CN110752895A - Programming method and device of Ethernet message - Google Patents
Programming method and device of Ethernet message Download PDFInfo
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- CN110752895A CN110752895A CN201911003446.9A CN201911003446A CN110752895A CN 110752895 A CN110752895 A CN 110752895A CN 201911003446 A CN201911003446 A CN 201911003446A CN 110752895 A CN110752895 A CN 110752895A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0057—Block codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
- H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
- H04L1/0084—Formats for payload data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for programming an Ethernet message, wherein the method comprises the following steps: defining a syntax of the pseudo code; according to the format of the Ethernet message, expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code; and analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into the specified programming language according to the corresponding relation between the grammar of the pseudo code and the specified programming language. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device finish the flexible, complex and changeable expression of the Ethernet message structure by defining the simple and understandable pseudo code grammar, and have the characteristics of flexible definition, intuitive expression and strong expansibility. The executor does not need to have the relevant foundation of the executable language C or Verilog, and only needs to be capable of reading and analyzing the Ethernet message protocol, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty and threshold of designing the Ethernet message generator. Meanwhile, the pseudo code is automatically analyzed into an executable code through the script, so that the error rate of the executable code is greatly reduced, and the development and debugging period of the Ethernet message generator is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of chip design technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for programming an ethernet packet.
Background
In the development process of the network chip, after the design of the network chip is completed, the ethernet message generator is generally widely applied to verify the correctness of the network chip. The Ethernet message generator generates various Ethernet messages, and the Ethernet message flow in the real network environment is simulated by sending the messages, so that the aim of verifying the function and the performance of the chip is fulfilled.
The traditional implementation of the ethernet message generator is implemented by programming completely using programming languages such as C or Verilog. In the face of various protocols of the rapidly developed ethernet and complex and diversified message structures, the traditional implementation mode has the defects of poor expansibility, high maintenance cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for programming an Ethernet message.
The invention also aims to provide a method and a system for building the Ethernet message generator based on the pseudo code.
In order to achieve one of the above objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for programming an ethernet packet, where the method includes:
defining a syntax of the pseudo code;
according to the format of the Ethernet message, expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code;
and analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into the specified programming language according to the corresponding relation between the grammar of the pseudo code and the specified programming language.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the "expressing the ethernet packet using a pseudo code according to a format of the ethernet packet" specifically includes:
determining relevant fields of the Ethernet message and a combination relation among the fields;
and expressing the combination relation between the relevant fields and the fields of the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the syntax of the pseudo code specifically includes:
the fragment is used for expressing an Ethernet message or a message fragment and comprises a fragment starting keyword, a fragment name, a fragment ending keyword and contents between the fragment starting keyword and the fragment ending keyword;
variables, which are contained in the content of the fragment, including variable keywords, variable names, variable lengths, and variable default values;
and the skip field is contained in the content of the segment and comprises a skip keyword, a conditional expression and a specified segment name, when the conditional expression is met, the skip field skips from the current segment to the specified segment, and the content of the current segment is continuously executed downwards after the content of the specified segment is executed.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the syntax of the pseudo code further includes a conditional syntax, a repeated syntax, and a loop syntax.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
and combining a plurality of Ethernet messages or Ethernet message fragments into one Ethernet message through the jump field of the pseudo code.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the parsing the ethernet packet expressed by the pseudo code into a specific programming language specifically includes:
converting the fragments of the pseudo code into functions of a specified programming language;
converting the variables of the pseudo code into variables of a specified programming language;
the jump field of the pseudo code is converted into a sub-function call of a specified programming language.
As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the parsing the ethernet packet expressed by the pseudo code into a specific programming language specifically includes:
and analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into a specified programming language by using a scripting language perl.
To achieve one of the above objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a programming apparatus for ethernet packets, the apparatus including:
the pseudo code design specification module is used for defining the grammar of the pseudo code;
the pseudo code programming module is used for expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code according to the format of the Ethernet message;
and the pseudo code analysis module is used for analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into a specified programming language.
In order to achieve one of the above objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for building an ethernet packet generator based on pseudo codes, where the method includes:
using any one of the above-mentioned programming methods for the ethernet message, defining the format of the ethernet message by a specified programming language;
and realizing the generation and sending processes of the Ethernet message by using a specified programming language.
In order to achieve one of the above objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for building an ethernet packet generator based on pseudo codes, where the system includes:
the programming device of the Ethernet message;
and the message generating and sending module is used for realizing the generation and sending processes of the Ethernet messages by using a specified programming language.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device finish the flexible, complex and changeable expression of the Ethernet message structure by defining the simple and understandable pseudo code grammar, and have the characteristics of flexible definition, intuitive expression and strong expansibility. The executor does not need to have the relevant foundation of the executable language C or Verilog, and only needs to be capable of reading and analyzing the Ethernet message protocol, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty and threshold of designing the Ethernet message generator. Meanwhile, the pseudo code is automatically analyzed into an executable code through the script, so that the error rate of the executable code is greatly reduced, and the development and debugging period of the Ethernet message generator is shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates a packet encapsulation process in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for programming an ethernet packet according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an 802.1q frame format.
Fig. 4 is a header of an IP packet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings. These embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to these embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
The OSI model divides the work of network communication into 7 layers, from bottom to top, a physical layer, a data link layer, a network layer, a transport layer, a session layer, a presentation layer and an application layer. The network model used in practice at present is a TCP/IP model, which simplifies the OSI model, and includes only four layers, from bottom to top, a data link layer, a network layer, a transport layer and an application layer. Each layer performs different functions, including different protocols (Protocol is an agreement or contract in the network communication process, both parties of communication must obey to normally receive and transmit data), and the general protocols of each layer refer to the following:
data link layer protocol (network interface layer protocol): ethernet 802.3, Token Ring 802.5, X.25, Frame relay, HDLC, PPP ATM, etc.
Network layer protocol: IP (Internet Protocol), ICMP (Internet control message Protocol), ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), RARP (Reverse ARP), and Reverse Address translation Protocol).
And (3) a transport layer protocol: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (user datagram Protocol).
Application layer protocol: FTP (File Transfer Protocol), TELNET (user remote login Service Protocol), DNS (Domain Name Service), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), NFS (Network File System), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).
As shown in fig. 1, in the transmission process, the upper layer protocol packet needs to be encapsulated in the lower layer protocol packet for transmission (in the present invention, encapsulation refers to adding a header and/or a tail of the lower layer protocol packet to the upper layer protocol packet).
The network chip is used as an important component in network communication and is mainly used for processing the various protocol messages, so that during testing, the Ethernet message generator sends various protocol messages to simulate Ethernet message flow in a real network environment, and the purpose of verifying the function and the performance of the chip is achieved.
The traditional implementation of the ethernet message generator is implemented by programming completely using programming languages such as C or Verilog. It is known from the foregoing that protocol messages of an ethernet network are very complex and diverse, and with further development of the network, the protocol may change or even add a plurality of protocols, and at this time, the conventional implementation mode shows disadvantages of poor extensibility, high maintenance cost, and the like.
In view of this, the present invention extracts the definition of the ethernet message structure based on the traditional ethernet message generator, expresses the message structure by using the self-defined pseudo code, and then automatically analyzes the pseudo code into the designated programming language (C language or Verilog, etc.) by using the script. Because the grammar of the pseudo code is simple and easy to understand, and the expression of the flexible, complex and changeable Ethernet message structure can be completed, the expansibility of the Ethernet message generator is strong, and the maintenance cost is low (development or maintenance personnel do not need to have the relevant basis of an executable language C language or Verilog, and only need to read and analyze the capability of the Ethernet message protocol).
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a method for programming an ethernet packet, which completes the expression of a flexible, complex and changeable ethernet packet structure by defining a simple and understandable pseudo code syntax, and exhibits the characteristics of flexible definition, intuitive expression and strong expansibility. The method comprises the following steps:
step S01: the syntax of the pseudo code is defined.
The syntax of the pseudo code specifically includes:
a fragment, which is used to express an ethernet message or message fragment, which includes a fragment start keyword $ SEGMENT, a fragment name, a fragment end keyword $ ENDSEGMENT, and contents between the fragment start keyword and the fragment end keyword. The specific format is as follows:
$ SEGMENT fragment name
……
$ENDSEGMENT
$ SEGMENT is used to define the beginning of a fragment and claim its name. The $ ENDSEGMENT is used to define the end of a SEGMENT, and the content defined between $ SEGMENT and $ EDNSEGMENT is a message or a certain SEGMENT of a message.
Variables, which are contained in the content of the fragment, include the variable key $ FIELD, the variable name, the variable length, and the variable default value. The specific format is as follows:
variable Length variable Default value for FIELD variable name
$ FIELD is a variable key, and this syntax is used to define a FIELD in the message, including its bit width (length) and its default value, especially noting that FIELDs in the same fragment cannot be renamed. If the bit width of the field is 0, the field is a 32-bit temporary variable and does not exist as the actual field of the message.
And the jump field is contained in the content of the segment and comprises a jump keyword $ NEXTP, a conditional expression and a specified segment name, when the conditional expression is satisfied, the current segment jumps to the specified segment, and the content of the current segment is continuously executed downwards after the content of the specified segment is executed. The specific format is as follows:
$ NEXTP [ conditional expression ] - > fragment name
The $ NEXTP is a jump keyword and is used for identifying the current statement as a jump function; the grammar is used for realizing the function of skipping from the current message segment to the specified segment to continue execution when the specified conditional expression is satisfied. It is noted that after all the pseudo-code instructions of the specified segment are executed, the current segment is returned to and executed next.
In addition, the syntax of the pseudo code also comprises conditional syntax, repeated syntax and cycle syntax, and the specific format is as follows:
conditional grammar:
IF [ conditional expression 1]
……
ELELIF [ conditional expression 2]
The $ IF/$ ELSEIF/$ END are respectively keywords (taking $ as prefixes) used for identifying the current statement as a conditional statement; the syntax is used to implement conditional branch related functions.
Repeated grammar:
REPEAT _ BEGIN [ repetition number ]
……
$REPEAT_END
$ REPEAT _ BEGIN and $ REPEAT _ END are keywords (prefixed by $) for identifying the current statement as a REPEAT function; the grammar is used for realizing the function of repeatedly executing the pseudo code instruction appointed times contained in the grammar.
And (3) cycle grammar:
WHILE _ BEGIN (conditional expression)
……
$WHILE_END
$ WHILE _ BEGIN and $ WHILE _ END are keywords (prefixed by $) for identifying the current statement as a repeat function; the grammar is used for realizing that when a specified conditional expression is satisfied, pseudo code instructions contained in the grammar are executed circularly.
Step S02: and according to the format of the Ethernet message, expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code.
The detailed procedure of this step will be explained in detail below by taking a two-layer ethernet protocol message (IEEE 802.1q) and IPV4 message protocols as examples.
Step S021: and determining the relevant fields of the Ethernet message and the combination relationship among the fields.
The structure of the ethernet packet is analyzed first, and it is determined which fields, field lengths, and relationships between the fields are included in the packet, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, where fig. 3 is an 802.1q frame format, and fig. 4 is a header of an IP packet.
Step S022: and expressing the combination relation between the relevant fields and the fields of the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code.
An 802.1q message is expressed using pseudo-code, which includes MacDa [47:0], MacSa [47:0], variable number of VLANs [31:0], EthLenType [15:0], Payload of arbitrary length, CRC [31:0], and the like. The pseudo code is as follows:
a three-tier Ipv4 Ethernet message segment is defined using pseudocode, the main fields of the Ipv4 Ethernet message segment are Ipv4Ver [3:0], Ipv4Ttl [7:0], Ipv4Sa [31:0], Ipv4Da [31:0], and so on, and the pseudocode is defined as follows:
in a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
and combining a plurality of Ethernet messages or Ethernet message fragments into one Ethernet message through the jump field of the pseudo code. For example, the ethernet packet fragment previously defined for Ipv4 is not a true ethernet packet, and an ethernet packet for Ipv4 should contain a layer two header, along with Payload and CRC portions thereof. Therefore, we can realize the method by adding the Ethernet message segment of Ipv4 to the pseudo code segment (802.1q message) of the two-layer Ethernet. As shown below (with partial reference to the definition of the ETHERNET fragment above):
$SEGMENT ETHERNET
$FIELD ETH_MAC_DA 48 0
……
$FIELD ETH_LEN_TYPE 16 0
inserting a jump statement, and jumping to an IPV4 fragment when the upper layer protocol encapsulated in the two-layer message is IPV4
$NEXTP[ETH_LEN_TYPE＝＝0x0800]->IPV4
$FIELD PKT_PAYLOAD_LEN 0 0
……
$SEGMENT_END
By analogy, the message segments of each type of Ethernet protocol can be defined firstly, and then the connection and combination relation between the segments is realized by using the skip sentences between the segments, so that the complex and variable Ethernet messages are realized. If the Ethernet message protocol changes or evolves, we only need to modify the original message segment definition or the skip condition or relationship of the segment according to the related protocol; or define a new message segment or a new jump logic relationship.
Step S03: and analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into the specified programming language according to the corresponding relation between the grammar of the pseudo code and the specified programming language.
And analyzing the compiled pseudo code text file line by using a script language, identifying the keywords and the attribute contents of the corresponding fields thereof, and generating corresponding compilable codes. The pseudo code can be automatically analyzed into the executable code through the automatic script (the automatic script can be written by using perl script language), the error rate of the executable code is greatly reduced, and the development and debugging period of the Ethernet message generator is shortened. The specific conversion steps are as follows:
converting the fragments of the pseudo code into functions of a specified programming language;
converting the variables of the pseudo code into variables of a specified programming language;
the jump field of the pseudo code is converted into a sub-function call of a specified programming language.
The specified programming language may be a C language or a Verilog or like programming language. The conversion of $ SEGMENT ETHERNET to Verilog code is exemplified below.
When the keyword $ SEGMENT is resolved, the function "SEGMENT _ Ethernet _ built" to create the SEGMENT is defined as follows:
function int segment_ethernet_build(ref bit[7:0]bytes[])；
……
endfunction
all pseudo-code that is then up to $ SEGMENT _ END will be parsed into the contents of this function SEGMENT _ Ethernet _ build.
Then, all the FIELD contents defined by $ FIELD are translated into a data structure set, called transaction in Verilog, to complete the definition and value of the FIELDs, and are merged and stored into an object called m _ tr, and according to the sequence of the FIELDs in pseudo code, the FIELDs are filled into the previously applied message memory spaces bytes (stated by the data type of the dynamic array in Verilog syntax), and the example code is as follows:
when a key word of $ NEXTP is analyzed, a jump condition in [ ] is obtained, next SEGMEMNT information pointed by- > and to be jumped to is obtained, the SEGMEMNT information is translated into a sub-function calling statement in Verilig, and corresponding Verilog codes are as follows:
if(m_tr.eth_len_type＝＝16'h0800)begin
idx＝segment_ipv4_build(idx,bytes)；
end
when parsing into the key words REPEAT _ BEGIN/REPEAT _ END, taking the loop condition in [ ], translating it into a loop statement in Verilog, and all pseudo code contained between REPEAT _ BEGIN and REPEAT _ END must be called in the loop statement, the example code is as follows:
when parsing into the keyword $ IF/$ END, the condition in [ ] is obtained, translated into a conditional statement of Verilog, and all pseudo code contained between IF and END must be called in a loop statement, as follows:
the invention also provides a programming device of the Ethernet message, and the device comprises:
the pseudo code design specification module is used for defining the grammar of the pseudo code;
the pseudo code programming module is used for expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code according to the format of the Ethernet message;
and the pseudo code analysis module is used for analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into a specified programming language.
The invention also provides a method for building the Ethernet message generator based on the pseudo code, which comprises the following steps:
defining the format of the Ethernet message by a specified programming language by using the programming method of the Ethernet message;
and realizing the generation and sending processes of the Ethernet message by using a specified programming language.
Of course, the generation and sending processes of the ethernet packet can be implemented by using a specified programming language, and can also be implemented by using pseudo code.
It should be noted that, because the implementation manner of the conventional ethernet message generator is completely implemented by programming using programming languages such as C language or Verilog, the method for building the ethernet message generator based on the pseudo code provided by the present invention can also extract the definition of the ethernet message structure based on the conventional ethernet message generator, express the message structure in a self-defined pseudo code manner, and automatically analyze the pseudo code into a specific programming language (programming languages such as C language or Verilog) by using a script. Because the grammar of the pseudo code is simple and easy to understand, and the expression of the flexible, complex and changeable Ethernet message structure can be completed, the expansibility of the Ethernet message generator is strong, and the maintenance cost is low (development or maintenance personnel do not need to have the relevant basis of an executable language C language or Verilog, and only need to read and analyze the capability of the Ethernet message protocol).
The invention also provides a system for building the Ethernet message generator based on the pseudo code, which comprises the following components:
a programming device for the Ethernet message;
and the message generating and sending module is used for realizing the generation and sending processes of the Ethernet messages by using a specified programming language.
It should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should make the description as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can also be combined appropriately to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for programming an ethernet packet, the method comprising:
defining a syntax of the pseudo code;
according to the format of the Ethernet message, expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code;
and analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into the specified programming language according to the corresponding relation between the grammar of the pseudo code and the specified programming language.
2. The method for programming an ethernet packet according to claim 1, wherein the "expressing the ethernet packet using the pseudo code according to the format of the ethernet packet" specifically comprises:
determining relevant fields of the Ethernet message and a combination relation among the fields;
and expressing the combination relation between the relevant fields and the fields of the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code.
3. The method for programming an ethernet packet according to claim 1, wherein the syntax of the pseudo code specifically comprises:
the fragment is used for expressing an Ethernet message or a message fragment and comprises a fragment starting keyword, a fragment name, a fragment ending keyword and contents between the fragment starting keyword and the fragment ending keyword;
variables, which are contained in the content of the fragment, including variable keywords, variable names, variable lengths, and variable default values;
and the skip field is contained in the content of the segment and comprises a skip keyword, a conditional expression and a specified segment name, when the conditional expression is met, the skip field skips from the current segment to the specified segment, and the content of the current segment is continuously executed downwards after the content of the specified segment is executed.
4. The method for programming an ethernet message according to claim 3, wherein:
the syntax of the pseudo code further includes a conditional syntax, a repeat syntax, and a loop syntax.
5. The method for programming an ethernet message according to claim 3, further comprising:
and combining a plurality of Ethernet messages or Ethernet message fragments into one Ethernet message through the jump field of the pseudo code.
6. The method for programming an ethernet packet according to claim 3, wherein the parsing the ethernet packet expressed in the pseudo code into the designated programming language specifically comprises:
converting the fragments of the pseudo code into functions of a specified programming language;
converting the variables of the pseudo code into variables of a specified programming language;
the jump field of the pseudo code is converted into a sub-function call of a specified programming language.
7. The method for programming an ethernet packet according to claim 1, wherein the parsing the ethernet packet expressed in the pseudo code into the designated programming language specifically comprises:
and analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into a specified programming language by using a scripting language perl.
8. An apparatus for programming an ethernet message, the apparatus comprising:
the pseudo code design specification module is used for defining the grammar of the pseudo code;
the pseudo code programming module is used for expressing the Ethernet message by using a pseudo code according to the format of the Ethernet message;
and the pseudo code analysis module is used for analyzing the Ethernet message expressed by the pseudo code into a specified programming language.
9. A method for building an Ethernet message generator based on pseudo codes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
using the method for programming an ethernet message according to any of claims 1 to 7, the format of the ethernet message is defined by specifying a programming language;
and realizing the generation and sending processes of the Ethernet message by using a specified programming language.
10. A system for building an Ethernet message generator based on pseudo-code is characterized by comprising the following components:
the programming means for ethernet messages according to claim 8;
and the message generating and sending module is used for realizing the generation and sending processes of the Ethernet messages by using a specified programming language.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021077879A1 (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-04-29 | 盛科网络（苏州）有限公司 | Ethernet packet programming method and apparatus |
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