CN110746036B - Low-carbon-source sewage autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification device and method - Google Patents
Low-carbon-source sewage autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an autotrophic denitrification advanced nitrogen removal device, and belongs to the technical field of advanced nitrogen removal of wastewater. The device comprises an adjusting tank, a reactor and a sedimentation tank, wherein a sludge discharge area is arranged at the bottom end in the reactor, a water distribution pipe is arranged above the sludge discharge area, a filter screen is arranged between the sludge discharge area and the water distribution pipe for separation, a reaction area is arranged above the water distribution pipe, and a gas collection area is arranged above the reaction area. The device constructs an autotrophic denitrification biological filter bed, and optimizes the types and the proportion of the fillers in the reaction zone. The invention also discloses an autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification method, which optimizes the operation mode and operation conditions, improves the biological activity and denitrification capability of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in the system, thereby reducing the starting time, enhancing the denitrification effect of the system, having the characteristics of low energy consumption, quick reaction, no secondary pollution and the like, and solving the problems of long starting time, high concentration of sulfate radicals in effluent, easy blockage, easy outflow of sulfur and the like in the process of treating low-carbon-source sewage by the existing autotrophic denitrification technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage purification treatment, and more particularly belongs to the technical field of deep denitrification of wastewater. In particular to a low-carbon source sewage autotrophic denitrification advanced nitrogen removal device and a method.
Background
With the development of industry and the improvement of living standard of people in China, the nitrogen emission in production and life is also increased sharply. At present, various water environment quality standards and water treatment pollutant discharge standards in China only stipulate the limit values of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, but do not implement restrictive stipulation on nitrate nitrogen. For example, the highest allowable discharge standards of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen primary A are respectively 5 (8) and 15mg/L in the pollutant discharge Standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). Therefore, although some environmental water bodies or tail water of sewage treatment plants reach the quality standard or the emission standard, the content of nitrate nitrogen in the environmental water bodies or the tail water still is high. The increase of nitrogen elements in the water body not only can frequently cause water body eutrophication, but also can generate great harm to aquatic organisms and ecological environment. Therefore, with the continuous improvement of the scientific and technological level of China, the reduction of the total nitrogen content in the water body by removing nitrate nitrogen is of more and more concern.
At present, the most widely applied waste water denitrification nitrogen is heterotrophic denitrification technology. The principle is as follows: under aerobic condition, nitrite bacteria and nitrobacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and finally under anoxic condition, nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen through denitrification. Among them, the denitrification reaction has many factors, mainly including dissolved oxygen, sludge age, temperature, C/N, etc. In the heterotrophic denitrification technology, the denitrifying bacteria used are heterotrophic facultative anaerobic bacteria. When the wastewater with low carbon-nitrogen ratio is treated, a large amount of organic carbon sources are added, and the amount of the carbon sources required to be added for different water qualities and water amounts is different, so that the cost of wastewater treatment is increased, and the operation difficulty is increased. Therefore, the search for an efficient and economical deep denitrification method has become a great concern in the field of wastewater denitrification at present.
The autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification technology is characterized in that under the anoxic condition, autotrophic denitrifying bacteria take inorganic substances such as hydrogen, elemental sulfur and compounds thereof, elemental iron and the like as electron donors to reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen. The autotrophic denitrification technology has the advantages of high denitrification efficiency, no additional carbon source, low cost and the like. At present, most of the common autotrophic denitrification technologies mainly comprise sulfur autotrophic denitrification and iron autotrophic denitrification. But the application of this technique is limited for some reasons. Such as: the sulfur is taken as the reactor of the electron donor, and the concentration of the sulfate radical in the effluent is too high; the sulfur has low hardness and is easy to flow out along with the effluent; the iron autotrophic bacteria have the advantages of high reaction rate, low alkalinity consumption and by-products, slow growth and long starting time. Therefore, the development of a novel, safe and efficient autotrophic denitrification treatment device has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification device, which optimizes the types and the proportion of fillers, optimizes the operation mode and the operation conditions and improves the biological activity and the denitrification capability of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in a system by constructing an autotrophic denitrification biological filter bed, thereby reducing the starting time, enhancing the denitrification effect of the system and having the characteristics of low energy consumption, quick reaction, no secondary pollution and the like.
On the other hand, the autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification method is provided, and solves the problems of long start-up time, high concentration of sulfate radicals in effluent, easy blockage, easy outflow of sulfur and the like in the process of treating low-carbon source sewage by the existing autotrophic denitrification technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-carbon-source sewage autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification device comprises an adjusting tank, a reactor and a sedimentation tank, wherein a pH probe and a dissolved oxygen probe are arranged in the adjusting tank, the pH probe is connected with an automatic pH control system, and the dissolved oxygen probe is connected with an automatic dissolved oxygen control system;
the bottom of the regulating reservoir is connected with the bottom of the reactor through a water inlet pump, a water inlet valve, a water inlet flow meter and a three-way valve, and sewage flows out of the regulating reservoir and enters the reactor through the water inlet pump, the water inlet valve, the water inlet flow meter and the three-way valve;
a sludge discharge area is arranged at the bottom end in the reactor, a water distribution pipe is arranged above the sludge discharge area, a filter screen is arranged between the sludge discharge area and the water distribution pipe for separation, a limestone filler I layer, a composite filler layer and a limestone filler II layer are sequentially arranged above the water distribution pipe, and the limestone filler I layer, the composite filler layer and the limestone filler II layer form a reaction area;
overflow weirs are arranged on two sides of the top end of the reactor, overflow grooves are arranged on the outer sides of the overflow weirs, a back-flushing water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the overflow groove on one side of the overflow weirs, and the back-flushing water outlet is connected to a water inlet of the regulating tank through a back-flushing water discharge valve; the bottom of the overflow groove on the other side is provided with a reactor water outlet which is connected to a water inlet of the sedimentation tank through a drain valve;
the top of the reactor is provided with a movable sealing cover, a three-phase separator is arranged in the movable sealing cover, a gas collection area is formed inside the three-phase separator and between the three-phase separator and the movable sealing cover, the top end of the three-phase separator is connected with an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe extends to the outer end of the movable sealing cover, and the outer end of the exhaust pipe is provided with a barometer and an automatic exhaust valve;
the bottom of the sedimentation tank is provided with a sedimentation tank mud valve, the top of the sedimentation tank is provided with a sedimentation tank water outlet, and the inner side of the sedimentation tank water outlet is provided with a sedimentation tank overflow weir.
Preferably, the first end of the three-way valve is connected with a water inlet flow meter, the second end of the three-way valve is connected with a water inlet of the reactor, the third end of the three-way valve is connected with a back-flushing water inlet flow meter, the back-flushing water inlet flow meter is connected with a back-flushing pump through a back-flushing water inlet valve, and the back-flushing pump is externally connected with a clean water tank.
Preferably, the inner wall of the reactor is provided with an air backwashing pipe, and the air backwashing pipe is connected with an air compressor through an air inlet flow meter and an air inlet valve.
Preferably, a reactor base is arranged at the bottom of the reactor.
Preferably, the sludge discharge area is of a V-shaped structure.
Preferably, the composite filler layer is formed by uniformly mixing sulfur particles, siderite particles and wood chips according to the volume ratio of 1-2:5-6: 0.5-1.
A low-carbon source sewage autotrophic denitrification deep denitrification method comprises a starting stage and an operating stage, and comprises the following specific steps:
a starting stage:
s101: sewage enters the regulating tank from a water inlet of the regulating tank, the quality and the quantity of inlet water of the system are regulated, and a proper amount of trace element solution beneficial to the propagation of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria is added;
s102: opening a movable sealing cover to add activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant cultured in an anoxic way in advance into a reactor, feeding sewage of an adjusting tank into the reactor from a water distribution pipe through a water inlet valve, a water inlet flow meter and a three-way valve by a water inlet pump, adjusting the water inlet flow to ensure that the hydraulic retention time is 24 hours, growing and propagating autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in a reaction zone and gradually forming a biological membrane, feeding the effluent after reaction into an overflow tank through an overflow weir, finally flowing out of the reactor into a sedimentation tank through a water outlet of the reactor and a water discharge valve, collecting nitrogen generated in the reaction process by a three-phase separator, discharging the nitrogen from a gas collection zone after the pressure of the gas collection zone reaches a set value, and discharging the nitrogen from an automatic exhaust valve through an exhaust pipe, wherein the successful start of the reactor can be regarded as when the removal rate of nitrate state nitrogen in the effluent of the reactor reaches more than 80%;
and (3) an operation stage:
s201: sewage enters the regulating tank from a water inlet of the regulating tank, and the water quality and the water quantity of inlet water of the system are regulated;
s202: sewage enters the reactor through the regulating reservoir through a water inlet pump, a water inlet valve, a water inlet flow meter and a three-way valve, the sewage sequentially passes through a limestone filler I layer, a composite filler layer and a limestone filler II layer which are subjected to film formation from bottom to top through a water distribution pipe, and the water inlet flow is regulated to ensure that the hydraulic retention time is 3-8 hours;
s203: under the anoxic environment, sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in the activated sludge utilize electrons S and Fe provided by the composite filler in the composite filler layer2+Reducing nitrate nitrogen in water into nitrogen and discharging the nitrogen through an automatic exhaust valve, wherein S and Fe are generated in the process2+Are oxidized to SO respectively4 2-And Fe3+；
S204: the sewage after the autotrophic denitrification reaction in the S203 enters the overflow groove through the overflow weir, finally enters the sedimentation tank through the water outlet of the reactor and the drain valve, and the phosphate radical and the Fe in the water3+And the ferric phosphate precipitate generated by the reaction is precipitated in a sedimentation tank and then discharged through a mud valve of the sedimentation tank, and nitrogen generated by the reaction is collected by a three-phase separator and then discharged through an automatic exhaust valve through an exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the pH value of the inlet water in the S101 is kept between 7.0 and 8.0, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the inlet water is 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L.
Preferably, the composition of the microelement solution in S101 is as follows: na (Na)2MoO4·2H2O 1.0g/L；FeSO4·7H2O 38.0g/L；CaCO3 2.0 g/L；ZnSO4·7H2O 1.5g/L；MnCl2·4H2O 1.0g/L；CuSO4·5H2O 0.25g/L；COCl2·6H2O 0.25g/L；NiC12·6H2O 0.25g/L；H3BO3 0.5g/L；HCl (32wt%) 50.0g/L。
Preferably, the pH value of the inlet water in the S201 is kept between 7.0 and 8.0, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the inlet water is 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the technical scheme of the deep denitrification method based on autotrophic denitrification, no additional carbon source is needed even under the condition of a low carbon source, and the deep denitrification of the sewage can be realized without stirring the system, so that the treatment and operation cost is greatly reduced.
2. According to the technical scheme of the deep denitrification device based on autotrophic denitrification, the type and the proportion of the filler are optimized, the operation mode and the operation conditions are optimized, and the biological activity and the autotrophic denitrification capability of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in the system are improved, so that the starting time is shortened, and the denitrification effect is enhanced.
3. In the prior art, the sulfur autotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal rate is high, but the sulfate radical concentration of the effluent is high, while the iron autotrophic denitrifying bacteria grow slowly and have long starting time. The composite filler in the denitrification device improves the proportion of sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria and iron autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in a reaction system through reasonable proportioning of the sulfur and the siderite, thereby reducing the concentration of sulfate radicals in effluent and simultaneously having better denitrification rate and effect.
4. According to the invention, a small amount of heterogeneous denitrification exists in the autotrophic denitrification system by adding the solid-phase carbon source-wood dust with a proper proportion into the denitrification device, so that the alkalinity complementation can be realized, the yield of sulfate radicals in the autotrophic denitrification process can be reduced, and energy is provided for the growth and the propagation of denitrifying bacteria, thereby reducing the starting time of the system.
5. The limestone filler layer, the composite filler layer and the limestone filler layer which are arranged in the reaction area in the denitrification device take the limestone filler layer as a filter screen, so that the system can be supplied with alkalinity, and sulfur particles in the composite filler are prevented from flowing out of the system along with effluent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an autotrophic denitrification advanced nitrogen removal apparatus in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a reactor in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom transverse sectional view of the gas collection zone of the reactor in example 1 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a regulating tank, 2, a pH automatic control system, 3, a pH probe, 4, a dissolved oxygen probe, 5, a dissolved oxygen automatic control system, 6, a water inlet pump, 7, a water inlet valve, 8, a water inlet flow meter, 9, a backwashing pump, 10, a backwashing water inlet valve, 11, a backwashing water inlet flow meter, 12, a sedimentation tank, 13, a sedimentation tank mud valve, 14, a sedimentation tank water outlet, 15, a sedimentation tank overflow weir, 16, a reactor, 17, a three-way valve, 18, a reactor base, 19, a filter screen, 20, a mud discharge area, 21, a mud discharge valve, 22, a water distribution pipe, 23, an air compressor, 24, an air inlet valve, 25, an air inlet flow meter, 26 and a limestone filler II layer; 27. the device comprises a drain valve 28, a reactor water outlet 29, an overflow groove 30, an overflow weir 31, a gas collection area 32, an automatic exhaust valve 33, a barometer 34, a three-phase separator 35, a movable sealing cover 36, a back flushing water outlet 37, a back flushing drain valve 38, a composite packing layer 39, a gas back flushing pipe 40, a limestone packing I layer 41 and an exhaust pipe.
Detailed Description
For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the low-carbon source sewage autotrophic denitrification advanced nitrogen removal device of the embodiment. The device includes equalizing basin 1, reactor 16, sedimentation tank 12, be equipped with pH probe 3 and dissolved oxygen probe 4 in the equalizing basin 1, pH probe 3 connects pH automatic control system 2, dissolved oxygen probe 4 connects dissolved oxygen automatic control system 5, and pH automatic control system 2 is used for monitoring the pH of sewage in the equalizing basin 1, and dissolved oxygen automatic control system 5 is used for monitoring the dissolved oxygen concentration of sewage in the equalizing basin 1.
The bottom of the regulating reservoir 1 is provided with a water outlet, the bottom of the reactor 16 is provided with a water inlet, the water outlet of the regulating reservoir 1 is connected with the water inlet of the reactor 16 through a pipeline, a water inlet pump 6, a water inlet valve 7, a water inlet flow meter 8 and a three-way valve 17 are installed on the pipeline, and sewage in the regulating reservoir 1 enters the reactor 16 through the water inlet pump 6, the water inlet valve 7, the water inlet flow meter 8 and the three-way valve 17.
As shown in FIG. 2, a reactor base 18 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor 16, a sludge discharge area 20 is arranged at the bottom end in the reactor 16, preferably, the sludge discharge area 20 is of a V-shaped structure, a filter screen 19 is arranged above the sludge discharge area 20, and further preferably, the aperture of the filter screen 19 is 5-9 mm. A water distribution pipe 22 is arranged above the filter screen 19, sewage enters the water distribution pipe 22 through a three-way valve 17, and the bottom of a sludge discharge area 20 is connected with a sludge discharge valve 21 to discharge sludge. When the sludge discharge area 20 is designed to be a V-shaped structure, the sludge can be conveniently precipitated by the inverted conical structure and discharged through the bottom of the sludge discharge area 20 through the sludge discharge valve 21.
A limestone filler I layer 40, a composite filler layer 38 and a limestone filler II layer 26 are sequentially arranged above the water distribution pipe 22, the limestone filler I layer 40, the composite filler layer 38 and the limestone filler II layer 26 form a reaction zone, and the reaction zone is preferably cylindrical. The volume ratio of the sludge discharge area 20 to the reaction area is 1: 15-20.
As shown in fig. 2, overflow weirs 30 are arranged on both sides of the top end of the reactor 16, an overflow trough 29 is arranged on the outer side of the overflow weir 30, a back flush water outlet 36 is arranged at the bottom of the overflow trough 29 on one side, and the back flush water outlet 36 is connected to the water inlet of the regulating tank 1 through a back flush water outlet 37; the bottom of the overflow tank 29 on the other side is provided with a reactor drain 28, and the reactor drain 28 is connected to the inlet of the sedimentation tank 12 through a drain valve 27.
As shown in fig. 1, a sedimentation tank mud valve 13 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 12, a sedimentation tank water outlet 14 is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank 12, and a sedimentation tank overflow weir 15 is arranged at the inner side of the sedimentation tank water outlet 14.
As shown in fig. 2, a movable sealing cover 35 is disposed on the top of the reactor 16, the movable sealing cover 35 and the reactor 16 are fixed by screws, and a sealing gasket is disposed in the middle to ensure the tightness of the reactor. Preferably, the movable sealing cover 35 is a detachable conical structure, so that gas can be conveniently collected. Referring to fig. 3, a three-phase separator 34 is arranged in the movable sealing cover 35, a gas collection area 31 is formed inside the three-phase separator 34 and between the three-phase separator 34 and the movable sealing cover 35, the top end of the three-phase separator 34 is connected with an exhaust pipe 41, the exhaust pipe 41 extends to the outer end of the movable sealing cover 35, a barometer 33 and an automatic exhaust valve 32 are arranged at the outer end of the exhaust pipe 41, a float bowl and a valve rod are arranged in the automatic exhaust valve 32, when the gas pressure in the gas collection area 31 is greater than the system pressure, the float bowl can fall down to drive the valve rod to move downwards, the valve rod is opened, and the gas is exhausted; when the gas pressure is lower than the system pressure, the float bowl rises to drive the valve rod to move upwards, and the valve port is closed, so that an oxygen-deficient environment is provided for the interior of the reactor. The automatic exhaust valve 32 is continuously cycled. Wherein the system pressure may be set to 0.1 MPa.
As shown in fig. 1, a first end of the three-way valve 17 is connected with a water inlet flow meter 8, a second end is connected with a water inlet of the reactor 16, a third end is connected with a back flush water inlet flow meter 11, the back flush water inlet flow meter 11 is connected with a back flush pump 9 through a back flush water inlet valve 10, and the back flush pump 9 is externally connected with a clean water tank.
As shown in fig. 2, an air backwash pipe 39 is provided on the inner wall of the reactor 16, and the air backwash pipe 39 is connected to the air compressor 23 through the air inlet flow meter 25 and the air inlet valve 24. The compressed gas produced by the air compressor 23 enters the gas backwash pipe 39,
in the technical scheme, the diameter-height ratio of the reaction zone is 1:2.5-4, the diameter-height ratio of the gas collection zone is 3-3.5:1, and the ratio of the top of the reaction zone to the bottom of the gas collection zone is 1: 1.5.
In the technical scheme, the height ratio of the limestone filler I layer 40, the composite filler layer 38 and the limestone filler II layer 26 is 1:10-12: 1. Further, the composite filler layer 38 is formed by uniformly mixing sulfur particles, siderite particles and wood chips according to a volume ratio of 1-2:5-6: 0.5-1. Further, the particle size of the limestone filler in the limestone filler I layer 40 and the limestone filler II layer 26 is 10-15mm, the particle size of the sulfur particles in the composite filler layer 38 is 2-5mm, the particle size of the siderite particles is 2-5mm, and the particle size of the sawdust is 0.5-1 mm. Furthermore, the limestone filler in the limestone filler I layer 40 and the limestone filler II layer 26 and the siderite particles in the composite filler layer 38 are irregular particles, so that autotrophic denitrifying bacteria can attach to the particles conveniently.
In the above technical scheme, the adjusting tank 1, the reactor 16 and the sedimentation tank 12 can be adjusted in volume according to practical application.
Example 2
On the basis of the low-carbon-source sewage autotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal device in the embodiment 1, the embodiment is a low-carbon-source sewage autotrophic denitrification nitrogen removal method, which comprises a starting stage and an operating stage, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
a starting stage:
s101: sewage enters the regulating tank 1 from a water inlet of the regulating tank 1, the quality and the quantity of inlet water of the system are regulated, the pH of the inlet water is regulated by the pH automatic control system 2 to be kept at 7.0-8.0, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the inlet water is regulated to be 0.5-1.5mg/L by the dissolved oxygen automatic control system 5, and a proper amount of trace element solution which is beneficial to the propagation of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria is added. By creating an environment which is favorable for the growth and the propagation of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, the membrane is quickly hung, and the system starting time is further shortened. Composition of the microelement solution (g/L): na (Na)2MoO4·2H2O 1.0；FeSO4·7H2O 38.0；CaCO3 2.0；ZnSO4·7H2O 1.5；MnCl2·4H2O 1.0；CuSO4·5H2O 0.25；COCl2·6H2O 0.25；NiC12·6H2O 0.25；H3BO3 0.5；HCl (32wt%) 50.0；
S102: the movable sealing cover 35 is opened to add a proper amount of activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant which is cultured in an anoxic way in advance into the reactor 16. The sewage in the regulating reservoir 1 enters the reactor 16 from the water distribution pipe 22 through the water inlet pump 6, the water inlet valve 7, the water inlet flow meter 8 and the three-way valve 17. Regulating the inflow rate to ensure that the hydraulic retention time is 24 hours, and the autotrophic denitrifying bacteria grow and breed in the reaction zone and gradually form a biological membrane. The effluent after the reaction enters an overflow groove 29 through an overflow weir 30, and finally flows out of the reactor 16 through a reactor water outlet 28 and a drain valve 27 to enter the sedimentation tank 12. After the nitrogen generated in the reaction process is collected by the three-phase separator 34 and the pressure of the gas collection area 31 reaches a set value, the nitrogen is exhausted from the automatic exhaust valve 32 through the exhaust pipe 41. When the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen in the effluent of the reactor 16 reaches more than 80 percent, the reactor 16 is considered to be successfully started.
In this embodiment, the activated sludge of the sewage treatment plant is subjected to anoxic culture in advance according to a conventional anoxic treatment method, and the anoxic treatment method of the sludge is the prior art and is not described herein again.
And (3) an operation stage:
s201: sewage enters the regulating tank 1 from a water inlet of the regulating tank 1, the quality and the quantity of inlet water of the system are regulated, the pH value of the inlet water quality is kept between 7.0 and 8.0, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the inlet water quality is 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L;
s202: sewage enters the reactor 16 through the regulating reservoir 1 through the water inlet pump 6, the water inlet valve 7, the water inlet flow meter 8 and the three-way valve 17, the sewage sequentially passes through the limestone filler I layer 40, the composite filler layer 38 and the limestone filler II layer 26 which are finished with film formation from bottom to top through the water distribution pipe 22, and the water inlet flow is regulated at the moment to ensure that the hydraulic retention time is 3-8 hours;
s203: under the anoxic environment, the sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in the activated sludge utilize the electrons S and Fe provided by the composite filler in the composite filler layer 382+The nitrate nitrogen in the water is reduced to nitrogen and discharged through an automatic exhaust valve 32, during which S and Fe are discharged2+Are oxidized to SO respectively4 2-And Fe3+. The limestone filler layer 38 not only provides alkalinity for the reaction, but also prevents sulfur particles in the limestone filler layer from flowing out of the system;
the autotrophic denitrification reaction performed in the step mainly comprises the following steps:
1.1S+NO3 -+0.4CO2+0.76H2O+0.08NH4 +→0.08C2H7O2+0.5N2+1.1SO4 2-+1.28H+
NO3 -+0.33FeS2+0.67H2O→12N2+0.67SO4 2-+0.33Fe(OH)3+0.33H+
s204: the sewage after the autotrophic denitrification reaction in the S203 enters the overflow groove 29 through the overflow weir 30, finally enters the sedimentation tank 12 through the reactor water outlet 28 and the drain valve 27, and the phosphate radicals and the Fe in the water3+The ferric phosphate precipitate generated by the reaction is precipitated in a sedimentation tank and then discharged through a mud valve 13 of the sedimentation tank. The nitrogen gas generated by the reaction is collected by the three-phase separator 34 and discharged through the automatic exhaust valve 32 via the exhaust pipe 41.
After the reactor 16 is operated for a period of time, the packing layer (limestone packing layer I, composite packing layer and limestone packing layer II) is flushed by the gas back-flushing system. At this time, the water inlet ends of the water inlet pump 6, the water inlet valve 7, the water discharge valve 27 and the three-way valve 17 are closed. The air compressor 23 and the air inlet valve 24 are opened, and the air inlet flow meter 25 is adjusted to a proper flow rate. Compressed gas enters the reactor 16 through a gas backwash pipe 39 in the reactor 16 to flush the packing layer. The gas exits the reactor 16 through an automatic vent valve 32. The air compressor 23 and the intake valve 24 are closed. Then the back flush pump 9, the back flush water inlet valve 10 and the back flush water outlet valve 37 are opened to flush the reactor 16, and the outlet water flows into the regulating reservoir 1 through the back flush water outlet 36.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The device is characterized by comprising an adjusting tank, a reactor and a sedimentation tank, wherein a pH probe and a dissolved oxygen probe are arranged in the adjusting tank, the pH probe is connected with an automatic pH control system, the automatic pH control system is used for monitoring the pH of the sewage in the adjusting tank, the dissolved oxygen probe is connected with an automatic dissolved oxygen control system, and the automatic dissolved oxygen control system is used for monitoring the dissolved oxygen concentration of the sewage in the adjusting tank;
the bottom of the regulating tank is provided with a water outlet, the bottom of the reactor is provided with a water inlet, the water outlet of the regulating tank is connected with the water inlet of the reactor through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a water inlet pump, a water inlet valve, a water inlet flow meter and a three-way valve, and sewage in the regulating tank enters the reactor through the water inlet pump, the water inlet valve, the water inlet flow meter and the three-way valve;
the reactor is characterized in that a reactor base is arranged at the bottom of the reactor, a sludge discharge area with a V-shaped structure is arranged at the bottom in the reactor, a filter screen with the aperture of 5-9 mm is arranged above the sludge discharge area, a water distribution pipe is arranged above the filter screen, sewage enters the water distribution pipe through a three-way valve, and the bottom of the sludge discharge area is connected with a sludge discharge valve to discharge sludge;
a limestone filler I layer, a composite filler layer and a limestone filler II layer are sequentially arranged above the water distribution pipe, and the limestone filler I layer, the composite filler layer and the limestone filler II layer form a reaction zone; the volume ratio of the sludge discharge area to the reaction area is 1: 15-20;
overflow weirs are arranged on two sides of the top end of the reactor, overflow grooves are arranged on the outer sides of the overflow weirs, a back-flushing water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the overflow groove on one side of the overflow weirs, and the back-flushing water outlet is connected to a water inlet of the regulating tank through a back-flushing water discharge valve; the bottom of the overflow groove on the other side is provided with a reactor water outlet which is connected to a water inlet of the sedimentation tank through a drain valve;
the top of the reactor is provided with a conical movable sealing cover, a three-phase separator is arranged in the movable sealing cover, a gas collection area is formed inside the three-phase separator and between the three-phase separator and the movable sealing cover, the top end of the three-phase separator is connected with an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe extends to the outer end of the movable sealing cover, and the outer end of the exhaust pipe is provided with a barometer and an automatic exhaust valve; a float bowl and a valve rod are arranged in the automatic exhaust valve, when the gas pressure in the gas collection area is higher than the system pressure, the float bowl can fall down to drive the valve rod to move downwards, a valve port is opened, and gas is exhausted; when the gas pressure is lower than the system pressure, the buoy rises to drive the valve rod to move upwards, and the valve port is closed, so that an anoxic environment is provided for the interior of the reactor; wherein the system pressure is set to 0.1 MPa;
a sedimentation tank mud valve is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, a sedimentation tank water outlet is arranged at the top of the sedimentation tank, and a sedimentation tank overflow weir is arranged at the inner side of the sedimentation tank water outlet;
the first end of the three-way valve is connected with a water inlet flow meter, the second end of the three-way valve is connected with a water inlet of the reactor, the third end of the three-way valve is connected with a back-flushing water inlet flow meter, the back-flushing water inlet flow meter is connected with a back-flushing pump through a back-flushing water inlet valve, and the back-flushing pump is externally connected with a clean water tank;
the inner wall of the reactor is provided with an air backwashing pipe, and the air backwashing pipe is connected with an air compressor through an air inlet flowmeter and an air inlet valve;
the ratio of the diameter to the height of the reaction zone is 1:2.5-4, the ratio of the diameter to the height of the gas collection zone is 3-3.5:1, and the ratio of the top of the reaction zone to the bottom of the gas collection zone is 1: 1.5;
the height ratio of the limestone filler I layer to the composite filler layer to the limestone filler II layer is 1:10-12:1, and the particle size of the limestone filler in the limestone filler I layer and the particle size of the limestone filler in the limestone filler II layer are 10-15 mm; the composite filler layer is formed by uniformly mixing 2-5mm sulfur particles, 2-5mm siderite particles and 0.5-1mm sawdust according to a volume ratio of 1-2:5-6: 0.5-1;
the denitrification method of the low-carbon-source sewage autotrophic denitrification advanced denitrification device comprises a starting stage and an operating stage, and comprises the following specific steps of:
a starting stage:
s101: sewage enters the regulating tank from a water inlet of the regulating tank, the quality and the quantity of inlet water of the system are regulated, and a proper amount of trace element solution beneficial to the propagation of autotrophic denitrifying bacteria is added; adjusting the pH of the inlet water to be 7.0-8.0 by a pH automatic control system, and adjusting the dissolved oxygen concentration of the inlet water to be 0.5-1.5mg/L by a dissolved oxygen automatic control system; composition g/L of the microelement solution: na (Na)2MoO4·2H2O 1.0；FeSO4·7H2O 38.0；CaCO3 2.0；ZnSO4·7H2O 1.5；MnCl2·4H2O 1.0；CuSO4·5H2O 0.25；COCl2·6H2O 0.25；NiC12·6H2O 0.25；H3BO30.5; 32wt% HCl 50.0;
s102: opening a movable sealing cover to add activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant cultured in an anoxic way in advance into a reactor, feeding sewage of an adjusting tank into the reactor from a water distribution pipe through a water inlet valve, a water inlet flow meter and a three-way valve by a water inlet pump, adjusting the water inlet flow to ensure that the hydraulic retention time is 24 hours, growing and propagating autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in a reaction zone and gradually forming a biological membrane, feeding the effluent after reaction into an overflow tank through an overflow weir, finally flowing out of the reactor into a sedimentation tank through a water outlet of the reactor and a water discharge valve, collecting nitrogen generated in the reaction process by a three-phase separator, discharging the nitrogen from a gas collection zone after the pressure of the gas collection zone reaches a set value, and discharging the nitrogen from an automatic exhaust valve through an exhaust pipe, wherein the successful start of the reactor can be regarded as when the removal rate of nitrate state nitrogen in the effluent of the reactor reaches more than 80%;
and (3) an operation stage:
s201: sewage enters the regulating tank from a water inlet of the regulating tank, and the water quality and the water quantity of inlet water of the system are regulated; the pH value of the inlet water is kept between 7.0 and 8.0, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the inlet water is 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L;
s202: sewage enters the reactor through the regulating reservoir through a water inlet pump, a water inlet valve, a water inlet flow meter and a three-way valve, the sewage sequentially passes through a limestone filler I layer, a composite filler layer and a limestone filler II layer which are subjected to film formation from bottom to top through a water distribution pipe, and the water inlet flow is regulated to ensure that the hydraulic retention time is 3-8 hours;
s203: under the anoxic environment, sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria in the activated sludge utilize electrons S and Fe provided by the composite filler in the composite filler layer2+Reducing nitrate nitrogen in water into nitrogen and discharging the nitrogen through an automatic exhaust valve, wherein S and Fe are generated in the process2+Are oxidized to SO respectively4 2-And Fe3+；
S204: the sewage after the autotrophic denitrification reaction in the S203 enters the overflow groove through the overflow weir, finally enters the sedimentation tank through the water outlet of the reactor and the drain valve, and the phosphate radical and the Fe in the water3+The ferric phosphate generated by the reaction is precipitated in a sedimentation tank and then discharged through a mud valve of the sedimentation tank, and nitrogen generated by the reaction is collected by a three-phase separator and then automatically discharged through an exhaust pipeDischarging by an air valve;
after the reactor runs for a period of time, the limestone filler I layer, the composite filler layer and the limestone filler layer II layer are washed by the gas back-flushing system, and the specific process is that a water inlet pump, a water inlet valve, a water discharge valve and the water inlet end of a three-way valve are closed, an air compressor and the air inlet valve are opened, and an air inlet flow meter is adjusted to a proper flow; compressed gas enters the reactor through a gas backwashing pipe in the reactor to scour the packing layer; gas is discharged out of the reactor through an automatic exhaust valve; closing the air compressor and the air inlet valve; and then the back flush pump, the back flush water inlet valve and the back flush water outlet valve are opened to flush the reactor, and the outlet water flows into the regulating tank through the back flush water outlet.
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| CN111320268A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-23 | 河海大学 | Autotrophic and heterotrophic synergetic denitrification nitrogen removal method |
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| CN113149204A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-07-23 | 北京涞澈科技发展有限公司 | Infiltration bed reaction device for sulfur autotrophic denitrification biological denitrification |
| CN114873720A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-09 | 北京工业大学 | Method for improving denitrification performance of sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter |
| CN114940538A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-26 | 江苏泓润环保科技有限公司 | SMC high-efficiency biological denitrification system with automatic backwashing capability |
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