CN110726626A - Interlaminar shear fatigue test device and method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue - Google Patents
Interlaminar shear fatigue test device and method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue Download PDFInfo
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- CN110726626A CN110726626A CN201911172070.4A CN201911172070A CN110726626A CN 110726626 A CN110726626 A CN 110726626A CN 201911172070 A CN201911172070 A CN 201911172070A CN 110726626 A CN110726626 A CN 110726626A
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- composite structure
- interlaminar shear
- vertical
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
Abstract
The application discloses an interlaminar shear fatigue test device and a method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue. The interlaminar shear fatigue test device comprises a test tool, a vertical actuator and a transverse actuator. The test tool is used for placing the composite structure and positioning the lower layer structure of the composite structure. The vertical actuator is used for applying vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure. The lateral actuators are used to apply lateral loads to the sides of the superstructure of the composite structure. The technical scheme provided by the application can effectively carry out the test of interlaminar shear fatigue life to the double-layer composite structure.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of shear fatigue testing, in particular to an interlaminar shear fatigue testing device and an interlaminar shear fatigue testing method.
Background
In the field of construction engineering, engineering construction and treatment in soil layers, such as slope and foundation pit engineering, pile foundation engineering, soil nailing support, subway tunnel engineering, etc., are commonly encountered. Engineering practice in soil layers, shear force in the soil layers or between the soil layers, and interfacial shear force test and cognition between the soil layers and structures such as soil nails, piles, tunnels and the like are concerned with the economy, reasonability, safety and stability of the whole engineering design and construction.
The load applied to a test piece by the conventional testing device for the interlaminar shear fatigue is not consistent with the actual fatigue shearing condition, so that the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the test piece cannot be effectively tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an interlaminar shear fatigue test device and an interlaminar shear fatigue test method, and the interlaminar shear fatigue test device and the interlaminar shear fatigue test method can effectively perform interlaminar shear fatigue life test on a double-layer composite structure.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an interlaminar shear fatigue test apparatus, wherein a test object is a double-layer composite structure. The interlaminar shear fatigue test device comprises a test tool, a vertical actuator and a transverse actuator. The test tool is used for placing the composite structure and positioning the lower layer structure of the composite structure. The vertical actuator is used for applying vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure. The lateral actuators are used to apply lateral loads to the sides of the superstructure of the composite structure.
In the scheme, the interlaminar shear fatigue test device is provided, and the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the double-layer composite structure can be effectively tested. When the test is carried out, the composite structure is placed in the test tool, and the lower layer structure of the composite structure is positioned through the test tool. Vertical load will be applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, and horizontal load will be applyed to composite construction's superstructure to horizontal actuator. Therefore, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing device can test the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure under the action of the traditional transverse force or the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure under the action of the vertical force, and can also test the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure under the combined action of the vertical force and the transverse force, and the interlaminar shear fatigue testing device is more in line with the actual situation compared with the prior art. Meanwhile, the influence of different action frequencies and amplitudes on the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure can be tested by adjusting the action frequencies and amplitudes of the vertical actuator or the transverse actuator, so that the interlaminar shear fatigue life of a test piece, namely the double-layer composite structure, can be effectively tested.
Optionally, in one possible implementation, the test fixture is formed with a first support portion and a second support portion. The first and second supports are used to laterally position the understructure of the composite structure.
Optionally, in a possible implementation manner, the first supporting portion is located on one side of the composite structure away from the transverse actuator, the second supporting portion is located on one side of the composite structure close to the transverse actuator, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus further includes an upper rubber mat and a lower rubber mat, the upper rubber mat and the lower rubber mat are located on the first supporting portion and are respectively used for abutting against the upper structure and the lower structure of the composite structure, and the rigidity of the lower rubber mat is greater than that of the upper rubber mat.
Optionally, in a possible implementation, the test tool is provided with an elastic rubber pad, and the elastic rubber pad is used for supporting the lower surface of the composite structure.
Optionally, in a possible implementation manner, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus further includes a rolling structure, the rolling structure is disposed at the execution end of the vertical actuator and is used for acting on the upper surface of the composite structure; the rolling structure includes base member and a plurality of gyro wheels, and the base member is connected in vertical actuator's execution end, and the base member just is used for acting on composite construction's upper surface rotationally to a plurality of gyro wheels, and a plurality of gyro wheels set up along horizontal interval.
Optionally, in a possible implementation manner, the interlaminar shear fatigue test apparatus further includes a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor is disposed in the test fixture and is used for sensing displacement of the upper layer and the lower layer of the composite structure.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue, which uses the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus provided in the first aspect, the method comprising:
placing the composite structure in a test tool;
applying a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure by the vertical actuator;
the lateral actuators apply lateral loads to the superstructure of the composite structure.
Optionally, in one possible implementation:
vertical load is applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, includes:
applying a vertical constant load on the upper surface of the composite structure by the vertical actuator;
a lateral actuator for applying a lateral load to an upper layer of a composite structure, comprising:
the lateral actuators apply lateral alternating loads to the superstructure of the composite structure.
Optionally, in one possible implementation:
vertical load is applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, includes:
applying a vertical alternating load to the upper surface of the composite structure by the vertical actuator;
a lateral actuator for applying a lateral load to an upper layer of a composite structure, comprising:
the lateral actuators apply a laterally constant load to the superstructure of the composite structure.
Optionally, in one possible implementation:
vertical load is applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, includes:
applying a vertical alternating load to the upper surface of the composite structure by the vertical actuator;
a lateral actuator for applying a lateral load to an upper layer of a composite structure, comprising:
the lateral actuators apply lateral alternating loads to the superstructure of the composite structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an interlayer shear fatigue testing apparatus in this embodiment.
Icon: 10-interlaminar shear fatigue test device; 11-testing the tool; 12-a vertical actuator; 13-a lateral actuator; 14-upper rubber cushion; 15-lower layer rubber mat; 16-an elastic rubber pad; 17-a rolling configuration; 18-a displacement sensor; 110-a first support; 111-a second support; 170-a substrate; 171-a roller; 20-a composite structure; 20 a-upper layer structure; 20 b-lower layer structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, refer to the orientation or positional relationship as shown in the drawings, or as conventionally placed in use of the product of the application, or as conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment provides an interlaminar shear fatigue test apparatus 10, which can effectively perform an interlaminar shear fatigue life test on a double-layer composite structure.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a specific structure of an intermediate shear fatigue testing apparatus 10 in the present embodiment. Fig. 1 also shows a composite structure 20, wherein the composite structure 20 is formed by adhesively bonding an upper layer 20a and a lower layer 20 b.
The interlaminar shear fatigue testing device 10 comprises a testing tool 11, a vertical actuator 12 and a transverse actuator 13. The test fixture 11 is used to place the composite structure 20 and position the underlying structure 20b of the composite structure 20. The vertical actuator 12 is used to apply a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20. The lateral actuators 13 are used to apply lateral loads to the sides of the superstructure 20a of the composite structure 20.
The above embodiment provides an interlaminar shear fatigue test apparatus 10 capable of effectively testing the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the double-layer composite structure 20. In performing the test, the composite structure 20 is placed in the test fixture 11 and the underlying structure 20b of the composite structure 20 is positioned by the test fixture 11. The vertical actuators 12 apply a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20 and the lateral actuators 13 apply a lateral load to the superstructure 20a of the composite structure 20. Therefore, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing device 10 can test the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure 20 under the action of the traditional transverse force or the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure 20 under the action of the vertical force, and can also test the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure 20 under the combined action of the vertical force and the transverse force, and the interlaminar shear fatigue testing device is more in line with the actual situation compared with the prior art. Meanwhile, by adjusting the action frequency and amplitude of the vertical actuator 12 or the transverse actuator 13, the influence of different action frequencies and amplitudes on the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure 20 can be tested, so that the interlaminar shear fatigue life of a test piece, namely the double-layer composite structure 20, can be effectively tested.
It should be noted that the vertical actuator 12 and the lateral actuator 13 are servo actuators in this embodiment, and the frequency and amplitude of the action can be adjusted to test the effect of different frequencies and amplitudes on the interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure.
Alternatively, in a possible implementation, the test fixture 11 is formed with a first support 110 and a second support 111. The first support 110 and the second support 111 serve to position the lower structure 20b of the composite structure 20 in the lateral direction.
The first supporting portion 110 is located on one side of the composite structure 20 far away from the transverse actuator 13, the second supporting portion 111 is located on one side of the composite structure 20 close to the transverse actuator 13, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing device 10 further comprises an upper rubber mat 14 and a lower rubber mat 15, the upper rubber mat 14 and the lower rubber mat 15 are arranged on the first supporting portion 110 and are respectively used for abutting against an upper structure 20a and a lower structure 20b of the composite structure 20, and the rigidity of the lower rubber mat 15 is greater than that of the upper rubber mat 14.
Wherein the lower layer rubber mat 15 with higher rigidity arranged at the lower layer structure 20b plays a role in limiting and fixing the lower layer structure 20b, and the upper layer rubber mat 14 arranged at the upper layer structure 20a plays a role in buffering displacement sudden change during shearing damage between layers.
Optionally, in one possible implementation, the test tool 11 is provided with an elastic rubber pad 16, and the elastic rubber pad 16 is used for supporting the lower surface of the composite structure 20.
The elastic rubber pad 16 can simulate an elastic support and simultaneously prevent the lower part of the test piece from being in rigid contact with the test tool 11.
Optionally, in one possible implementation, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus 10 further comprises a rolling structure 17, wherein the rolling structure 17 is disposed at the executing end of the vertical actuator 12 and is used for acting on the upper surface of the composite structure 20.
Referring to FIG. 1, the rolling structure 17 includes a base 170 and a plurality of rollers 171, the base 170 is connected to the actuating end of the vertical actuator 12, the plurality of rollers 171 are rotatably disposed on the base 170 and are configured to act on the upper surface of the composite structure 20, and the plurality of rollers 171 are laterally spaced apart.
It should be noted that, the executing end of the vertical actuator 12 applies a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20 through the rolling structure 17, so that on one hand, the friction force of the vertical actuator 12 to the upper surface of the composite structure 20, that is, the upper surface of the upper layer structure 20a, can be eliminated, and on the other hand, the concentrated force of the vertical actuator 12 to the composite structure 20 can be dispersed, so that the vertical load is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the composite structure 20.
Optionally, in a possible implementation manner, the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus 10 further includes a displacement sensor 18, and the displacement sensor 18 is disposed on the testing tool 11 and is used for sensing displacement of the upper layer structure 20a and the lower layer structure 20b of the composite structure 20. Specifically, the number of the displacement sensors 18 is two, wherein one of the displacement sensors 18 is used for sensing the displacement of the upper layer structure 20a, and the other displacement sensor 18 is used for sensing the displacement of the upper layer structure 20 a.
When the upper displacement sensor 18 senses the sudden change of the displacement amount or the upper and lower displacement sensors 18 sense a large displacement difference, the interlayer shearing damage of the composite structure 20 can be considered to occur.
It should be noted that, this embodiment also provides a method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue, where the method uses the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus 10 provided above, and the testing method includes:
placing the composite structure 20 in the test tooling 11;
the vertical actuator 12 applies a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20;
the lateral actuators 13 apply lateral loads to the superstructure 20a of the composite structure 20.
Wherein the vertical actuator 12 applies a vertical load FN＝{FN1,FN2,FN3…, the transverse actuator 13 applies a transverse load until the composite structure 20 fails interlaminar, at which time the interlaminar shear load of the composite structure 20 is measured to be FS＝{FS1,FS2,FS3…, knowing the interlaminar bond area A, the interlaminar shear strength τ of the composite structure 20 under vertical forces is:
considering the coupling mode of vertical and lateral action, the interlaminar shear fatigue life can be tested by the test method described below in the following coupling mode:
one of the methods is as follows:
placing the composite structure 20 in the test tooling 11;
the vertical actuator 12 applies a vertical constant load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20;
the lateral actuators 13 apply lateral alternating loads to the superstructure 20a of the composite structure 20.
Wherein, the constant load is applyed to vertical actuator 12, and alternating load is applyed to horizontal actuator 13: when a certain vertical load is fixed, the acting amplitude or frequency of the transverse actuator 13 is changed, and the fatigue life of the interlaminar shear of the composite structure 20 under the fatigue action of different transverse amplitudes or transverse frequencies can be tested.
Wherein, the displacement sensor 18 senses the displacement of the upper layer 20a and the lower layer 20b, and the displacement of the upper layer 20a and the displacement of the lower layer 20b monitored by the displacement sensor 18The number of times of loading when the maximum value of the difference reached the threshold was taken as an evaluation parameter of fatigue life: constant vertical load and similar to F provided aboveN＝{FN1,FN2,FN3…, applying fatigue load to the transverse actuator 13, adjusting the fatigue parameter of the transverse actuator 13 according to the interlaminar shear strength value tau obtained by the test, so that the stress amplitude M is alpha tau, alpha is epsilon (0, 1), the action frequency is f, and the loading frequency N when the maximum value of the difference between the displacement of the upper layer structure 20a and the displacement of the lower layer structure 20b monitored by the displacement sensor 18 reaches the threshold value is taken as the evaluation parameter of the fatigue life. The interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure 20 under the conditions that the vertical actuator 12 applies constant load and the transverse actuator 13 applies alternating load with different parameters can be obtained.
One of the methods is as follows:
placing the composite structure 20 in the test tooling 11;
the vertical actuator 12 applies a vertical alternating load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20;
the lateral actuators 13 apply a laterally constant load to the superstructure 20a of the composite structure 20.
In the same way as the vertical actuator 12 applies a constant load and the lateral actuator 13 applies an alternating load as described above, the method applies a constant load to the lateral actuator 13 and the vertical actuator 12 applies an alternating load: when a transverse load is fixed, the acting amplitude or frequency of the vertical actuator 12 is changed, and the fatigue life of interlaminar shear of the composite structure 20 under the fatigue action of different vertical amplitudes or vertical frequencies can be tested.
One of the methods is as follows:
placing the composite structure 20 in the test tooling 11;
the vertical actuator 12 applies a vertical alternating load to the upper surface of the composite structure 20;
the lateral actuators 13 apply lateral alternating loads to the superstructure 20a of the composite structure 20.
The vertical actuator 12 and the transverse actuator 13 simultaneously apply alternating loads: the vertical actuator 12 and the transverse actuator 13 apply alternating loads with the same frequency and the same initial phase at the same time, and the fatigue life of the interlaminar shear of the composite structure 20 under the bidirectional fatigue coupling effect can be tested.
The loading times when the displacement sensors 18 sense the displacement amounts of the upper layer structure 20a and the lower layer structure 20b and the maximum value of the difference between the displacement of the upper layer structure 20a and the displacement of the lower layer structure 20b monitored by the displacement sensors 18 reaches a threshold value are used as the evaluation parameters of the fatigue life: the fatigue loads with the same frequency and the same initial phase are applied to the vertical actuator 12 and the transverse actuator 13, the fatigue parameters of the vertical actuator 12 and the transverse actuator 13 are adjusted according to the interlaminar shear strength value tau obtained by the test, the stress amplitude M is enabled to be alpha tau, alpha belongs to (0, 1), the action frequency is enabled to be f, and the loading times N when the maximum value of the difference between the displacement of the upper layer structure 20a and the displacement of the lower layer structure 20b, which is monitored by the displacement sensor 18, reaches the threshold value are used as the evaluation parameters of the fatigue life. The interlaminar shear fatigue life of the composite structure 20 under the condition that the vertical actuator 12 and the transverse actuator 13 apply the same frequency, the same initial phase, different amplitude values and different frequency fatigue parameters can be obtained.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an interlaminar shear fatigue test device, its test object is bilayer's composite construction, its characterized in that includes:
the test tool is used for placing the composite structure and positioning the lower layer structure of the composite structure;
a vertical actuator for applying a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure; and
and the transverse actuator is used for applying transverse load to the side face of the upper layer structure of the composite structure.
2. The interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1,
the test tool is provided with a first supporting part and a second supporting part;
the first and second supports are used to laterally position an underlying structure of the composite structure.
3. The interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus of claim 2,
first supporting part is located the combined structure is kept away from one side of transverse actuator, the second supporting part is located the combined structure is close to one side of transverse actuator, shearing fatigue test device still includes upper rubber mat and lower floor's rubber mat between layer, the upper rubber mat with lower floor's rubber mat locates first supporting part, and be used for the butt respectively the upper structure and the lower structure of combined structure, the rigidity of lower floor's rubber mat is greater than the rigidity of upper rubber mat.
4. The interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1,
the test tool is provided with an elastic rubber mat, and the elastic rubber mat is used for supporting the lower surface of the composite structure.
5. The interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1,
the interlaminar shear fatigue test device also comprises a rolling structure, wherein the rolling structure is arranged at the execution end of the vertical actuator and is used for acting on the upper surface of the composite structure;
the rolling structure includes base member and a plurality of gyro wheel, the base member connect in vertical actuator's execution end, a plurality of gyro wheels are rotationally located the base member just is used for acting on composite construction's upper surface, a plurality of gyro wheels set up along horizontal interval.
6. The interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus of claim 1,
the interlaminar shear fatigue test device further comprises a displacement sensor, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged in the test tool and used for sensing the displacement of the upper layer and the lower layer of the composite structure.
7. A method of testing interlaminar shear fatigue, using the interlaminar shear fatigue testing apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
placing the composite structure in a test tool;
applying a vertical load to the upper surface of the composite structure by the vertical actuator;
the lateral actuators apply lateral loads to the superstructure of the composite structure.
8. The method of testing interlaminar shear fatigue of claim 7,
vertical load is applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, includes:
the vertical actuator applies a vertical constant load to the upper surface of the composite structure;
the lateral actuator applies a lateral load to an upper layer of the composite structure, and comprises:
the lateral actuator applies a lateral alternating load to the superstructure of the composite structure.
9. The method of testing interlaminar shear fatigue of claim 7,
vertical load is applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, includes:
the vertical actuator applies vertical alternating load to the upper surface of the composite structure;
the lateral actuator applies a lateral load to an upper layer of the composite structure, and comprises:
the lateral actuator applies a lateral constant load to the superstructure of the composite structure.
10. The method of testing interlaminar shear fatigue of claim 7,
vertical load is applyed to composite construction's upper surface to vertical actuator, includes:
the vertical actuator applies vertical alternating load to the upper surface of the composite structure; the lateral actuator applies a lateral load to an upper layer of the composite structure, and comprises:
the lateral actuator applies a lateral alternating load to the superstructure of the composite structure.
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| CN201911172070.4A CN110726626A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Interlaminar shear fatigue test device and method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue |
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| CN201911172070.4A CN110726626A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Interlaminar shear fatigue test device and method for testing interlaminar shear fatigue |
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