CN110729913B - Single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter - Google Patents

Single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110729913B
CN110729913B CN201911083907.8A CN201911083907A CN110729913B CN 110729913 B CN110729913 B CN 110729913B CN 201911083907 A CN201911083907 A CN 201911083907A CN 110729913 B CN110729913 B CN 110729913B
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switch
switch tube
gain
topology
tube
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CN110729913A (en
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赵犇
皇甫宜耿
俞天瀛
马瑞卿
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter, which aims at the problem of high loss of a low-voltage side commutation diode of the single-stage Boost type inverter with a coupling inductor, and removes two low-voltage side commutation diodes by introducing a switch tube, so that the conduction loss caused by the low-voltage side diodes is reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved. The loss of the topology and the topology with the low-voltage side commutation diode is calculated and simulated and compared by using the same switch tube parameters, the conduction loss is reduced by nearly 10W by taking 200W output power as an example, and accounts for nearly 5% of the overall efficiency, so that the effect of reducing the conduction loss of the topology is obvious. When the output power is further increased and the input voltage is further reduced, the conduction loss of the original topology with the low-voltage side phase-change diode is further increased, and the advantages of the topology are more obvious.

Description

Single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power electronics, and relates to a single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter.
Background
In photovoltaic micro-inverter applications, the inverter is typically required to have high voltage gain due to the low output voltage of the individual photovoltaic panels and the high output grid side voltage. Generally, because of easy control and realization, a two-stage inverter is adopted, the first stage is a high-gain DC-DC converter, and the second stage is a common bridge inverter. However, due to lower cost and higher efficiency, single-stage inverters are increasingly attracting wide interest of researchers. In overview, the proposed schemes mainly relate to flyback, Boost, and Buck-Boost.
In the scheme adopted by the single-stage inverter, the voltage gain of the flyback topology can be very high due to the adoption of the transformer, however, the single-stage structure of the flyback topology has to be provided with a decoupling circuit to reduce the decoupling capacitance, so that the characteristic of simple structure of the flyback topology is weakened, the number of devices is increased, and the efficiency is reduced; most of Buck-Boost type topologies are still limited by limited voltage conversion ratio, and individual topologies can realize high conversion ratio, but the number of devices is greatly increased; boost type topologies have high voltage buses to make power decoupling simple, but most of the current topologies suffer from the disadvantage of limited gain.
The document proposes that a novel Boost type inverter topology greatly improves the voltage gain by introducing a coupling inductor, but due to a single-stage topology structure, two phase-change diodes are introduced at a low-voltage side, and the two phase-change diodes cause large conduction loss due to large current bearing, and when the input voltage is lower, the diode loss accounts for a larger proportion of the overall loss.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter, which solves the problem that the loss of a low-voltage side commutation diode of the single-stage Boost type inverter with a coupling inductor is large. Two phase change diodes on the low-voltage side are removed by introducing a switching tube, so that the loss caused by the diodes on the low-voltage side is reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved.
Technical scheme
A single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter is characterized by comprising M1～M5Switching tube, LcpCoupling inductor, D boost diode, output filter network Lo-CoAnd CdcA decoupling capacitor; m1Switch tube, M3The source electrode of the switching tube is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply and is grounded; positive pole and L of power supplycpWinding W of coupling inductor1The same name end of the terminal is connected; m1Drain electrode of switching tube, M5Source electrode and winding W of switch tube2End of same name, W1Are connected with the non-homonymous terminal; coOutput filter capacitor and LoAn inductor connected in series with one end of the inductor4Source electrode and M of switch tube3The drain electrode of the switch tube is connected with the other end of the switch tube and the switch M2Source electrode and M of switch tube5The drain electrode of the switching tube is connected; m2Switching tube and M4Drain electrode of switch tube and DC bus capacitor CdcConnected with the cathode of the diode D; anode of diode D and coupled inductor winding W2Are connected with the non-homonymous terminal; in operation, RLLoad and CoThe output filter capacitors are connected in parallel.
Said LcpThe number of turns of the primary winding of the coupling inductor is N1Number of turns of secondary winding N2The transformation ratio is n ═N2/N1。
The transformation ratio n is selected according to the required voltage gain.
Advantageous effects
The single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter provided by the invention aims at the problem that the loss of a low-voltage side commutation diode of the single-stage Boost type inverter with a coupling inductor is large, and two low-voltage side commutation diodes are removed by introducing one switching tube, so that the conduction loss caused by the low-voltage side diodes is reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved. The loss of the topology and the topology with the low-voltage side commutation diode is calculated and simulated and compared by using the same switch tube parameters, the conduction loss is reduced by nearly 10W by taking 200W output power as an example, and accounts for nearly 5% of the overall efficiency, so that the effect of reducing the conduction loss of the topology is obvious. When the output power is further increased and the input voltage is further reduced, the conduction loss of the original topology with the low-voltage side phase-change diode is further increased, and the advantages of the topology are more obvious.
Meanwhile, the topology keeps a single-stage compact topology structure, the number of devices is small, and the high-voltage direct-current bus can use a small decoupling capacitor, so that a decoupling circuit is prevented from being introduced or a capacitor with a large capacitance value is placed on the low-voltage side, and the reliability and the service life of the inverter can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a proposed single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter topology
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the working mode of the present invention
FIG. 2(a) mode A
FIG. 2(B) mode B
FIG. 2(C) mode C
FIG. 2(d) Modal A'
FIG. 2(e) Modal B'
FIG. 2(f) mode C'
FIG. 3 illustrates the main operating waveforms of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter comprises: comprising five switching tubes M1～M5Formed bridge circuit and coupling inductor LcpBoost diode D and DC bus capacitor CdcAn output filter network Lo-CoAnd an equivalent load RL. Wherein the number of turns of the primary winding of the coupling inductor is N1Number of turns of secondary winding N2The transformation ratio is N ═ N2/N1The required voltage gain can be achieved by reasonably designing the coupling inductance transformation ratio. By introducing a middle stage switching tube M in a full bridge circuit5Two phase change diodes on the low-voltage side in the original circuit are removed, and the normal work of the inverter circuit can be realized through designed logic control.
The circuit connection relation of the topology is as follows: switch tube M1、M3The source of the power supply is connected with the cathode of the input power supply and is grounded; positive pole of input power supply and coupling inductor LcpWinding W of1The same name end of the terminal is connected; switch tube M1Drain electrode of (1), M5Source electrode of (2) and winding W2End of same name, W1Are connected with the non-homonymous terminal; load RLAnd output filter capacitor CoConnected in parallel and with the inductance LoIn series connection with one end of the switch tube M4Source electrode and switch tube M3Is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube M, and the other end of the switching tube M is connected with the drain electrode of the switching tube2Source electrode and switch tube M5Is connected with the drain electrode of the transistor; switch tube M2And M4Drain electrode of and DC bus capacitor CdcConnected with the cathode of the diode D; anode of diode D and coupled inductor winding W2Are connected to each other.
As shown in FIG. 1, the inverter comprises a switching tube M1～M5Coupled inductor LcpBoost diode D, output filter network Lo-CoLoad RLDecoupling capacitor CdcAnd the like. The required voltage gain can be achieved by adjusting the transformation ratio of the coupling inductor, and M is reasonably controlled1～M5The on/off of the switch enables the circuit to work correctly so as to obtain the required output alternating voltage or current.
When the output voltage is positive, the switch tube M4Is always on, and the switch tube M3Is always turned off by controlling the switch tube M1、M2And M5The switching on and off of the voltage control circuit realizes the control of the output voltage.
The working mode of the topology is as follows: there are three operating modes in each switching cycle, with the topology operating in modes A, B and C when the output voltage is positive and in modes a ', B ', and C ' when the output voltage is negative.
When the output voltage is positive, the switch tube M3Is always turned off, and the switch tube M4Is always on, and is controlled by the control switch tube M1、M2And M5The switching on and off of the voltage control circuit realizes the control of the output voltage.
Mode A: switch tube M1And M5Switching on and off tube M2Turning off the input voltage source to the primary winding W of the coupled inductor1Charging, simultaneous switching of the transistor M4And M1The switching on of the DC bus enables the DC bus to supply power to the load end. The circuit of the mode is as shown in figure 2(a)
Mode B: at DbkTsTime of day, switch tube M5Switch-off and switch tube M2When the current is switched on, the current passes through the switch tube M4And M2Follow current, and output capacitor to supply power to load. The input voltage source continues to supply the primary winding W of the coupling inductor1And (6) charging. The circuit of this mode is shown as 2(b)
Mode C: at DbstTsTime of day, switch tube M1And (4) switching off, charging the direct current bus capacitor by the input voltage source and the coupling inductor through the two windings and the diode D, and keeping the tubular state of the rest switches unchanged. The circuit of the mode is as shown in figure 2(c)
When the output voltage is negative, the switch tube M2Is always on and M5Always off by controlling M1、M3And M4The switch (es) of (a) to achieve control of the output voltage, thereby obtaining the working modes A ', B ' and C '.
Mode A': switch tube M1And M3Switching on and off tube M4Switch offInputting a voltage source to a primary winding N of a coupled inductor1Charging, simultaneous switching of the transistor M2And M3The switching on of the DC bus enables the DC bus to supply power to the load end in a reverse direction. The circuit of the mode is as shown in figure 2(d)
Mode B': at DbkTsTime of day, switch tube M3Switch-off and switch tube M4When the current is switched on, the current passes through the switch tube M2And M4Follow current, and output capacitor to supply power to load. The input voltage source continues to supply the primary winding N of the coupling inductor1And (6) charging. The circuit of the mode is as shown in figure 2(e)
A mode C': at DbstTsTime of day, switch tube M1And (4) switching off, charging the direct current bus capacitor by the input voltage source and the coupling inductor through the two windings and the diode D, and keeping the tubular state of the rest switches unchanged. The circuit of the mode is as shown in figure 2(f)
Wherein D isbstFor the boosting duty ratio, the boosting duty ratio can be calculated according to the relation of input and output voltages or solved by a maximum power tracking algorithm; dbkIs a sinusoidally varying SPWM wave according to DbkThe modulation of (2) can obtain sinusoidal alternating voltage or current at the output end. In this topology, DbkIs less than Dbst。
The switching tube switching modes of the topology are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 topology switch modalities
Figure BDA0002264797730000051
When the output voltage is negative, the switch tube M2Is always on and M5Always off by controlling M1、M3And M4The output voltage is controlled, so as to obtain the operation modes a ', B ', and C ', as shown in fig. 2(d), 2(e), and 2 (f).
The main operating waveforms of the topology are shown in FIG. 3, where SM1～SM5Are respectively a switch tube M1～M5The switching signal of (2). By comparing the duty ratio DbstIs adjusted byTo obtain the required DC bus voltage; by duty cycle DbkThe required sinusoidal output waveform can be obtained by the adjustment of (2).

Claims (3)

1. A single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter is characterized by comprising M1～M5Switching tube, LcpCoupling inductor, D boost diode, output filter network Lo-CoAnd CdcA decoupling capacitor; m1Source electrode and M of switch tube3The source electrode of the switching tube is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply and is grounded; positive pole and L of power supplycpPrimary winding W of coupling inductor1The same name end of the terminal is connected; m1Drain electrode of switching tube, M5Source and secondary winding W of switch tube2End of same name, W1Are connected with the non-homonymous terminal; output filter network Lo-CoIn, CoOutput filter capacitor and LoThe output filter inductors are connected in series to form a series branch, and one end of the series branch is connected with the M4Source electrode and M of switch tube3The drain electrode of the switch tube is connected with the other end of the switch tube and the switch M2Source electrode and M of switch tube5The drain electrode of the switching tube is connected; m2Drain electrode of switch tube and M4Drain electrode of switch tube and CdcThe positive electrode of the decoupling capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the D boosting diode, and CdcThe negative electrode of the decoupling capacitor is grounded; d anode of boost diode and coupling inductance winding W2Are connected with the non-homonymous terminal; in operation, RLLoad and CoThe output filter capacitors are connected in parallel.
2. The single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost-type inverter of claim 1, wherein: said LcpCoupled inductor primary winding W1Number of turns of N1Secondary winding W2Number of turns N2The transformation ratio is N ═ N2/N1。
3. The single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost-type inverter of claim 2, wherein: the transformation ratio n is selected according to the required voltage gain.
CN201911083907.8A 2019-11-07 2019-11-07 Single-stage high-gain five-switch Boost type inverter Expired - Fee Related CN110729913B (en)

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US9065354B2 (en) * 2011-04-27 2015-06-23 Sunpower Corporation Multi-stage power inverter for power bus communication
US9379640B2 (en) * 2011-06-23 2016-06-28 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Scalable single-stage differential power converter
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CN109245584B (en) * 2018-04-04 2020-11-03 南京航空航天大学 High-energy-efficiency dual-input inverter suitable for distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system

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