CN110734804B - Nano cutting oil and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nano cutting oil and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
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- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
- C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano cutting oil and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the nano cutting oil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: base oil: 50-70%; and (3) modifying additives: 25 to 40 percent; extreme pressure antiwear agent: 3 to 5 percent; coupling agent: 3 to 5 percent; the rest is auxiliary materials; the modified additive is a compound of an oily additive and a nano-silica additive, the surface of the nano-silica additive is modified by an organic matter and can be uniformly dispersed in one type of mineral oil or directly used as an additive in two types of mineral oil to be added into cutting oil. Under the condition of boundary lubrication, the nano silicon dioxide additive can provide effective rolling friction, can play a good lubricating role even at the high temperature of 1000 ℃ generated in the cutting process, can effectively protect the surfaces of a cutter and a workpiece, and can prolong the service life of the cutter by more than 34.6 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing technology lubricating oil, and particularly relates to nano cutting oil and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
As is known, titanium alloy has wide application prospect, but the titanium alloy belongs to a difficult-to-machine material, has high-temperature strength, high cutting temperature in the cutting process and low thermal conductivity, and most of cutting heat can be conducted to a cutter. At present, the traditional cutting oil is adopted in most cases for titanium alloy processing at home and abroad. In order to improve the machining efficiency, some enterprises engaged in high-end machining and manufacturing industries generally adopt expensive cutters, or change the traditional lubricating mode into a mode of atomizing and cooling cutting oil by compressed cold air to spray the cutting oil on the surfaces of the cutters and the titanium alloy for machining. The improvement of the tool coating and the cutting oil supply mode can improve the processing efficiency. In the prior art, the traditional extreme pressure cutting oil containing sulfur, chlorine and phosphorus is often adopted for titanium alloy processing, the traditional cutting oil cannot bear a high-temperature area in the cutting process, and a formed lubricating oil film is easy to crack and lose efficacy in the high-temperature area, so that the service life of a cutter and the processing precision of a workpiece are seriously influenced; particularly for medical instruments with higher machining precision requirements, the traditional cutting oil cannot meet the corresponding precision requirements.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a cutting oil for processing titanium alloy, which is resistant to high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the nano cutting oil and the preparation method and the application thereof, the nano cutting oil is suitable for titanium alloy processing, and compared with the traditional cutting oil, the nano cutting oil has more excellent high temperature resistance and still has higher lubricating effect even if working at 1000 ℃.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the nanometer cutting oil comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
base oil: 50-70%;
and (3) modifying additives: 25 to 40 percent;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 3 to 5 percent;
coupling agent: 3 to 5 percent;
the rest is auxiliary materials;
the modified additive is a compound of an oily additive and a nano-silica additive, the surface of the nano-silica additive is modified by an organic matter and can be uniformly dispersed in one type of mineral oil or directly used as an additive in two types of mineral oil to be added into cutting oil.
The oily additive is one or more of vegetable oil, trimethylolpropane oleic acid monoester, pentaerythritol diester, isooctyl oleate and rape oil oxide;
the extreme pressure antiwear agent is one or more of molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate, di-n-butyl phosphite and inactive sulfide extreme pressure antiwear agent;
the coupling agent is one or more of lauryl alcohol, C16 Guerbet alcohol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether;
the auxiliary materials comprise a metal deactivator, an antirust agent, an antioxidant and an antifogging agent.
Preferably, the nanometer cutting oil comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
base oil: 60 percent;
and (3) modifying additives: 25 percent;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 4 percent;
coupling agent: 4 percent;
the balance of auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the modified additive is a compound of an oily additive and a nano-silica additive, wherein the mass ratio of the oily additive to the nano-silica additive is 3:1-2: 1.
Preferably, the oily additive is trimethylolpropane oleate.
Preferably, the nano-silica additive has a particle size of 200nm to 500 nm. By controlling the grain diameter of the oil-soluble nano silicon dioxide nano particles, rolling friction and sliding friction are provided under the condition of boundary friction, and a correct lubricating mode is provided for the surfaces of the cutter and the titanium alloy, so that the aims of improving the machining precision and prolonging the service life of the cutter are fulfilled. The inventor finds out through a great deal of experimental research that the performance of the cutting oil is optimal when the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide additive is 100nm-200 nm.
Preferably, the nano-silica additive is prepared by the following method:
s1, mixing a surfactant, an oiliness agent and n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:10, and stirring at 1000rmp/min to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding tetraethyl silicate dropwise into the mixed solution in S1, keeping the temperature and stirring for 30min at 30-40 ℃, adding 25g of 28% ammonia water, stirring and reacting for 24h at 30-40 ℃, centrifuging, removing supernatant, ultrasonically cleaning a reagent for surface reaction by using ethanol, and centrifuging to obtain the nano silicon dioxide additive.
Preferably, the dropping rate in S2 is 5 g/min.
A preparation method of nano lubricating cutting oil comprises the following steps: adding the raw materials into a blending kettle at one time, starting pulse stirring, simultaneously heating to 60-80 ℃, preserving heat and stirring for 1h to obtain the nano lubricating cutting oil.
The application of the nano lubricating cutting oil in alloy processing is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Preferably, the alloy is a titanium alloy.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the cutting oil added with the nano material, the spherical nano silicon dioxide additive can provide effective rolling friction under the condition of boundary lubrication, and can play a good lubricating role even at the high temperature of 1000 ℃ generated in the cutting process, so that the surfaces of a cutter and a workpiece can be effectively protected; the extreme pressure antiwear agent can chemically react with the surface of the titanium alloy to play a good role in chemical protection, and the two friction modes are effectively combined under different temperature gradients, so that the service life of the cutter can be prolonged by about 34.6-42.3%.
Compared with the traditional phosphorus sulfur chlorine cutting oil, the invention can prolong the service life of the cutter by about 34.6-42.3 percent, and meanwhile, the oil product does not contain substances harmful to human bodies and environment, such as chlorinated paraffin, vulcanized lard and the like in the traditional cutting oil, thereby providing a good working environment for operators, and really providing titanium alloy meeting the processing technology requirements and other cutting oil products of hard alloy which is difficult to process for enterprises and has the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the cutting oil for titanium alloy processing.
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph of the nanosilica additive in the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following preparation procedures and examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the nano cutting oil and the preparation method thereof of the present application include the steps of:
weighing the following components in percentage by mass: base oil: 50-70%; and (3) modifying additives: 25 to 40 percent; extreme pressure antiwear agent: 3 to 5 percent; coupling agent: 3 to 5 percent; 0.3-1% of metal deactivator; 3-5% of an antirust agent; 2-5% of antioxidant; 2-3% of an antifogging agent; wherein the modified additive is prepared by mixing an oily additive and a nano lubricating additive, and the mass ratio of the oily additive to the nano silicon dioxide additive is 3:1-2: 1;
adding the raw materials into a blending kettle at one time, starting pulse stirring, simultaneously heating to 60-80 ℃, preserving heat and stirring for 1h to obtain the nano lubricating cutting oil.
In the present application, the main raw material sources for preparing the nano-silica additive described below are as follows:
1. tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)) was sourced from tianjinke miou chemicals ltd,
2. modifier IGEPALCO-520 was obtained from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology GmbH.
Wherein, the modification method of the nano lubricating additive described below comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a mixture of 10g of surfactant Igepalco-520 and 100g of n-hexane into a 500mL round-bottom flask, and stirring at the speed of 1000rmp/min to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, dropwise adding 50g of tetraethyl orthosilicate into the mixed solution in the S1 at a speed of 5g/min, preserving heat at 30-40 ℃, stirring for 30min, adding 25g of 28% ammonia water, stirring and reacting at 30-40 ℃ for 24h, centrifuging, discarding supernate, ultrasonically cleaning a surface reaction reagent by using ethanol, and centrifuging to obtain nano silicon dioxide particles with surfaces modified by organic surfactants, namely the nano silicon dioxide additive.
The nano silica particles modified by the organic substance are ready for use, wherein the transmission electron microscopy image of the nano silica additive is shown in fig. 2.
Example 1
Starting a stainless steel blending kettle for pulse stirring, heating to the temperature range of 60-70 ℃, adding 50% of base oil 150SN and 60SN (wherein the mass ratio of 150SN to 60SN is 1:2), sequentially adding 10% of nano-silica additive, 22% of rapeseed oil oxide and isooctyl oleate (the mass ratio of the rapeseed oil to the isooctyl oleate is 3:1), 5% of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 1% of methylbenzotriazole, 5% of dodecenylsuccinic acid, 2% of 4, 4-dioctyl diphenylamine, 3% of inactive sulfide extreme pressure agent and 2% of polyisobutylene with the molecular weight of 15000, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h at 70 ℃ after all additives are added, and taking out the mixture from the kettle and packaging after all additives are dissolved uniformly and the main performance indexes are detected to be qualified.
Example 2
Starting a stainless steel blending kettle for pulse stirring, heating to the temperature range of 60-70 ℃, adding 65% of base oil 60N, sequentially adding 5% of nano silicon dioxide additive, 15% of vegetable oil and trimethylolpropane oleic acid diester (the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the trimethylolpropane oleic acid diester is 2:1), 3% of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.5% of methylbenzotriazole, 3% of dodecenyl succinic acid, 4.5% of 4, 4-dioctyl diphenylamine, 2% of inactive sulfide extreme pressure antiwear additive, 2% of polyacrylate with the molecular weight of 20000, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h at 70 ℃ after all additives are added, and taking out of the kettle for packaging after all additives are dissolved uniformly and main performance indexes are qualified.
Example 3
Starting a stainless steel blending kettle, stirring in a pulse mode, heating to the temperature range of 60-70 ℃, adding 69% of base oil 150N, sequentially adding 5% of nano silicon dioxide additive, 15% of isooctyl oleate, 3% of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 1% of methylbenzotriazole, 3% of dinonyl naphthalenesulfonate, 1% of 4, 4-dioctyl diphenylamine and 2, 5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone (the mass ratio is 1:3), 1% of molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate, 2% of methacrylate with the molecular weight of 10000 and styrene copolymer, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h at 70 ℃ after all additives are added, uniformly dissolving all additives, and taking out of the kettle and packaging after the main performance indexes are qualified.
Example 4
Starting a stainless steel blending kettle, carrying out pulse stirring, heating to the temperature of 60-70 ℃, adding 70% of base oil 60SN, sequentially adding 6% of nano-silica additive, 12% of vegetable oil and pentaerythritol monoester (the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the pentaerythritol monoester is 2:1), 3% of lauryl alcohol, 0.5% of methylbenzotriazole, 3% of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, 1% of 4, 4-dioctyl diphenylamine and 2, 5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone (the mass ratio is 1:3), 2.5% of inactive vulcanization extreme pressure antiwear agent, 2% of methacrylate and styrene copolymer with the molecular weight of 14000, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h at 70 ℃, taking out the mixture from the kettle and packaging after all the additives are dissolved uniformly and the main performance indexes are detected to be qualified.
Example 5
Starting a stainless steel blending kettle, stirring in a pulse mode, heating to the temperature range of 60-70 ℃, adding 60.2% of base oil 150N, sequentially adding 10% of nano-silica additive, 20% of vegetable oil and isooctyl oleate (the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the isooctyl oleate is 2:1), 3% of lauryl alcohol, 0.3% of methylbenzotriazole, 2% of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, 1% of 4, 4-dioctyl diphenylamine and 2, 4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol (the mass ratio is 1:3), 2% of inactive sulfide extreme pressure agent, 1.5% of methacrylate and styrene copolymer with the molecular weight of 10000, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h at 70 ℃, taking out the mixture from the kettle and packaging after all additives are added, and detecting that main performance indexes are qualified.
Example 6
Starting a stainless steel blending kettle for pulse stirring, heating to the temperature range of 60-70 ℃, adding 56.8% of base oil 150SN, sequentially adding 10% of nano-silica additive, 20% of vegetable oil and isooctyl oleate (the mass ratio of the vegetable oil to the isooctyl oleate is 2:1), 3% of C16 Guerbet alcohol, 0.2% of methylbenzotriazole, 3% of dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate, 2% of 4, 4-dioctyl diphenylamine and 2, 5-di-tert-butyl hydroquinone (the mass ratio is 1:3), 1% of di-n-butyl phosphite, 1% of inactive sulfide extreme pressure antiwear agent, 3% of methacrylate and styrene copolymer with the molecular weight of 20000, keeping the temperature and stirring at 70 ℃ for 1h after all the additives are dissolved uniformly, and taking out the mixture from the kettle for packaging after the main performance indexes are qualified.
Comparative example 1
A nano-cutting oil, substantially the same as example 1, except that the nano-silica additive has a particle size of 100 nm.
Comparative example 2
A nano-cutting oil, substantially the same as example 1, except that the nano-silica additive has a particle size of 600 nm.
Comparative example 3
A nano cutting oil, which is substantially the same as in example 1, except that the dropping rate in S2 was 3 g/min.
Comparative example 4
A nano cutting oil, which is substantially the same as example 1, except that the dropping rate in S2 was 6 g/min.
Performance testing and results analysis
The nano cutting oil of the invention is detected by various performance indexes, and the technical indexes are shown in table 1. The oil consumption ratio of examples 1 to 5 to conventional cutting oil used now is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 examples and comparative examples
Three representative cutting oils of example 3, example 4 and example 5 in the above examples were selected, but the properties of the cutting oils represent all the proportions of the cutting oils according to the present invention, and the cutting oils are used for processing titanium alloy workpieces of certain medical instruments and compared with the conventional cutting oils containing chlorinated paraffin in the industry, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of the examples with conventional cutting oils
According to the use effect tracked in the table 2, the three types of cutting oil added with the nano lubricant provided by the invention can improve the qualification rate of the titanium alloy workpiece compared with the traditional cutting oil. Meanwhile, the cutter is required to be replaced in the traditional cutting oil processing 1300 workpiece, but the cutter is only replaced in the cutting oil processing 1750 and 1850 workpiece added with the nano-silica lubricant, which is provided by the invention, so that the service life of the cutter can be prolonged by 34.6-42.3%, the cost is reduced for enterprises, and a good and comfortable working environment can be provided for workers.
The cutting oil prepared in the embodiment is applied to actual production, has excellent lubricating effect and high-temperature resistance, can maintain the excellent lubricating effect for a long time even in a high-temperature environment, and can ensure the processing precision and the surface quality, thereby reducing the abrasion of a cutter and avoiding smoke generation in the cutting process. The invention can prolong the service life of the cutter, improve the production capacity and increase the rotating speed and the feeding amount of the cutter.
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined, and the technical features of the embodiments can also be combined to form a new technical solution.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Claims (3)
1. The titanium alloy nanometer cutting oil is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
base oil: 50-70%;
and (3) modifying additives: 25 to 40 percent;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 3 to 5 percent;
coupling agent: 3 to 5 percent;
the rest is auxiliary materials;
the modified additive is a compound of an oily additive and a nano-silica additive, the surface of the nano-silica additive is modified by an organic matter and can be uniformly dispersed in one type of mineral oil, or the nano-silica additive is directly added into cutting oil as an additive in two types of mineral oil, wherein the mass ratio of the oily additive to the nano-silica additive is 3:1-2: 1;
the nano silicon dioxide additive is prepared by the following method:
s1, mixing a surfactant, an oiliness agent and n-hexane according to a mass ratio of 1:10, and stirring at 1000rmp to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, adding tetraethyl silicate dropwise into the mixed solution in S1, keeping the temperature and stirring at 30-40 ℃ for 30min, adding 25g of 28% ammonia water, stirring at 30-40 ℃ for reaction for 24h, centrifuging, removing supernatant, ultrasonically cleaning a reagent for surface reaction by using ethanol, and centrifuging to obtain the nano silicon dioxide additive;
the dropping speed in the S2 is 5 g/min;
the oily additive is one or more of vegetable oil, trimethylolpropane oleic acid monoester, pentaerythritol diester, isooctyl oleate and rape oil oxide;
the extreme pressure antiwear agent is one or more of molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate, di-n-butyl phosphite and inactive sulfide extreme pressure antiwear agent;
the coupling agent is one or more of lauryl alcohol, C16 Guerbet alcohol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether;
the auxiliary materials comprise a metal deactivator, an antirust agent, an antioxidant and an antifogging agent.
2. The nano cutting oil as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
base oil: 60 percent;
and (3) modifying additives: 25 percent;
extreme pressure antiwear agent: 4 percent;
coupling agent: 4 percent;
the balance of auxiliary materials.
3. The method for preparing nano cutting oil according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of: adding the raw materials into a blending kettle at one time, starting pulse stirring, simultaneously heating to 60-80 ℃, preserving heat and stirring for 1h to obtain the nano lubricating cutting oil.
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| CN201910991713.1A CN110734804B (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Nano cutting oil and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201910991713.1A CN110734804B (en) | 2019-10-18 | 2019-10-18 | Nano cutting oil and preparation method and application thereof |
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