CN110739855A - 一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口dc/dc变换器 - Google Patents

一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口dc/dc变换器 Download PDF

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CN110739855A
CN110739855A CN201910962392.2A CN201910962392A CN110739855A CN 110739855 A CN110739855 A CN 110739855A CN 201910962392 A CN201910962392 A CN 201910962392A CN 110739855 A CN110739855 A CN 110739855A
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power
double
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topology
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郑昕昕
罗家伟
刘新天
何耀
潘轶山
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Hefei University of Technology
Hefei Polytechnic University
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Hefei Polytechnic University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器，将每路双管正激拓扑作为一个桥臂，其中两路双管正激拓扑的直流侧分别连接锂电池和超级电容，另一路双管正激拓扑作为机动桥臂实现增容，一路全桥拓扑的直流侧连接负载，三路双管正激拓扑的交流侧分别连接高频变压器的三路原边绕组，全桥拓扑的交流侧连接高频变压器的单路副边绕组，全桥拓扑的直流侧连接负载。本发明功率开关器件少，能够降低变换器体积和成本；能够根据锂电池和超级电容这两种电源的实时供电功率切换其端口对应的功率变换拓扑能承受的最大功率等级，提高变换器的效率和功率密度；各端口间均能够实现能量的双向流动。

Description

一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器
技术领域
本发明涉及混合供电技术领域，尤其涉及一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器。
背景技术
目前用于锂电池和超级电容混合供电系统的多端口隔离型DC/DC变换器中，各端口对应的功率变换拓扑通常全部应用全桥拓扑，功率开关器件较多，增加了电路体积和成本，且混合供电系统中的电源为锂电池和超级电容，两者并非始终以最大功率供电，这就导致锂电池和超级电容所在端口对应的功率变换拓扑无法始终工作在满功率状态，降低了变换器的效率和功率密度。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器。在负载端的功率变换拓扑采用全桥拓扑，而锂电池和超级电容这两处电源端的功率变换拓扑则采用可增容的双管正激拓扑，将每路双管正激拓扑作为一个桥臂，并增设机动桥臂实现增容。所提出的变换器能够根据锂电池和超级电容这两种电源的实时供电功率切换其端口对应的功率变换拓扑能承受的最大功率等级，提高变换器的效率和功率密度。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器，包括有高频隔离变压器、电源端三路双管正激拓扑和一路全桥拓扑，将每路双管正激拓扑作为一个桥臂，其中两路双管正激拓扑的直流侧分别连接锂电池和超级电容，另一路双管正激拓扑作为机动桥臂实现增容，一路全桥拓扑的直流侧连接负载，三路双管正激拓扑的交流侧分别连接高频变压器的三路原边绕组，全桥拓扑的交流侧连接高频变压器的单路副边绕组，全桥拓扑的直流侧连接负载。
所述的一路双管正激拓扑作为机动桥臂实现增容，具体为：当动力电池供电功率大时，机动桥臂的直流侧连接动力电池；当超级电容供电功率大时，机动桥臂的直流侧连接超级电容。
所述的高频变压器原边共三路绕组，副边一路绕组，每路双管正激拓扑均包括有两个单向开关和两个功率二极管，单向开关一的阳极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口一相连接，单向开关一的阴极分别与功率二极管一的阴极和高频变压器原边绕组的同名端相连，功率二极管一的阳极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口二连接；功率二极管二的阴极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口一相连接，功率二极管二的阳极分别与单向开关二的阳极和高频变压器原边绕组的异名端相连，单向开关二的阴极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口二连接；
一路全桥拓扑包括有四个单向开关和四个功率二极管，全桥拓扑直流侧端口一分别与单向开关三、五的阳极以及功率二极管四、六的阴极相连，全桥拓扑直流侧端口二分别与单向开关四、六的阴极以及功率二极管三、五的阳极相连，单向开关三的阴极、单向开关六的阳极、功率二极管三的阴极和功率二极管六的阳极均连接高频变压器副边绕组的同名端，单向开关四的阳极、单向开关五的阴极、功率二极管四的阳极和功率二极管五的阴极均连接高频变压器副边绕组的异名端。
本发明的优点是：本发明功率开关器件少于传统的多端口全桥隔离型DC/DC变换器，能够降低变换器体积和成本；能够根据锂电池和超级电容这两种电源的实时供电功率切换其端口对应的功率变换拓扑能承受的最大功率等级，提高变换器的效率和功率密度；各端口间均能够实现能量的双向流动。
附图说明
图1为本发明的电路结构示意图。
图2为动力电池增容端口连接方式图。
图3为超级电容增容端口连接方式图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器，包括高频隔离变压器、电源端三路双管正激拓扑和负载端一路全桥拓扑，将每路双管正激拓扑作为一个桥臂，其中三路双管正激拓扑中的两路分别连接锂电池和超级电容，另一路作为机动桥臂实现增容功能，且连接锂电池和超级电容为双管正激拓扑的直流侧，即锂电池的直流侧为端口1、2，超级电容的直流侧为端口5、6。一路全桥拓扑的直流侧（端口7、8）连接负载。三路双管正激拓扑的交流侧分别连接高频变压器的三路原边绕组，全桥拓扑的交流侧连接高频变压器的单路副边绕组。
高频变压器原边共三路绕组，副边一路绕组，第一路双管正激拓扑的单向开关Sm1的阳极与直流侧端口1相连接，单向开关Sm1的阴极与功率二极管Dm1的阴极相连，并与原边第一路绕组的同名端相连，功率二极管Dm1的阳极与直流侧端口2连接；功率二极管Dm2的阴极与直流侧端口1相连接，功率二极管Dm2的阳极与单向开关Sm2的阳极相连，并与原边第一路绕组的异名端相连，单向开关Sm2的阴极与直流侧端口2连接。
单向开关Sm3的阳极与直流侧端口3相连接，单向开关Sm3的阴极与功率二极管Dm3的阴极相连，并与原边第二路绕组的同名端相连，功率二极管Dm3的阳极与直流侧端口4连接；功率二极管Dm4的阴极与直流侧端口3相连接，Dm4的阳极与单向开关Sm4的阳极相连，并与原边第二路绕组的异名端相连，单向开关Sm4的阴极与直流侧端口4连接。
单向开关Sm5的阳极与直流侧端口5相连接，单向开关Sm5的阴极与功率二极管Dm5的阴极相连，并与原边第三路绕组的同名端相连，功率二极管Dm5的阳极与直流侧端口6连接；功率二极管Dm6的阴极与直流侧端口5相连接，Dm6的阳极与单向开关Sm6的阳极相连，并与原边第三路绕组的异名端相连，单向开关Sm6的阴极与直流侧端口6连接。
全桥拓扑的直流侧端口7与单向开关Si1、Si3的阳极，以及功率二极管Di2、Di4的阴极相连，Si1的阴极和Di4的阳极相连，并与副边绕组的同名端、功率二极管Di1的阴极以及单向开关Si4的阳极相连，Si2的阴极和Di2的阳极相连，并与副边绕组的同名端、功率二极管Di1的阴极以及单向开关Si4的阳极相连，并与副边绕组的异名端、功率二极管Di3的阴极以及单向开关Si2的阳极相连。直流侧端口8与单向开关Si2、Si4的阴极，以及功率二极管Di1、Di3的阳极相连。
如图2所示，根据电池和超级电容供电的功率需求，对于功率需求大的电源端，通过切入机动桥臂实现增容，当动力电池供电功率大时，机动桥臂的直流端口3、4连接动力电池。
如图3所示，当超级电容供电功率大时，机动桥臂的直流端口3、4连接超级电容。

Claims (3)

1.一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器，其特征在于：包括有高频隔离变压器、电源端三路双管正激拓扑和一路全桥拓扑，将每路双管正激拓扑作为一个桥臂，其中两路双管正激拓扑的直流侧分别连接锂电池和超级电容，另一路双管正激拓扑作为机动桥臂实现增容，一路全桥拓扑的直流侧连接负载，三路双管正激拓扑的交流侧分别连接高频变压器的三路原边绕组，全桥拓扑的交流侧连接高频变压器的单路副边绕组，全桥拓扑的直流侧连接负载。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器，其特征在于：所述的一路双管正激拓扑作为机动桥臂实现增容，具体为：当动力电池供电功率大时，机动桥臂的直流侧连接动力电池；当超级电容供电功率大时，机动桥臂的直流侧连接超级电容。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种混合供电系统隔离增容型多端口DC/DC变换器，其特征在于：所述的高频变压器原边共三路绕组，副边一路绕组，每路双管正激拓扑均包括有两个单向开关和两个功率二极管，单向开关一的阳极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口一相连接，单向开关一的阴极分别与功率二极管一的阴极和高频变压器原边绕组的同名端相连，功率二极管一的阳极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口二连接；功率二极管二的阴极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口一相连接，功率二极管二的阳极分别与单向开关二的阳极和高频变压器原边绕组的异名端相连，单向开关二的阴极与双管正激拓扑直流侧端口二连接；
一路全桥拓扑包括有四个单向开关和四个功率二极管，全桥拓扑直流侧端口一分别与单向开关三、五的阳极以及功率二极管四、六的阴极相连，全桥拓扑直流侧端口二分别与单向开关四、六的阴极以及功率二极管三、五的阳极相连，单向开关三的阴极、单向开关六的阳极、功率二极管三的阴极和功率二极管六的阳极均连接高频变压器副边绕组的同名端，单向开关四的阳极、单向开关五的阴极、功率二极管四的阳极和功率二极管五的阴极均连接高频变压器副边绕组的异名端。
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