CN110755041B - Brain blood flow-based working memory capacity evaluation method under simulated weightlessness condition - Google Patents
Brain blood flow-based working memory capacity evaluation method under simulated weightlessness condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110755041B CN110755041B CN201910998183.3A CN201910998183A CN110755041B CN 110755041 B CN110755041 B CN 110755041B CN 201910998183 A CN201910998183 A CN 201910998183A CN 110755041 B CN110755041 B CN 110755041B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14546—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14553—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted for cerebral tissue
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating working memory capacity under a simulated weightlessness condition based on cerebral blood flow, and belongs to the technical field of medical treatment. Firstly, selecting a subject to practice a work memory task, and selecting a formal subject from the task. Then carrying out a round of working memory tasks by formal testees, and acquiring the neural activity data of the appointed frontal lobe brain area of each testee in the training task by the fNIRS equipment; each subject was subjected to simulated weightlessness training using a-6 ° head low-lying bed, and the neural activity data was collected again. And (4) counting the data of the two times of neural activities, providing an analysis result, and judging the working memory capacity of the testee. Finally, aggregating all subject samples meeting the conditions through a classifier; collecting polymerization samples at fixed time intervals; the stable subjects in all aggregate samples were used for the evaluation of the subsequent working memory gradient. The invention is flexible and easy to use, has low cost, and has important value for the research of perfecting the brain function cognition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to a working memory capacity evaluation method under a simulated weightlessness condition based on cerebral blood flow.
Background
The Working Memory (WM) is a memory system that temporarily stores and processes information, is one of important cognitive functions, and is the basis of high-level cognitive functions of the human brain, such as learning, language understanding, reasoning, judgment and the like.
The results of aerospace medical research prove that the sensory function, cognitive function, vision and movement coordination ability of an astronaut are changed to a certain degree during weightless flight, and the functional state of the brain is not only the key for completing an aerospace task, but also directly influences the safety of the astronaut, so that the influence of weightlessness or weightlessness condition simulation on the working memory ability of the brain becomes a research hotspot.
Near infrared optical imaging (fNIRS) uses a near infrared spectroscopy method to record changes in blood oxygen and blood volume parameters at different locations of the brain, thereby obtaining brain function images. The fNIRS system has the advantages of flexibility, ease of use, low cost, real time and non-invasive. Although the spatial resolution is not as good as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and the like, the method is characterized by being capable of performing real-time functional imaging in the natural scene of cognitive activities, simultaneously measuring the brain function without mutual interference with other brain function research means such as fMRI, PET or EEG and the like, and being easy to perform repeated tests on a large number of subjects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the evaluation of the brain function cognitive level under special conditions, the invention utilizes two indexes of a behavior evaluation mode and a brain activation degree to directly reflect the brain function cognitive status, and particularly relates to a working memory capacity evaluation method under the simulated weightlessness condition of brain blood flow based on fNIRS.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, screening qualified subjects from the crowd, and enabling each subject to practice work and memory tasks and to be familiar with specific requirements under the conditions of 0-back,1-back,2-back and 3-back.
Step two, each subject respectively carries out two groups of test screening tests, and the subjects are determined as formal subjects when the accuracy reaches at least 60 percent, and the data of the formal subjects are recorded;
thirdly, carrying out a round of working memory tasks by formal subjects, and acquiring the neural activity data of the appointed frontal lobe brain area of each subject in the training task by the fNIRS device;
the working memory task refers to that each subject needs to participate in all 4 groups of block experiments under different task conditions; the specific process comprises the following steps:
in the 4-group block experiment, the first group is selected from 0-back or 1-back, the second group is selected from the remaining three groups, the third group is selected from the remaining two groups, and the last group is the fourth group. Each group of block experiments lasts 135s, and two adjacent groups of block experiments are separated by 2 min;
the block experiment process of 135s comprises the following steps: the subject had a rest for 5 s; a task session of 90s was performed; finally, each subject had a 40s recovery period.
The fNIRS device comprises N signal channels which are uniformly arranged and cover the entire frontal lobe brain region, N being greater than or equal to 1; each signal channel has 1 emission light source and 1 corresponding acquisition probe.
The acquisition of recorded data by the fNIRS device includes: oxyhemoglobin concentration for each subject at each memory load condition;
step four, each subject adopts a-6-degree head low-lying bed to perform simulated weightlessness training, a new round of working memory tasks is performed again, and the fNIRS equipment acquires new round of nerve activity data of the designated frontal lobe brain area again;
step five, counting the acquired nerve activity data after the weightlessness training and the data before the weightlessness for each subject, and providing an analysis result;
respectively collecting the average response time and the accuracy rate before and after weightlessness for each subject; the state of the subject is visually counted by two variances of the mean response time and the accuracy.
Meanwhile, calculating the ratio of the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin collected by the fNIRS device after weight loss to the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin before weight loss for each subject;
step six, aiming at each subject, respectively judging whether the subject meets the condition of good working memory capacity by utilizing statistical data before and after weightlessness;
eligible subjects were calculated according to the following formula as follows:
0.625＜Z+0.1(T/J)＜1.4
z represents the correct rate of the current subject after weightlessness, T represents the ratio of the average response time of the current subject after weightlessness to the average response time of the subject before weightlessness, and J represents the ratio of the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration of the subject before and after weightlessness;
step seven, aggregating all the qualified subject samples through a classifier;
step eight, performing simulated weightlessness training again on each subject by adopting a-6-degree head low-lying bed at fixed time intervals, returning to the step four to collect data for analysis, and obtaining a new polymerization sample;
and step nine, evaluating the gradient of the subsequent working memory capacity by using stable subjects in all the polymerization samples.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the working memory capacity evaluation method based on the cerebral blood flow under the simulated weightlessness condition adopts the fNIRS equipment, is flexible and easy to use, has low cost, can be conveniently applied to a large number of subjects, and provides a real-time and noninvasive research means for the research of the cognitive function of the human brain.
2) The method is used for researching a related brain function activation mode of a crowd in a weightless state from the angle of work memory by combining near-infrared brain function imaging with a classical paradigm, has an important value for the research of perfecting brain function cognition, and reveals the influence of weightlessness on the brain work memory capacity of a human.
3) The method for evaluating the working memory capacity under the simulated weightlessness condition based on the cerebral blood flow is high in comfort level and very friendly to a testee, and avoids the influence on results caused by cerebral activity difference due to complex tasks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a working memory capacity evaluation method under a simulated weightlessness condition based on cerebral blood flow according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an n-back task employed by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a round of working memory tasks according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail and with reference to the following drawings for the purpose of facilitating understanding and implementation by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention relates to a method for evaluating working memory capacity under a simulated weightlessness condition based on cerebral blood flow, which comprises the steps of firstly enabling a trainee to perform a round of normal working memory task, and acquiring neural activity data of a designated frontal lobe brain area of a participant in the training task by an fNIRS device; then, the subject performs a working memory task after a round of simulated weightlessness training, and acquires the neural activity data; obtaining the working memory capacity evaluation of the testee by analyzing and summing the data twice before and after the weight loss;
calculating the average response time and average correct rate of the subjects and the average value of the change of the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration of the subjects under each memory load condition in order to evaluate the overall influence of the memory load on the performance of the subjects by simultaneously recording the performance of the subjects and the fNIRS test results; the working memory ability level is sensed and evaluated from the brain and behavior perspective by the combination of the behavior index parameter and the processed blood oxygen data.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific steps are as follows:
step one, screening qualified subjects from the crowd, and enabling each subject to practice work and memory tasks and to be familiar with specific requirements under the conditions of 0-back,1-back,2-back and 3-back.
The conditions of the subject were: 40 young people aged 18-35 years, 20 men and women, all right hand benefiting, eyesight or corrected eyesight above 1.0, and health without existing nervous and mental system diseases and genetic diseases.
The working memory task is designed based on a speech n-back task, and 4 cognitive conditions related to the n-back task are 0-back,1-back,2-back and 3-back. The concrete form can be letters, numbers, patterns and the like;
1) 0-back: the subject is required to judge whether the letters presented on the screen each time are matched with the pre-designated letters, if so, the response button is clicked, otherwise, the response button is double-clicked;
2) 1-back: the subject is required to judge whether the letter presented on the screen each time is matched with the letter presented immediately before, if so, the response button is clicked, otherwise, the response button is double-clicked;
3) 2-back: asking the subject to determine whether the letter presented on the screen at each time matches its 2 nd letter from the previous time; if so, clicking a response button, otherwise, double clicking the response button;
4) 3-back: the subject is required to judge whether the letter presented on the screen each time is matched with the last 3 letter before, if so, the response button is clicked, otherwise, the response button is double-clicked;
step two, each subject respectively carries out 2-back and 3-back two-group test screening tests, and is determined as a formal subject when the accuracy reaches at least 60%, and data of the formal subject is recorded;
the input data comprises the name, the sex and the age of a formal subject, and a complete database is established;
thirdly, carrying out a round of working memory tasks by formal subjects, and acquiring the neural activity data of the appointed frontal lobe brain area of each subject in the training task by the fNIRS device;
before the work memory task is formally carried out, the testee needs to practice the work memory task and is familiar with the specific requirements under the conditions of 0-back,1-back,2-back and 3-back. The number of exercises varies depending on the memory load and individual differences among subjects. For 0-3-back tasks, the average response time and accuracy in the last exercise experiment of the subject were recorded. Each subject was re-trained on the 1-back,2-back and 3-back3 tasks before receiving the full test to confirm familiarity with the experimental procedure.
The working memory task refers to that each subject needs to participate in all 4 groups of block experiments under different task conditions; during the experiment, the testee is required to sit in front of the computer, the horizontal distance of about 70cm is kept between the eyes and the letter presenting area on the screen, the mouse cursor is always placed on the reaction button, and the index finger of the right hand of the testee always touches the left button of the mouse to prepare to click or double click the reaction button when the letters appear.
Before the task starts, a task condition prompt is given, as shown in fig. 3, the specific process includes:
in the 4-group block experiment, the first group is selected from 0-back or 1-back, the second group is selected from the remaining three groups, the third group is selected from the remaining two groups, and the last group is the fourth group. Each block experiment lasts 135s, and in order to eliminate the influence of the sequential effect on the experiment result, the sequence of the experiment should be balanced among the subjects. In addition, the test subject should be arranged to rest for 2min between two adjacent block experiments to ensure that the previous task causes the recovery of cortical activity.
The block experiment of 135s comprises the following specific processes:
first, each subject rested quietly for 5 s;
then, a 90s task period is carried out, as shown in fig. 2, a character sequence consisting of 30 English letters is presented to the subject in the center of the computer screen, the time of each letter displayed on the screen is 0.5s, the time interval between two adjacent letters is 2.5s, the presentation area on the screen in the interval period is a blank screen, and the process is carried out in a circulating way; as each letter appears on the screen, the subject is asked to determine whether the letter matches the letter appearing the next to last (case insensitive) and respond accordingly, with the process being repeated 20 times in sequence.
The task character presentation is not limited to letters, but can be in the form of words, numbers or pictures.
Finally, each subject had a recovery period of 40s after completion of the task to monitor brain activity during recovery after completion of the task.
The fNIRS device comprises a near-infrared brain function imaging host and a collecting device. The collecting device comprises 12 emitting light sources which are uniformly arranged and cover all frontal lobe brain areas and 12 corresponding collecting probes, the distance between every two adjacent probes is 3 cm, a 37-signal channel is formed in the forehead, and a covering area of 2-3 cm, namely a large part of the prefrontal cortex, is collected to the depth. The imaging master was in the same detection zone throughout the test for all 4 sets of experiments.
The acquisition of recorded data by the fNIRS device includes: change in concentration of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin for each subject at each memory load condition;
step four, each subject adopts a-6-degree head low-lying bed to perform simulated weightlessness training, a new round of working memory tasks is performed again, and the fNIRS equipment acquires new round of nerve activity data of the designated frontal lobe brain area again;
step five, counting the acquired nerve activity data after the weightlessness training and the data before the weightlessness for each subject, and providing an analysis result;
respectively collecting the average response time and the accuracy rate before and after weightlessness for each subject; the state of the subject is visually counted by two variances of the mean response time and the accuracy.
Meanwhile, calculating the ratio of the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin collected by the fNIRS device after weight loss to the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin before weight loss for each subject;
step six, aiming at each subject, respectively judging whether the subject meets the condition of good working memory capacity by utilizing statistical data before and after weightlessness;
eligible subjects were calculated according to the following formula as follows:
0.625＜Z+0.1(T/J)＜1.4
z represents the correct rate of the current subject after weightlessness, T represents the ratio of the average response time of the current subject after weightlessness to the average response time of the subject before weightlessness, and J represents the ratio of the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration of the subject before and after weightlessness;
step seven, aggregating all the qualified subject samples through a classifier;
step eight, performing simulated weightlessness training again on each subject by adopting a-6-degree head low-lying bed at fixed time intervals, returning to the step four to collect data for analysis, and obtaining a new polymerization sample;
and step nine, evaluating the gradient of the subsequent working memory capacity by using stable subjects in all the polymerization samples.
Claims (2)
1. The method for evaluating the working memory capacity under the condition of simulated weightlessness based on cerebral blood flow is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
step one, screening qualified subjects from a crowd, and enabling each subject to practice a work memory task and to be familiar with specific requirements under the conditions of 0-back,1-back,2-back and 3-back;
step two, each subject respectively carries out two groups of test screening tests, and the subjects are determined as formal subjects when the accuracy reaches at least 60 percent, and the data of the formal subjects are recorded;
thirdly, carrying out a round of working memory tasks by formal testees, and acquiring the neural activity data of the appointed frontal lobe brain area of each testee in the working memory tasks by the fNIRS equipment;
the working memory task refers to that each subject needs to participate in all 4 groups of block experiments under different task conditions;
step four, each subject adopts a-6-degree head low-lying bed to perform simulated weightlessness training, a new round of working memory tasks is performed again, and the fNIRS equipment acquires new round of nerve activity data of the designated frontal lobe brain area again;
step five, counting the acquired nerve activity data after the weightlessness training and the data before the weightlessness for each subject, and providing an analysis result;
respectively collecting the average response time and the accuracy rate before and after weightlessness for each subject; visually counting the state of the subject through two variances of the average response time and the accuracy;
meanwhile, calculating the ratio of the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin collected by the fNIRS device after weight loss to the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin before weight loss for each subject;
step six, aiming at each subject, respectively judging whether the subject meets the condition of good working memory capacity by utilizing statistical data before and after weightlessness;
eligible subjects were calculated according to the following formula as follows:
0.625＜Z+0.1(T/J)＜1.4
z represents the correct rate of the current subject after weightlessness, T represents the ratio of the average response time of the current subject after weightlessness to the average response time of the subject before weightlessness, and J represents the ratio of the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration of the subject before and after weightlessness;
step seven, aggregating all the qualified subject samples through a classifier;
step eight, performing simulated weightlessness training again on each qualified subject by adopting a-6-degree head low-lying bed at fixed time intervals, returning to the step four to collect data for analysis, and obtaining a new polymerization sample;
and step nine, evaluating the gradient of the subsequent working memory capacity by using stable subjects in all the polymerization samples.
2. The method for evaluating the working memory capacity under the simulated weightlessness condition based on the cerebral blood flow according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the third step comprises the following steps:
in 4 groups of block experiments, a first group is selected from 0-back or 1-back, a second group is selected from the remaining three groups, a third group is selected from the remaining two groups, and the last group is a fourth group; each group of block experiments lasts 135s, and two adjacent groups of block experiments are separated by 2 min;
the block experiment process of 135s comprises the following steps: the subject had a rest for 5 s; a task session of 90s was performed; finally each subject had a 40s recovery period;
the fNIRS device comprises N signal channels which are uniformly arranged and cover the entire frontal lobe brain region, N being greater than or equal to 1; each signal channel is provided with 1 transmitting light source and 1 corresponding acquisition probe;
the acquisition of recorded data by the fNIRS device includes: oxyhemoglobin concentration for each subject at each memory load condition.
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| CN113274009A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-20 | 山西医科大学第一医院 | Infrared brain imaging atlas acquisition device based on HCT |
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