CN110744016A - Device and method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in tundish - Google Patents
Device and method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in tundish Download PDFInfo
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- CN110744016A CN110744016A CN201910988542.7A CN201910988542A CN110744016A CN 110744016 A CN110744016 A CN 110744016A CN 201910988542 A CN201910988542 A CN 201910988542A CN 110744016 A CN110744016 A CN 110744016A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
- B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/58—Pouring-nozzles with gas injecting means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in a tundish, wherein the device comprises a tundish body, a cylindrical reactor and a powder spraying device, the cylindrical reactor is positioned at the central position of the tundish body, the central position of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor is provided with an air vent and an air permeable element, the molten steel flows into the cylindrical reactor through a ladle long nozzle and is fully mixed with rare earth powder, and the molten steel flows into the tundish body from the upper edge of the cylindrical reactor after reaction. Adopt this device to handle the molten steel, utilize inert gas to blow in the molten steel through the ventilative component of middle package bottom with the rare earth powder of carrying, rare earth powder and molten steel mix at first in the cylindrical reactor of volume littleer, gaseous stirring effect has improved the even degree of rare earth powder and molten steel, improves the kinetic condition of metallurgical reaction, improves the yield and the utilization ratio of rare earth powder, has advantages such as equipment is simple, convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous casting, and particularly relates to a device and a method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in a tundish.
Background
Rare earth is a general name of seventeen metal elements including lanthanide elements, scandium and yttrium in a chemical periodic table, and due to the unique extra-nuclear electronic structure of the rare earth elements, the rare earth elements have active properties, strong reducibility and unique optical, electrical and magnetic properties, so that the rare earth elements are widely used. Rare earth elements are also of great importance in the metallurgical industry.
The rare earth elements or rare earth metal oxides added into the molten steel have the function of fine adjustment of components, and can change the structure and the form of metal crystals, improve the surface quality of a casting blank, improve the nonuniformity of a microstructure, refine crystal grains to obtain a compact structure and improve the strength and the toughness of steel; improve the form of the sulfide inclusion or eliminate the sulfide inclusion, eliminate the eutectic carbide with a network structure and uniformly distribute the eutectic carbide in the structure, reduce the quantity of the inclusion, change the form and the distribution of the inclusion and improve the mechanical property and the mechanical property of a steel product.
The rare earth elements are added into the molten steel, so that the effect of 'fixing hydrogen' is achieved, the possibility of free diffusion of hydrogen and aggregation of hydrogen molecules into bubbles is reduced, and the harm of hydrogen is reduced; the rare earth elements have strong activity and high electrochemical electrode potential, and the anode of the steel material is strongly polarized along with the hydrogen discharge reaction in the corrosion process, so that the corrosion rate is reduced, and the corrosion resistance of the steel material is improved. The experimental results of researchers show that: after the test steel added with 0.08% by mass of Ce is corroded for 384h in 3.5% by mass of NaCl solution (water bath temperature is 35 ℃), the corrosion mass loss is reduced by 11.4% compared with that of the test steel without rare earth Ce, and the electrochemical corrosion resistance of the ultrahigh-strength steel can be improved by adding rare earth Ce.
The rare earth adding method for treating molten steel by using rare earth comprises a ladle indentation method, a ladle powder blowing method, a ladle rare earth wire feeding method, a tundish rare earth wire feeding method, a crystallizer rare earth wire feeding method and the like.
The ladle pressing-in method is simple to operate, the rare earth components are uniformly distributed in the molten steel, but the recovery rate is low, and the impurities are not completely deteriorated; the ladle blowing powder method can obtain better dynamic conditions, promote the mixing of rare earth elements and molten steel, but has complex operation; the method for feeding the rare earth wires by the steel ladle is simple to operate, and purifies the molten steel, but also has the defects of low recovery rate of rare earth elements, incomplete deterioration of inclusions and the like; the tundish rare earth wire feeding method is simple to operate, the rare earth elements are uniformly distributed in the molten steel, the utilization rate is high, the impurities are completely deteriorated, the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved, but the problems of water gap nodulation, rare earth wire burning loss, reaction with a molten covering agent to influence the physicochemical property of the covering agent and the like exist; although the method of feeding the rare earth wire by the crystallizer has no problem of nozzle clogging, the rare earth element cannot be sufficiently diffused and is unevenly distributed in the crystallizer with a small volume and in a cooling state, and the rare earth inclusion generated by the reaction with the molten steel component cannot be floated to the mold powder and is retained in the molten steel, thereby affecting the quality of the cast slab.
Therefore, a method for treating molten steel by using rare earth, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, thorough deterioration of impurities and uniform distribution of rare earth elements in the molten steel, is needed, and rare earth powder is sprayed at the bottom of a tundish to solve the problems. The device related by the method mainly comprises a tundish body, a cylindrical reactor and a powder spraying device, and particularly, argon is used as carrier gas to blow carried rare earth powder into molten steel through a ventilating element at the bottom of the cylindrical reactor to complete metallurgical reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in a tundish, wherein inert gas argon is used as carrier gas to blow carried rare earth powder into the molten steel through a ventilating element at the bottom of the tundish, so that higher utilization rate and homogenization degree of rare earth elements in the molten steel are realized, and the positive effect of the rare earth elements in metallurgy is exerted.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a device for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in a tundish comprises a tundish body, a cylindrical reactor and a powder spraying device, wherein the cylindrical reactor is positioned at the central position of the tundish body, a vent hole is reserved at the central position of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor, and a ventilating element is arranged on the cylindrical reactor.
The height range of the cylindrical reactor is 700-800mm, and the inner diameter size is 700-800 mm.
The air holes and the air permeable elements are positioned at the center of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor, the diameter of the radial section of each air hole is 50-80mm, the air permeable elements are slit type air permeable bricks, and the width of each slit is 0.10-0.15 mm.
The method for treating the molten steel by using the device for treating the molten steel by using the rare earth in the tundish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before molten steel enters the cylindrical reactor from the ladle long nozzle, opening a charging valve, accurately weighing rare earth powder with the granularity of less than 45 mu m, adding the rare earth powder into a powder spraying tank, and closing the charging valve after the addition is finished;
step two: opening a main valve to fill argon into an argon distribution chamber in the powder spraying device, and distributing three branches connected with the main valve according to different actions, wherein the argon pressure of the branch connected with the powder spraying tank is set to be 0.5MPa, the argon flow of the branch connected with a fluidizer is controlled to be 50-90L/min, and rare earth powder in the powder spraying tank is changed into a fluidized state by the fluidizer;
step three: opening a branch of an argon distribution chamber in a powder spraying device communicated with a gas permeable element before the molten steel flows out of a ladle long nozzle and enters a cylindrical reactor, blowing argon into the cylindrical reactor to avoid the molten steel from blocking the gas permeable element, and controlling the flow of the argon in the branch between 20L/min and 50L/min to ensure that the powder density in the argon is between 40 kg/m and 80kg/m3Ensuring the smooth operation of the blowing operation;
step four: when molten steel enters the cylindrical reactor, a discharge valve in the powder spraying device is opened, fluidized rare earth powder is sprayed into the cylindrical reactor through the air permeable element under the drainage action of argon in a branch of the argon distribution chamber communicated with the air permeable element, and is mixed with the molten steel flowing out of the long nozzle of the steel ladle, so that the pressure of the branch is maintained between 0.35 and 0.55MPa, and the fluidized rare earth powder can be blown into the cylindrical reactor under the action of argon; finally, the molten steel flows into a crystallizer from an outlet of the tundish molten steel, and the blowing process is ensured to be accompanied with the whole continuous casting process;
step five: and detecting the quality of the casting blank after the continuous casting process is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the argon is used as carrier gas to blow the rare earth powder with the grain diameter of less than 45 mu m in a fluidized state into the cylindrical reactor to react with the molten steel, compared with the prior art that the particle size of the powder is small when metal wires are added or metal blocks are directly added, the probability of the contact of the rare earth powder and the molten steel is increased, the reaction area is enlarged, compared with wire feeding, the wire feeding device has good diffusivity and meltability, and the uniformity of rare earth elements in the molten steel is guaranteed;
2. according to the invention, the cylindrical reactor with the air-permeable element at the bottom is arranged in the tundish body, the rare earth element is added in a form of spraying the rare earth powder at the bottom, and when the rare earth element is added in the form of spraying at the bottom, the thermal process and the mass transfer process between the rare earth powder and the molten steel are fully carried out in the floating process, so that the contact time of the rare earth powder and the molten steel is improved, the reaction speed of the rare earth powder and the molten steel is accelerated, the mixing uniformity is improved, and the reaction is more fully improved;
3. in the invention, argon is taken as carrier gas to blow carried rare earth powder into molten steel, and the stirring of the argon provides dynamic conditions for the diffusion of rare earth elements;
4. according to the invention, the rare earth elements are injected and added from the bottom of the tundish, so that the rare earth elements can be mixed and reacted with molten steel in the rising process after entering the cylindrical reactor, secondary oxidation of the rare earth elements is avoided, meanwhile, reduction of metallurgical performance of a covering agent caused by burning loss and reaction of the covering agent of the tundish on the rare earth elements during wire feeding is avoided, and the utilization rate of the rare earth elements is improved.
5. The cylindrical reactor is arranged in the tundish, so that the uniform and stable flow of molten steel is facilitated, bias flow is avoided, the consistent temperature and components of each outlet of the tundish are ensured, and the anisotropy of a casting blank is reduced;
6. according to the invention, rare earth powder is directly added into a cylindrical reactor with a small volume, the small volume of the cylindrical reactor can promote the added rare earth powder to be uniformly distributed in the cylinder in a short time, so that favorable conditions are provided for the uniformity of molten steel components in a tundish, molten steel and rare earth powder are firstly mixed in the cylindrical reactor, the injection flow of the molten steel is controlled in the cylindrical reactor, good dynamic conditions can be obtained, the uniform mixing degree of rare earth elements in the molten steel can be improved, and the mixed rare earth elements flow into a tundish body from the upper end of the cylindrical reactor;
7. the ventilating element is positioned at the center of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor, the outflow direction of the molten steel is opposite to the inflow direction of the argon carrying the rare earth powder, the flowing disorder degree of the molten steel can be increased, the dynamic condition of the molten steel is improved, the collision growth of inclusions is promoted, and meanwhile, favorable conditions are provided for the diffusion of the rare earth powder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the connection of an apparatus for treating molten steel with rare earth in a tundish according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front half-sectional view of a tundish of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of a tundish of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the tundish body according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a tundish body and a cylindrical reactor in the present invention;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
1-argon source, 2-total pressure gauge, 3-total valve, 4-argon distribution chamber, 5-first flow meter, 6-second flow meter, 7-third flow meter, 8-first pressure meter, 9-second pressure meter, 10-third pressure meter, 11-loading hopper, 12-loading valve, 13-powder spraying tank, 14-fluidizer, 15-discharging valve, 16-ventilating element, 17-ladle long nozzle, 18-cylindrical reactor, 19-tundish body and 20-tundish molten steel outlet.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the present invention, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention will be described in detail by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2-5, a device for treating molten steel with rare earth in a tundish comprises a tundish body 19, a cylindrical reactor 18 and a powder spraying device, wherein the cylindrical reactor 18 is positioned at the central position of the tundish body 19, the central position of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor 18 is provided with a vent hole, and the cylindrical reactor is provided with a vent element 16; the air holes and the air permeable element 16 are positioned at the center of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor 18; molten steel flows into a cylindrical reactor 18 through a ladle long nozzle 17, is fully mixed with rare earth powder and reacts, and then flows into a tundish body 19 from the upper edge of the cylindrical reactor 18, and a gas permeable element 16 adopts a slit type gas permeable brick. The addition amount of the rare earth powder needs to be determined according to the number of continuous casting furnaces, the total molten steel amount, the purpose of adding the rare earth and other factors, the addition of the rare earth element needs to determine proper powder density, and the addition of all the rare earth powder is ensured to run through the whole continuous casting process so as to ensure the consistency of the components of the casting blank before and after the addition of the rare earth powder.
In the embodiment, the size of the upper part of the tundish body 19 is 4820mm multiplied by 1500mm, the size of the lower part is 4620mm multiplied by 1300mm, the total height is 1200mm, the inner diameter of the ladle long nozzle 17 is 100mm, and the inner diameter of the tundish molten steel outlet 20 is 80 mm; the height of the cylindrical reactor 18 is 770mm, the inner diameter is 750mm, the slit width of the slit-type air brick is 0.12mm, and the diameter of the radial section of the air hole is 70 mm.
The size and the drawing speed of a casting blank produced by continuous casting are determined according to the specific conditions during production, and the method for treating the molten steel by utilizing the rare earth in the tundish has no influence on the method.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for treating molten steel by using the device for treating molten steel by using rare earth in the tundish comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the amount of rare earth powder to be added according to the number of continuous casting furnaces, the total molten steel amount and components, opening a charging valve 12 before molten steel enters a cylindrical reactor 18 from a ladle long nozzle 17, accurately weighing the rare earth powder with the granularity of less than 45 mu m in a charging hopper 11, adding the rare earth powder into a powder spraying tank 13, and closing the charging valve 12 after the addition is finished;
step two: opening a main valve 3 to fill argon in an argon source 1 into an argon distribution chamber 4, arranging a main pressure meter 2 between the main valve 3 and the argon source 1, distributing three branches of the argon distribution chamber 4, which are communicated with the top of a powder spraying tank 13, a fluidizer 14 and a breathable element 16 according to different functions, respectively, pressurizing rare earth powder in the powder spraying tank 13 through the branch connected with the top of the powder spraying tank 13, arranging a first flow meter 5 and a first pressure meter 8 on the branches, and setting the pressure value to be 0.5 MPa; argon is blown into the fluidization chamber 14 through a branch connected with the fluidizer 14 to enable the rare earth powder entering the powder spraying tank 13 to be in a fluidization state, a second flowmeter 6 and a second pressure gauge 9 are arranged on the branch connected with the fluidizer 14, and the flow rate of the argon is set to be 60L/min;
step three: before the molten steel flows out of a ladle long nozzle 17 and enters a cylindrical reactor 18, a branch of an argon distribution chamber 4 communicated with a ventilation element 16 is opened, argon is blown into the cylindrical reactor 18 to avoid the molten steel from blocking the ventilation element 16, a third flowmeter 7 and a third pressure gauge 10 are arranged on the branch communicated with the ventilation element 16, and the flow of the argon in the branch is controlled to be 50L/min so that the density of powder in the argon is 65kg/m3To ensure the smooth operation of the blowing operation;
step four: opening a discharge valve 15, spraying fluidized rare earth powder into a cylindrical reactor 18 through a ventilating element 16 at the bottom of the cylindrical reactor 18 through a pipeline under the drainage action of argon in a branch of a ventilating element 16 communicated with the argon distribution chamber 4, mixing the fluidized rare earth powder with molten steel flowing out of a ladle long nozzle 17, and finally flowing into a crystallizer from a middle ladle molten steel outlet 20 to ensure that the spraying process is accompanied with the whole continuous casting process;
step five: and detecting the quality of the casting blank after the continuous casting process is finished.
The method provided by the invention is used for carrying out rare earth treatment on the molten steel in the tundish to discover that: the rare earth components in the casting blank are uniformly distributed, and the phenomenon of element segregation does not occur; the addition of the rare earth elements not only reduces the sulfur content and the oxygen content in the molten steel, but also changes the form of inclusions, and is beneficial to removing the inclusions and improving the cleanliness of the molten steel; the method improves the nonuniformity of the casting blank microstructure, refines crystal grains, obtains a compact structure, greatly improves the mechanical property and the mechanical property of a steel product, and can obtain higher rare earth yield by carrying out rare earth treatment on the molten steel in the tundish by using the method provided by the invention, wherein the yield is more than 75%.
Claims (4)
1. A device for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in a tundish is characterized in that: the tundish comprises a tundish body, a cylindrical reactor and a powder spraying device, wherein the cylindrical reactor is positioned at the central position of the tundish body, a breather hole is reserved at the central position of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor, and a ventilating element is arranged.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured to treat molten steel with rare earth in a tundish, the apparatus comprising: the height range of the cylindrical reactor is 700-800mm, and the inner diameter size is 700-800 mm.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is configured to treat molten steel with rare earth in a tundish, the apparatus comprising: the air holes and the air permeable elements are positioned at the center of the bottom of the cylindrical reactor, the diameter of the radial section of each air hole is 50-80mm, the air permeable elements are slit type air permeable bricks, and the width of each slit is 0.10-0.15 mm.
4. The method of treating molten steel in a tundish using an apparatus for treating molten steel with a rare earth according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before molten steel enters the cylindrical reactor from the ladle long nozzle, opening a charging valve, accurately weighing rare earth powder with the granularity of less than 45 mu m, adding the rare earth powder into a powder spraying tank, and closing the charging valve after the addition is finished;
step two: opening a main valve to fill argon into an argon distribution chamber in the powder spraying device, and distributing three branches connected with the main valve according to different actions, wherein the argon pressure of the branch connected with the powder spraying tank is set to be 0.5MPa, the argon flow of the branch connected with a fluidizer is controlled to be 50-90L/min, and rare earth powder in the powder spraying tank is changed into a fluidized state by the fluidizer;
step three: opening a branch of an argon distribution chamber in a powder spraying device communicated with a gas permeable element before the molten steel flows out of a ladle long nozzle and enters a cylindrical reactor, blowing argon into the cylindrical reactor to avoid the molten steel from blocking the gas permeable element, and controlling the flow of the argon in the branch between 20L/min and 50L/min to ensure that the powder density in the argon is between 40 kg/m and 80kg/m3Ensuring the smooth operation of the blowing operation;
step four: when molten steel enters the cylindrical reactor, a discharge valve in the powder spraying device is opened, fluidized rare earth powder is sprayed into the cylindrical reactor through the air permeable element under the drainage action of argon in a branch of the argon distribution chamber communicated with the air permeable element, and is mixed with the molten steel flowing out of the long nozzle of the steel ladle, so that the pressure of the branch is maintained between 0.35 and 0.55MPa, and the fluidized rare earth powder can be blown into the cylindrical reactor under the action of argon; finally, the molten steel flows into a crystallizer from an outlet of the tundish molten steel, and the blowing process is ensured to be accompanied with the whole continuous casting process;
step five: and detecting the quality of the casting blank after the continuous casting process is finished.
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| CN201910988542.7A CN110744016A (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2019-10-17 | Device and method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in tundish |
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| CN201910988542.7A CN110744016A (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2019-10-17 | Device and method for treating molten steel by utilizing rare earth in tundish |
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