CN110752876B - Long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system and method - Google Patents
Long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110752876B CN110752876B CN201910994313.6A CN201910994313A CN110752876B CN 110752876 B CN110752876 B CN 110752876B CN 201910994313 A CN201910994313 A CN 201910994313A CN 110752876 B CN110752876 B CN 110752876B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
- H04B10/2513—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion
- H04B10/2525—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion using dispersion-compensating fibres
Abstract
The invention provides a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilized transmission system which comprises a main signal light emitting module, a reference light receiving and transmitting module, an amplitude and phase monitoring and controlling module, a time delay compensation module, a dispersion compensation and light amplification module, a signal returning module and a main signal light receiving module; the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module further comprises a reference signal unit, an amplitude and phase monitoring unit and a compensation control unit; the reference signal unit adopts a variable frequency signal source; and the amplitude and phase monitoring unit directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between the reference signals returned by the sub-stations. The reference signal unit can change the frequency of the reference signal in real time so as to obtain higher phase monitoring precision; the amplitude and phase monitoring unit directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between reference signals returned by each substation, only relative compensation between the substations needs to be performed, the compensation range requirement of the delay compensation module is reduced, and the complexity and cost requirement of the system are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave signal phase-stabilizing transmission of optical fibers, in particular to a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system and a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission method.
Background
The optical fiber transmission technology of microwave signals transmits microwave signals through optical fibers, and achieves low-loss long-distance transmission which cannot be achieved by traditional cable transmission by utilizing the advantages of low loss, high stability, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability and the like of the optical fibers. However, the vulnerability of the optical fiber itself makes it easily affected by external environment, such as temperature, stress, etc., which causes the local refractive index of the optical fiber to change, and finally causes the random change of signal delay in the optical transmission process, which causes phase jitter.
At present, high-stability microwave signals need to be transmitted to each distribution station in the fields of high-precision clock distribution, deep space detection interference arrays and the like, in the application, the microwave local oscillation signals with single frequency points are mainly transmitted, the dynamic range of continuous phase adjustment is small, the dynamic range is picoseconds to nanosecond, and the current phase stabilization system can solve the problem. In the fields of multi-base radar, distributed cooperative electronic countermeasure and the like, broadband microwave signals need to be transmitted, the continuous phase adjustment range needs to reach hundreds of nanoseconds under the conditions of long-distance transmission and high environmental adaptability, the phase consistency of the broadband microwave signals is guaranteed at the moment, and the current phase stabilization system is very difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system, aiming at solving the technical problems that in the prior art, in order to ensure the phase consistency of broadband microwave signals under the conditions of long-distance transmission and high environmental adaptability and the compensation range is overlarge under the condition of absolute compensation of signals of all distribution sites, the transmission system comprises a main signal light emitting module, a reference light receiving and transmitting module, an amplitude-phase monitoring and controlling module, a time delay compensation module, a dispersion compensation and light amplification module, a signal postback module and a main signal light receiving module;
the main signal light emitting module is used for modulating a high-frequency broadband microwave signal of a main signal and distributing the high-frequency broadband microwave signal to optical links of different substations;
the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module is used for generating sending reference signals distributed to different substations, carrying out amplitude and phase monitoring and adjustment on the returned reference signals fed back by each substation, and controlling the delay compensation module to compensate the sending reference signals;
the reference optical transceiver module is used for distributing the reference signal to be transmitted to optical links of different substations and multiplexing the main signal and the reference signal to be transmitted of the corresponding substations into the same optical link;
the delay compensation module is used for compensating the optical link phase jitter of different substations;
the dispersion compensation and optical amplification module is used for compensating attenuation and dispersion of the long-distance optical fiber link;
the signal return module is used for separating the main signal and the sending reference signal in the optical links of different substations and returning the return reference signal;
the main signal light receiving module is used for demodulating the main signal after delay compensation in the optical links of different substations.
Furthermore, the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module comprises a reference signal unit, an amplitude and phase monitoring unit and a compensation control unit;
the reference signal unit adopts a variable frequency signal source, and the numerical value of the frequency of the transmitted reference signal is subjected to feedback control by an amplitude-phase monitoring unit according to the phase jitter condition of an optical link;
and the amplitude and phase monitoring unit directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between the returned reference signals returned by the sub-stations.
Furthermore, the delay compensation module comprises an electric control optical fiber delay line and an optical switch optical fiber delay line, wherein the electric control optical fiber delay line is used for compensating the delay below 1ns, and the optical switch optical fiber delay line is used for compensating the delay above 1ns.
Furthermore, the dispersion compensation and optical amplification module comprises a dispersion compensation optical fiber and an optical amplifier, wherein the dispersion compensation of the dispersion compensation optical fiber satisfies the requirement
D TF ×L TF +D DCF ×L DCF ＝0
D TF : dispersion, L, of transmission fiber TF : length of transmission fiber, D DCF : dispersion, L, of a dispersion compensating fiber DCF : a length of dispersion compensating fiber;
S TF ×L TF +S DCF ×L DCF ＝0
S TF : dispersion slope of transmission fiber, S DCF : the dispersion slope of the dispersion compensating fiber;
the optical amplifier compensates for attenuation introduced by the dispersion compensation fiber and the transmission fiber.
Furthermore, the signal returning module includes a signal returning wavelength division multiplexer and a wave shifting device, and the wave shifting device is configured to convert the wavelength of the sending reference signal to generate the returning reference signal; the signal return wavelength division multiplexer is used for separating the sending reference signals sent by the main site and returning the returning reference signals with converted wavelengths to the main site.
The phase-stabilized transmission method of the long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, a master station multiplexes a main signal and a transmission reference signal which are respectively transmitted to each substation into the same optical link;
s2, each substation separates the received sending reference signal from the main signal and transmits the return reference signal back to the main station;
s3, the master station carries out amplitude-phase monitoring on the returned reference signals returned by the substations and compensates the signals transmitted to the substations;
and S4, each substation receives and demodulates the compensated main signal.
Further, in step S2, after the sending reference signal is separated, the sending reference signal is wavelength-converted to generate the returning reference signal, and the returning reference signal with the wavelength converted is multiplexed to the optical link for returning to the master station.
Furthermore, in step S3, the master station directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between the return reference signals returned by the slave stations.
Furthermore, in step S3, a multi-stage delay compensation is used to compensate the signals transmitted to each substation, and an integer part of the signals more than 1ns and a fractional part of the signals less than 1ns are compensated respectively.
Further, in step S3, dispersion compensation and optical amplifier compensation are included, and the dispersion compensation satisfies the formula (1) and the formula (2)
D TF ×L TF +D DCF ×L DCF ＝0……(1)
D TF : dispersion, L, of transmission fiber TF : transmission optical fiberLength of (D) DCF : dispersion, L, of a dispersion compensating fiber DCF : a length of dispersion compensating fiber;
S TF ×L TF +S DCF ×L DCF ＝0……(2)
S TF : dispersion slope of transmission fiber, S DCF : the dispersion slope of the dispersion compensating fiber;
the optical amplifier compensation is used for compensating the attenuation introduced by the dispersion compensation and transmission optical fiber. The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the phase-stabilized transmission system directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between reference signals returned by each substation, does not need absolute full-rate phase compensation of optical links of each substation, only needs relative compensation among the substations, ensures phase consistency among the substations, and reduces the compensation range requirement of a delay compensation module.
The reference signal in the phase-stabilized transmission system adopts a variable-frequency reference source, the reference frequency is positively correlated with the delay resolution, such as the reference frequency is 1GHz, at the moment, the delay precision is 2.78ps, and when the reference frequency is 10GHz, the delay precision is changed into 0.278ps, so that the frequency of the reference signal can be changed in real time according to the phase precision requirement and the amplitude-phase monitoring phase jitter range, higher phase monitoring precision is obtained, and the adaptive range of the system is improved.
The phase-stable transmission system adopts a multi-stage delay compensation scheme of an electric control optical fiber delay line and an optical switch optical fiber delay line and the temperature control of the optical switch optical fiber delay line, and ensures that the whole delay compensation module realizes continuous, large-dynamic-range and high-precision delay compensation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a delay compensation module in a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilized transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dispersion compensation and optical amplification module in a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilized transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The system comprises a main signal light emitting module 100, a main signal laser 110, a main signal modulator 120, a main signal optical splitter 130, a reference light transceiving module 200, a reference light laser 210, a reference light modulator 220, a reference light optical splitter 230, a reference optical wavelength division multiplexer 240, a photoelectric detector 250, a phase monitoring and control module 300, a reference signal unit 310, a phase monitoring unit 320, a compensation control unit 330, a delay compensation module 400, an electric control optical fiber delay line 410, an optical switch optical fiber delay line 420, a dispersion compensation and optical amplification module 500, a dispersion compensation optical fiber 510, an optical amplifier 520, a signal return module 600, a signal return wavelength division multiplexer 610, a signal shift filter 620 and a main signal light receiving module 700.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings 1-3.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, where two substations are taken as an example. As shown in the figure, the long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave fiber phase-stabilized transmission system in this embodiment includes a main signal light emitting module 100, a reference light transceiving module 200, an amplitude and phase monitoring and controlling module 300, a delay compensation module 400, a dispersion compensation and light amplification module 500, a signal returning module 600, and a main signal light receiving module 700.
As shown in fig. 1, the main signal optical transmitting module 100 includes a main signal laser 110, a main signal modulator 120, and a main signal optical splitter 130, where the main signal optical splitter 130 is not limited to 1 × 2, and an appropriate splitter may be selected according to the number of the splitting stations. The central wavelength of the main signal laser 110 is λ 1, and the main signal laser is connected to the main signal modulator 120, the main signal modulator 120 is a mach-zehnder modulator, the high-frequency broadband microwave signal RF1 is loaded onto an optical carrier with the central wavelength of λ 1 through the main signal modulator 120 in an external modulation manner, and the main signal is split by the main signal optical splitter 130 to be distributed to optical links of different branch sites.
As the main signal RF1 is a high-frequency broadband microwave signal and the phase discrimination is difficult to detect directly, another reference signal RF2 is used for monitoring the phase jitter of the optical link, and the optical transceiving function of the reference signal is implemented by the reference optical transceiving module 200, as shown in fig. 1, the reference optical transceiving module 200 includes a reference optical laser 210, a reference optical modulator 220, a reference optical splitter 230, a reference optical wavelength division multiplexer 240 and an optical detector 250, the reference optical splitter 230 is not limited to 1 × 2, and similarly, the number of the reference optical wavelength division multiplexer 240 and the optical detector 250 is determined according to the number of the substations. The center wavelength of the reference optical laser 210 is λ 2, and the reference optical laser is connected to the reference optical modulator 220, the reference optical modulator 220 employs a mach-zehnder modulator, the reference signal RF2 is loaded onto an optical carrier with the center wavelength of λ 2 through the reference optical modulator 220 in an external modulation manner, and meanwhile, the reference optical splitter 230 is employed to split the signal, distribute the reference signal to optical links of different substations, and multiplex the reference signal and a main signal of a corresponding substation into the same optical link through the reference optical wavelength division multiplexer 240, thereby implementing transmission of the reference signal. The photodetector 250 is configured to perform photoelectric conversion on the reference signal RF2 fed back from each substation, and send the reference signal RF2 to the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module 300.
As shown in fig. 2, the multiplexed signals enter the delay compensation module 400 together, and the delay compensation module 400 includes an electrically controlled optical fiber delay line 410 and an optical switch optical fiber delay line 420. The electric optical fiber delay line 410 can realize the delay amount of 1ns at most, and the resolution is 2fs. The optical switch optical fiber delay line 420 is formed by cascading optical fibers of different lengths with an optical switch (the shortest optical fiber length is positioned at L, and other optical fiber lengths are 2 N The x L relationship increases step by step), the light path is made to be different along the optical path by controlling the state of the optical switchThe delay is changed by the transmission of the length optical fiber, the delay resolution of the system is determined by the length (L) of the minimum optical fiber, and the minimum delay of the optical fiber switch delay line is 1ns in the embodiment in consideration of the connection with the electric optical fiber delay line. The prior optical switch optical fiber delay line 420 compensates the delay more than 1ns, the delay less than 1ns is compensated by the electric control optical fiber delay line 410, and the multistage delay compensation scheme can realize large dynamic and high-precision delay compensation. Since temperature changes cause changes in the refractive index and length of the fiber, and thus in the transmission delay of the fiber, temperature control of the optical switch fiber delay line 420 is required to improve compensation accuracy.
As shown in fig. 3, the signal passing through the delay compensation module 400 then enters a dispersion compensation and optical amplification module 500, and the dispersion compensation and optical amplification module 500 includes a Dispersion Compensation Fiber (DCF) 510 and an optical amplifier (EDFA) 520. The dispersion compensation should satisfy equations (1) and (2):
D TF ×L TF +D DCF ×L DCF ＝0 (1)
D TF : dispersion of the transmission fiber; l is TF : a length of transmission fiber; d DCF : dispersion of the dispersion compensating fiber; l is a radical of an alcohol DCF : the length of the dispersion compensating fiber.
S TF ×L TF +S DCF ×L DCF ＝0 (2)
S TF : the dispersion slope of the transmission fiber; s. the DCF : the dispersion slope of the dispersion compensating fiber.
The optical amplifier (EDFA) 520 should be able to compensate for the attenuation introduced by the Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) 510 and the transmission fiber, but not too high a power to cause nonlinear effects in the fiber.
After passing through the dispersion compensation and optical amplification module 500, the signal enters the signal returning module 600, and the internal structure of the signal returning module 600 is shown in fig. 1, where the signal returning module 600 includes a signal returning wavelength division multiplexer 610 and a wave shifter 620. The signal returning wavelength division multiplexer 610 separates the optical carriers λ 1 and λ 2 carrying the main signal and the reference signal, the wavelength of the optical carrier λ 2 is changed to λ 3 after entering the wave shifter 620, for the transmission system adopting phase correction, if the forward transmission wavelength is the same as the backward transmission wavelength, the backward rayleigh scattering will cause the performance deterioration of the system, and the wave shifter 620 is used for returning the reference signal with returning after changing the wavelength, so as to reduce the influence of rayleigh scattering. The optical carrier λ 3 is still multiplexed into the signal for backtransmission by the wdm 610. The optical carrier λ 3 returned by each substation is demodulated by the reference optical wavelength division multiplexer 240, and at the same time, the photoelectric conversion is performed by the photodetector 250, and the reference signal RF2 is fed back to the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module 300.
The amplitude-phase monitoring and controlling module 300 is configured to perform phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring on a reference signal RF2 with phase jitter information returned by each substation, and in a current phase-stabilized transmission system, a reference signal returned by each substation and a local reference signal are subjected to direct phase discrimination, and then a delay compensation module is controlled to perform delay compensation on an optical link of each substation. The phase-stabilized transmission system directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between reference signals returned by each substation, and because the relative phase jitter between the optical links of each substation is lower than the maximum absolute phase jitter in the optical links of each substation, the phase consistency between the substations is ensured, the compensation range requirement of a delay compensation module is reduced, absolute full-rate phase compensation of the optical links of each substation is not required, and only relative compensation between the substations is required. Meanwhile, the reference signal unit 310 uses a variable frequency reference source, and can change the frequency of the reference signal in real time according to the phase precision requirement and the phase jitter range of the amplitude and phase monitoring unit 320. After the amplitude and phase monitoring unit 320 monitors, the compensation control unit 330 feeds back the phase jitter information, i.e. delay, of the link caused by the external environment to the delay compensation module 400 for compensation, where ns is taken as a unit, the integer part of the delay is compensated by the optical switch delay line 420, and the remaining decimal part is compensated by the electrical control optical fiber delay line 410.
The main signal light receiving module 700 is located at a substation, and is composed of a broadband photodetector, and is used for demodulating the broadband main signal RF1 after delay compensation.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the disclosed embodiments. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be determined with reference to the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission system is characterized by comprising a main signal light emitting module (100), a reference light receiving and transmitting module (200), an amplitude and phase monitoring and controlling module (300), a time delay compensating module (400), a dispersion compensating and light amplifying module (500), a signal returning module (600) and a main signal light receiving module (700);
the main signal optical transmitting module (100) is used for modulating a high-frequency broadband microwave signal of a main signal and distributing the high-frequency broadband microwave signal to optical links of different substations;
the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module (300) is used for generating sending reference signals distributed to different substations, monitoring and adjusting amplitude and phase among the returning reference signals fed back by each substation, and controlling the delay compensation module (400) to compensate the sending reference signals;
the reference optical transceiver module (200) is configured to allocate a transmission reference signal to optical links of different substations, and multiplex the main signal and the transmission reference signal of a corresponding substation into the same optical link;
the delay compensation module (400) is used for compensating the optical link phase jitter of different substations;
the dispersion compensation and optical amplification module (500) is used for compensating attenuation and dispersion of a long-distance optical fiber link;
the signal postback module (600) is used for separating the main signal and the sending reference signal in the optical links of different substations and postbacking the return reference signal;
the main signal optical receiving module (700) is configured to demodulate the main signal after delay compensation in optical links of different substations;
the amplitude and phase monitoring and control module (300) comprises a reference signal unit (310), an amplitude and phase monitoring unit (320) and a compensation control unit (330);
the reference signal unit (310) adopts a variable frequency signal source, and the numerical value of the frequency of the transmitted reference signal is subjected to feedback control by an amplitude-phase monitoring unit (320) according to the phase jitter condition of the optical link;
the amplitude and phase monitoring unit (320) directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between the returned reference signals returned by the substations;
the delay compensation module (400) comprises an electric control optical fiber delay line (410) and an optical switch optical fiber delay line (420), wherein the electric control optical fiber delay line (410) is used for compensating the delay below 1ns, and the optical switch optical fiber delay line (420) is used for compensating the delay above 1 ns;
the dispersion compensation and optical amplification module (500) comprises a dispersion compensation fiber (510) and an optical amplifier (520), wherein the dispersion compensation of the dispersion compensation fiber (510) satisfies the requirement
D TF ×L TF +D DCF ×L DCF ＝0
D TF : dispersion, L, of transmission fiber TF : length of transmission fiber, D DCF : dispersion, L, of a dispersion compensating fiber DCF : a length of dispersion compensating fiber;
S TF ×L TF +S DCF ×L DCF ＝0
S TF : dispersion slope of transmission fiber, S DCF : the dispersion slope of the dispersion compensating fiber;
-said optical amplifier (520) compensates for attenuation introduced by said dispersion compensating fiber (510) and transmission fiber;
the signal returning module (600) comprises a signal returning wavelength division multiplexer (610) and a wave shifter (620), wherein the wave shifter (620) is used for converting the wavelength of the sending reference signal to generate the returning reference signal; the signal return wavelength division multiplexer (610) is configured to separate the transmitted reference signal received from the primary site and to return the wavelength-converted return reference signal to the primary site.
2. A long-distance distributed large dynamic microwave optical fiber phase-stabilizing transmission method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a master station multiplexes a main signal and a transmission reference signal which are respectively transmitted to each substation into the same optical link;
s2, each substation respectively separates the received sending reference signal from the main signal and transmits the returned reference signal back to the main station;
s3, the master station carries out amplitude-phase monitoring on the returned reference signals returned by the substations and compensates the signals transmitted to the substations;
s4, each substation receives the compensated main signal and demodulates the main signal;
in step S2, after the sending reference signal is separated, the wavelength of the sending reference signal is converted to generate the returning reference signal, and the returning reference signal with the converted wavelength is multiplexed to the optical link and transmitted back to the master station;
in step S3, the master station directly performs phase discrimination and amplitude monitoring between the returned reference signals returned by the respective slave stations;
in step S3, multi-stage delay compensation is adopted for compensating signals transmitted to each substation, and an integer part of the signals more than 1ns and a decimal part of the signals less than 1ns are compensated respectively;
in step S3, dispersion compensation and optical amplifier compensation are also included, the dispersion compensation satisfying formula (1) and formula (2)
D TF ×L TF +D DCF ×L DCF ＝0……(1)
D TF : dispersion, L, of transmission fiber TF : length of transmission fiber, D DCF : dispersion, L, of a dispersion compensating fiber DCF : a length of dispersion compensating fiber;
S TF ×L TF +S DCF ×L DCF ＝0……(2)
S TF : dispersion slope of transmission fiber, S DCF : the dispersion slope of the dispersion compensating fiber;
the optical amplifier compensation is used for compensating the attenuation introduced by the dispersion compensation and transmission optical fiber.
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