CN110739530B - 5G intelligent antenna module adapting to multiple space fields - Google Patents
5G intelligent antenna module adapting to multiple space fields Download PDFInfo
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- CN110739530B CN110739530B CN201910976541.0A CN201910976541A CN110739530B CN 110739530 B CN110739530 B CN 110739530B CN 201910976541 A CN201910976541 A CN 201910976541A CN 110739530 B CN110739530 B CN 110739530B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/318—Received signal strength
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
- H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
Abstract
The invention discloses a 5G intelligent antenna module adapting to multiple spatial fields, which comprises: the device comprises a wireless chip, a double number of antennas, a control unit, an application unit and a neural network training unit. A wireless chip is connected to the dual number of antennas having the dual number of antenna patterns. The control unit is connected with a plurality of antennas, the application unit is connected with the wireless chip and the control unit, the application unit switches a plurality of antenna modes, obtains physical layer data rates corresponding to each antenna mode, and selects the antenna mode corresponding to the highest physical layer data rate as a preferred antenna mode. The neural network training unit is connected with the application unit and stores the preferred antenna pattern and the corresponding preferred physical layer data rate as pattern training information. When any of the data rates of the double physical layers meets the optimal data rate of the physical layer of the mode training information, the neural network training calculation unit replaces the application unit to determine the switching of the double antenna modes, so as to shorten the judgment time for selecting the optimal antenna mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antenna module, in particular to a 5G intelligent antenna module suitable for multiple spatial fields.
Background
The wireless transmission throughput of the terminal device in the field is greatly affected by the environmental change, and the user may not always experience the transmission performance of the maximum data rate according to the upper limit of the throughput designed by the device when using the terminal device. Moreover, wireless transmission not only requires a digital chip with sufficient processing capability to perform signal encoding and decoding, but also requires a correspondingly improved rf circuit to be matched with an antenna (or antenna system) with sufficient bandwidth and high efficiency. In fact, the practical upper limit of the data transmission rate of the wireless product provided by the wireless product supplier is not limited by the performance limitations of the various rf devices, analog modules and digital modules, but rather is limited by the degree of integration of all the devices and modules hardware in cooperation with the software algorithm.
When the era of the fifth Generation Mobile communication network (5th Generation Mobile Networks, 5G) is reached, the cost of the wireless chip of the smart antenna is higher, and the system construction cost is also greatly increased. However, the conventional system design point is that the increase or decrease of the Wireless data transmission rate during Wireless transmission is mainly determined by the control and channel state (external transmission environment) of the Wireless chip (Wireless chip), and the rf element and the antenna element are passive without any control. There are still limitations to finding solutions for increasing data transmission rate from the wireless chip point of view, and the system integration results in significant impact on the overall performance of the 5G smart antenna module (or called module). In particular, in mobile terminal devices, the industry is concerned with not only improving the instantaneous maximum transmission rate, but also expecting that wireless devices can improve both the transmission rate and the stability at the same time, and there is a need for a scheme that can improve the quality of wireless communication in response to environmental conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial domains, which improves the long-term average speed and stability of wireless data transmission rate through antenna mode optimization and selection, and shortens the antenna mode selection time.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the 5G intelligent antenna module suitable for the multi-space field comprises:
a wireless chip;
the double antennas are connected with the wireless chip, each antenna is provided with double working state patterns, and the working state patterns of the antennas form double antenna modes;
the control unit is connected with the antenna and used for controlling the antenna mode;
an application unit, connected to the wireless chip and the control unit, for switching the antenna modes by using the control unit, obtaining physical layer data rates corresponding to each of the antenna modes, storing the physical layer data rates corresponding to the antenna modes as mode sampling information, and selecting the antenna mode corresponding to the highest one of the physical layer data rates as a preferred antenna mode according to the mode sampling information, wherein the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode is a preferred physical layer data rate; and
the neural network training unit is connected with the application unit and stores the preferred antenna pattern and the corresponding preferred physical layer data rate as pattern training information; the neural network training unit judges whether any physical layer data rate of the antenna pattern meets the optimal physical layer data rate of the pattern training information, and when any physical layer data rate of the antenna pattern meets the optimal physical layer data rate of the pattern training information, the neural network training unit replaces the application unit to determine the switching of the antenna pattern according to the pattern training information so as to shorten the judgment time for selecting the optimal antenna pattern.
Further, the application unit receives a field test signal from the wireless device by using the antenna to execute a field test mode at a test position and obtains a field test throughput and a field test physical layer data rate of the field test mode, and the application unit stores a relation ratio of the field test throughput and the field test physical layer data rate; wherein, the application unit receives the remote signal from the wireless device by using the antenna to execute the working mode at the testing position and obtains the working mode throughput and the working mode physical layer data rate of the working mode, and the application unit multiplies the working mode physical layer data rate by the relation ratio to obtain the target throughput; wherein the application unit monitors whether the operating mode throughput is lower than the target throughput, and when the operating mode throughput is lower than the target throughput, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode.
Further, when the working mode throughput is lower than the target throughput and the difference between the working mode throughput and the target throughput is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the application unit changes the modulation and coding scheme selected by the wireless chip, and selects the antenna mode corresponding to the highest physical layer data rate from the mode sampling information as the updated preferred antenna mode based on the changed modulation and coding scheme.
Further, when the operating mode throughput is lower than the target throughput and the difference between the operating mode throughput and the target throughput is smaller than a preset value, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode according to the received signal strength indication and the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna obtained by the wireless chip.
Further, the 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial domains is installed in a mobile terminal device, wherein in the field test mode, the application unit executes a full load test.
Further, the application unit includes a status monitor, wherein after the application unit selects the preferred antenna mode, the status monitor determines whether the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode is decreased and the decreased amplitude exceeds a noise range, and when the decreased amplitude of the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode exceeds the noise range, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode.
Further, the 5G intelligent antenna module adapting to the multiple spatial domains is installed on a mobile terminal device, and the mobile terminal device is a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, an all-in-one computer or an intelligent television.
Further, each of the antennas has at least one reflection unit or at least one ground current control unit, and the way of the mobile terminal device changing the operation state of the antenna includes controlling the reflection unit or the ground current control unit of each of the antennas; wherein the manner of controlling the reflection unit includes: selecting a diode to conduct a half-wavelength reflector, or selecting a diode not to conduct and to make an extension loop extend a path of the half-wavelength reflector by using a capacitor; wherein the manner of controlling the ground current control unit comprises: and selecting to conduct the ground current part to the ground through a switch, or selecting not to conduct the switch and connecting a ground capacitor between the ground current part and the ground.
Further, each of the antennas includes:
an omnidirectional antenna unit erected on the ground plane for exciting an omnidirectional radiation pattern;
the first parasitic element is erected in a first opening area of the ground plane, the first opening area is provided with a first diode and a first capacitor, the first parasitic element is connected with the ground plane through the first capacitor, and the first parasitic element is conducted with the ground plane through the conducted first diode to shorten a ground path;
a second parasitic element standing on a second opening region of the ground plane, the second opening region having a second diode and a second capacitor, the second parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the second capacitor, and the second parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the second diode to shorten a ground path;
a third parasitic element standing on a third opening region of the ground plane, the third opening region being provided with a third diode and a third capacitor, the third parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the third capacitor, and the third parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the third diode to shorten a ground path; and
a fourth parasitic element erected on a fourth aperture region of the ground plane, the fourth aperture region being provided with a fourth diode and a fourth capacitor, the fourth parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the fourth capacitor, and the fourth parasitic element conducting the ground plane through the conducted fourth diode to shorten a ground path;
wherein the first parasitic element, the second parasitic element, the third parasitic element and the fourth parasitic element are symmetrically erected around the omnidirectional antenna unit by taking the omnidirectional antenna unit as a center;
wherein, the conducting states of the first diode, the second diode, the third diode and the fourth diode are used to control eight modes.
Further, the antenna operates in a 3.5GHz band or a 6GHz band of a fifth generation mobile communication network system.
Besides the obvious benefits of long-term average speed and stability improvement of wireless transmission data rate by updating the optimal antenna mode, the time for selecting the optimal antenna mode is shortened by using a neural network training means, and the method has high industrial application value.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that the best antenna mode in all antenna modes can be selected as the preferred antenna mode by using the mode sampling means facing the variable situation in the use environment space and matching with the specification conditions of the modulation and coding mechanism selected when the wireless chip operates, thereby being beneficial to improving the long-term average speed and the stability of the wireless transmission data rate and having high industrial application value in the aspect of mobile terminal devices.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial fields according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a main algorithm of a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial fields according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna and a reflection unit thereof of a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial fields according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a ground plane of an antenna of a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial fields according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided in the embodiment of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of two antennas and a reflection unit thereof of a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial fields according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial domains, which is used for a mobile terminal device having dual antennas and is used to execute an algorithm and a control procedure in cooperation with an operating system of the mobile terminal device. The mobile terminal device is a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, an all-in-one computer or a smart television, but is not limited thereto. The 5G intelligent antenna module adapting to the multi-space field is suitable for a fifth generation mobile communication network (5G). Referring to fig. 1, a mobile terminal apparatus 1 performs wireless communication with an external apparatus 9 (e.g., a radio base station) conforming to the fifth generation mobile communication network specification. The 5G smart antenna module 100 that accommodates multiple spatial fields includes: the device comprises a wireless chip 11, a plurality of antennas 12, a control unit 13, an application unit 14 and a neural network training unit 15. The double antennas 12 are connected with the wireless chip 11, each antenna 12 has double working states, and the double working states of the double antennas 12 form a double antenna mode. The dual number antenna 12 operates in a 3.5GHz band or a 6GHz band of a fifth generation mobile communication (5G) system. The control unit 13 is connected to the dual antennas 12 for controlling the dual antenna mode. The application unit 14 is connected to the wireless chip 11 and the control unit 13, the application unit 14 uses the control unit 13 to switch the plurality of antenna modes, obtains a physical-layer data rate (phy data rate) corresponding to each antenna mode, stores the plurality of phy data rates corresponding to the plurality of antenna modes as mode sampling information, and selects an antenna mode corresponding to the highest phy data rate of the plurality of phy data rates as a preferred antenna mode according to the mode sampling information, wherein the phy data rate of the preferred antenna mode is the preferred phy data rate. The neural network training unit 15 is connected to the application unit 14, and stores the preferred antenna pattern and the corresponding preferred physical layer data rate as pattern training information. Wherein, the neural network training unit 15 determines whether the double physical layer data rates of the double antenna patterns have any preferred physical layer data rate according with the pattern training information, and when the double physical layer data rates of the double antenna patterns have any preferred physical layer data rate according with the pattern training information, the neural network training unit 15 determines the switching of the double antenna patterns according with the pattern training information instead of the application unit 14, so as to shorten the determination time for selecting the preferred antenna pattern.
The basis for selecting the preferred antenna mode may be based on throughput (throughput) and physical layer data rate. Based on the spatial domain used by the mobile terminal device (e.g., the indoor building domain such as living room, bedroom, office, exhibition space, hall, etc.), the performance of the mobile terminal device receiving the wireless signal is affected by the location of the mobile terminal device in the spatial domain, and also by the location of the wireless signal source in the spatial domain, and the environmental status of the spatial domain may also be dynamically changed, and the preferred (or optimal) antenna mode may be different according to the different locations and possible changes of the environmental status of the spatial domain, so the embodiment of the present invention sets up a mechanism for re-selecting the preferred antenna mode. In the embodiment, initially, the test mode is executed, the application unit 14 uses the dual antennas 12 to receive signals from a wireless signal source (e.g. a wireless access device) as field test signals (Fn) to execute the field test mode at the test position, and obtains the field test Throughput (TF) and the field test physical layer data rate (PF) of the field test mode, and the application unit 14 stores the relation ratio of the field test Throughput (TF) and the field test physical layer data rate (PF), i.e. TF/PF, as the basic data for the subsequent normal operation (or referred to as the working mode). Then, after the field test mode is finished, the mobile terminal device continues normal operation, the application unit 14 switches to the working mode, the application unit 14 receives a wireless signal from a wireless signal source (e.g. a wireless access point) by using the dual antennas 12 to execute the working mode at the test position, and obtains a working mode Throughput (TW) of the working mode and a working mode physical layer data rate (PW), and the application unit 14 multiplies the working mode physical layer data rate (PW) by the relation ratio (TF/PF) to obtain a Target Throughput (TT). The Target Throughput (TT) is an upper limit value of the expected throughput obtained in the field test mode, and can be formulated as: TT ═ PW × TF/PF. The application unit 14 monitors whether the operating mode Throughput (TW) is below the Target Throughput (TT) and does not need to pick a preferred antenna mode again when the operating mode Throughput (TW) is above or equal to the Target Throughput (TT). When the operating mode Throughput (TW) is below the Target Throughput (TT), the application unit 14 reselects the preferred antenna mode.
Further, when the operating mode Throughput (TW) is lower than the Target Throughput (TT), there are two different determination mechanisms depending on the degree of difference between the operating mode Throughput (TW) and the Target Throughput (TT). When the working mode Throughput (TW) is lower than the Target Throughput (TT) and the difference between the working mode Throughput (TW) and the Target Throughput (TT) is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (Δ), which indicates that more adjustment is needed, the application unit 14 changes the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) selected by the wireless chip 11, and selects the antenna mode corresponding to the highest physical layer data rate in the mode sampling information as the updated preferred antenna mode based on the changed Modulation and Coding Scheme. When the working mode Throughput (TW) is lower than the Target Throughput (TT) and the difference between the working mode Throughput (TW) and the Target Throughput (TT) is smaller than the preset value (Δ), the application unit 14 reselects the preferred antenna mode according to the Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI) and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the dual number of antennas 12 obtained by the wireless chip 11, for example, selects the antenna mode having the smallest difference amplitude of the received signal strength indicators of all the antennas 12 as the preferred antenna mode or selects the antenna mode having the largest signal-to-noise ratio as the preferred antenna mode. For the details of the mode sampling information, for example, the field test Throughput (TF) and the field test physical layer data rate (PF) may be stored in association with the reception status parameter values (such as the received signal strength indicator, the signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) of the dual antennas 12. In practice, for example, a Look-Up Table (LUT) may be stored, each entry of the LUT including values of the status parameters of the antenna 12 for TF, PF (and TF/PF) and corresponding received signal strength indication, signal-to-noise ratio, etc. Furthermore, the derived field test Throughput (TF), field test physical layer data rate (PF), and relationship ratio (TF/PF) can also be computed by interpolation or extrapolation based on known pattern sampling information.
Furthermore, in another embodiment, the application unit 14 may also include a status monitor, wherein after the application unit 14 selects the preferred antenna mode, the status monitor determines whether the physical layer data rate (belonging to the working mode physical layer data rate (PW)) of the preferred antenna mode becomes smaller and the smaller amplitude exceeds a noise range, and when the smaller amplitude of the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode exceeds the noise range, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode.
Referring to fig. 2, a flow chart of a main algorithm of the 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial domains according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the main algorithm includes the following steps. First, in step S110, the application unit 14 switches the dual antenna modes by using the control unit 13 to obtain the phy data rate corresponding to each antenna mode. Wherein each antenna 12 has a dual number of operating modes, and the dual number of operating modes of the dual number of antennas 12 form a dual number of antenna modes. The application unit 14 uses the dual antennas 12 to receive a field test signal (e.g. a segment of high resolution video information for testing) from the external device 9 (refer to fig. 1) to execute the field test mode, and obtains a field test Throughput (TF) and a field test physical layer data rate (PF) of the field test mode, and the application unit 14 stores a relation ratio of the field test Throughput (TF) and the field test physical layer data rate (PF), i.e. TF/PF. Before describing step S120, it is explained that the following steps S120 to S150 can be referred to as an operation mode, and in the following step S130, the application unit 14 obtains an operation mode Throughput (TW) of the operation mode and an operation mode physical layer data rate (PW), and the application unit 14 multiplies the operation mode physical layer data rate (PW) and the relation ratio (TF/PF) to obtain a Target Throughput (TT). The Target Throughput (TT) is an upper limit value of the expected throughput obtained in the field test mode, and can be formulated as: TT ═ PW × TF/PF.
After step S110, proceed to step S120, the neural network training unit 15 determines whether there is any one of the preferred physical layer data rate of the double physical layer data rates of the double antenna patterns according to the pattern training information. Step S130 is performed when none of the double physical layer data rates of the double antenna patterns matches the preferred physical layer data rate of the pattern training information, and step S130 is also performed when the pattern training information is not initially established. In step S130, a plurality of phy data rates corresponding to the plurality of antenna modes are stored as mode sampling information, and an antenna mode corresponding to the highest phy data rate among the plurality of phy data rates is selected as a preferred antenna mode according to the mode sampling information, wherein the phy data rate of the preferred antenna mode is the preferred phy data rate. In detail, for the details of the above mode sampling information, for example, the field test Throughput (TF) and the field test physical layer data rate (PF) may be stored together with the reception status parameter values (such as the received signal strength indication, the signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) of the dual antennas 12. In practice, for example, a Look-Up Table (LUT) may be stored, each entry of the LUT including values of the status parameters of the antenna 12 for TF, PF (and TF/PF) and corresponding received signal strength indication, signal-to-noise ratio, etc. The application unit 24 also determines whether the operating mode Throughput (TW) is below the Target Throughput (TT), and does not need to pick the preferred antenna mode again when the operating mode Throughput (TW) is above or equal to the Target Throughput (TT). When the operating mode Throughput (TW) is below the Target Throughput (TT), the application unit 14 reselects the preferred antenna mode.
The step S130 can be divided into several sub-steps: step 131, determining whether there is a preferred antenna mode, if the preferred antenna mode has not been selected, performing step S132 to select the antenna mode corresponding to the highest of the two physical layer data rates as the preferred antenna mode, and then performing step S133; if the preferred antenna mode is available, the process proceeds directly to step S133 to determine whether the operation mode Throughput (TW) is lower than the Target Throughput (TT). When the operating mode Throughput (TW) is higher than or equal to the Target Throughput (TT), it directly jumps to step S140. When the operation mode Throughput (TW) is lower than the Target Throughput (TT), the determination of step S134 is performed, and a difference between the operation mode Throughput (TW) and the Target Throughput (TT) is determined. When the difference between the working mode Throughput (TW) and the Target Throughput (TT) is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (Δ), step S135 is performed, the application unit 14 changes the modulation and coding scheme selected by the wireless chip 11, and selects the antenna mode corresponding to the highest physical layer data rate from the mode sampling information as the updated preferred antenna mode based on the changed modulation and coding scheme. When the difference between the operating mode Throughput (TW) and the Target Throughput (TT) is smaller than the predetermined value (Δ), step S136 is performed, and the application unit 14 reselects the preferred antenna mode according to the received signal strength indication and the signal-to-noise ratio of the dual antennas 12 obtained by the wireless chip 11. The manner for the application unit 14 to reselect the preferred antenna mode according to the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the dual antennas 12 obtained by the wireless chip 11 is, for example: the difference value of the received signal strength indications of each antenna 12 is determined in each antenna mode, and the antenna mode with the smallest difference value is selected as the updated preferred antenna mode. For another example, the snr of each antenna 21 is determined for each antenna pattern, and the antenna pattern having the largest average snr of all antennas 21 is selected as the updated preferred antenna pattern. After step S135 or step S136, step S140 is performed.
In step S140, the neural network training unit 15 stores the preferred antenna pattern and the corresponding preferred phy data rate as pattern training information, and then returns to step S120. On the other hand, in step S120, when there is any one of the preferred physical layer data rates of the dual antenna modes according to the mode training information, step S150 is performed, and the neural network training unit 15 determines the switching of the dual antenna modes according to the mode training information instead of the application unit 14, so as to shorten the determination time for selecting the preferred antenna mode. After step S150, the process returns to step S120.
Furthermore, in addition to some antenna control details for step S110, the way in which the mobile terminal device changes the even operation modes of the even antennas 12 in order to switch the even antenna modes provides two ways in this embodiment, the way of controlling the reflection unit of each antenna 12 belongs to one control way, and the way of controlling the ground current control unit of the antenna 12 belongs to another control way. Regarding the way of controlling the reflection unit of the antenna 12 of fig. 1, taking the antenna 2 of fig. 3 and its reflection unit structure as an example, the reflection unit is, for example, a half-wavelength reflector, and the antenna 2 is, for example, a half-wavelength dipole antenna, in the way of controlling the reflection unit of the antenna 2, it is preferable that at least one or more than two of the reflection units 21 of the antenna 2 are present, for example, one half-wavelength reflector 211 of fig. 3 is on the left side and the other half-wavelength reflector 212 is on the right side, so as to generate even-numbered radiation states of the antenna 2. The control mode of the embodiment of fig. 3 includes: for the half-wavelength reflector 211 on the left side, the diode 211a is selected to conduct the half-wavelength reflector 211 so that the half-wavelength reflector 211 performs a half-wavelength reflection function. Alternatively, the diode 211a is selected to be turned off, and the extension circuit 211b extends the path of the half-wavelength reflector 211 by the capacitor 211c, so that the half-wavelength reflector 211 does not generate the half-wavelength reflection function. For the half-wavelength reflector 212 on the right side, a diode 212a is selected to conduct the half-wavelength reflector 212 so that the half-wavelength reflector 212 performs a half-wavelength reflection function. Alternatively, the diode 212a is selected to be non-conductive and the extension loop 212b extends the path of the half-wavelength reflector 212 using the capacitor 212c, so that the half-wavelength reflector 212 does not generate the half-wavelength reflection function.
In another embodiment, the manner of controlling the reflection unit of the antenna 12 of fig. 1 is exemplified by the antenna with eight modes shown in fig. 4 and 5. The antenna with eight modes includes a ground plane 31, an omnidirectional antenna unit 32, a first parasitic element 331, a second parasitic element 332, a third parasitic element 333 and a fourth parasitic element 334. The omnidirectional antenna unit 32 is erected on the ground plane 31 for exciting an omnidirectional radiation pattern, and the feeding is disposed between the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 and the ground plane 31. The first parasitic element 331 stands on the first opening region 311 of the ground plane 31, the first opening region 311 is provided with a first diode D1 and a first capacitor C1, the first parasitic element 331 is connected to the ground plane 31 through the first capacitor C1, and the first parasitic element 331 connects the ground plane 31 through the conducted first diode D1 to shorten the ground path. The second parasitic element 332 is erected on the second opening region 312 of the ground plane 31, the second opening region 312 is provided with a second diode D2 and a second capacitor C2, the second parasitic element 332 is connected to the ground plane 31 through the second capacitor C2, and the second parasitic element 332 turns on the ground plane 31 through the turned-on second diode D2 to shorten the ground path. The third parasitic element 333 is erected on the third opening region 313 of the ground plane 31, the third opening region 313 is provided with a third diode D3 and a third capacitor C3, the third parasitic element 333 is connected to the ground plane 31 through the third capacitor C3, and the third parasitic element 333 turns on the ground plane 31 through the turned-on third diode D3 to shorten the ground path. The fourth parasitic element 334 stands on the fourth aperture region 314 of the ground plane 31, the fourth aperture region 314 is provided with a fourth diode D4 and a fourth capacitor C4, the fourth parasitic element 334 is connected to the ground plane 31 through the fourth capacitor C4, and the fourth parasitic element 334 turns on the ground plane 31 through the turned-on fourth diode D4 to shorten the ground path. The first parasitic element 331, the second parasitic element 332, the third parasitic element 333, and the fourth parasitic element 334 are symmetrically erected around the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 with the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 as the center. Preferably, the ground plane 31 is disposed on the microwave substrate 300, and the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are disposed on the surface of the microwave substrate 300. The omnidirectional antenna element 32 is, for example, a monopole antenna perpendicular to the ground plane 31. In addition, in order to achieve symmetry of radiation patterns of the respective modes, the first parasitic element 331, the second parasitic element 332, the third parasitic element 333, and the fourth parasitic element 334 are all straight metal strips perpendicular to the ground plane 31, and the lengths thereof are slightly shorter than one half of the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the omnidirectional antenna unit 32, and the first parasitic element 331, the second parasitic element 332, the third parasitic element 333, and the fourth parasitic element 334 are each spaced apart from the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 by a distance of about one tenth of the wavelength (0.1 times of the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the omnidirectional antenna unit 32), but the present invention is not limited thereto.
With reference to fig. 4 and 5, for the radiation pattern control, when the first diode D1 connected to the first parasitic element 331 is turned on, the first parasitic element 331 becomes a director (director), and when the first diode D1 is turned off, the first parasitic element 331 becomes a reflector (reflector). When the second diode D2 connected to the second parasitic element 332 is conducting, the second parasitic element 332 can be a director, and when the second diode D2 is not conducting, the second parasitic element 332 can be a reflector. When the third diode D3 connected to the third parasitic element 333 is conducting, the third parasitic element 333 can be a director, and when the third diode D3 is not conducting, the third parasitic element 333 can be a reflector. When the fourth diode D4 connected to the fourth parasitic element 334 is turned on, the fourth parasitic element 334 is made to be a director, and when the fourth diode D4 is turned off, the fourth parasitic element 334 is made to be a reflector. The first parasitic element 331, the second parasitic element 332, the third parasitic element 333, and the fourth parasitic element 334 may be replaced by other shapes or structures as long as the switching between the reflector and the director can be realized. Preferably, the first diode D1 is closer to the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 than the first capacitor C1, the second diode D2 is closer to the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 than the second capacitor C2, the third diode D3 is closer to the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 than the third capacitor C3, and the fourth diode D4 is closer to the omnidirectional antenna unit 32 than the fourth capacitor C4, so as to enhance the above-mentioned switching effect.
For an exemplary embodiment of controlling the ground current control unit, taking the dual antennas 12 of fig. 1 as an example, please refer to fig. 6, the first antenna 41 and the second antenna 42 are in a set of two, the ground current control unit 211 and the ground current control unit 221 are used to connect to the ground G, the first antenna 41 and the second antenna 42 are exemplified by an inverted F-shaped flat antenna (PIFA), in a manner of controlling the ground current control unit 411 of the first antenna 41, the ground current control unit 411 of the first antenna 41 preferably needs to have at least one or more than two components, such as one ground current portion 411a and another ground current portion 411b of fig. 6, to generate radiation states of the dual first antennas 41 by changing the ground current close to the first antenna 41. The control method of the embodiment of fig. 6 includes: as for the ground current part 411a, the switch 412a is selected to conduct the ground current part 411a to the ground G, or the switch 412a is selected not to be conducted and the ground capacitor 413a is connected between the ground current part 411a and the ground G, and the ground current part 411a in fig. 6 uses not only the ground capacitor 413a but also the ground capacitor 413b to be connected to the ground G. In addition, the ground current portion 411b is selectively turned on by the switch 412b to the ground G, or the switch 412b is selectively turned off and the ground capacitor 413b is connected between the ground current portion 411b and the ground G. With continued reference to fig. 6, for the second antenna 42, the ground current control unit 421 preferably needs to have at least one or more than two components, such as one ground current portion 421a and another ground current portion 421b of fig. 6, to generate even-numbered radiation states of the second antenna 42 by changing the ground current close to the second antenna 42. Similar to the control method of the ground current control unit 411, the control method of controlling the ground current control unit 421 includes: the ground current portion 421a in fig. 6 is selected to conduct the ground current portion 421a to the ground G with the switch 422a, or is selected to not conduct the switch 422a and connect the ground capacitor 423a between the ground current portion 421a and the ground G, and not only the ground capacitor 423a but also the ground capacitor 423b is used to connect to the ground G. Further, the switch 422b is selected to conduct the ground current portion 421b to the ground G, or the switch 422b is selected to be not conducted and the ground capacitor 423b is connected between the ground current portion 421b and the ground G. The switches 212a, 212b, 222a, 222b are implemented by diodes, for example, but not limited thereto.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a 5G smart antenna module adapted to multiple spatial domains, which not only significantly benefits long-term average speed and stability improvement of wireless transmission data rate by updating an optimal antenna mode, but also shortens the time for selecting the optimal antenna mode by using a neural network training approach, and has a high industrial application value. And for the mode of changing the working state of the receiving antenna, the radiation state control of the receiving antenna can be controlled by utilizing a reflector or grounding current, and the purpose of realizing the efficiency of the controllable multi-antenna is achieved.
Claims (9)
1. A5G smart antenna module that adapts to multiple spatial domains, comprising:
a wireless chip;
the double antennas are connected with the wireless chip, each antenna is provided with double working state patterns, and the working state patterns of the antennas form double antenna modes;
the control unit is connected with the antenna and used for controlling the antenna mode;
an application unit, connected to the wireless chip and the control unit, for switching the antenna modes by using the control unit, obtaining physical layer data rates corresponding to each of the antenna modes, storing the physical layer data rates corresponding to the antenna modes as mode sampling information, and selecting the antenna mode corresponding to the highest one of the physical layer data rates as a preferred antenna mode according to the mode sampling information, wherein the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode is a preferred physical layer data rate; the application unit receives a field test signal from the wireless device by using the antenna to execute a field test mode at a test position and obtains field test throughput and field test physical layer data rate of the field test mode, and the application unit stores a relation ratio of the field test throughput and the field test physical layer data rate; wherein, the application unit receives the remote signal from the wireless device by using the antenna to execute the working mode at the testing position and obtains the working mode throughput and the working mode physical layer data rate of the working mode, and the application unit multiplies the working mode physical layer data rate by the relation ratio to obtain the target throughput; wherein the application unit monitors whether the operating mode throughput is lower than the target throughput, and when the operating mode throughput is lower than the target throughput, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode; and
the neural network training unit is connected with the application unit and stores the preferred antenna pattern and the corresponding preferred physical layer data rate as pattern training information; the neural network training unit judges whether any physical layer data rate of the antenna pattern meets the optimal physical layer data rate of the pattern training information, and when any physical layer data rate of the antenna pattern meets the optimal physical layer data rate of the pattern training information, the neural network training unit replaces the application unit to determine the switching of the antenna pattern according to the pattern training information so as to shorten the judgment time for selecting the optimal antenna pattern.
2. The multi-space-field-domain-adaptive 5G smart antenna module as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the working mode throughput is lower than the target throughput and the difference between the working mode throughput and the target throughput is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the application unit changes the modulation and coding scheme selected by the wireless chip, and selects the antenna mode corresponding to the highest physical layer data rate from the mode sampling information as the updated preferred antenna mode based on the changed modulation and coding scheme.
3. The multi-space field 5G smart antenna module as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the working mode throughput is lower than the target throughput and the difference between the working mode throughput and the target throughput is smaller than a predetermined value, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode according to the received signal strength indication and the signal-to-noise ratio of the antenna obtained by the wireless chip.
4. The multi-space field 5G smart antenna module as recited in claim 1, wherein the multi-space field 5G smart antenna module is installed in a mobile terminal device, and wherein in the field test mode, the application unit performs a full load test.
5. The multi-spatial-field-adaptive 5G smart antenna module according to claim 1, wherein the application unit comprises a status monitor, wherein after the application unit selects the preferred antenna mode, the status monitor determines whether the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode is decreased and the decreased amplitude exceeds a noise range, and when the decreased amplitude of the physical layer data rate of the preferred antenna mode exceeds the noise range, the application unit reselects the preferred antenna mode.
6. The multi-spatial-field-adaptive 5G smart antenna module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-spatial-field-adaptive 5G smart antenna module is installed in a mobile terminal device, and the mobile terminal device is a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, an all-in-one computer or a smart television.
7. The multi-space field 5G smart antenna module as claimed in claim 6, wherein each of the antennas has at least one reflection unit or at least one ground current control unit, and the mobile terminal device changes the operation state of the antenna by controlling the reflection unit or the ground current control unit of each of the antennas; wherein the manner of controlling the reflection unit includes: selecting a diode to conduct a half-wavelength reflector, or selecting a diode not to conduct and to make an extension loop extend a path of the half-wavelength reflector by using a capacitor; wherein the manner of controlling the ground current control unit comprises: and selecting to conduct the ground current part to the ground through a switch, or selecting not to conduct the switch and connecting a ground capacitor between the ground current part and the ground.
8. The multi-spatial-field-adaptive 5G smart antenna module according to claim 1, wherein each of the antennas comprises:
an omnidirectional antenna unit erected on the ground plane for exciting an omnidirectional radiation pattern;
the first parasitic element is erected in a first opening area of the ground plane, the first opening area is provided with a first diode and a first capacitor, the first parasitic element is connected with the ground plane through the first capacitor, and the first parasitic element is conducted with the ground plane through the conducted first diode to shorten a ground path;
a second parasitic element standing on a second opening region of the ground plane, the second opening region having a second diode and a second capacitor, the second parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the second capacitor, and the second parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the second diode to shorten a ground path;
a third parasitic element standing on a third opening region of the ground plane, the third opening region being provided with a third diode and a third capacitor, the third parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the third capacitor, and the third parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the third diode to shorten a ground path; and
a fourth parasitic element erected on a fourth aperture region of the ground plane, the fourth aperture region being provided with a fourth diode and a fourth capacitor, the fourth parasitic element being connected to the ground plane through the fourth capacitor, and the fourth parasitic element conducting the ground plane through the conducted fourth diode to shorten a ground path;
wherein the first parasitic element, the second parasitic element, the third parasitic element and the fourth parasitic element are symmetrically erected around the omnidirectional antenna unit by taking the omnidirectional antenna unit as a center;
wherein, the conducting states of the first diode, the second diode, the third diode and the fourth diode are used to control eight modes.
9. The multi-spatial-field-domain-adaptive 5G smart antenna module according to claim 1, wherein the antenna operates in a 3.5GHz band or a 6GHz band of a fifth generation mobile communication network system.
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