CN110735830A - Low-resistance low-noise device and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamics, in particular to low-resistance low-noise devices and a motor vehicle, wherein the front end of an outer shell of the low-resistance low-noise device is provided with a th outer shell opening, an inner shell is at least partially arranged inside the outer shell, the front end of an inner shell of the inner shell is close to a th outer shell opening, a main channel is formed between the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell, the cross section area of the main channel close to the front end of the outer shell is not smaller than that close to the rear end of the outer shell along the axial direction of the outer shell, and at least surfaces of the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell are provided with corrugated parts extending to the end surfaces of the main channel along the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell.

Description

Low-resistance low-noise device and motor vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aerodynamics, in particular to low-resistance and low-noise devices and a motor vehicle.

Background

At , the speed at which a motor vehicle travels can vary from ten miles per hour to over four hundred miles per hour.

A considerable portion of the drag applied to a motor vehicle during travel is typically the exterior side view mirror that protrudes from the vehicle cabin 1-1 and 1-2 each show the general shape of the exterior side view mirror.

In addition to drag, another product of the travel of a motor vehicle through a fluid such as air is noise, most of the noise generated during travel that is heard by the operator when operating the motor vehicle is not from the engine.

Drag and noise are a direct result of the flow conditions caused by the shape of the exterior side view mirror. For example, flow conditions such as high turbulence pressure fluctuations and vortex shedding can create drag, noise as the mobile vehicle travels through the fluid, and low floor pressure downstream of the flat rear surface of the mirror. In addition, these flow conditions can result in a condition known as underflow. An example of how vortex shedding can be caused using a common exterior side mirror can be seen in fig. 1-3, which show the side mirror traveling through air, shown as streamlines traveling around the side mirror; as shown, the flow condition is the result of the side view mirror having a streamlined front surface and abruptly ending with a flat back (e.g., mirror). These conditions can also be caused behind a flat or substantially flat surface of the motor vehicle, such as the rear end of the motor vehicle.

Therefore, the present application addresses the above-mentioned problems by providing novel low drag, low noise devices and motor vehicles to reduce noise and drag.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-resistance and low-noise device and a motor vehicle, so as to reduce noise and resistance.

Based on the above purpose, the low resistance and low noise device provided by the invention comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and a connecting piece; the outer shell and the inner shell are connected through the connecting piece;

the shell body is provided with a shell front end and a shell rear end corresponding to the shell front end along the axis direction of the shell body, wherein the shell front end is provided with an -th shell opening, and the shell rear end is provided with a second shell opening corresponding to the -th shell opening;

the inner shell is at least partially arranged inside the outer shell, and the front end of the inner shell is close to the th outer shell opening;

a main passage is formed between the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell, so that the airflow flows from the th shell opening to the second shell opening through the main passage;

at least of the inner surface of the outer housing and the outer surface of the inner housing in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer housing are provided with corrugations extending to the end faces of the surfaces.

Optionally, the curve of the corrugations arranged on at least surfaces of the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell passing through the origin is Y ═ h + A · sin (nx + α), wherein the origin is any point on the curve determined arbitrarily relative to ;

wherein x is the circumferential distance between a unit point on the curve and an origin;

y is the distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the curve and the origin;

h is the average height of the curve to the axis of the outer shell;

a is the ripple amplitude of the curve on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell;

n is the wave number of the curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line;

α is the phase angle of the origin.

Alternatively,the inner surface of the outer shell is provided with a corrugated part close to the front end of the outer shell, correspondingly, the origin comprises an th origin, the curve comprises a th curve passing through the th origin, and the th curve is Y₁＝h₁+A₁·sin(n₁x₁+α₁) (ii) a In the formula, x₁Is the circumferential distance between the unit point on the th curve and the th origin point₁The distance between the unit point on the th curve and the th origin point is h₁Is the average height of the th curve to the axis of the outer shell, A₁The amplitude of the corrugation of the th curve along the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is n₁The wave number of the th curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line, α₁Phase angle at origin ;

the internal surface of shell body is close to the shell rear end is provided with the ripple portion, and is corresponding, and the initial point includes the second initial point, and the curve includes the second curve through the second initial point, the second curve is: y is₂＝h₂+A₂·sin(n₂x₂+α₂) (ii) a In the formula, x₂The circumferential distance between the unit point on the second curve and the second origin is set; y is₂The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the second curve and the second origin is shown; h is₂Is the average height of the second curve to the axis of the outer shell; a. the₂The amplitude of the corrugation on the surface of the second curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is obtained; n is₂Wave number of the second curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₂A phase angle that is a second origin;

the surface of interior casing is close to the inner shell front end is provided with the ripple portion, and is corresponding, and the initial point includes the third initial point, and the curve includes the third curve through the third initial point, the third curve is: y is₃＝h₃+A₃·sin(n₃x₃+α₃) (ii) a In the formula, x₃The circumferential distance between a unit point on the third curve and a third origin is set; y is₃Is the perpendicular of the unit point on the third curve and the third originA circumferential distance; h is₃Is the average height of the third curve to the axis of the outer shell; a. the₃The amplitude of the ripple on the surface of the third curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is measured; n is₃Wave number of the third curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₃A phase angle at a third origin;

the surface of interior casing is close to the inner shell rear end is provided with the ripple portion, and is corresponding, and the initial point includes the fourth initial point, and the curve includes the fourth curve through the fourth initial point, the fourth curve is: y is₄＝h₄+A₄·sin(n₄x₄+α₄) (ii) a In the formula, x₄The circumferential distance between a unit point on the fourth curve and a fourth origin is set; y is₄The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the fourth curve and the fourth origin is shown; h is₄Is the average height of the fourth curve to the axis of the outer shell; a. the₄The amplitude of the corrugation on the surface of the fourth curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is obtained; n is₄Wave number of the fourth curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₄Is the phase angle of the fourth origin.

Optionally, the origin, the second origin, the third origin, and the fourth origin are collinear.

Optionally, in the axial direction of the outer housing, the length L of the main channel: l is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 50% of H; h is the maximum size of the rear end of the inner shell along the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell;

the length S of the th curve in the axial direction of the outer shell₁：0≤S₁≤80％L；

The length S of the second curve in the axial direction of the outer shell₂：0≤S₂L is less than or equal to 80 percent; wherein S is₁+S₂≤L；

The length S of the third curve in the axial direction of the outer shell₃：0≤S₃≤80％L；

A length S of the fourth curve in an axial direction of the outer case₄：0≤S₄L is less than or equal to 80 percent; wherein S is₃+S₄≤L。

Optionally, the distance between the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell along a section plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is b;

amplitude A of corrugation of the th curve in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell₁The relationship with b is: a. the₁＝c₁β₁×b；

The second curve has a corrugation amplitude A in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell₂The relationship with b is: a. the₂＝c₂β₂×b；

The amplitude A of the corrugation of the third curve in the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell₃The relationship with b is: a. the₃＝c₃β₃×b；

The amplitude A of the corrugation of the fourth curve in the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell₄The relationship with b is: a. the₄＝c₄β₄×b；

In the formula, c₁、c₂、c₃And c₄Is a constant coefficient, and c is more than or equal to 0₁≤100％，0≤c₂≤100％，0≤c₃≤100％，0≤c₄≤100％；

β₁、β₂、β₃And β₄Is an incremental coefficient; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

0≤β₁less than or equal to 1, and β₁Is z₁A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₁Is the distance between the intercept plane and the front end of the housing, and z₁≤S₁；

0≤β₂Less than or equal to 1, and β₂Is z₂A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₂Is the distance between the intercept plane and the rear end of the housing, and z₂≤S₂；

0≤β₃Less than or equal to 1, and β₃Is z₃A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₃Is the distance between the cutting plane and the front end of the inner shell, and z₃≤S₃；

0≤β₄Less than or equal to 1, and β₄Is z₄A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₄Is the distance between the intercept plane and the rear end of the inner shell, and z₄≤S₄。

Optionally, the decreasing function β (z): β (z) ═ kz or

In the formula, k is a coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 0;

wherein z is z₁、z₂、z₃Or z₄β correspondingly is β₁、β₂、β₃Or β₄S is S₁、S₂、S₃Or S₄。

Optionally, the low resistance, low noise device is an exterior side view mirror;

the rear end of the inner shell is fixedly connected with a side-view mirror surface, airflow flows from the th outer shell opening to the second outer shell opening along the axial direction of the outer shell, tail edges formed by jet flows are formed at the downstream of the side-view mirror surface, so that vortex shedding is eliminated or weakened at the tail edges, and resistance and noise are reduced;

or the rear end of the inner shell is fixedly connected with a side-view mirror surface, the inner shell is provided with an inner shell flow pipeline penetrating through the front end of the inner shell and the rear end of the inner shell, the inner shell flow pipeline penetrates through the side-view mirror surface, airflow flows to the second outer shell opening from the th outer shell opening along the axial direction of the outer shell, and tail edges formed by jet flows are formed at the downstream of the side-view mirror surface, so that vortex shedding is eliminated or reduced at the tail edges, and resistance and noise are reduced.

Optionally, the low drag, low noise device is attached at the tail of the vehicle and/or at the tail of the nose of the vehicle;

the inner hull is attached to the tail or portions of the tail form at least portions of the inner hull;

the rear end of the outer shell and the rear end of the inner shell protrude out of the tail part, or the rear ends of the outer shell and the inner shell are flush with the tail part.

In view of the above object, the present invention provides a motor vehicle comprising the low-drag low-noise apparatus.

The invention provides a low-resistance low-noise device and a motor vehicle, wherein a main channel is formed between the inner surface of an outer shell and the outer surface of an inner shell, the cross-sectional area of the main channel close to the front end of the outer shell along the axial direction of the outer shell is not less than that of the main channel close to the rear end of the outer shell, so that the main channel is gradually reduced from a outer shell opening to a second outer shell opening, contraction channels or similar contraction channels are formed, airflow can be accelerated through the channel, tail edges formed by jet flows are formed at the downstream of the rear end of the inner shell, the stable virtual tail edges can prevent or weaken vortex shedding and improve the downstream pressure at the rear end of the inner shell so as to reduce noise and reduce resistance, at least surfaces of the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell are provided with corrugated parts extending to the end surfaces of the outer shell, the main channel is optimized by , and the main channel is optimized by so that the downstream pressure at the.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

1-1 is a top view of a portion of a prior art motor vehicle with an attached exterior side view mirror;

1-2 are side views of a portion of a prior art motor vehicle with an attached exterior side view mirror;

1-3 are side views of a prior art automotive vehicle exterior side view mirror subjected to a flow field, illustrating streamlines of the flow field, showing how the automotive vehicle exterior side view mirror causes vortex shedding;

FIG. 2-1 is a front perspective view of a low drag, low noise apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2-2 is a front view of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 2-1;

2-3 are side views of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 2-1;

2-4 are rear views of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 2-1;

2-5 are wire frame front perspective views of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 2-1;

2-6 are cross-sectional views A-A of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIGS. 2-2;

FIGS. 2-7 are schematic illustrations of the low drag, low noise apparatus of FIGS. 2-6 subjected to a flow field;

2-8 are cross-sectional views B-B of the low drag low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 2-2;

FIG. 3-1 is a front perspective view of another low drag, low noise device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3-2 is a front view of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 3-1;

FIG. 3-3 is a rear view of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 3-1;

FIG. 3-4 is a wireframe front perspective view of the low drag, low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 3-1;

FIG. 4-1 is a front perspective view of another low drag, low noise device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4-2 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of the low drag low noise apparatus shown in FIG. 4-1;

FIG. 5-1 is a perspective view of a motor vehicle with a low drag, low noise device attached provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5-2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the low drag, low noise apparatus of FIG. 5-1 taken along the length of the motor vehicle;

FIG. 5-2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the low drag, low noise apparatus of FIG. 5-1 taken along the length of the motor vehicle;

FIG. 5-3 is a modified view of the partial cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 5-2;

fig. 5-4 is another variation of the partial cross-sectional view shown in fig. 5-2;

FIG. 6-1 is a perspective view of another motor vehicle having a low drag, low noise device attached thereto, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6-2 is a perspective view of another motor vehicle having a low drag, low noise device attached thereto, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

The figure shows 100-low resistance low noise device, 110-outer shell, 111-outer shell front end, 112-outer shell rear end, 113- th outer shell opening, 114-second outer shell opening, 120-inner shell, 121-inner shell front end, 122-inner shell rear end, 130-connecting piece, 140-main channel, 150-inner shell flow channel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are partial embodiments, but not all embodiments .

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are used to mean, for example, either fixedly or removably connected or physically connected, mechanically or electrically connected, directly or indirectly connected through an intermediary, or communicating between two elements.

Examples

The present example provides low drag, low noise devices that can be attached to any suitable object using any suitable attachment method, and one can select a suitable low drag, low noise device for attachment to an object and a suitable attachment method according to a particular embodiment based on various considerations such as the material from which the object is formed.

The arrows shown in fig. 2-6 through 2-8, 4-2, 5-3, and 5-4 are the direction of airflow.

Referring to fig. 2-1 to 6-2, the low resistance and low noise apparatus provided in the present embodiment includes an outer housing 110, an inner housing 120, and a connecting member 130; the outer housing 110 and the inner housing 120 are connected by a connection member 130.

The outer shell 110 has a front end 111 and a rear end 112 in the axial direction, the front end 111 being provided with an -th shell opening 113, and the rear end 112 being provided with a second shell opening 114 corresponding to the -th shell opening 113.

The inner shell 120 is provided with an inner shell front end 121 and an inner shell rear end 122 corresponding to the inner shell front end 121, the inner shell 120 is at least partially arranged inside the outer shell 110, the inner shell front end 121 of the inner shell 120 is close to the th outer shell opening 113 of the outer shell 110, optionally, the inner shell front end 121 of the inner shell 120 is positioned inside the th outer shell opening 113 of the outer shell 110, optionally, the inner shell front end 121 of the inner shell 120 extends out of the th outer shell opening 113 of the outer shell 110, optionally, the inner shell 120 is provided with the inner shell front end 121 and the inner shell rear end 122 along the axis direction of the inner shell 120, and optionally, the axis of the outer shell 110 is coincident.

A main passage 140 is formed between the inner surface of the outer casing 110 and the outer surface of the inner casing 120, so that the air flow flows from the th casing opening 113 of the outer casing 110 to the second casing opening 114 of the outer casing 110 through the main passage 140, so that the air flow flows from the casing front end 111 of the outer casing 110 to the casing rear end 112 of the outer casing 110 through the main passage 140, optionally, the cross-sectional area of the main passage 140 near the casing front end 111 is not smaller than the cross-sectional area near the casing rear end 112 in the axial direction of the outer casing 110, and optionally, the cross-sectional area of the main passage 140 is tapered from the th casing opening 113 to the second casing opening 114.

At least of the inner surface of the outer housing 110 and the outer surface of the inner housing 120 are provided with corrugations extending to the end face of the surface in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer housing 110. the corrugations are, for example, a plurality of protrusions and grooves formed by adjacent protrusions, the protrusions and grooves extending in the axial direction of the outer housing 110 and extending to the end face of the surface in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer housing 110. optionally, at least of the inner surface of the outer housing 110 and the outer surface of the inner housing 120 are provided with corrugations extending in the axial direction of the outer housing 110 to the end face of the surface in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer housing 110. optionally, the inner surface of the outer housing 110 is provided with corrugations, optionally, the outer surface of the inner housing 120 is provided with corrugations, optionally, the inner surface of the outer housing 110 and the outer surface of the inner housing 120 are each provided with corrugations.

The low resistance low noise apparatus of this embodiment forms a main passage 140 between the inner surface of the outer casing 110 and the outer surface of the inner casing 120, and the cross-sectional area of the main passage 140 in the axial direction of the outer casing 110 near the outer casing front end 111 is not smaller than the cross-sectional area near the outer casing rear end 112, so that the main passage 140 gradually decreases from the outer casing opening 113 to the second outer casing opening 114, forming constricted passages or the like, through which the air flow is accelerated and trailing edges made of jets are formed downstream of the inner casing rear end 122 of the inner casing 120, such smooth virtual trailing edges preventing or reducing vortex shedding and increasing the pressure downstream of the inner casing rear end 122, so as to reduce noise and reduce resistance, and at least surfaces among the inner surface of the outer casing 110 and the outer surface of the inner casing 120 are provided with corrugations extending to the end surfaces thereof, so as to further optimize the main passage 140, so as to further preventing or reducing vortex shedding and increasing the pressure downstream of the inner casing rear end 122, so as to reduce noise and reduce resistance.

In an alternative embodiment, the curve of the inner surface of the outer housing 110 and the outer surface of the inner housing 120, where at least of the surfaces are provided with corrugations passing through the origin, is Y ═ h + a · sin (nx + α), where the origin is any point on a curve arbitrarily determined with respect to , and the curve according to this formula allows the main passage 140 to prevent or reduce vortex shedding and increase the pressure downstream of the inner housing rear end 122 in a specific environment to reduce noise and reduce drag.

In the formula, x is the circumferential distance between a unit point on the curve and an original point;

y is the distance between the unit point on the curve and the origin and is perpendicular to the circumferential direction;

h is the average height of the curve to the axis of the outer shell 110; it can also be understood as a distance that a curve passing through the cell points is offset from the axis of the outer shell 110 in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell 110.

A is the ripple amplitude of the curve on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110; alternatively, a is greater than or equal to 0.

n is the wave number of the curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line; alternatively, n is a natural number, such as 1 ≦ n ≦ 100; and n is 1, 2, 3, 5, 30, 60, 90 and the like.

α is the phase angle of the origin, optionally 0 ≦ α ≦ 2 π, optionally 0 ≦ α ≦ π.

In an alternative of the present embodiment, or more of the inner surface of the outer shell 110 near the outer shell front end 111, the inner surface of the outer shell 110 near the outer shell rear end 112, the outer surface of the inner shell 120 near the inner shell front end 121, and the outer surface of the inner shell 120 near the inner shell rear end 122 are provided with corrugations extending to the end faces of the surfaces thereof.

For example, optionally, the inner surface of the outer shell 110 is corrugated proximate the front end 111 of the outer shell, and accordingly, the origin comprises an th origin, the curve comprises a th curve passing through the th origin, and the th curve is Y₁＝h₁+A₁·sin(n₁x₁+α₁) (ii) a In the formula, x₁Is the circumferential distance between the unit point on the th curve and the th origin point, Y₁The distance between the unit point on the th curve and the th origin point is h₁Is the average height of curve from the axis of the outer shell 110, A₁The amplitude of the corrugation of the curve in the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110, n₁The wave number of the th curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line, α₁Is the phase angle of the th origin, optionally A₁Greater than or equal to 0, n₁Is a natural number, 0 is not less than α₁≤π。

Optionally, the inner surface of the outer shell 110 is provided with corrugations near the shell rear end 112, and accordingly, the origin comprises a second origin, and the curve comprises a second curve passing through the second origin, the second curve being: y is₂＝h₂+A₂·sin(n₂x₂+α₂) (ii) a In the formula, x₂The circumferential distance between the unit point on the second curve and the second origin is set; y is₂The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the second curve and the second origin is shown; h is₂The average height of the second curve to the axis of the outer shell 110; a. the₂The amplitude of the ripple on the plane of the second curve along the axis perpendicular to the outer shell 110; n is₂Wavenumber of the second curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x-line α₂A phase angle that is a second origin; alternatively, A₂Is greater thanIs equal to 0, n₂Is a natural number, 0 is not less than α₂≤π。

Optionally, the outer surface of the inner shell 120 is provided with corrugations near the inner shell front end 121, and correspondingly, the origin comprises a third origin, the curve comprises a third curve passing through the third origin, and the third curve is: y is₃＝h₃+A₃·sin(n₃x₃+α₃) (ii) a In the formula, x₃The circumferential distance between the unit point on the third curve and the third origin is shown; y is₃The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the third curve and the third origin is shown; h is₃The average height of the third curve to the axis of the outer shell 110; a. the₃The amplitude of the ripple on the surface of the third curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110; n is₃Wavenumber of the third curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₃A phase angle at a third origin; alternatively, A₃Greater than or equal to 0, n₃Is a natural number, 0 is not less than α₃≤π。

Optionally, the outer surface of the inner shell 120 is provided with corrugations near the inner shell rear end 122, and correspondingly, the origin comprises a fourth origin, the curve comprises a fourth curve passing through the fourth origin, and the fourth curve is: y is₄＝h₄+A₄·sin(n₄x₄+α₄) (ii) a In the formula, x₄The circumferential distance between the unit point on the fourth curve and the fourth origin is shown; y is₄The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the fourth curve and the fourth origin is shown; h is₄The average height of the fourth curve to the axis of the outer shell 110; a. the₄The amplitude of the ripple on the surface of the fourth curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110; n is₄Wavenumber of the fourth curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x-line α₄A phase angle at a fourth origin; alternatively, A₄Greater than or equal to 0, n₄Is a natural number, 0 is not less than α₄≤π。

In the alternative of this embodiment, the origin, the second origin, the third origin and the fourth origin may be collinear or not collinear, and optionally, the origin, the second origin, the third origin and the fourth origin are collinear, so that the base points of the curve, the second curve, the third curve and the fourth curve are located on the same straight line, so as to adjust the parameters of the curve, the second curve, the third curve and the fourth curve, so as to optimize the main channel, prevent or reduce vortex shedding, improve the downstream pressure of the rear end of the inner shell, and reduce noise and resistance.

In an alternative of the present embodiment, in the axial direction of the outer housing 110, the length L of the main passage 140: l is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 50% of H; where H is the maximum dimension of the inner shell rear end 122 in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell 110. The length L of the primary channel 140 may be, for example, 1%, 5%, 20%, 30%, 45%, 48%, etc. of the maximum dimension H of the inner housing rearward end 122.

Alternatively, at least of the inner surface of the outer case 110 and the outer surface of the inner case 120 are provided with corrugations passing through a curve of the origin, the curve having a length S.

Alternatively, the length S of the th curve of the corrugation provided near the casing leading end 111 on the inner surface of the outer casing 110 in the axial direction of the outer casing 110₁：0≤S₁Less than or equal to 80% L, length S of curve ₁May be 1%, 5%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the length L of the outer housing 110, etc.

Alternatively, the length S of the second curve of the corrugated portion provided near the housing rear end 112 on the inner surface of the outer housing 110 in the axial direction of the outer housing 110₂：0≤S₂L is less than or equal to 80 percent; wherein S is₁+S₂Less than or equal to L; length S of the second curve₂May be 1%, 5%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the length L of the outer housing 110, etc.

Alternatively, the length S of the third curve of the corrugation of the outer surface of the inner housing 120 disposed near the front end 121 of the inner housing in the axial direction of the outer housing 110₃：0≤S₃L is less than or equal to 80 percent; length S of third curve₃May be 1%, 5%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the length L of the outer housing 110, etc.

Alternatively, the length S of the fourth curve of the corrugation portion provided on the outer surface of the inner housing 120 near the inner housing rear end 122 in the axial direction of the outer housing 110₄：0≤S₄L is less than or equal to 80 percent; wherein S is₃+S₄Less than or equal to L. Length S of fourth curve₄May be 1%, 5%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 60%, or 70% of the length L of the outer housing 110, etc.

In an alternative of the present embodiment, a distance between the inner surface of the outer housing 110 and the outer surface of the inner housing 120 along a sectional plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer housing 110 is b; i.e., in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer housing 110, the cross-sectional width dimension of the main channel 140 is b, i.e., the channel width of the main channel 140 is b.

Optionally, the th curve has a corrugation amplitude A in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110₁The relationship with b is: a. the₁＝c₁β₁×b。

Optionally, the second curve has a corrugation amplitude A in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell 110₂The relationship with b is: a. the₂＝c₂β₂×b。

Optionally, the amplitude A of the corrugation of the third curve in the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell 110₃The relationship with b is: a. the₃＝c₃β₃×b。

Optionally, the amplitude A of the corrugation of the fourth curve in the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell 110₄The relationship with b is: a. the₄＝c₄β₄×b。

In the formula, c₁、c₂、c₃And c₄Is a constant coefficient, and c is more than or equal to 0₁≤100％，0≤c₂≤100％，0≤c₃≤100％，0≤c₄≤100％；

β₁、β₂、β₃And β₄Is an incremental coefficient; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

0≤β₁less than or equal to 1, and β₁Is z₁A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₁Is taken as the distance between the plane and the front end 111 of the housing, and z₁≤S₁；

0≤β₂Less than or equal to 1, and β₂Is z₂A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₂Taken as the distance between the plane and the rear end 112 of the housing, and z₂≤S₂；

0≤β₃Less than or equal to 1, and β₃Is z₃A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₃Is taken as the distance between the plane and the front end 121 of the inner shell, and z₃≤S₃；

0≤β₄Less than or equal to 1, and β₄Is z₄A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₄Taken as the distance between the plane and the rear end 122 of the inner shell, and z₄≤S₄。

Amplitude A of the ripple on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110 by the curve of ₁Relation b and β₁Is z₁Such that the larger the distance between the intercept plane and the forward end 111 of the outer shell, the smaller the amplitude, that is, the smaller the amplitude of the corrugations near the middle of the outer shell 110, to optimize the primary passages 140, prevent or attenuate vortex shedding and increase the pressure downstream of the aft end 122 of the inner shell to reduce noise and reduce drag.

The amplitude A of the ripple on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110 by the second curve₂Relation b and β₂Is z₂Such that the larger the distance between the intercept plane and the outer shell aft end 112, the smaller the amplitude, that is, the smaller the amplitude of the corrugations near the middle of the outer shell 110, to optimize the primary passages 140, prevent or attenuate vortex shedding and increase the pressure downstream of the inner shell aft end 122 to reduce noise and reduce drag.

The amplitude A of the ripple on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110 by the third curve₃Relation b and β₃Is z₃Such that the larger the distance between the intercept plane and the inner shell forward end 121, the smaller the amplitude, that is, the smaller the amplitude of the corrugations near the middle of the inner shell 120, to optimize the primary passages 140, prevent or attenuate vortex shedding and increase the pressure downstream of the inner shell aft end 122 to reduce noise and reduce drag.

The amplitude A of the ripple on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell 110 by the fourth curve₄Relation b and β₄Is z₄Such that the intercept plane is between the intercept plane and the inner shell aft end 122The larger the distance, the smaller the amplitude, that is, the smaller the amplitude of the corrugation near the middle of the inner shell 120, to optimize the primary passage 140, prevent or attenuate vortex shedding and increase the pressure downstream of the inner shell aft end 122 to reduce noise and reduce drag.

Optionally, the decreasing function β (z): β (z) ═ kz or

Where k is a coefficient and k ≧ 0, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the decreasing function β (z) can also be other decreasing functions.

Wherein z is z₁、z₂、z₃Or z₄β correspondingly is β₁、β₂、β₃Or β₄S is S₁、S₂、S₃Or S₄. That is to say that the position of the first electrode,

decreasing function β₁(z₁)：β₁(z₁)＝-kz₁Or

Or other function.

Decreasing function β₂(z₂)：β₂(z₂)＝-kz₂Or

Or other function.

Decreasing function β₃(z₃)：β₃(z₃)＝-kz₃Or

Or other function.

Decreasing function β₄(z₄)：β₄(z₄)＝-kz₄OrOr other function.

In an alternative to this embodiment, the low resistance, low noise device is an outside side view mirror.

Referring to fig. 2-1 to 2-8, 4-1 and 4-2, alternatively, a side view mirror is fixedly connected to the rear end 122 of the inner housing 120, and an airflow flows from the th housing opening 113 to the second housing opening 114 along the axial direction of the outer housing 110, i.e., from the front housing end 111 to the rear housing end 112 of the outer housing 110, and tail edges formed by jet flows are formed downstream of the side view mirror, so that the tail edges eliminate or reduce vortex shedding and reduce drag and noise, wherein fig. 2-1 to 2-8 may be external side view mirrors such as cars, etc., and fig. 4-1 and 4-2 may be external side view mirrors such as vans, trucks, etc.

Referring to fig. 3-1 to 3-4, alternatively, a side view mirror surface is fixedly connected to the inner casing rear end 122 of the inner casing 120, the inner casing 120 has an inner casing flow duct 150 penetrating the inner casing front end 121 and the inner casing rear end 122, and the inner casing flow duct 150 penetrates the side view mirror surface, an air flow flows from the outer casing opening 113 to the second outer casing opening 114 in the axial direction of the outer casing 110, trailing edges made of jet flows are formed downstream of the side view mirror surface so that the trailing edges eliminate or reduce vortex shedding and reduce resistance and noise, pressure difference between the front and rear of the low resistance low noise apparatus is reduced by the inner casing flow duct 15, and then eliminates or reduces vortex shedding and reduces resistance and noise.

5-1 to 5-4, 6-1 and 6-2, in an alternative to this embodiment, a low drag, low noise device is attached at the rear of the vehicle and/or at the rear of the vehicle nose; for example, a low drag, low noise device is attached to the rear of a motor vehicle such as a car, truck, or the like, and as another example, a low drag, low noise device is attached to the rear of the head of a motor vehicle such as a truck.

Optionally, the inner hull 120 is connected to the tail, and optionally, the portion of the tail forms at least the portion of the inner hull 120.

Optionally, outer shell rear end 112 and inner shell rear end 122 are aft protruding; optionally, outer shell aft end 112 and inner shell aft end 122 are flush with the aft portion.

Optionally, the housing front end 111 of the housing body 110 includes a substantially circular outer surface, and the housing rear end 112 of the housing body 110 includes a substantially rectangular outer surface or a substantially circular outer surface. Optionally, the outer diameter of the housing front end 111 is smaller than the outer diameter of the housing rear end 112. This provides a streamlined aerodynamic shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the generally rectangular outer surface of the housing rear end 112 has a width equal to 7.0 centimeters and a height equal to 5 centimeters. Although specific widths and heights are shown, other widths and heights are deemed suitable.

Alternatively, the th housing opening 113 is illustrated as being generally circular and the second housing opening 114 is illustrated as being generally rectangular or generally circular, but the th and second housing openings 113, 114 defined by the outer housing 110 may have any suitable structural configuration according to particular embodiments, based on various considerations, one can select a suitable structural configuration for the th housing opening 113 and/or the second housing opening 114 defined by the outer housing 110, including the desired flow characteristics expected to be achieved by the low-drag, low-noise device.

Optionally, the outer shell 110 has a thickness that decreases from the shell front end 111 to the shell rear end 112. Optionally, the outer shell 110 has the same thickness from the shell front end 111 to the shell rear end 112.

Optionally, the inner shell front end 121 of the inner shell 120 has a curved leading edge; alternatively, inner housing forward end 121 of inner housing 120 may have any structural configuration, and according to particular embodiments, based on various considerations, a skilled artisan can select an appropriate structural configuration for inner housing forward end 121 of inner housing 120, including the desired effect of inner housing forward end 121 on the fluid during use. Example alternative structural arrangements believed to be suitable for the inner housing forward end 121 of the inner housing 120 include annular, flat, pointed, tapered, and any other structural arrangement believed to be suitable for a particular embodiment.

According to particular embodiments, based on various considerations, the skilled artisan can select suitable materials for forming the outer housing 110, the inner housing 120, and the connector 130 of the low-drag low-noise device, as well as suitable techniques for manufacturing the outer housing 110, the inner housing 120, and the connector 130 of the low-drag low-noise device, including the intended use of the low-drag low-noise device. Example materials considered suitable for forming the outer housing 110, the inner housing 120, and the connector 130 of the low drag, low noise device include metals, plastics, combinations of metals and plastics, composite materials, and any other materials considered suitable for a particular embodiment. Example methods considered suitable for manufacturing the outer housing 110, the inner housing 120, and the connector 130 of the low drag, low noise device include injection molding, machining, 3D printing, and any manufacturing method considered suitable for a particular embodiment.

The low-drag, low-noise device may include any number of links 130, such as , at least , two, more, three, four, five, six, seven, and any other number deemed suitable for a particular application the links 130 may have any suitable structural configuration, such as flat, substantially flat, curved, tapered, or any other suitable configuration deemed suitable for a particular embodiment.

Referring to fig. 5-1 to 5-4, 6-1 and 6-2, the present embodiment provides motor vehicles including the low-resistance low-noise apparatus 100, the low-resistance low-noise apparatus 100 being attached to the rear portion of the vehicle and/or the rear portion of the vehicle head.

The motor vehicle in this embodiment has the advantages of the low drag, low noise device, which are disclosed and will not be described again here.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1, low-resistance and low-noise devices, which are characterized by comprising an outer shell, an inner shell and a connecting piece, wherein the outer shell is connected with the inner shell through the connecting piece;

the shell body is provided with a shell front end and a shell rear end corresponding to the shell front end along the axis direction of the shell body, wherein the shell front end is provided with an -th shell opening, and the shell rear end is provided with a second shell opening corresponding to the -th shell opening;

the inner shell is at least partially arranged inside the outer shell, and the front end of the inner shell is close to the th outer shell opening;

a main passage is formed between the inner surface of the outer shell and the outer surface of the inner shell, so that the airflow flows from the th shell opening to the second shell opening through the main passage;

at least of the inner surface of the outer housing and the outer surface of the inner housing in an axial direction perpendicular to the outer housing are provided with corrugations extending to the end faces of the surfaces.

2. The low-drag low-noise apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the corrugations of at least of the inner surface of the outer housing and the outer surface of the inner housing pass through the origin at any point on a curve arbitrarily determined with respect to , where Y is h + a sin (nx + α);

wherein x is the circumferential distance between a unit point on the curve and an origin;

y is the distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the curve and the origin;

h is the average height of the curve to the axis of the outer shell;

a is the ripple amplitude of the curve on the surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell;

n is the wave number of the curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line;

α is the phase angle of the origin.

3. The low drag, low noise apparatus of claim 2 wherein the inner surface of the outer housing is corrugated adjacent the front end of the housing and correspondingly has an origin comprising an th origin, the curve comprising a th curve passing through the th origin, the th curve being Y₁＝h₁+A₁·sin(n₁x₁+α₁) (ii) a In the formula, x₁Is the circumferential distance between the unit point on the th curve and the th origin point₁The distance between the unit point on the th curve and the th origin point is h₁Is the average height of the th curve to the axis of the outer shell, A₁The amplitude of the corrugation of the th curve along the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is n₁The wave number of the th curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line, α₁Phase angle at origin ;

the internal surface of shell body is close to the shell rear end is provided with the ripple portion, and is corresponding, and the initial point includes the second initial point, and the curve includes the second curve through the second initial point, the second curve is: y is₂＝h₂+A₂·sin(n₂x₂+α₂) (ii) a In the formula, x₂The circumferential distance between the unit point on the second curve and the second origin is set; y is₂The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the second curve and the second origin is shown; h is₂Is the average height of the second curve to the axis of the outer shell; a. the₂The amplitude of the corrugation on the surface of the second curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is obtained; n is₂Wave number of the second curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₂A phase angle that is a second origin;

the surface of interior casing is close to the inner shell front end is provided with the ripple portion, and is corresponding, and the initial point includes the third initial point, and the curve includes the third curve through the third initial point, the third curve is: y is₃＝h₃+A₃·sin(n₃x₃+α₃) (ii) a In the formula, x₃The circumferential distance between a unit point on the third curve and a third origin is set; y is₃The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the third curve and the third origin is shown; h is₃Is the average height of the third curve to the axis of the outer shell; a. the₃The amplitude of the ripple on the surface of the third curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is measured; n is₃Wave number of the third curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₃A phase angle at a third origin;

the surface of interior casing is close to the inner shell rear end is provided with the ripple portion, and is corresponding, and the initial point includes the fourth initial point, and the curve includes the fourth curve through the fourth initial point, the fourth curve is: y is₄＝h₄+A₄·sin(n₄x₄+α₄) (ii) a In the formula, x₄The circumferential distance between a unit point on the fourth curve and a fourth origin is set; y is₄The distance perpendicular to the circumferential direction between the unit point on the fourth curve and the fourth origin is shown; h is₄Is the average height of the fourth curve to the axis of the outer shell; a. the₄The amplitude of the corrugation on the surface of the fourth curve along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell is obtained; n is₄Is said fourthWave number of the curve in any 0-2 pi interval along the x line α₄Is the phase angle of the fourth origin.

4. The low drag, low noise device of claim 3 wherein said origin, said second origin, said third origin and said fourth origin are collinear.

5. The low drag, low noise apparatus of claim 3 wherein the length L of said main channel in the axial direction of said outer housing is: l is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 50% of H; h is the maximum size of the rear end of the inner shell along the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell;

the length S of the th curve in the axial direction of the outer shell₁：0≤S₁≤80％L；

The length S of the second curve in the axial direction of the outer shell₂：0≤S₂L is less than or equal to 80 percent; wherein S is₁+S₂≤L；

The length S of the third curve in the axial direction of the outer shell₃：0≤S₃≤80％L；

A length S of the fourth curve in an axial direction of the outer case₄：0≤S₄L is less than or equal to 80 percent; wherein S is₃+S₄≤L。

6. The low drag, low noise device of claim 3 wherein the distance between the inner surface of the outer housing and the outer surface of the inner housing along a plane taken perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer housing is b;

amplitude A of corrugation of the th curve in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell₁The relationship with b is: a. the₁＝c₁β₁×b；

The second curve has a corrugation amplitude A in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer shell₂The relationship with b is: a. the₂＝c₂β₂×b；

The third curve is perpendicular to the outer shellAxial ripple amplitude A₃The relationship with b is: a. the₃＝c₃β₃×b；

The amplitude A of the corrugation of the fourth curve in the axial direction perpendicular to the outer shell₄The relationship with b is: a. the₄＝c₄β₄×b；

In the formula, c₁、c₂、c₃And c₄Is a constant coefficient, and c is more than or equal to 0₁≤100％，0≤c₂≤100％，0≤c₃≤100％，0≤c₄≤100％；

β₁、β₂、β₃And β₄Is an incremental coefficient; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

0≤β₁less than or equal to 1, and β₁Is z₁A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₁Is the distance between the intercept plane and the front end of the housing, and z₁≤S₁；

0≤β₂Less than or equal to 1, and β₂Is z₂A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₂Is the distance between the intercept plane and the rear end of the housing, and z₂≤S₂；

0≤β₃Less than or equal to 1, and β₃Is z₃A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₃Is the distance between the cutting plane and the front end of the inner shell, and z₃≤S₃；

0≤β₄Less than or equal to 1, and β₄Is z₄A decreasing function of; z is a radical of₄Is the distance between the intercept plane and the rear end of the inner shell, and z₄≤S₄。

7. A low-drag, low-noise device according to claim 6, wherein the decreasing function β (z) is β (z) kz or

In the formula, k is a coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 0;

wherein z is z₁、z₂、z₃Or z₄β correspondingly is β₁、β₂、β₃Or β₄S is S₁、S₂、S₃Or S₄。

8. A low drag, low noise device according to any of claims 1-7 or wherein the low drag, low noise device is an exterior side view mirror;

the rear end of the inner shell is fixedly connected with a side-view mirror surface, airflow flows from the th outer shell opening to the second outer shell opening along the axial direction of the outer shell, tail edges formed by jet flows are formed at the downstream of the side-view mirror surface, so that vortex shedding is eliminated or weakened at the tail edges, and resistance and noise are reduced;

or the rear end of the inner shell is fixedly connected with a side-view mirror surface, the inner shell is provided with an inner shell flow pipeline penetrating through the front end of the inner shell and the rear end of the inner shell, the inner shell flow pipeline penetrates through the side-view mirror surface, airflow flows to the second outer shell opening from the th outer shell opening along the axial direction of the outer shell, and tail edges formed by jet flows are formed at the downstream of the side-view mirror surface, so that vortex shedding is eliminated or reduced at the tail edges, and resistance and noise are reduced.

9. A low-drag low-noise device according to any of claims 1-7 and , wherein the low-drag low-noise device is attached at the rear of a vehicle and/or at the rear of a vehicle nose;

the inner hull is attached to the tail or portions of the tail form at least portions of the inner hull;

the rear end of the outer shell and the rear end of the inner shell protrude out of the tail part, or the rear ends of the outer shell and the inner shell are flush with the tail part.

A motor vehicle of , comprising a low drag, low noise device of any of claims 1-9 through .

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