drives the mould plate 31 to descend: in the first stroke, the mold frame 33 and the extension frame 34 synchronously descend with the mold plate 31 under the action of self gravity; in the second stroke, the mold opening assembly blocks the extension frame 34 to stop the downward movement of the extension frame 34, and the mold frame 33 continues to move downward synchronously with the film plate; in the third stroke, the mold opening assembly simultaneously blocks the extension frame 34 and the mold frame 33 to stop the downward movement of the extension frame 34 and the mold frame 33; in the fourth stroke, the mold opening assembly releases the blocking of the extension frame 34 and the mold frame 33, so that the extension frame 34 and the mold frame 33 are folded with the film plate again under the action of the self gravity. There is certain compression capacity after the molding sand pressurization, consequently in order to ensure that sand mould shaping rear surface and framed 33 parallel and level, need make the molding sand surpass framed 33 when the sand filling, extend frame 34 and can enclose the molding sand that exceeds the part and keep off, avoid the molding sand unrestrained, can enclose clamp plate 32 when the pressurization simultaneously, do not avoid the molding sand to be extruded from the gap between clamp plate 32 and framed 33. The mold opening assembly designed by the invention can automatically separate the mold frame 33, the extension frame 34 and the template 31 in the mold opening process, so that an operator can take down the sand mold conveniently, and the production efficiency is further improved.
Specifically, the mold opening assembly comprises a first piston cylinder 35, a second piston cylinder 36 and a linkage control valve 37 which are vertically arranged, the cylinder bodies of the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 are fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 30 relatively, the piston rod of the first piston cylinder 35 is fixedly connected with the edge of the extension frame 34, the piston rod of the second piston cylinder 36 is detachably connected with the edge of the die frame 33, the linkage control valve 37 includes a valve housing 371 and a cylindrical valve core 372 slidably engaged with the valve housing 371 in a vertical direction, the upper and lower ends of the valve core 372 are respectively provided with a second ring groove 377 and a first ring groove 378, the valve housing 371 is provided with a first air inlet hole 373, a second air inlet hole 374, a first air outlet hole 376 and a second air outlet hole 375, the first air inlet hole 373 is communicated with a rodless cavity of the first piston cylinder 35, the second air inlet hole 374 is communicated with a rodless cavity of the second piston cylinder 36, and the first air outlet hole 376 and the second air outlet hole 375 are communicated with the atmosphere; a first air inlet branch hole 3731 is formed in the first air inlet hole 373, and a second air inlet branch hole 3741 is formed in the second air inlet hole 374; the valve core 372 is fixedly connected with the mold plate 31, and the first air inlet hole 373, the second air inlet hole 374, the first air inlet branch hole 3731, the second air inlet branch hole 3741, the first air outlet hole 376 and the second air outlet hole 375 are arranged as follows: when the mold plate 31 is in the first stroke, the first air inlet hole 373, the second air inlet hole 374 and the first air outlet hole 376 are communicated with the first annular groove 378; when the template 31 is in the second stroke, the first air inlet holes 373 are disconnected from the first annular groove 378, and the second air inlet holes 374 and the first air outlet holes 376 are communicated with the first annular groove 378; the first and second intake holes 373 and 374 are disconnected from the first annular groove 378 when the die plate 31 is in the third stroke; when the die plate 31 is in the fourth stroke, the first air inlet branch hole 3731, the second air inlet branch hole 3741 and the second air outlet hole 375 are all communicated with the second annular groove 377; the rod cavities of the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 are communicated with the atmosphere, the rodless cavities of the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 are further provided with air inlet pipelines, and the air inlet pipelines are provided with check valves 351 and 361 which can enable air to flow into the rodless cavities and can prevent the air from flowing out of the rodless cavities. Different from the traditional discharging mode, the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 in the invention are not driven by a high-pressure air source, but are lifted or stopped at a specified position by utilizing the movement of the template 31, so that the equipment cost is reduced, a redundant control process is avoided, the response speed is higher, and the specific working principle is as follows: when the hydraulic cylinder 30 starts to drive the template 31 to move downwards in the mold opening process, the linkage control valve 37 is in a state shown in fig. 12, and at the moment, the first air inlet hole 373 and the second air inlet hole 374 are simultaneously communicated with the atmosphere through the first annular groove 378 and the first air outlet hole 376, so that the rodless cavities of the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 can be normally depressurized, and along with the downward movement of the template 31, the extension frame 34 and the mold frame 33 synchronously move downwards by the self gravity and the binding force between the sand mold and the template 31; with the continuous downward movement of the mold plate 31, the first air inlet hole 373 is staggered with the first annular groove 378 of the valve core 372, at this time, the rodless cavity of the first piston cylinder 35 is sealed, and the extension frame 34 cannot continue downward movement; with the continuous descending of the mold plate 31, the second air inlet holes 374 are staggered with the first annular groove 378 of the valve core 372, the rodless cavity of the second piston cylinder 36 is also sealed, the mold frame 33 stops descending, the mold plate 31 continues descending to be separated from the mold frame 33 and the sand mold, at the moment, the mold plate 31 slightly stays, when an operator takes out the mold frame 33 with the sand mold and puts on a new mold frame 33, then the membrane plate descends again, when the first air inlet branch hole 3731 and the second air inlet branch hole 3741 are communicated with the second annular groove 377 of the valve core 372, the rodless cavities of the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 are communicated with the atmosphere again, the rodless cavity is decompressed, the extension frame 34 and the new mold frame 33 are folded with the mold plate 31 under the action of gravity, and the next sand adding is waited. It should be noted that, in the mold clamping process of the mold platen 31 in the present invention, the rodless cavities of the first piston cylinder 35 and the second piston cylinder 36 are mainly filled with air through the air inlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is directly communicated with the atmosphere, and the air inlet pipeline is closed under the action of the check valves 351 and 361 in the mold platen 31 descending process, so that the rodless cavities cannot be decompressed through the air inlet pipeline at this time.
Further, the core column comprises an upper core column 321 and a lower core column 311 which are arranged in a split mode, the upper core column 321 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the pressing plate 32, the lower core column 311 is connected with the template 31 in a sliding mode along the vertical direction, an elastic unit 312 is arranged between the lower core column 311 and the template 31, the lower core column 311 is popped up upwards under the action of the elastic unit 312 in a normal state, the top surface of the lower core column 311 is flush with the top surface of the extension frame 34 in a folding state at the moment, when the template 31 is folded with the pressing plate 32, the lower core column 311 shrinks downwards under the extrusion of the upper core column 321, and the abutting surface of the upper core column 321 and the lower core column 311 is flush with the horizontal split surface of the template frame 33 at the moment. In order to ensure that the longitudinal pouring gate penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the sand mold after the sand mold is formed, the upper end of the core column is required to be at least flush with or higher than the surface of the molding sand during sand filling, and the core column is large in mold opening stroke and not beneficial to mold drawing, the core column is arranged into a split type structure, the lower core column 311 is arranged into an elastic telescopic structure, the lower core column 311 is flush with the surface of the molding sand during sand paving to ensure that the longitudinal pouring gate is communicated, the lower core column 311 shrinks downwards during pressure forming, and the upper core column 321 and the lower core column 311 open the mold to the upper side and the lower side respectively during mold opening, so that the mold opening stroke of the core column is reduced, and.
Further, a locking device is arranged between the lower stem 311 and the formwork 31, and the locking device is configured to lock the lower stem 311 in the contracted state when the lower stem 311 is pressed to the contracted state by the upper stem 321; the die plate 31 is also provided with an unlocking device which is arranged to release the locking device so that the lower core column 311 is ejected upwards again. The locking device can prevent the lower core column 311 from being immediately upwards ejected after being separated from the upper core column 321 to damage a runner, and the unlocking device can enable the lower core column 311 to be upwards ejected after the sand mold is completely separated from the template 31 so as to facilitate the next molding.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, 13, 18 and 20, the locking device includes an annular groove 3111 disposed on the lower stem 311, and a clamping plate 313 slidably disposed in the mold plate 31 along the horizontal direction, the clamping plate 313 is provided with a through hole 3131 for the lower stem 311 to pass through, and a clamping groove 3132 connected to the through hole 3131 along the sliding direction of the clamping plate 313, the width of the clamping groove 3132 is greater than the diameter of the annular groove 3111 and smaller than the diameter of the lower stem 311, a horizontal compression spring 314 is disposed between the clamping plate 313 and the mold plate 31, and the horizontal compression spring 314 is configured such that its elastic force can drive the clamping plate 313 to slide from the end where the clamping groove 3132 is located to the end where the through hole 3131 is located; when the lower stem 311 is pressed to a contracted state by the upper stem 321, the annular groove 3111 is horizontally aligned with the clamping plate 313, at this time, the clamping plate 313 enables the clamping groove 3132 to be inserted into the annular groove 3111 under the action of the pressure spring, and at this time, the lower stem 311 cannot rebound upwards; the unlocking device comprises a pull rod 315 fixedly connected with a clamping plate 313, the pull rod 315 is connected with the template 31 in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, one end, far away from the clamping plate 313, of the pull rod 315 is convexly arranged at the position where a piston rod of the second piston cylinder 36 is located, a wedge block 316 is arranged at the end of the pull rod, a wedge driving block 317 matched with the wedge block 316 is arranged on the piston rod of the second piston cylinder 36, the wedge block 316 and the wedge driving block 317 are assembled in a mode that the wedge driving block 317 can drive the wedge block 316 to horizontally translate when the template 31 moves to the end of the third stroke, the wedge block 316 drives the pull rod 315 and the clamping plate 313 to slide so that a through hole 3131 of the clamping plate 313 is right opposite to the lower core column 311, and the lower core column 311 is upwards popped.
Preferably, the top surface of the die plate 31 and the bottom surface of the pressing plate 32 are symmetrically provided with an upper circular truncated cone and a lower circular truncated cone along the root edges of the lower core column 311 and the upper core column 321, respectively; the top end of the piston rod of the second piston cylinder 36 is provided with a discharge ring 38, the piston rods of the second piston cylinders 36 are connected into a whole through the discharge ring 38, the discharge ring 38 is provided with a pin 362, and the edge of the mold frame 33 is provided with a positioning hole which is in inserted fit with the pin 362; two first piston cylinders 35 are symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the template 31, at least three second piston cylinders 36 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the template 31 at intervals, and two handles 331 are symmetrically arranged on the edge of the template frame 33; as shown in fig. 9, the pin 362 is tapered at its top end.
Example 2
A piston ring sand mold forming method comprises the following steps:
1) the molding sand is distributed, and the molding sand is put into the hopper 20 by adopting a conveying device;
2) filling the molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand in the hopper 20 into the mold frame 33 above the mold plate 31 and scraping the surface of the molding sand;
3) transferring the pressing plate 32 of the vibrating extrusion molding machine to the upper part of the membrane plate;
4) the hydraulic cylinder 30 below the template 31 is driven to lift upwards, so that the pressure plate 32 extrudes the molding sand in the template frame 33;
5) a hydraulic cylinder 30 below the template 31 is driven to descend, so that the template 31 is separated from a pressing plate 32;
6) separating the mold frame 33 and the sand mold formed in the mold frame 33 from the template 31 by using the mold opening assembly;
7) the sand mold together with the mold frame 33 is taken off from the mold plate 31 and transferred to a lower mold;
8) repeating the steps 2) -7), stacking the prepared sand moulds together,
9) and (4) manufacturing a top die with a pouring gate, placing the top die on the uppermost layer of each sand mold, and finishing the manufacturing of the sand molds.
In the step 1), when the hopper 20 does not need to feed, the striker plate 13 is located at the second station, and when the hopper 20 needs to feed, the air cylinder 14 drives the striker plate 13 to be switched from the second station to the first station.
In the step 2), an extension frame 34 is further arranged above the mold frame 33, and the top surface of the molding sand is ensured to be flush with the top surface of the extension frame 34 during scraping.
In step 3), the pressing plate 32 is mounted on a swing arm 301 swinging along a vertical axis, and the specific method for transferring the pressing plate 32 of the vibration extrusion molding machine above the film plate is as follows: the swing arm 301 is driven to swing until the platen 32 is vertically opposed to the platen 31.
The steps 4) to 6) further comprise the forming of the longitudinal pouring channel.
The molding sand is prepared by the following method: the weight portions are as follows: raw materials of 120-150 portions of crude sand, 40-55 portions of old sand, 4-6 portions of adhesive, 6-10 portions of water and 12-15 portions of coal powder are mixed and uniformly stirred, and the adhesive is clay or synthetic resin.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention. Structures, devices, and methods of operation not specifically described or illustrated herein are generally practiced in the art without specific recitation or limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A piston ring sand mold forming method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
distributing the molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand into a hopper by adopting a conveying device;
filling molding sand, namely throwing the molding sand in the hopper into a mold frame above the template, and scraping the surface of the molding sand;
transferring a pressing plate of the vibrating extrusion molding machine to the upper part of the membrane plate;
a hydraulic cylinder below the template is driven to lift upwards, so that the molding sand in the template frame is extruded by the pressing plate;
a hydraulic cylinder below the template is driven to descend, so that the template is separated from the pressing plate;
separating the mold frame and the sand mold formed in the mold frame from the template by using the mold opening assembly;
taking down the sand mold together with the mold frame from the template and transferring the sand mold to a low mold;
repeating the steps 2) -7), stacking the prepared sand moulds together,
and (4) manufacturing a top die with a pouring gate, placing the top die on the uppermost layer of each sand mold, and finishing the manufacturing of the sand molds.
2. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 1) is implemented by adopting the following devices: conveyor includes the striker plate that sets up on conveyer belt and the conveyer belt, the striker plate upset sets up in the frame, is equipped with the cylinder that is used for driving the striker plate upset in the frame, and cylinder drive striker plate removes between following two stations: in the first station, the bottom edge of the baffle plate is attached to the belt surface of the conveying belt, and the baffle plate is obliquely arranged relative to the length direction of the conveying belt when viewed in the vertical direction; and a second station, wherein the material baffle plate is separated from the belt surface of the conveying belt; when the hopper does not need to feed, the material baffle is positioned at the second station, and when the hopper needs to feed, the air cylinder drives the material baffle to be switched to the first station from the second station.
3. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step 2), an extension frame is further arranged above the mold frame, and the top surface of the molding sand is ensured to be flush with the top surface of the extension frame when the molding sand is strickled off.
4. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step 3), the pressing plate is arranged on a swing arm which swings along a vertical axis, and the specific method for transferring the pressing plate of the vibration extrusion molding machine to the position above the membrane plate comprises the following steps: the swing arm is driven to swing until the pressing plate is opposite to the template along the vertical direction.
5. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the step 6) is implemented by adopting the following devices: the die frame and the extension frame are respectively connected with the diaphragm plate in a sliding mode in the vertical direction, the die plate, the die frame and the extension frame are sequentially connected from bottom to top in a blocking mode, the die frame and the extension frame are folded with the die plate under the condition that the self gravity of the die frame and the extension frame is the most used in a normal state, and the die frame and the extension frame can be driven to synchronously move upwards when the hydraulic cylinder drives the die plate to move upwards; the die sinking assembly is assembled to be capable of respectively driving the die frame and the extension frame to execute the following actions in the following four strokes which are sequentially divided from top to bottom when the hydraulic cylinder drives the die plate to descend: in the first stroke, the mold frame and the extension frame synchronously descend with the mold plate under the action of self gravity; in the second stroke, the die sinking assembly blocks the extension frame to stop the extension frame from descending, and the die frame continues to descend synchronously with the diaphragm; in the third stroke, the die opening assembly simultaneously stops the extension frame and the die frame to stop descending; and in the fourth stroke, the mold opening assembly releases the blocking of the extension frame and the mold frame, so that the extension frame and the mold frame are folded with the film plate again under the action of self gravity.
6. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the die sinking assembly comprises a first piston cylinder, a second piston cylinder and a linkage control valve which are vertically arranged, the cylinder bodies of the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder relatively, the piston rod of the first piston cylinder is fixedly connected with the edge of an extension frame, the piston rod of the second piston cylinder is detachably connected with the edge of a die frame, the linkage control valve comprises a valve shell and a cylindrical valve core which is in sliding fit with the valve shell along the vertical direction, the upper end and the lower end of the valve core are respectively provided with a second ring groove and a first ring groove, the valve shell is provided with a first air inlet hole, a second air inlet hole, a first air outlet hole and a second air outlet hole, the first air inlet hole is communicated with a rodless cavity of the first piston cylinder, the second air inlet hole is communicated with a rodless cavity of the second; a first air inlet branch hole is formed in the first air inlet hole, and a second air inlet branch hole is formed in the second air inlet hole; the case and the relative rigid coupling of template, first inlet port, second inlet port, first branch hole of admitting air, second branch hole of admitting air, first venthole and second venthole are set up as: when the template is in a first stroke, the first air inlet hole, the second air inlet hole and the first air outlet hole are communicated with the first annular groove; when the template is in a second stroke, the first air inlet hole is disconnected with the first annular groove, and the second air inlet hole and the first air outlet hole are communicated with the first annular groove; when the template is in a third stroke, the first air inlet hole and the second air inlet hole are disconnected with the first annular groove; when the template is in a fourth stroke, the first air inlet branch hole, the second air inlet branch hole and the second air outlet hole are communicated with the second annular groove; the rod cavities of the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are communicated with the atmosphere, the rodless cavities of the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are further provided with air inlet pipelines, and the air inlet pipelines are provided with check valves which can enable air to flow into the rodless cavities and can prevent air from flowing out of the rodless cavities.
7. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the steps 4) to 6) further comprise the forming of a longitudinal pouring channel, wherein the forming of the longitudinal pouring channel is implemented by adopting the following devices: draw together the stem that is used for vertical watering of shaping sand mould, the stem includes split type setting last stem and lower stem, go up stem and clamp plate bottom surface rigid coupling, stem is along vertical direction and template sliding connection down, and is equipped with the elastic unit down between stem and the template, and under the normality, lower stem upwards pops out under the effect of elastic unit, and the top surface of this time stem and the top surface parallel and level of the frame that extends of state fold down, when template and clamp plate fold, lower stem shrink downwards under the extrusion of last stem and the butt face parallel and level of parting face of the level of this moment stem and lower stem.
8. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 7, characterized in that: a locking device is arranged between the lower core column and the template, and the locking device is assembled to lock the lower core column in a contraction state when the lower core column is extruded to the contraction state by the upper core column; the template is also provided with an unlocking device which is assembled to release the locking device so that the lower core column can be ejected upwards again.
9. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the locking device comprises an annular groove formed in the lower core column and a clamping plate arranged in the template in a sliding mode along the horizontal direction, a through hole for the lower core column to penetrate through and a clamping groove connected with the through hole along the sliding direction of the clamping plate are formed in the clamping plate, the width of the clamping groove is larger than the diameter of the annular groove and smaller than the diameter of the lower core column, a horizontal pressure spring is arranged between the clamping plate and the template, and the horizontal pressure spring is assembled to enable the clamping plate to slide from the end where the clamping groove is located to the end where the through hole is located; when the lower core column is extruded to a shrinkage state by the upper core column, the annular groove is horizontally aligned with the clamping plate, and the clamping plate enables the clamping groove to be inserted into the annular groove under the action of the pressure spring; unlocking device includes the pull rod with the cardboard rigid coupling, horizontal direction and template sliding connection are followed to the pull rod, the pull rod keep away from the cardboard one end to the piston rod position protruding of second piston cylinder is set up, and this end is equipped with the wedge, be equipped with on the piston rod of second piston cylinder with wedge matched with wedge drive block, wedge and wedge drive block are assembled for can drive wedge horizontal translation when template motion is terminal to the third journey, and the wedge drives the through-hole that pull rod and cardboard slip messenger cardboard and is just right with lower stem.
10. A piston ring sand mold forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molding sand is prepared by the following method: the weight portions are as follows: raw materials of 120-150 portions of crude sand, 40-55 portions of old sand, 4-6 portions of adhesive, 6-10 portions of water and 12-15 portions of coal powder are mixed and uniformly stirred, and the adhesive is clay or synthetic resin.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112743037A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-05-04 | 青岛科麟航空科技有限公司 | Wax injection machine mold device and method |
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