CN110745003A - Electrical system of hybrid electric vehicle and working method thereof - Google Patents
Electrical system of hybrid electric vehicle and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110745003A CN110745003A CN201911038148.3A CN201911038148A CN110745003A CN 110745003 A CN110745003 A CN 110745003A CN 201911038148 A CN201911038148 A CN 201911038148A CN 110745003 A CN110745003 A CN 110745003A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobiles, and particularly discloses an electric system of a hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises a motor, a motor control assembly, a high-voltage storage battery pack, a battery management system, a generator and an engine, wherein the generator utilizes voltage generated by oxidation reduction to supply power to a low-voltage part of the electric system, the generator is respectively connected with a water-cooled motor and a cooling liquid pipeline outside a motor controller, electrolyte solution is used as cooling liquid to flow in the cooling liquid pipeline while carrying out oxidation reduction, and the motor, the motor control assembly, the generator and the engine are cooled. In addition, the invention also discloses a working method of the electric system of the hybrid electric vehicle. The invention can reduce the weight of the automobile, save the cost, increase the equivalent energy density of the storage battery system and improve the endurance mileage of the hybrid electric power automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to an electric system of a hybrid electric vehicle and a working method thereof.
Background
Hybrid vehicles are classified into plug-in hybrid vehicles and conventional hybrid vehicles. According to the route of power transmission, conventional hybrid vehicles are classified into three categories: series, parallel and series-parallel. When the vehicle runs by the series hybrid power, the engine does not directly drive wheels, but the engine works to drive the generator to charge the battery, and the battery drives the motor to drive the vehicle to run; the parallel hybrid power takes an engine as a main power source of a vehicle, the engine drives the vehicle when the running working condition is stable, and the motor works as auxiliary power when starting, accelerating and other unstable working conditions; the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle can charge the storage battery through an external power grid.
The cruising ability of the hybrid electric vehicle depends on the performance of the storage battery to a great extent, however, the energy density of the storage battery is low, and the cruising ability of the hybrid electric vehicle still has a great gap with the requirements of people. In the hybrid electric vehicle, the most direct method is to add more batteries to achieve better cruising ability, but the addition of the batteries necessarily reduces the space of the vehicle passengers, increases the weight of the vehicle body and increases the cost.
The serial traditional hybrid electric vehicle cooling system consists of two systems: one set is a cooling system (for short, a motor cooling system) of a motor and a motor controller (comprising a buck-boost converter); the other set is a water cooling system of the engine and the generator.
The electric system of the hybrid electric vehicle comprises a high-voltage electric part and a low-voltage electric part, wherein the high-voltage part consists of a high-voltage storage battery pack, a high-voltage part of a motor controller, a generator and a motor, the low-voltage part is generally powered by a 12V storage battery to supply power for low-voltage loads such as the low-voltage part of the motor controller, a battery management system, a wiper lamp and the like, and the 12V storage battery is charged by feeding back braking energy through the motor; the defects are that the brake recovery rate is low and the feedback energy is small. There is therefore a need for a more rational power supply arrangement for powering low voltage portions of a hybrid vehicle electrical system and/or for powering an electric motor via a buck-boost converter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an electrical system for supplying power to a low-voltage part of the electrical system by a power generation device generating voltage by oxidation reduction, which has the following specific technical scheme:
an electric system of a hybrid electric vehicle comprises an electric motor, an electric motor control assembly, a low-voltage load, a high-voltage storage battery pack, a battery management system, a generator and an engine, wherein the electric motor is electrically connected with the electric motor control assembly; the power generation device comprises a box body, a cathode material, an anode material and an electrolyte solution, wherein the cathode material and the anode material are respectively positioned in the box body, the power generation device passes through oxidation reduction, and the middle part of the box body is respectively provided with a water outlet and a water inlet; the power generation device comprises a first power generation device and a second power generation device, the first power generation device is electrically connected with the motor control assembly, the battery management system and the low-voltage load respectively, and a water outlet and a water inlet of the first power generation device are connected with cooling liquid pipelines outside the motor control assembly and the motor respectively to form a first cooling circulation water path; the second power generation device is electrically connected with the motor control assembly, and a water outlet and a water inlet of the second power generation device are respectively connected with cooling liquid pipelines outside the generator and the engine to form a second circulating water path; the electrolyte solution is used as a cooling liquid and circularly flows between the first circulating water path and the second circulating water path respectively.
Furthermore, the power generation device further comprises a cation exchange membrane, the two anode materials are respectively positioned at two sides inside the box body, the two cathode materials are respectively positioned at the middle part inside the box body, and the anode materials and the cathode materials are separated through the cation exchange membrane.
Further, the diameter of the water inlet is larger than that of the water outlet.
Further, the box body comprises a shell, an end cover and a sealing ring, the end cover is detachably mounted at the top of the shell, the sealing ring is mounted between the shell and the end cover, and clamping grooves used for limiting cathode materials and anode materials are respectively formed in the shell and the end cover.
Furthermore, the battery management system is in signal connection with the first power generation device, the second power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery pack respectively, and the battery management system monitors the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack and the state of charge of the first power generation device and the state of charge of the second power generation device to adjust the power supply strategy.
Further, the cathode material is triiodide, the anode material is zinc, and the electrolyte solution is zinc diiodide liquid.
Further, the low-voltage load includes a lamp and a wiper.
Has the advantages that: the invention utilizes the principle of a primary battery to manufacture a power generation device, the power generation device is used for supplying power to a low-voltage part of a series-connection type traditional hybrid electric vehicle, and can also be used as a power supply to supply power to a motor to drive the vehicle, meanwhile, electrolyte solution of the power generation device is used as cooling liquid of the motor, an engine, a generator and a motor controller, the cooling liquid is cooled by water when flowing outside the motor, the engine, the generator and the motor controller, and oxidation-reduction reaction is generated when the cooling liquid flows back to the power generation device to generate voltage. The cooling flow and energy storage functions are combined into a single integrated design, so that the equivalent energy density of the storage battery system is increased, the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, the cost is saved, and the endurance mileage of the vehicle is improved.
In addition, the invention also provides a working method of the electric system of the hybrid electric vehicle, which has the following specific technical scheme:
the charge states of the first power generation device and the second power generation device, the charge state of the high-voltage storage battery pack, the power generation power of the second power generation device and the required power of a motor are respectively detected by the battery management system, then the collected information is transmitted to the vehicle control unit by the battery management system according to the working state of the hybrid electric vehicle, the electric system of the hybrid electric vehicle is controlled to be switched to different working states, and the specific working states are switched as follows:
s001, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than 0.7, the power generation device supplies power to the motor;
s002, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than 0.7, the power generation device supplies power to the motor and charges the high-voltage storage battery pack at the same time;
s003, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor and charges the second power generation device at the same time;
s004, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than or equal to 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor and simultaneously charges the second power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery;
s005, when the vehicle is in a braking and decelerating running state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.7, charging the high-voltage storage battery by using the braking recovered energy;
s006, when the vehicle is in a braking deceleration running state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.7 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.7, charging the second power generation device by the braking recovered energy;
s007, when the vehicle is in a medium-load running state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than 0.7, supplying power to the motor by the high-voltage storage battery;
s008, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor and charges the second power generation device at the same time;
s009, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than 0.7, the high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor;
s0010, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.7, the generator and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor and charge the high-voltage storage battery;
s0011, when a vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of a high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than 0.4 and the state of charge of a second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, a generator supplies power to a motor and simultaneously charges a high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device;
s0012, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than 0.7, the generator supplies power to the motor and charges the high-voltage storage battery;
s0013, when the vehicle is in a parking state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.7, the generator charges the high-voltage storage battery;
s0014, when the vehicle is in a parking state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.7, the motor charges the second power generation device;
s0015, when the vehicle needs to run under a heavy load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than or equal to 0.4, the generator, the high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor;
s0016, when the vehicle runs under a heavy load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the generator and the high-voltage storage battery supply power to the motor;
s0017, when the vehicle runs under a large load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4, the generator and the power generation device jointly supply power to the motor;
s0018, when the vehicle runs under a large load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor;
s0019, when the vehicle is in any form state, if the state of charge of the first power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery is greater than or equal to 0.4, charging the first power generation device by the high-voltage storage battery;
s0020, when the vehicle is in any form state, if the state of charge of the first power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery is less than 0.4, charging the first power generation device by the generator;
when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is greater than or equal to 1, the vehicle is in low-load operation, when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is greater than 0.2 and less than 1, the vehicle is in medium-load operation, and when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is less than or equal to 0.2, the vehicle is in large-load operation
The invention monitors the charge state of the power generation device, the charge state of the high-voltage storage battery pack, the power generation power of the power generation device and the power required by the motor, and switches into various power supply modes such as independent power supply of the power generation device, independent power supply of the high-voltage storage battery pack, independent power supply of the power generator, hybrid power supply and the like by combining the working state of the hybrid electric vehicle, so that the power supply mode is more reasonable, and the performance optimization of the hybrid electric vehicle is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall framework of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of the power generation device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the motor of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power plant drive and auxiliary drive and coolant energy feedback algorithm of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-a cathode material; 2-an anode material; 3-tightening the screw; 4-a card slot; 5-water inlet; 6-water inlet water nozzle, 7-end cover; 8-sealing ring; 9-cation exchange membranes; 10-a housing; 11-a water outlet; 12-water outlet water nozzle; 13-small grooves; 14-coolant lines; 15-motor water inlet; 16-motor water outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
According to the figure 1, an electric system of a hybrid electric vehicle comprises an electric motor, a low-voltage load, a motor control assembly, a high-voltage storage battery pack, a battery management system, a power generation device, a power generator and an engine, wherein the electric motor is electrically connected with the motor control assembly, the motor control assembly is also electrically connected with the power generator and the high-voltage storage battery pack respectively, the high-voltage storage battery pack outputs voltage to the motor control assembly, the motor control assembly modulates input voltage and outputs the modulated input voltage to the electric motor so as to drive the vehicle to run, and cooling liquid pipelines are arranged outside the electric motor, the motor control assembly power generator and the engine respectively; the power generation device comprises a first power generation device and a second power generation device, the first power generation device is electrically connected with the motor control assembly, the battery management system and the low-voltage load respectively, and the second power generation device is electrically connected with the motor control assembly; the low voltage portion of the electrical system is powered by a first power generation device. In this embodiment, the motor control assembly includes a motor controller and a buck-boost converter, when the electrolyte solution in the first power generation device is exhausted and cannot supply power during driving, the high-voltage battery pack can temporarily supply power to the low-voltage part of the electrical system after passing through the buck-boost converter, the battery management system is respectively in signal connection with the first power generation device, the second power generation device and the high-voltage battery pack, and the battery management system monitors the charge states of the high-voltage battery pack, the first power generation device and the second power generation device to adjust the power supply strategy.
According to fig. 2, the power generation device comprises a cathode material 1 with triiodide as a cathode, an anode material 2 with zinc as an anode, an electrolyte solution with zinc diiodide as an electrolyte, a cation exchange membrane 9 and a box body; the battery box comprises a box body, a positive electrode material 2, a negative electrode material 1, a positive ion exchange membrane 9, a negative ion exchange membrane 9, a nickel wire, a graphite felt layer, a lead wire, a battery management system, a low-voltage load and a motor controller, wherein the positive electrode material 2 is arranged on two sides of the interior of the box body, the positive electrode material 2 is arranged on the middle part of the interior of the box body, the negative electrode material 1 is arranged in the middle part of the interior of the box body, the positive electrode material 2 is separated from the negative electrode material 1 through the cation exchange membrane 9, the top parts of the positive electrode material 2 and the negative electrode material 1 are respectively paved with a layer of; the box body comprises a shell 10, an end cover 7 and a sealing ring 8, wherein the end cover 7 is detachably arranged on the shell 10 through a set screw 3, the end cover 7 and the shell 10 are sealed through the sealing ring 8, clamping grooves 4 for limiting a cathode material 1 and an anode material 2 are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the two side surfaces of the end cover 7 and the shell 10, and small grooves 13 for limiting a cation exchange membrane 9 are formed in the front side and the rear side of the shell 10 respectively; according to the figure 3, a water inlet 5 and a water outlet 11 are respectively formed in the front side surface and the rear side surface of the box body, the diameter of the water inlet 5 is 20mm, the diameter of the water outlet 11 is 15mm, the diameter of the water inlet 5 is larger than that of the water outlet 11, it is ensured that the whole power generation device is filled with electrolyte solution, a water inlet water nozzle 6 is installed on the outer side of the water inlet 5, a water outlet water nozzle 12 is installed on the outer side of the water outlet 11, in order to facilitate the transmission of cations, non-flowing electrolyte solution is arranged around the anode material 2, the cathode material 1 is surrounded by the electrolyte solution which flows circularly, and the flowing electrolyte solution and the non-flowing electrolyte solution are. In order to increase the contact area of the anode material 2 and the cathode material 1 with the electrolyte solution for cooling, the lengths of the anode material 2 and the cathode material 1 are smaller than the lengths of the front wall and the rear wall of the box body and are not in contact with the front wall and the rear wall.
According to the figure 1, a coolant pipeline 14 is respectively arranged outside the motor, the motor control assembly, the generator and the engine, a water outlet 11 and a water inlet 5 of the first power generation device are respectively connected with the coolant pipeline 14 outside the motor and the motor control assembly, as shown in the figure 4, a motor water outlet 16 and a motor water inlet 15 are respectively connected on the coolant pipeline 14 outside the motor, a control assembly water outlet and a control assembly water inlet are respectively connected on the coolant pipeline 14 outside the motor control assembly, the motor water outlet 16 is connected with a water inlet water nozzle 6 of the first power generation device through a water pipe, a water outlet water nozzle 12 of the first power generation device is connected with a control assembly water inlet of the motor control assembly through a water pipe, a control assembly water outlet of the motor control assembly is connected with the motor water inlet 15 of the motor through a water pipe, and the first power generation device, the motor control assembly and the coolant pipeline outside the The electrolyte solution circulates in the first circulation water channel as a cooling liquid to cool the motor and the motor control assembly. The second power generation device is connected with the generator and a cooling liquid pipeline outside the engine to form a second circulating water path, the connection relationship of the second power generation device is similar to that of the first circulating water path, and the electrolyte solution serving as the cooling liquid circulates in the first circulating water path to cool the generator and the engine.
In the flowing process of the electrolyte solution (namely, the cooling liquid) in the first circulating water channel and the second circulating water channel respectively, the cooling can be carried out, the electrolyte solution can also generate oxidation-reduction reaction inside the box body of the power generation device to generate voltage, and the specific process is as follows: when electrolyte solution with zinc diiodide as electrolyte flows through the box body for power generation, the anode material 2 zinc is oxidized in the discharging process to release electrons and soluble zinc ions, the zinc ions simultaneously flow to the cathode through the electrolyte solution and the cation exchange membrane 9, and the cathode material 1 triiodide is reduced into iodide ions to balance charges.
Over a long discharge time, not only does the cation exchange membrane 9 and the electrode surface become clogged due to the absorption of the electrolyte by the silicone resin on the surface of the cation exchange membrane 9, but also the electrolyte concentration around the cathode material 1 starts to decrease, i.e., the energy in the electrolyte gradually decreases. Therefore, the electrode material and the cation exchange membrane 9 of the power generation device need to be replaced regularly, and only the electrolyte liquid for cooling needs to be replaced when the energy in the electrolyte solution is exhausted. When the electrolyte in the power generation device is consumed and cannot meet the power supply requirement during the running process of the vehicle, the battery management system controls the high-voltage storage battery pack to supply power to the low-voltage part of the electrical system.
In order to further ensure that the electric system of the series hybrid electric vehicle meets the power supply requirement, the invention also provides a working method of the electric system, and in the design of the invention, the rated power generation power of the power generation device is 2 times of the low-voltage load power.
The specific working state of the first power generation device is as follows; (1) when the vehicle is in any form state, if the state of charge of the first power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery is more than or equal to 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery charges the power generation device through the buck-boost converter; (2) if the state of charge of the first power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery is less than 0.4, the engine drives the power generator to generate power to charge the power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery;
as shown in fig. 5, a second power generation device driving and auxiliary driving control strategy is established, a battery management system is used to detect the state of charge of the second power generation device, the state of charge of a high-voltage battery pack, the generated power of the power generation device, and the power required by a motor, and then according to the operating state of the hybrid electric vehicle, a signal collected by the battery management system is transmitted to a vehicle control unit to control the electrical system of the hybrid electric vehicle to switch to different operating states (the following and SOC in the drawing indicate the state of charge), and the specific operating states are as follows: when the vehicle is in a low-load driving state, namely the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is more than or equal to 1, (1) if the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than 0.7, the power generation device supplies power to the motor; (2) if the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than or equal to 0.7, the power generation device supplies power to the motor and charges the high-voltage storage battery pack through the buck-boost converter; (3) if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is greater than 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor and charges the second power generation device through the buck-boost converter; (4) if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than or equal to 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor through the buck-boost converter and simultaneously charges the second power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery;
when the automobile is in a braking and decelerating working condition, (1) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.7, the high-voltage storage battery is charged by the braking recovered energy through the buck-boost converter; (2) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.7 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.7, the second power generation device is charged by the brake recovered energy through the buck-boost converter; (3) and if the SOC of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.7 and the SOC of the power generation device is more than or equal to 0.7, the electric connection of the braking energy recovery device with the power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery pack is cut off.
When the automobile is in a medium-load working condition, namely when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is more than 0.2 and less than 1, (1) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than 0.7, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor; (2) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor and simultaneously charges the second power generation device through the buck-boost converter; (3) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than 0.7, the high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor through the buck-boost converter; (4) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.7, the generator and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor through the buck-boost converter and simultaneously charge the high-voltage storage battery; (5) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor through the buck-boost converter and simultaneously charges the high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device; (6) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than 0.7, the generator supplies power to the motor through the buck-boost converter and charges the high-voltage storage battery;
when the automobile is in a parking state, (1) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.7, the generator charges the high-voltage storage battery through the buck-boost converter; (2) if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.7, the generator charges the second power generation device through the buck-boost converter;
when the vehicle needs to run under a large load, namely the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is less than or equal to 0.2, (1) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is greater than or equal to 0.4, the generator, the second power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery jointly supply power to the motor through the buck-boost converter; (2) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor through the buck-boost converter and the high-voltage storage battery; (3) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4, the generator and the power generation device jointly supply power to the motor through the buck-boost converter; (4) if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor through the buck-boost converter;
it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and may be extended to all hybrid vehicles, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An electric system of a hybrid electric vehicle comprises an electric motor, an electric motor control assembly, a high-voltage storage battery pack, a low-voltage load, a battery management system, a generator and an engine, wherein the electric motor is electrically connected with the electric motor control assembly; the method is characterized in that: the power generation device comprises a box body, a cathode material, an anode material and an electrolyte solution, wherein the cathode material and the anode material are respectively positioned in the box body, the power generation device passes through oxidation reduction, and the middle part of the box body is respectively provided with a water outlet and a water inlet; the power generation device comprises a first power generation device and a second power generation device, the first power generation device is electrically connected with the motor control assembly, the battery management system and the low-voltage load respectively, and a water outlet and a water inlet of the first power generation device are connected with cooling liquid pipelines outside the motor control assembly and the motor respectively to form a first cooling circulation water path; the second power generation device is electrically connected with the motor control assembly, and a water outlet and a water inlet of the second power generation device are respectively connected with cooling liquid pipelines outside the generator and the engine to form a second circulating water path; the electrolyte solution is used as a cooling liquid and circularly flows between the first circulating water path and the second circulating water path respectively.
2. The electrical system of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power generation device further comprises cation exchange membranes, the two anode materials are respectively positioned at two sides inside the box body, the two cathode materials are respectively positioned at the middle part inside the box body, and the anode materials and the cathode materials are separated through the cation exchange membranes.
3. The electrical system of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the water inlet is larger than that of the water outlet.
4. The electrical system of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the box body comprises a shell, an end cover and a sealing ring, wherein the end cover is detachably arranged at the top of the shell, the sealing ring is arranged between the shell and the end cover, and clamping grooves used for limiting cathode materials and anode materials are respectively arranged in the shell and the end cover.
5. The electrical system of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery management system is in signal connection with the first power generation device, the second power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery pack respectively, and the battery management system monitors the charge states of the high-voltage storage battery pack, the first power generation device and the second power generation device to adjust a power supply strategy.
6. The electrical system of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cathode material is triiodide, the anode material is zinc, and the electrolyte solution is zinc diiodide liquid.
7. The electrical system of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-voltage load includes a lamp and a wiper.
8. A method of operating an electrical system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the charge states of the first power generation device and the second power generation device, the charge state of the high-voltage storage battery pack, the power generation power of the second power generation device and the required power of a motor are respectively detected by the battery management system, then the collected information is transmitted to the vehicle control unit by the battery management system according to the working state of the hybrid electric vehicle, the electric system of the hybrid electric vehicle is controlled to be switched to different working states, and the specific working states are switched as follows:
s001, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than 0.7, the power generation device supplies power to the motor;
s002, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than 0.7, the power generation device supplies power to the motor and charges the high-voltage storage battery pack at the same time;
s003, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor and charges the second power generation device at the same time;
s004, when the vehicle is in a low-load running state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than or equal to 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor and simultaneously charges the second power generation device and the high-voltage storage battery;
s005, when the vehicle is in a braking and decelerating running state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.7, charging the high-voltage storage battery by using the braking recovered energy;
s006, when the vehicle is in a braking deceleration running state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.7 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is less than 0.7, charging the second power generation device by the braking recovered energy;
s007, when the vehicle is in a medium-load running state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than 0.7, supplying power to the motor by the high-voltage storage battery;
s008, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to the motor and charges the second power generation device at the same time;
s009, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is more than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than 0.7, the high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor;
s0010, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.7, the generator and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor and charge the high-voltage storage battery;
s0011, when a vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of a high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than 0.4 and the state of charge of a second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, a generator supplies power to a motor and simultaneously charges a high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device;
s0012, when the vehicle is in a medium load state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than 0.7, the generator supplies power to the motor and charges the high-voltage storage battery;
s0013, when the vehicle is in a parking state, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.7, the generator charges the high-voltage storage battery;
s0014, when the vehicle is in a parking state, if the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.7, the motor charges the second power generation device;
s0015, when the vehicle needs to run under a heavy load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is larger than or equal to 0.4, the generator, the high-voltage storage battery and the second power generation device jointly supply power to the motor;
s0016, when the vehicle runs under a heavy load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is larger than or equal to 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the generator and the high-voltage storage battery supply power to the motor;
s0017, when the vehicle runs under a large load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is more than or equal to 0.4, the generator and the power generation device jointly supply power to the motor;
s0018, when the vehicle runs under a large load, if the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery pack is smaller than 0.4 and the state of charge of the second power generation device is smaller than 0.4, the generator supplies power to the motor;
s0019, when the vehicle is in any form state, if the state of charge of the first power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery is greater than or equal to 0.4, charging the first power generation device by the high-voltage storage battery;
s0020, when the vehicle is in any form state, if the state of charge of the first power generation device is less than 0.4 and the state of charge of the high-voltage storage battery is less than 0.4, charging the first power generation device by the generator;
when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is greater than or equal to 1, the vehicle is in low-load operation, when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is greater than 0.2 and less than 1, the vehicle is in medium-load operation, and when the ratio of the generated power of the second power generation device to the required power of the motor is less than or equal to 0.2, the vehicle is in large-load operation.
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