CN110732767A - kinds of hardware tools made up of tungsten steel and high-speed steel and their production - Google Patents
kinds of hardware tools made up of tungsten steel and high-speed steel and their production Download PDFInfo
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- CN110732767A CN110732767A CN201911164880.5A CN201911164880A CN110732767A CN 110732767 A CN110732767 A CN 110732767A CN 201911164880 A CN201911164880 A CN 201911164880A CN 110732767 A CN110732767 A CN 110732767A
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- tungsten
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0006—Electron-beam welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
Abstract
The invention discloses hardware tools formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel, which comprise a columnar body, wherein the columnar body comprises a tungsten steel section and a high-speed steel section, the end part of the tungsten steel section and the end part of the high-speed steel section are welded in a metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode, the end of the connection of the tungsten steel section and the high-speed steel section is the connecting end of the tungsten steel section, and the ratio of the content of metal cobalt to the content of tungsten carbide of the tungsten steel section from the free end to the connecting end is gradually increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hardware tools, mainly relates to a punch rod, a cutting tool, a drill bit, a milling cutter and the like in the hardware tools, and particularly relates to hardware tools formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel and a production method thereof.
Background
The high-speed steel is kinds of tool steel with high hardness, high wear resistance and high heat resistance, commonly called white steel, except the high-speed steel produced by smelting method, after 20 th century and 60 th century, powder metallurgy high-speed steel appears, its advantages are that mechanical property reduction and heat treatment deformation caused by carbide segregation caused by smelting method are avoided, the material performance is greatly improved, and it is used for manufacturing various cutting tools and dies with high requirements.
The high-speed steel is complex steel types, the carbon content is and is 0.70-1.65% generally, the high-speed steel contains more alloy elements, the total content can reach 10-25%, the elements are carbides of tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, cobalt and the like, and different systems can be divided according to the content of the carbides, such as tungsten high-speed steel (containing 9-18%) and cobalt high-speed steel (containing 5-10%) which can still keep high hardness under the condition of high heat generated by high-speed cutting (about 500 ℃) and the HRC can be more than 60.
The tungsten steel belongs to hard alloys as rare metals, mainly comprises tungsten carbide and cobalt accounting for 99 percent of all components, 1 percent of other metals, has series excellent performances of high hardness (89-95 HRA), wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, particularly high hardness and wear resistance, is basically kept unchanged even at the temperature of 500 ℃, and still has very high hardness at the temperature of 1000 ℃.
As is well known, the price of the tungsten steel raw material is ten times of that of the high-speed steel, and the working conditions of most end parts of the tools made of the tungsten steel are high in application, so that composite materials are obtained by combining the tungsten steel and the high-speed steel, the material cost can be reduced under the condition that the processing performance is not influenced, and the utilization of tungsten resources is greatly saved.
The tungsten steel and the hardware tool with the high-speed steel structure are mainly used in occasions such as punching rods, cutting tools, drill bits, milling cutters and the like, because the occasions deform in the long-time use process of the tungsten steel and the hardware tool with the high-speed steel structure under the working conditions of high speed, high pressure and high heat for a long time, the common welding method of the high-speed steel and the tungsten steel is brazing, and the tungsten steel head is easy to fall off, the reason is caused, is because a correct welding method is not found, and the high-speed steel and the tungsten steel are good because the welding seam fusion area of the dissimilar steel cannot be fused like the same steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide kinds of hardware tools which are formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel.
The invention also provides a production method of hardware tools formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel.
The invention has the innovation point that the ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide in the tungsten steel section from the free end to the connecting end is gradually increased, the hardness and the strength of the tungsten steel are gradually changed, the hardness is high, the strength is relatively small, the hardness is low, the strength is relatively large, the hardness is low, the HRA of the end is up to 90, the end with the high ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide is more fit with the components of the high-speed steel, and the fusion is better when the high-speed steel is welded with the end face of the high-.
After welding by a metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode, the welding seam is not easy to break.
kinds of hardware tools formed by tungsten steel and high-speed steel in a combined mode comprises a cylindrical body, the cylindrical body comprises a tungsten steel section and a high-speed steel section, and the hardware tools are characterized in that the end portion of the tungsten steel section and the end portion of the high-speed steel section are welded in a metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode, the end of the tungsten steel section and the high-speed steel section is a connecting end of the tungsten steel section, and the ratio of the content of metal cobalt to the content of tungsten carbide of the tungsten steel section from a free end to the connecting end is gradually increased.
The friction welding has the advantages that the welding joint is high in quality and stable, the weldability is relatively , the welding joint is particularly suitable for welding dissimilar metals, the size precision and the geometric precision of welding pieces are high, full automation can be achieved, the labor condition is good, no sparks, arc light, harmful gas and the like exist, welding pieces of tungsten steel and high-speed steel are fixed, welding pieces rotate and apply pressure, the contact end faces of the tungsten steel and the high-speed steel are rubbed vigorously during welding to remove oxides and impurities attached to the surfaces at first and are ground flat to expose flat and clean metal surfaces, then crystal grains are damaged due to continuous increase of the temperature of the friction contact faces, plastic deformation is increased, the welding temperature is reached, finally, the friction is stopped rapidly, and high upsetting pressure is applied to enable two welding pieces to generate large plastic deformation, tungsten atoms, cobalt atoms and iron atoms of the contact faces are closer to each other and diffuse to form common recrystallization and intermediate compounds, and therefore the two welding pieces are welded to the .
The electron beam welding is characterized in that: the electron beam has high power density, so that refractory materials such as tungsten, molybdenum and the like can be welded; welding is carried out in vacuum, so that the influence of hydrogen and oxygen in the air on a welding seam can be avoided; the welding speed is high, the temperature is high, the welding melting zone is small, the heat affected zone is small, and the influence on the performance of the base metal is small; the energy of the electron beam is accurate and controllable, and the size difference after welding is small. When welding, electron current with extremely high energy density moves at high speed to bombard tungsten steel and high-speed steel butt joint to convert partial electron kinetic energy into heat energy to enable the joint area to be melted and evaporated, the melted metal is discharged under the action of high-pressure metal steam, the electron beam continuously impacts solid metal in the deep part and is rapidly punctured to form a through hole, the periphery of the electron beam is surrounded by liquid metal, and the liquid metal flows to the rear part of a molten pool along the through hole along with the relative movement of the electron beam and a workpiece, and is gradually cooled and solidified to form a welding line.
The end with low hardness and high strength (the content of tungsten carbide is relatively less, the content of cobalt is relatively more) is fused with the high-speed steel, because the elemental composition proportion of the tungsten steel and the high-speed steel at the welding position is closer, the difference of hardness, plasticity and melting point is smaller, and mutual diffusion and intercrystalline connection of metal atoms at two ends are facilitated to form common recrystallization.
The hardware tool consisting of tungsten steel and high-speed steel in combination according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the content of metal cobalt to the content of tungsten carbide at the connecting end of the tungsten steel section is not less than 3: 7.
The hardware tool formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel according to claim 1, wherein the content of tungsten and cobalt in the high-speed steel section is more than or equal to 10%.
A production method of hardware tools formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of preparing a tungsten steel section by adopting a powder metallurgy method, firstly dividing raw materials for preparing the tungsten steel into more than two equal-quantity blanks, wherein the mixing ratio range of metal cobalt and carbide in each blank is 1: 19-1: 1, sequentially arranging more than two parts of blanks according to the ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide, and sintering to obtain a tungsten steel section finally;
(2) and (3) welding the end with the larger ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide in the tungsten steel section with the high-speed steel section, welding in a metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode, and obtaining a finished product after welding.
, the ratio of the end with larger ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide in the tungsten steel section is more than or equal to 3: 7.
, the content of tungsten and cobalt in the high-speed steel section is more than or equal to 10%.
, the tungsten steel segments are formed by powder metallurgy with warm compaction, and the density and strength of the compact is higher than that of cold compaction.
, the tungsten steel segment is made by powder metallurgy method and is shaped by metal injection molding, and the density and mechanical property of the sintered product are higher than those of press molding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the ratio of the metal cobalt content to the tungsten carbide content of the tungsten steel section from the free end to the connecting end is gradually increased, the hardness and the strength of the tungsten steel are gradually changed, the hardness is high, the strength is relatively small, the hardness is low, the strength is relatively large, the end with the high ratio of the metal cobalt content to the tungsten carbide content is more fit with the high-speed steel component, and the fusion is better when the high-speed steel section is welded with the end surface of the high-speed steel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1 as shown in fig. 1, hardware tools formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel comprise a cylindrical body 1, wherein the cylindrical body 1 comprises a tungsten steel section 2 and a high-speed steel section 3, the end part of the tungsten steel section 2 and the end part of the high-speed steel section 3 are welded in a metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode, the end of the tungsten steel section 2 connected with the high-speed steel section 3 is a connecting end 4 of the tungsten steel section 3, the ratio of the content of metal cobalt to the content of tungsten carbide of the tungsten steel section from a free end 5 to the connecting end 4 is gradually increased, the ratio of the content of metal cobalt to the content of tungsten carbide at the connecting end of the tungsten steel section 2 is greater than or equal to 3:7, and the content of tungsten and cobalt of the high-speed steel section 3 is greater.
The embodiments depicted are only some embodiments of the present invention and not all embodiments based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, kind of hardware and tools that constitute by tungsten steel and high-speed steel combination, including the columniform body, the columniform body includes tungsten steel section and high-speed steel section, its characterized in that, tungsten steel section tip and high-speed steel section tip pass through metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode welding, end of the connection of tungsten steel section and high-speed steel section is the link of tungsten steel section, and the ratio of metal cobalt content and tungsten carbide content that the tungsten steel section followed free end to link end department increases gradually.
2. The hardware tool consisting of tungsten steel and high-speed steel in combination according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the content of metal cobalt to the content of tungsten carbide at the connecting end of the tungsten steel section is not less than 3: 7.
3. The hardware tool formed by combining tungsten steel and high-speed steel according to claim 2, wherein the content of tungsten and cobalt in the high-speed steel section is more than or equal to 10%.
4, A method for manufacturing a hardware tool made of a combination of tungsten steel and high speed steel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of preparing a tungsten steel section by adopting a powder metallurgy method, firstly dividing raw materials for preparing the tungsten steel into more than two equal-quantity blanks, wherein the mixing ratio range of metal cobalt and carbide in each blank is 1: 19-1: 1, sequentially arranging more than two parts of blanks according to the ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide, and sintering to obtain a tungsten steel section finally;
(2) and (3) welding the end with the larger ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide in the tungsten steel section with the high-speed steel section, welding in a metal friction welding or electron beam welding mode, and obtaining a finished product after welding.
5. The method for producing the hardware tool formed by combining the tungsten steel and the high-speed steel according to claim 4, wherein the end with the larger ratio of the content of the metal cobalt to the content of the tungsten carbide in the tungsten steel section is more than or equal to 3: 7.
6. The method for producing the hardware tool formed by combining the tungsten steel and the high-speed steel according to claim 5, wherein the content of both tungsten and cobalt in the high-speed steel section is more than or equal to 10%.
7. The method for producing hardware tools made of tungsten steel and high-speed steel in combination according to claim 4, wherein the tungsten steel segments are formed by warm compaction in the powder metallurgy process.
8. A method for manufacturing hardware tools made of tungsten steel and high speed steel in combination according to claim 4, wherein the tungsten steel segments are formed by powder metallurgy using metal injection molding.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112743089A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-04 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | Direct fusion method of high-speed steel and tungsten steel |
| CN112760459A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | High-speed steel tool and tungsten adding method thereof |
| CN112809221A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | Hardware tool with indirectly fused high-speed steel and tungsten steel and machining method |
| CN113182788A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-30 | 东莞市凯融光学科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of tungsten steel mold core |
| CN114669902A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-28 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | High-speed steel tool steel and tungsten steel efficient heating fusion method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112743089A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-04 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | Direct fusion method of high-speed steel and tungsten steel |
| CN112743089B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-11-15 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | Direct fusion method of high-speed steel and tungsten steel |
| CN112809221A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | Hardware tool with indirectly fused high-speed steel and tungsten steel and machining method |
| CN112760459A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | High-speed steel tool and tungsten adding method thereof |
| CN113182788A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-30 | 东莞市凯融光学科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of tungsten steel mold core |
| CN114669902A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-28 | 宜兴市鼎锋模具制造有限公司 | High-speed steel tool steel and tungsten steel efficient heating fusion method |
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