CN110756710A

CN110756710A - Preparation method of deep blind hole component

Info

Publication number: CN110756710A
Application number: CN201911071616.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林军; 陈文�; 康凤; 黄树海; 夏祥生; 吴洋; 胡传凯; 陈强
Original assignee: No 59 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industry
Current assignee: Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering of China South Industries Group
Priority date: 2019-11-05
Filing date: 2019-11-05
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-05
Also published as: CN110756710B

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a deep blind hole component, and particularly relates to a preparation full flow from ingot casting to forging to final forming. Compared with the traditional preparation process of the deep blind hole component, the preparation method has the characteristics of short preparation process, raw material saving and uniform performance.

Description

Preparation method of deep blind hole component

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of metal material processing and forming, and particularly relates to a short-flow low-cost preparation method of a deep blind hole component.

Background

The deep blind hole component is a key core component in the fields of aerospace, navigation, marine weapons and the like, and the demand for the deep blind hole component is increased along with the development of equipment. The existing preparation process of the partial deep blind hole component mainly comprises the following steps. Firstly, a solid forging stock is prepared in more than three times of heating by adopting a free forging mode, and then a finished component is prepared by adopting machining, and although the process is short in preparation flow, a large amount of waste of raw materials and the sharp increase of machining cost are caused; and secondly, firstly, the ingot is subjected to forging change by adopting multidirectional forging, then a forging blank is prepared by adopting an extrusion process, then a deep blind hole forging is prepared by adopting a reverse extrusion and drawing mode, and finally a finished component is obtained by adopting machining. In order to realize the research of the short-flow low-cost preparation process of the deep blind hole component, the first condition is how to reduce the forming procedures and the manufacturing cost under the condition of not reducing the performance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior manufacturing technology, the invention provides a preparation method of a deep blind hole component.

In order to solve the problems of long process and high cost in the prior manufacturing technology, the invention adopts the sectional area ratio to perfect the deformation distribution of each process: a short-process low-cost preparation method of a deep blind hole component is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, forging stock preparation

And heating the cast ingot to a recrystallization temperature, upsetting and then drawing out the cast ingot in one heating process by using a press, and controlling the cumulative change rate ratio of the sectional area of the obtained forging blank along the length direction within the range of 4: 1-9: 1.

Step two, turning the blank

And turning the forging stock into a formed blank according to the requirement of equal volume with the finish forging.

Step three, preforming

And placing the heated blank in a female die, and finishing the formation of an inner hole by a perforation or perforation extrusion process, wherein the ratio of the sectional area of the blank in the inner hole area to the original sectional area is 1: 1.25-1: 2.0 in the length direction.

Step four, final forming

And reheating the preformed blank, and then placing the heated preformed blank into a final forming die to complete the extrusion forming of the side wall of the deep blind hole component, wherein the sectional area of the side wall of the deep blind hole component and the sectional area of the preformed piece in the length direction are controlled to be 1: 2-1: 5.

According to the invention, the deformation of each forming process is distributed in the whole process by the ratio of the cross sections, so that the performance nonuniformity in each direction caused by excessive deformation is avoided, the processes are reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the diameter distribution after ingot casting in the forging production process of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diameter distribution after upsetting in the forging making process of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of diameter distribution after drawing out in the forging manufacturing process of example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the diameter distribution of the forging of example 1 after turning the blank;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the diameter distribution after preforming in the forging making process of example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the diameter distribution after final forming in the forging making process of example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the diameter distribution after ingot casting in the forging making process of example 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diameter distribution after upsetting in the forging making process of example 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of diameter distribution after drawing out in the forging manufacturing process of example 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the diameter distribution of the forging of example 2 after turning the blank;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the diameter distribution after preforming in the forging making process of example 2;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diameter distribution diagram after final forming in the forging making process of example 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.

Example 1

Taking the inner and outer diameters of a forging of a deep blind hole component as phi 184mm and phi 256mm respectively as an example, the component is made of high-strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2A, the required tensile strength is 1500MPa, the original process adopts the steps of carrying out multidirectional forging change on an ingot, completing the forging change process within three fire times, and then processing a solid forging blank to obtain a finished component, wherein the actual material utilization rate is less than 50%; with the present invention, the evolution of the material diameter at each stage is shown in FIG. 1. By the method, the material utilization rate of the deep blind hole shell reaches 75%, the heating frequency in the forming process is shortened to 2 times, the processing period is 70% of that of the original preparation process, and the tensile strength of each part of the component along the length direction is more than 1550 MPa.

Example 2

Taking the inner and outer diameters of a forging of a deep blind hole component as phi 145mm and phi 160mm respectively as an example, the component is made of titanium alloy TC4, the tensile strength is required to be 880MPa, and the original process adopts multidirectional forging of an ingot and then extrusion into a bar; the forged piece is prepared by extrusion, the actual material utilization rate reaches 70%, the total cross-section deformation in the length direction reaches more than 20%, the uniformity of mechanical properties is greatly influenced, and the difference between the longitudinal mechanical properties and the transverse mechanical properties is more than 15%; with the present invention, the evolution of the material diameter at each stage is shown in FIG. 2. By the method, the material utilization rate of the deep blind hole shell reaches 75%, the heating frequency in the forming process is shortened to 2 times, the whole processing period is less than 60% of the original process, and the tensile strength of each part of the component along the length direction is more than 900 MPa.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a deep blind hole component is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing,

step one, forging stock preparation

Heating the cast ingot to a recrystallization temperature, upsetting and then drawing out the cast ingot in a fire through a press, and controlling the cumulative change rate ratio of the sectional area of the obtained forging stock along the length direction within the range of 4: 1-9: 1;

step two, turning the blank

Turning the blank into a formed blank according to the requirement of equal volume with the finish forging;

step three, preforming

Placing the heated blank in a female die, and finishing the formation of an inner hole through a perforation or perforation extrusion process, wherein the ratio of the sectional area of the blank in the inner hole area to the original sectional area is 1: 1.25-1: 2.0 in the length direction;

step four, final forming