CN110733367A - household electric vehicle intelligent charging and discharging detection system and intelligent charger - Google Patents
household electric vehicle intelligent charging and discharging detection system and intelligent charger Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 101100478187 Arabidopsis thaliana MOS4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides intelligent charge-discharge detection systems and intelligent chargers for household electric vehicles, which relate to the technical field of battery charge-discharge and comprise an analog signal acquisition module, a PWM (pulse-width modulation) driving module, a bidirectional AC/DC (alternating current/direct current) module, a bidirectional direct current conversion module, a display module and a control module, wherein the analog signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of analog signals required by the intelligent charge-discharge detection system for household electric vehicles, the PWM driving module is used for outputting PWM driving signals to the bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional direct current conversion module so as to control the battery pack to be charged or discharged, the display module is used for inputting charging parameters of the battery pack, and the control circuit is used for controlling the PWM driving module to output the PWM driving signals according to the analog signals and controlling the battery pack to be stopped to be charged according to the charging parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging and discharging, in particular to an intelligent charging and discharging detection system for a household electric vehicle and an intelligent charger.
Background
With the continuous progress of economic life, China has become the production country and the consumption country of the largest light electric vehicle in the world, and the quantity of electric bicycles in China has broken through 2.5 hundred million by 2018. Most of the existing electric vehicles are charged from the night of the vehicle owner to the next morning of the vehicle owner to go to work, and the continuous charging time exceeds 12 hours. However, long-term overcharge of an electric vehicle not only damages the battery capacity, but also internal short circuit is easily caused by overheating of the charger and the battery pack, thereby causing fire. For many years, fire disasters caused in the charging process of electric vehicles frequently occur, and casualties and economic losses caused by the fire disasters have attracted high attention of the nation.
The conventional electric vehicle chargers in the market are in a single charging mode and cannot be automatically disconnected after charging, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a conventional electric vehicle charger in the market, and the conventional electric vehicle charger can only charge in a single direction, 220V alternating current passes through a T0 bidirectional inductor, direct current of about 300V is obtained by filtering an uncontrolled rectifier bridge through a capacitor, and then stable voltages are obtained by counterattacking through a high-frequency transformer to charge a battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
To achieve the above objects, an embodiment of of the present invention provides intelligent charge/discharge detection system for home electric vehicle, including an analog signal acquisition module, a PWM driving module, a bidirectional AC/DC module, a bidirectional DC conversion module, a display module, and a control module, wherein the analog signal acquisition module, the PWM driving module, and the display module are all electrically connected to the control module, and the bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional DC conversion module are all electrically connected to the PWM driving module, wherein:
the analog signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of analog signals required by the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle;
the PWM driving module is used for outputting PWM driving signals to the bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional direct current conversion module so as to control the battery pack to be charged or discharged;
the display module is used for inputting the charging parameters of the battery pack;
the control circuit is used for controlling the PWM driving module to output the PWM driving signal according to the analog signals and also used for controlling the battery pack to stop charging according to the charging parameters.
, the bidirectional AC/DC module comprises 4 MOS transistors forming a full-bridge topology, wherein the 4 MOS transistors are controlled by the PWM driving signal.
, the bidirectional AC/DC module is connected between the grid and the DC bus for drawing energy from the grid to charge the battery pack when the DC bus voltage decreases and for converting the battery pack voltage to AC voltage to discharge when the DC bus voltage increases.
, the bidirectional dc conversion module includes a plurality of MOS transistors and a transformer, wherein 4 MOS transistors form a full bridge and are connected to the primary side of the transformer, and 2 MOS transistors form a push-pull side and are connected to the secondary side of the transformer.
, the full bridge is connected to the high voltage bus and the push-pull is connected to the battery pack.
, when the battery pack is charged, the bidirectional dc conversion module is in a step-down mode, the MOS transistors on the full bridge side are used as switching transistors, and the MOS transistors on the push-pull side are used as synchronous rectification transistors, when the battery pack is discharged, the bidirectional dc conversion module is in a step-up mode, the MOS transistors on the full bridge side are used as synchronous rectification transistors, and the MOS transistors on the push-pull side are used as switching transistors.
, further comprising a temperature sensor module, an alarm module and a switch signal control module, wherein:
the temperature sensor module is used for detecting the temperature of the battery pack;
the alarm module is used for giving an alarm when the battery pack is abnormal in state;
and the switching signal control module is used for disconnecting the connection with the power grid when the abnormal state of the battery pack is detected.
, the display module is further used for displaying the performance parameters of the battery pack.
Further , the plurality of analog signals includes an ac voltage, an ac current, a dc bus voltage, the battery pack voltage, and the battery pack current.
The bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional DC conversion module are driven based on the PWM signal, so that energy can be converted from 220V alternating current to direct current to charge a battery pack of the electric bicycle, the battery energy of the battery pack of the electric bicycle can also be converted into 220V alternating current, the seamless switching of charging and discharging of the battery pack is realized, and the damage of the battery pack caused by long-time overcharge of the electric vehicle is avoided. When the abnormal state of the battery pack is detected, the connection between the power grid and the charging and discharging detection system can be quickly disconnected, the connection between the power grid and the battery pack is disconnected, an alarm is given, and the charging safety of the electric vehicle can be effectively improved. The invention also supports manual input of various functional performance instructions, can display the system condition in time and improves the user experience. The invention can automatically detect the charging current change of the battery pack and prevent accidents such as overheating deformation of the charger caused by over-charging of the battery; the internal resistance of the battery is automatically detected, and spontaneous combustion caused by overheating of the battery pack when the internal resistance is too large is avoided; the battery capacity is automatically detected, when the capacity is detected to be changed rapidly, the problem of the battery pack is indicated, a user can be prompted to maintain or replace the battery pack in time, and the use safety of the electric vehicle is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention further provides household electric vehicle intelligent chargers, which include the household electric vehicle intelligent charging and discharging detection system as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the intelligent charger for the household electric vehicle and the intelligent charging and discharging detection system for the household electric vehicle have the same beneficial effects, and are not repeated herein.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art electric vehicle charger;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent charging and discharging detection system for a household electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a system block diagram of an intelligent charging and discharging detection system for a household electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of a bi-directional AC/DC module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a bidirectional dc conversion module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated, it is to be noted that the embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments of the present invention, they are merely examples of the apparatus and method corresponding to the aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the claims, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Thus, a feature defined as "", "second" may or may not include at least of that feature.
Most of the existing electric bicycle chargers on the market can only charge the battery, the charging is divided into three stages, namely a constant-current charging stage, a constant-voltage charging stage and a trickle charging stage, the trickle charging stage is constant-voltage charging with very small current, the existing charger can output the highest rear current slowly and less no matter how many hours the charger is plugged, whether the battery is fully charged cannot be judged, the charger works directly after a long time, the battery pack is also in a high-voltage full-charge state, and the battery pack is easy to generate heat and cause fire after long-time overcharging.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent charging and discharging detection system 200 for a home electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an analog signal acquisition module 201, a PWM driving module 202, a bidirectional AC/DC module 203, a bidirectional DC conversion module 204, a display module 205, and a control module 206, wherein the analog signal acquisition module 201, the PWM driving module 202, and the display module 205 are all electrically connected to the control module 206, and the bidirectional AC/DC module 203 and the bidirectional DC conversion module 204 are all electrically connected to the PWM driving module 205, wherein:
the analog signal acquisition module 201 is used for acquiring a plurality of analog signals required by the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle. In the embodiment of the present invention, the analog signals include an ac voltage, an ac current, a dc bus voltage, a battery pack current, a battery pack charging port capacitance voltage, and the like when the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle operates, and the collected analog signals are sent to the control module 206. The analog signals reflect the real-time states of the system and the battery pack, so that the functions of quick control and real-time protection according to the system condition can be realized. In other embodiments of the present invention, the analog signal to be collected may be adjusted according to system requirements, and is not limited to the above examples.
The PWM driving module 202 is configured to output a PWM driving signal to the bidirectional AC/DC module 203 and the bidirectional DC conversion module 204 to control the battery pack to be charged or discharged. In the embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional AC/DC module 203 and the bidirectional DC conversion module 204 are electrically connected to the PWM driving module 202, and receive the PWM driving signal from the PWM driving module 202.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a user may set the upper and lower limits of the charging voltage, current and power, or set the charging time, wherein any protection condition is met, and the connection between the battery pack and the intelligent charging and discharging detection system 200 for the household electric vehicle is automatically disconnected.
The control circuit 206 is configured to control the PWM driving module 202 to output the PWM driving signal according to the plurality of analog signals, and is further configured to control to stop charging the battery pack according to the charging parameter. In the embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit 206 analyzes the plurality of analog signals acquired by the analog signal acquisition module 201. And controls the PWM driving module 202 to output different PWM driving signals according to the analysis situation to control the seamless switching of the bidirectional AC/DC module 203 and the bidirectional DC conversion module 204. The energy can be converted from 220V alternating voltage into direct voltage to charge the battery pack of the electric bicycle, and the battery energy of the battery pack of the electric bicycle can be converted into 220V alternating voltage to be merged into a power grid, so that the seamless switching of charging and discharging during the performance detection of the battery pack is realized.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the system 200 further includes a temperature sensor module 207, an alarm module 208, and a switch signal control module 209 (none of which is shown), wherein:
the temperature sensor module 207 is used to detect the temperature of the battery pack. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the control circuit 206 finds that the temperature sensor module 207 detects that the temperature of the battery pack is abnormal, it is determined whether to stop charging the battery pack, and the connection with the battery pack is disconnected in time, so as to avoid a fire hazard possibly caused by continuous charging.
The alarm module 208 is configured to alarm when the battery pack is in an abnormal state. In the embodiment of the present invention, the abnormal state of the battery pack includes, but is not limited to, an abnormal increase in temperature, an abnormal increase or decrease in current of the battery pack, an abnormal change in battery pack capacity, an abnormal increase in internal resistance of the battery pack, and an abnormal state of the battery pack, such as smoke generated by fire.
The switch signal control module 209 is used for disconnecting the power grid when the state of the battery pack is abnormal. In the embodiment of the present invention, when it is determined that the battery pack has various abnormal states, the switching signal control module 209 may disconnect the connection between the battery pack and the ac power grid in time, stop charging the battery pack, and ensure the safety and reliability of the system operation.
In the embodiment of the invention, a DSP controller is adopted as a control circuit, for example TMS320F280X (but not limited thereto) of American TI company, and is a -bit fixed-point digital signal processor integrating digital signal processing capability, embedded control capability and event management capability in .
The analog signal acquisition module samples a plurality of analog signals, such as battery pack voltage, battery pack current, battery pack charging port capacitor voltage, a high-voltage direct-current bus, alternating-current voltage, alternating-current and the like, and after signal amplification, noise reduction and the like are performed through the operational amplifier, the analog signals are sent to an ADC unit of the controller through an I/O interface of the DSP controller, so that the system state can be rapidly acquired, and corresponding control and real-time protection functions can be provided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the I/O interface of the DSP controller is also connected with a direct current relay, an alternating current relay, a switch signal control circuit, a temperature sensor and a smoke alarm. Wherein:
the direct current relay is used for connecting the battery pack and the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle, the DSP controller controls the intelligent charging and discharging detection system, the direct current relay is closed when the DSP controller sends a high level, and the direct current relay is opened when the DSP controller sends a low level.
The alternating current relay is used for connecting the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle and a 220V alternating current power grid and is also controlled by the high and low levels of the DSP controller. It is closed when it receives a high level and open when it receives a low level.
The switch signal control circuit can be power switches, when 220V alternating current is connected, the power switches need to be closed, the 220V alternating current is supplied to the battery pack for charging, when the current is suddenly overlarge, the power switches can be disconnected with an alternating current power grid, the danger caused by sudden change of the current is avoided, and the safety of system operation is ensured.
But temperature sensor and smoke alarm real-time detection battery package temperature and environmental condition, when battery package high temperature perhaps detected the battery package and started to catch fire when causing smog, can buzzing the warning, suggestion user or administrator this electric motor car appear unusually, need in time handle, take precautions against follow-up risk.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bidirectional AC/DC module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which samples a stable 220V Alternating Current (AC) voltage, and sends a PI signal of the AC voltage to a DSP controller through an isolation operational amplifier U3, a current sensor sends an AC current signal to the DSP controller through an isolation operational amplifier U2, and a DC bus voltage DC1 sends a voltage signal to the DSP controller through an isolation operational amplifier U1. In the embodiment of the invention, a full-bridge topology type is formed by adopting 4 MOS tubes from MOS1 to MOS4, and the 4 MOS tubes are subjected to high-frequency modulation by adopting a fully-controlled MOS tube through PWM high-frequency pulse, so that bidirectional flow of alternating current and direct current energy can be realized.
The bidirectional AC/DC module is connected between a power grid and a direct current bus and used for keeping the voltage of a direct current bus voltage DC1 unchanged within a power range of , when the direct current bus voltage DC1 is increased, the bidirectional AC/DC module works in an inversion state, energy is extracted from a high-voltage bus, the direct current bus voltage DC1 is converted into AC alternating current, the voltage of a battery pack is converted into alternating current voltage for discharging, when the direct current bus voltage DC1 is decreased, the bidirectional AC/DC module works in a rectification state again, energy is extracted from the power grid to charge the battery pack, and the direct current bus voltage DC1 is kept unchanged.
In the embodiment of the invention, two working modes of the MOS tube switch can be provided, and the working modes are controlled by the PWM driving signal. Specific examples of the PWM driving module generating the PWM driving signal are given below as follows:
working mode 1: MOS1 and MOS3 are closed, AC alternating current is equal to U, and the current sensor samples positive current in a positive half cycle or samples negative current in a negative half cycle;
the working mode 2 is as follows: MOS2, MOS4 are closed, AC ═ U, and the current sensor samples negative current in the positive half-cycle or positive current in the negative half-cycle.
The bidirectional AC/DC module can only work in the working modes at any time , and can work in different modes at different times so as to realize bidirectional current flow.
In the embodiment of the invention, the industrial-mode inductors L1 and L2 are added after 220V alternating current is accessed, when the bidirectional AC/DC module is in a rectification state, high-frequency harmonic waves carried by a power grid can be filtered, and when the bidirectional AC/DC module is in an inversion state, high-frequency harmonic waves caused by an MOS switch can be filtered, so that the power factor can be effectively improved, and harmonic pollution of the power grid can be reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, the MOS 1-MOS 4 are respectively connected with R1-R4 in parallel, wherein the R1-R4 are respectively formed by connecting capacitors and resistors in series, and are used for absorbing high-voltage spikes generated when the MOS tube is switched on and off, protecting the MOS tube from overvoltage and improving the stability of a full bridge.
The bidirectional AC/DC module adopted by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high power density, small volume, high efficiency, low harmonic content, high reliability and flexible and efficient control. The sine of the current on the network side can be realized, and the device can operate in a unit power factor, so that the influence of the traditional uncontrollable diode rectification or phase-controlled thyristor rectification on a power grid and electric equipment can be overcome, and the charging efficiency can reach 98%.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bidirectional DC conversion module according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the bidirectional DC conversion module includes a plurality of MOS transistors and a transformer, and is formed by a push-pull full-bridge topology, where 4 MOS transistors MOS 5-MOS 8 form a full-bridge side (voltage type) connected to a primary side of a high-frequency transformer T1, and 2 MOS transistors MOS 9-MOS 10 form a push-pull side (current type) connected to a secondary side of the high-frequency transformer T1, where the full-bridge side is connected to a high-voltage bus, and a voltage signal is sent to a DSP controller through an isolation operational amplifier U4, and the push-pull side is connected to a battery pack, and a voltage signal is sent to the DSP controller through an isolation operational amplifier U6.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the value of the high voltage bus DC2 is kept stable, and when the DSP controller receives a command to charge the battery pack, the bidirectional DC conversion module is in a step-down mode: the MOS 5-MOS 8 are used as switching tubes and are alternately conducted through high-frequency pulse modulation to charge the high-frequency transformer T1; the MOS 9-MOS 10 are used as synchronous rectifier tubes, and are alternately conducted to achieve the purpose of voltage reduction. When the DSP controller receives a command for discharging the battery pack, the bidirectional direct current conversion module is in a boosting mode: the MOS 9-MOS 10 are used as switching tubes, and are alternately conducted through high-frequency pulse modulation, so that the battery energy is converted into magnetic energy of a high-frequency transformer T1; the MOS 5-MOS 8 are used as synchronous rectifier tubes, and are alternately conducted by high-frequency pulse modulation, so that the purpose of boosting is achieved.
The bidirectional direct current conversion module adopted by the embodiment of the invention can freely work in a voltage boosting mode or a voltage reducing mode, and the two modes are switched according to the system requirements. The intelligent charging and discharging detection system is suitable for being used in occasions with large voltage transmission and large current, and a high-frequency transformer T1 is used for electrically isolating a power grid and a battery pack, so that modularization and miniaturization of the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle can be realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, an ARM controller, such as S5PV210 (but not limited thereto), is used as a controllable command processor, the ARM controller is connected with an STC single chip microcomputer touch module and used for displaying the system condition and inputting various commands, the commands of charging time, highest voltage, highest current and the like can be set through a touch screen, and when reaches a certain condition, the DSP controller controls the disconnection with the battery pack to stop charging the battery pack, so that the damage caused by continuous overcharge of the battery pack is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the DSP controller can also automatically detect the change condition of the charging current, and can prevent accidents such as overheating and deformation of the charger caused by over-charging of the battery; the internal resistance of the battery can be automatically detected, and spontaneous combustion caused by overheating of the battery pack due to too large internal resistance is avoided; the battery capacity can be automatically detected, and when the capacity is detected to be changed rapidly, the problem of the battery pack is indicated. When the abnormal conditions are detected, the abnormal conditions can be displayed through the touch screen, various states of the battery pack of a user are prompted in time, and whether the battery pack needs to be maintained or replaced is avoided, various dangers caused by the faults of the battery pack are avoided, the use reliability is improved, and the safety of the user is guaranteed.
By adopting the intelligent charge-discharge detection system for the household electric vehicle, the bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional DC conversion module are driven based on the PWM signal, so that energy can be converted from 220V alternating current to direct current to charge a battery pack of the electric vehicle, the battery energy of the battery pack of the electric vehicle can also be converted into 220V alternating current, the seamless switching of charge and discharge of the battery pack is realized, and the damage of the battery pack caused by long-time overcharge of the electric vehicle is avoided. When the abnormal state of the battery pack is detected, the connection between the power grid and the charging and discharging detection system can be quickly disconnected, the connection between the power grid and the battery pack is disconnected, an alarm is given, and the charging safety of the electric vehicle can be effectively improved. The invention also supports manual input of various functional performance instructions, can display the system condition in time and improves the user experience. The invention can automatically detect the charging current change of the battery pack and prevent accidents such as overheating deformation of the charger caused by over-charging of the battery; the internal resistance of the battery is automatically detected, and spontaneous combustion caused by overheating of the battery pack when the internal resistance is too large is avoided; the battery capacity is automatically detected, when the capacity is detected to be changed rapidly, the problem of the battery pack is indicated, a user can be prompted to maintain or replace the battery pack in time, and the use safety of the electric vehicle is improved.
The intelligent charger for the household electric vehicle can be realized by referring to the content specifically described in the embodiment according to the th aspect of the invention, and has similar beneficial effects to the intelligent charging and discharging detection system for the household electric vehicle according to the embodiment according to the aspect of the invention, and thus, the description is omitted.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- The intelligent charging and discharging detection system for the household electric vehicle is characterized by comprising an analog signal acquisition module, a PWM driving module, a bidirectional AC/DC module, a bidirectional direct current conversion module, a display module and a control module, wherein the analog signal acquisition module, the PWM driving module and the display module are electrically connected to the control module, the bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional direct current conversion module are electrically connected to the PWM driving module, and the intelligent charging and discharging detection system comprises:the analog signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of analog signals required by the intelligent charging and discharging detection system of the household electric vehicle;the PWM driving module is used for outputting PWM driving signals to the bidirectional AC/DC module and the bidirectional direct current conversion module so as to control the battery pack to be charged or discharged;the display module is used for inputting the charging parameters of the battery pack;the control circuit is used for controlling the PWM driving module to output the PWM driving signal according to the analog signals and also used for controlling the battery pack to stop charging according to the charging parameters.
- 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the bi-directional AC/DC module comprises 4 MOS transistors forming a full-bridge topology, wherein the 4 MOS transistors are controlled by the PWM driving signal.
- 3. The intelligent charging and discharging detection system for the household electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the bidirectional AC/DC module is connected between a power grid and a direct current bus and used for drawing energy from the power grid to charge the battery pack when the direct current bus voltage is reduced; and the controller is also used for converting the voltage of the battery pack into alternating current voltage for discharging when the direct current bus voltage rises.
- 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional dc conversion module comprises a plurality of MOS transistors and a transformer, wherein 4 MOS transistors form a full bridge and 2 MOS transistors form a push-pull to the primary side of the transformer.
- 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the full-bridge side is connected to a high-voltage bus, and the push-pull side is connected to the battery pack.
- 6. The intelligent charging and discharging detection system for the household electric vehicle as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein when the battery pack is charged, the bidirectional DC conversion module is in a voltage reduction mode, the MOS tube on the full-bridge side is used as a switch tube, and the MOS tube on the push-pull side is used as a synchronous rectifier tube; when the battery pack discharges, the bidirectional direct current conversion module is in a boosting mode, the MOS tube on the full-bridge side is used as a synchronous rectifier tube, and the MOS tube on the push-pull side is used as a switch tube.
- 7. The intelligent charging and discharging detection system for the household electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor module, an alarm module and a switch signal control module, wherein:the temperature sensor module is used for detecting the temperature of the battery pack;the alarm module is used for giving an alarm when the battery pack is abnormal in state;and the switching signal control module is used for disconnecting the connection with the power grid when the abnormal state of the battery pack is detected.
- 8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the display module is further configured to display performance parameters of the battery pack.
- 9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of analog signals comprise ac voltage, ac current, dc bus voltage, the battery pack voltage, and the battery pack current.
- 10, intelligent charger for household electric vehicle, characterized in that, it comprises the intelligent charging and discharging detection system for household electric vehicle of any of claims 1-9.
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| CN201911013490.8A CN110733367A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | household electric vehicle intelligent charging and discharging detection system and intelligent charger |
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| CN201911013490.8A CN110733367A (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | household electric vehicle intelligent charging and discharging detection system and intelligent charger |
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