CN110744875A - High-thermal-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
- B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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- B32B38/1808—Handling of layers or the laminate characterised by the laying up of the layers
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
- C23C14/185—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates by cathodic sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
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- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B2037/0092—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding in which absence of adhesives is explicitly presented as an advantage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
- B32B2037/243—Coating
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- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/302—Conductive
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- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/02—Temperature
- B32B2309/022—Temperature vs pressure profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/02—Temperature
- B32B2309/025—Temperature vs time profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
- B32B2309/12—Pressure
- B32B2309/125—Pressure vs time profiles
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- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-thermal-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin and a preparation method thereof. The high-heat-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin takes a composite graphite layer as a radiating unit, the radiating fin is formed by longitudinally stacking a plurality of composite graphite layers, each composite graphite layer comprises a metal transition layer and a single-layer graphite film, wherein the metal transition layer is deposited on the surface of the single-layer graphite film, and the radiating fin is formed by welding and pressing the plurality of composite graphite layers. The preparation method can prepare the composite graphite radiating fin with the thickness of 0.08-1.0mm, and the product has wide usable range; the prepared composite graphite radiating fin has no adhesive inside, adopts a mode of directly bonding metal and graphite, can keep the heat conduction advantage of the composite graphite flake in the horizontal direction, can increase the longitudinal heat conduction performance of the composite graphite flake, and has simple preparation process and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-thermal-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of the electronics industry, it is becoming more important to solve the problem of heat generation of electronic devices. At present, artificial graphite has excellent heat conductivity, wherein the artificial graphite film is prepared by carbonizing and graphitizing a Polyimide film (Polyimide abbreviated as PI) or is prepared into a flexible artificial graphite film by using natural graphite. However, the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the artificial graphite film is low and is only 5-10W/m.K. In order to maintain the heat-conducting property of the graphite material and improve the longitudinal heat-conducting property, in the prior art, as disclosed in patent CN105584122A, a carbon material film and a copper foil are bonded together by double-sided adhesive; patent CN103476227A discloses a method for preparing a copper-carbon composite heat sink, wherein carbon material coatings are coated on both sides of a copper foil.
The technology can improve the longitudinal heat-conducting property of the graphite film to a certain extent, but the use of the binder can seriously reduce the heat-conducting coefficient of the carbon material layer, so that the heat dissipated by the graphite film can not be timely transferred to copper, and the heat-radiating effect of the graphite film is seriously weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-thermal-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art. The preparation method can prepare the composite graphite radiating fin with the thickness of 0.08-1.0mm, and the product has wide usable range; the prepared composite graphite radiating fin has no adhesive inside, adopts a mode of directly bonding metal and graphite, can keep the heat conduction advantage of the composite graphite flake in the horizontal direction, can increase the longitudinal heat conduction performance of the composite graphite flake, and has simple preparation process and low cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the high-thermal-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that the graphite radiating fin and the preparation method thereof have the following characteristics:
the utility model provides a high heat conduction composite graphite fin, the fin uses the composite graphite layer as radiating element, the fin is vertically overlapped by a plurality of composite graphite layers and forms, and every layer of composite graphite layer includes metal transition layer + individual layer graphite membrane, and wherein the metal transition layer deposit is on individual layer graphite membrane surface, the fin is formed by a plurality of composite graphite layers through the welding pressfitting.
The single-layer graphite film is prepared by performing high-temperature carbonization and graphitization on a polyimide film, and the thickness of the single-layer graphite film is 17-100 mu m.
The metal transition layer comprises one or more of Ag, Cu and Ti, and the thickness of the metal transition layer is 0.05-5 mu m.
The metal transition layer and the single-layer graphite film are a composite layer, and the outermost layer of the upper surface and the outermost layer of the lower surface of the finally superposed heat dissipation sheet are single-layer graphite films.
The metal transition layer is deposited on the surface of the single-layer graphite film through one or more processes of vacuum magnetron sputtering, high-power magnetron sputtering, ion implantation, multi-arc ion plating, vacuum evaporation, electrodeposition, physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition.
The welding and pressing are carried out through one of the welding processes of high-frequency welding, resistance welding, brazing, ultrasonic welding, friction welding and high-temperature high-pressure welding to weld the composite graphite layer and the composite graphite layer together.
The preparation method of the high-thermal-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin comprises the following steps:
(1) depositing a metal transition layer on the surface of a monolayer graphite film with the thickness of 17-100 mu m to obtain a composite graphite layer;
(2) cutting the composite graphite layer in the step (1) into thin slices with the same size, longitudinally stacking the thin slices to a certain thickness, and putting the thin slices into a tool specified by a hot-pressing furnace for high-temperature high-pressure welding and pressing;
(3) and welding and pressing to obtain the composite graphite heat radiating fin with the thickness of 0.08-1 mm.
The welding and pressing process in the step (2) is as follows:
0-650 ℃, 0-5MPa, 5-10 ℃/min of heating rate and 30-120min of heat preservation at 650 ℃; 650-850 ℃, the pressure is increased to 1-20MPa, the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 850 ℃ for 30-120 min; 850-.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the composite graphite radiating fin obtained in the step (3) in the horizontal direction is more than 1000W/m.K, and the heat conductivity coefficient in the longitudinal direction is more than 20W/m.K.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) composite graphite radiating fins with different thicknesses of 0.08-1.0mm can be prepared, and the product has wide application range;
(2) the composite graphite sheet is free of adhesive inside, and the metal layer is utilized for bonding, so that the heat conduction advantage of the composite graphite sheet in the horizontal direction can be kept, and the heat conduction performance of the longitudinal Z axis of the composite graphite sheet can be improved;
(3) the preparation process is simple and the cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite graphite heat sink performance testing device according to the present invention.
In the figure, TIM is an abbreviation for thermal interface material, here a thermally conductive gel, used between the heat source and the test sample to facilitate better heat transfer to the test sample for test accuracy.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The composite graphite radiating fin is prepared by adopting a single-layer graphite film with the thickness of 34 mu m, the graphite film is prepared by performing high-temperature carbonization and graphitization on a polyimide film, then sputtering layers of Ti (200nm) and Cu (1800nm) are sequentially subjected to vacuum magnetron sputtering on the front surface and the back surface of the graphite film at the same time, then the sputtered composite graphite film is cut into 200 x 200mm square sheets which are longitudinally stacked to 9 layers, the outermost layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stacked radiating fin is the single-layer graphite film, and the stacked composite graphite film is placed into a tool specified by a hot pressing furnace for high-temperature high-pressure welding and lamination.
The welding and pressing process comprises the following steps:
0-650 ℃, 0MPa pressure, 5 ℃/min heating rate and 60min heat preservation at 650 ℃; 650-850 ℃, the pressure is increased to 20MPa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 850 ℃ for 60 min; 850 ℃ and 980 ℃, the pressure is maintained at 20MPa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 980 ℃ for 90 min.
Finally obtaining the composite graphite radiating fin with the thickness of 0.35mm, and measuring the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite radiating fin in the horizontal direction to be 1340W/m.K and the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite radiating fin in the longitudinal direction to be 25W/m.K.
Example 2
The composite graphite radiating fin is prepared by adopting a single-layer graphite film with the thickness of 34 mu m, the graphite film is prepared by performing high-temperature carbonization and graphitization on a polyimide film, then sputtering layers of Ti (200nm) and Cu (1800nm) are sequentially subjected to vacuum magnetron sputtering on the front surface and the back surface of the graphite film at the same time, then the sputtered composite graphite film is cut into square sheets of 200 x 200mm, the square sheets are longitudinally stacked to 6 layers, the outermost layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stacked radiating fin is the single-layer graphite film, and the stacked composite graphite film is placed into a tool specified by a hot pressing furnace for high-temperature high-pressure welding and pressing.
The welding and pressing process comprises the following steps:
0-650 ℃, 0MPa pressure, 10 ℃/min heating rate and 120min heat preservation at 650 ℃; 650-850 ℃, the pressure is increased to 10MPa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 850 ℃ for 120 min; 850 ℃ and 980 ℃, the pressure is maintained at 20MPa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 980 ℃ for 30 min.
Finally obtaining the composite graphite radiating fin with the thickness of 0.25mm, and measuring the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite radiating fin in the horizontal direction to be 1410W/m.K and the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite radiating fin in the longitudinal direction to be 27W/m.K.
Example 3
The composite graphite radiating fin is prepared by adopting a single-layer graphite film with the thickness of 34 mu m, the graphite film is prepared by performing high-temperature carbonization and graphitization on a polyimide film, then sputtering layers of Ti (200nm) and Cu (1800nm) are sequentially subjected to vacuum magnetron sputtering on the front surface and the back surface of the graphite film at the same time, then the sputtered composite graphite film is cut into square sheets of 200 x 200mm, the square sheets are longitudinally stacked to 4 layers, the outermost layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stacked radiating fin is the single-layer graphite film, and the stacked composite graphite film is placed into a tool specified by a hot pressing furnace for high-temperature high-pressure welding and pressing.
The welding and pressing process comprises the following steps:
0-650 ℃, 0MPa pressure, 7.5 ℃/min heating rate and 30min heat preservation at 650 ℃; 650 plus 850 ℃, the pressure is 0MPa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 850 ℃ for 30 min; 850 ℃ and 980 ℃, the pressure is maintained at 20MPa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained at 980 ℃ for 120 min.
Finally obtaining the composite graphite radiating fin with the thickness of 0.15mm, and measuring the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite radiating fin in the horizontal direction to be 1430W/m.K and the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite radiating fin in the longitudinal direction to be 29W/m.K.
Comparative example 1
34 μm rolled graphite is processed by metal coating (single side thickness is 2 μm), superposed into 9 layers and welded into a whole, and is compared with the application case of the structure which is bonded into corresponding 9 layers of graphite sheets by using the traditional double-sided adhesive tape (thickness is 5 μm) for comparison test.
Comparative example 2
34 μm rolled graphite is processed by metal coating (single side thickness is 2 μm), and superposed into 6 layers and welded into a whole, and is compared with the application case of the structure which is bonded into corresponding 6 layers of graphite sheets by using the traditional double-sided adhesive tape (thickness is 5 μm) for comparison test.
The composite graphite heat dissipating fins prepared in comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to comparative tests of performance, as shown in fig. 1, and the test results are shown in table 1 below, with respect to the composite graphite heat dissipating fins of examples 1 and 2, respectively.
TABLE 1 test results of thermal conductivity of composite graphite heat sinks prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Note △ T1 ═ Tj1-T1, △ T2 ═ T1-T2, PSA — traditional 5 μm thick double-sided adhesive tape.
It can be seen from table 1 that the longitudinal temperature △ T1 of the product with the metal bonding layer is obviously lower than that of the graphite sheet bonded into a whole by the double-sided adhesive tape, which indicates that the longitudinal thermal conductivity of the product can be obviously improved by the metal bonding layer, and the two products △ T2 are at the same level, so that the thermal conductivity of the metal bonding layer composite graphite heat sink is better than that of the adhesive layer composite graphite heat sink as a whole.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the principles of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The high-heat-conductivity composite graphite radiating fin is characterized in that the radiating fin takes a composite graphite layer as a radiating unit, the radiating fin is formed by longitudinally stacking a plurality of composite graphite layers, each composite graphite layer comprises a metal transition layer and a single-layer graphite film, the metal transition layer is deposited on the surface of the single-layer graphite film, and the radiating fin is formed by welding and pressing the plurality of composite graphite layers.
2. The high thermal conductive composite graphite fin according to claim 1, wherein the single-layer graphite film is prepared by high temperature carbonization and graphitization of a polyimide film, and has a thickness of 17-100 μm.
3. The high thermal conductivity composite graphite fin according to claim 1, wherein the metal transition layer comprises one or more of Ag, Cu, Ti, and has a thickness of 0.05-5 μm.
4. The high thermal conductivity composite graphite fin according to claim 1, wherein the metal transition layer + single-layer graphite film is a composite layer, and the outermost layers of the upper and lower surfaces of the finally laminated fin are single-layer graphite films.
5. The high thermal conductivity composite graphite fin according to claim 1, wherein the metal transition layer is deposited on the surface of the single-layer graphite film by one or more processes selected from vacuum magnetron sputtering, high power magnetron sputtering, ion implantation, multi-arc ion plating, vacuum evaporation, electrodeposition, physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition.
6. The high thermal conductivity composite graphite fin according to claim 1, wherein the welding press is used to weld the composite graphite layer and the composite graphite layer together by one of high frequency welding, resistance welding, brazing, ultrasonic welding, friction welding and high temperature and pressure welding.
7. The method for preparing the high-thermal-conductivity composite graphite heat sink of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) depositing a metal transition layer on the surface of a monolayer graphite film with the thickness of 17-100 mu m to obtain a composite graphite layer;
(2) cutting the composite graphite layer in the step (1) into thin slices with the same size, longitudinally stacking the thin slices to a certain thickness, and putting the thin slices into a tool specified by a hot-pressing furnace for high-temperature high-pressure welding and pressing;
(3) and welding and pressing to obtain the composite graphite heat radiating fin with the thickness of 0.08-1 mm.
8. The method for preparing the high thermal conductivity composite graphite heat sink sheet according to claim 7, wherein the welding and pressing process in the step (2) is as follows:
0-650 ℃, 0-5MPa, 5-10 ℃/min of heating rate and 30-120min of heat preservation at 650 ℃; 650-850 ℃, the pressure is increased to 1-20MPa, the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 850 ℃ for 30-120 min; 850-.
9. The method for preparing a high thermal conductive composite graphite heat sink material according to claim 7, wherein the thermal conductivity of the composite graphite fins obtained in step (3) is 1000W/m.K or more in the horizontal direction and 20W/m.K or more in the longitudinal direction.
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| CN111349807A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-30 | 苏州优越新材料有限公司 | Copper-coated graphite film reinforced copper-based laminated block composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111823664A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-27 | 深圳市汉嵙新材料技术有限公司 | Graphite composite radiating fin and preparation method thereof |
| CN113549867A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-26 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-cold-capacity transmission all-carbon flexible cold chain structure |
| CN113999657A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-01 | 安徽碳华新材料科技有限公司 | Processing technology of alkene-carbon composite material |
| CN114055864A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-18 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Composite-structure heat-conducting plate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114083841A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-02-25 | 成都四威高科技产业园有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity graphite film temperature-equalizing plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114214686A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 成都四威高科技产业园有限公司 | Graphite film lamination with low interface thermal resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN115043662A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-13 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity graphite thick plate based on welding process |
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| CN111349807A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-30 | 苏州优越新材料有限公司 | Copper-coated graphite film reinforced copper-based laminated block composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111823664A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-27 | 深圳市汉嵙新材料技术有限公司 | Graphite composite radiating fin and preparation method thereof |
| CN113549867A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-26 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-cold-capacity transmission all-carbon flexible cold chain structure |
| CN113549867B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-04-29 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of high-cold-capacity transmission all-carbon flexible cold chain structure |
| CN114055864A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-18 | 河北宇天材料科技有限公司 | Composite-structure heat-conducting plate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113999657A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-01 | 安徽碳华新材料科技有限公司 | Processing technology of alkene-carbon composite material |
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| CN114214686A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 成都四威高科技产业园有限公司 | Graphite film lamination with low interface thermal resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN115043662A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-13 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity graphite thick plate based on welding process |
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