CN110726320A - Electric heating protective sleeve for solid electric heat storage furnace - Google Patents
Electric heating protective sleeve for solid electric heat storage furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110726320A CN110726320A CN201910947486.2A CN201910947486A CN110726320A CN 110726320 A CN110726320 A CN 110726320A CN 201910947486 A CN201910947486 A CN 201910947486A CN 110726320 A CN110726320 A CN 110726320A
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 and at the same time Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
一种固体电蓄炉用保护套管，涉及一种利用电能转换成热能，存储在固体蓄热材料中，然后利用空气取出储蓄的热能，去加热锅炉中的水向外供出热水或蒸汽的系统。所述的固体电蓄炉用保护套管包括：（1）将电热元件放置在电热保护套管中，电热保护套管安装在电热通道中，取代现有技术中把蓄热材料当成绝缘材料，直接接触安装，或者外带有金属套管的电热棒的方案；（2）电热保护套管由陶瓷管和绝缘环组成；（3）电热元件与陶瓷管接触安装，陶瓷管沿长度方向开孔若干，陶瓷管作用主要是耐高温，与固体蓄热材料隔离；（4）绝缘环套装在陶瓷管外，沿陶瓷管长度方向两个以上将陶瓷管与固体蓄热材料隔离，主要作用是高温下良好绝缘。本发明的优点在于降低电蓄热炉制造及运行成本，提高了电热元件的寿命与可靠性。
A protective casing for a solid electric storage furnace relates to a kind of protective casing that converts electric energy into heat energy, stores it in a solid heat storage material, and then uses the air to take out the stored heat energy to heat the water in the boiler and supply hot water or steam to the outside. system. The protection sleeve for the solid electric storage furnace includes: (1) placing the electric heating element in the electric heating protection sleeve, and the electric heating protection sleeve is installed in the electric heating channel, instead of using the heat storage material as the insulating material in the prior art, Direct contact installation, or the solution of an electric heating rod with a metal sleeve outside; (2) The electric heating protection sleeve is composed of a ceramic tube and an insulating ring; (3) The electric heating element is installed in contact with the ceramic tube, and the ceramic tube is opened along the length direction. The main function of the ceramic tube is to withstand high temperature and isolate it from the solid heat storage material; (4) The insulating ring is sleeved outside the ceramic tube, and two or more along the length of the ceramic tube isolate the ceramic tube from the solid heat storage material. The main function is high temperature. Under good insulation. The advantages of the invention lie in that the manufacturing and operation costs of the electric regenerative furnace are reduced, and the service life and reliability of the electric heating element are improved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种固体电蓄热炉装置，特别是涉及一种利用电能转换成热能，存储在固体蓄热材料中，然后利用空气取出储蓄的热能，去加热锅炉中的水向外供出热水或蒸汽的系统。The invention relates to a solid electric regenerative furnace device, in particular to a device that converts electrical energy into thermal energy, stores it in a solid thermal storage material, and then uses air to take out the stored thermal energy to heat the water in the boiler and supply hot water to the outside or steam systems.
背景技术Background technique
随着人民生活水平的提高，供电峰谷差逐年加大，给电网运行带来很大的困难和经济损失。为了缓解这一矛盾，我国电力部门制定了相关的用电引导政策，即：在用电低谷时段，电价格较低；在用电高峰时段，电价格较高，鼓励低谷时段用电。固体电蓄热炉装置就是在此背景下出现的技术方案，在用电低谷时段，将电能转换成热能的储备，当用电高峰时段可以使用该储备的热能，持续向采暖系统或者生活热水系统释放，从而缓解用电高峰时段的用电压力。With the improvement of people's living standards, the difference between the peak and valley of power supply increases year by year, which brings great difficulties and economic losses to the operation of the power grid. In order to alleviate this contradiction, my country's power sector has formulated relevant electricity guidance policies, that is, electricity prices are lower during low electricity consumption periods; electricity prices are higher during peak electricity consumption periods, and electricity consumption during low electricity consumption periods is encouraged. The solid electric regenerative furnace device is a technical solution that appears in this context. During the low electricity consumption period, the electric energy is converted into thermal energy reserve. During the peak electricity consumption period, the stored thermal energy can be used to continuously supply the heating system or domestic hot water to the heating system. The system is released, thereby alleviating the electricity consumption pressure during peak electricity consumption hours.
典型的固体电蓄热炉内部结构如图1所示。各种型式和结构的蓄热砖堆砌成固体蓄热体材料，与此同时，蓄热材料上也形成了风道和电热通道。风道中循环风通过与蓄热体材料热量交换，不断将蓄热材料中的热取出。The internal structure of a typical solid electric regenerative furnace is shown in Figure 1. Various types and structures of heat storage bricks are stacked into solid heat storage body materials, and at the same time, air ducts and electric heating channels are also formed on the heat storage materials. The circulating air in the air duct continuously removes the heat in the heat storage material by exchanging heat with the heat storage body material.
电热通道布置用于电热元件，利用低电价时段的谷电，以较大的电功率将电能转换成热能，加热固体蓄热材料到一个较高的温度，存储热能。现有技术方案中，电热通道中布置的电热元件通常如图2中的裸漏的螺旋电热丝和内装有高纯度氧化镁绝缘材料，外带有金属套管的电热棒两种型式。存在的问题是：（1）裸漏的螺旋电热丝与固体电蓄热材料直接接触，固体电蓄热材料兼具蓄热与绝缘两种性能，一般固体电蓄热材料超过400～500℃时，绝缘性能大大下降，在高电压下，固体电蓄热材料600～800℃时经常出现固体电蓄热材料成为导体短路，电热元件与固体电蓄热材料烧熔，设备损坏事故；（2）现有技术中蓄热材料普遍采用的是镁砖，镁砖高温下的绝缘性能主要取决于其中氧化镁的纯度，高纯度的镁砖制作成本高，由于需要的蓄热材料量大，品质无法保证；（3）内装有高纯度氧化镁绝缘材料，外带有金属套管的电热棒虽然将电热元件与固体蓄热材料电气绝缘隔离开了，但大大地增加了电热元件与固体蓄热材料的热阻，很难将蓄热材料加热到高温，经常出现高温下，电热棒本体烧熔事故。The electric heating channel is arranged for the electric heating element, which uses the valley electricity in the low electricity price period to convert the electric energy into heat energy with a larger electric power, heat the solid heat storage material to a higher temperature, and store the heat energy. In the prior art solution, the electric heating elements arranged in the electric heating channel are usually two types: a bare spiral heating wire as shown in FIG. 2 and an electric heating rod with a high-purity magnesium oxide insulating material inside and a metal sleeve outside. The existing problems are: (1) The exposed spiral heating wire is in direct contact with the solid electric heat storage material. The solid electric heat storage material has both heat storage and insulation properties. Generally, when the solid electric heat storage material exceeds 400-500 °C , the insulation performance is greatly reduced. Under high voltage, when the solid electric heat storage material is 600 ~ 800 ℃, the solid electric heat storage material often becomes a short circuit of the conductor, and the electric heating element and the solid electric heat storage material are fused, and equipment damage accidents; (2) In the prior art, magnesia bricks are generally used as heat storage materials. The insulation performance of magnesia bricks at high temperatures mainly depends on the purity of magnesia. High-purity magnesia bricks are expensive to manufacture. Guarantee; (3) The electric heating rod with high-purity magnesium oxide insulating material inside and metal sleeve outside electrically insulates the electric heating element and the solid heat storage material, but greatly increases the electric heating element and the solid heat storage material. Due to the high thermal resistance, it is difficult to heat the heat storage material to a high temperature, and the heating rod body is often burned and melted under high temperature.
以上，影响了固体电蓄热炉最高蓄热温度，限制了蓄热电压等级，增加了蓄热成本。The above factors affect the maximum thermal storage temperature of the solid electric thermal storage furnace, limit the thermal storage voltage level, and increase the thermal storage cost.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种固体电蓄热炉用电热保护套管，该方案有别于现有技术的特征在于：（1）将电热元件放置在电热保护套管中，电热保护套管安装在电热通道中，取代现有技术中把蓄热材料当成绝缘材料，直接接触安装，或者外带有金属套管的电热棒的方案；（2）电热保护套管由陶瓷管和绝缘环组成；（3）电热元件与陶瓷管接触安装，陶瓷管沿长度方向开孔若干，有利于电热元件的散热。陶瓷管可以是高纯度氧化铝等具有高温强度，一定的高温绝缘性能，价格适当的材料制成，陶瓷管作用主要是耐高温，与固体蓄热材料隔离；（4）绝缘环套装在陶瓷管外，沿陶瓷管长度方向两个以上将陶瓷管与固体蓄热材料隔离，主要作用是高温下良好绝缘，绝缘环可以是高温下绝缘性能好的氮化硼等特种陶瓷材料制成。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric heating protection sleeve for a solid electric regenerative furnace. This solution is different from the prior art in that: (1) the electric heating element is placed in the electric heating protection sleeve, and the electric heating protection sleeve is installed In the electric heating channel, instead of using the heat storage material as an insulating material in the prior art, the solution of direct contact installation, or an electric heating rod with a metal sleeve outside; (2) The electric heating protection sleeve is composed of a ceramic tube and an insulating ring; (3) The electric heating element is installed in contact with the ceramic tube, and the ceramic tube has several holes along the length direction, which is conducive to the heat dissipation of the electric heating element. The ceramic tube can be made of high-purity alumina and other materials with high-temperature strength, certain high-temperature insulation performance, and appropriate price. The main function of the ceramic tube is to withstand high temperature and isolate it from the solid heat storage material; In addition, the ceramic tube is isolated from the solid heat storage material by more than two along the length of the ceramic tube, and the main function is to provide good insulation at high temperature. The insulating ring can be made of special ceramic materials such as boron nitride with good insulation performance at high temperature.
本发明的核心是：解耦了高温下高电压绝缘与导热问题。电热保护套管中的陶瓷管耐高温，陶瓷管上开孔，散热好，但高温绝缘性能一般，材料成本较低，需要量大；电热保护套管中的绝缘环高温绝缘性能高，材料成本高，但需要量少。The core of the present invention is: decoupling the problems of high voltage insulation and heat conduction at high temperature. The ceramic tube in the electric heating protection sleeve is resistant to high temperature, with holes on the ceramic tube and good heat dissipation, but the high temperature insulation performance is general, the material cost is low, and the demand is large; the insulating ring in the electric heating protection sleeve has high high temperature insulation performance and material cost. high, but in small quantities.
本发明的优点与效果是：（1）提高了电蓄热炉中最高蓄热温度，这将大大降低固体蓄热材料用量，降低电蓄热炉制造成本；（2）固体蓄热材料只考虑其蓄热与耐高温特性，可采用普通的耐火材料甚至鹅卵石等廉价材质，无需考虑蓄热材料的绝缘性能，这也大大降低电蓄热炉制造成本；（3）高温下良好的绝缘性能，可采用高等级电压电热转换，减少变压增容等设备费用及线损等运行费用；（4）提高了电热元件的寿命与可靠性。The advantages and effects of the invention are as follows: (1) the maximum heat storage temperature in the electric heat storage furnace is increased, which will greatly reduce the amount of solid heat storage material and the manufacturing cost of the electric heat storage furnace; (2) the solid heat storage material only considers Its heat storage and high temperature resistance characteristics can be made of ordinary refractory materials or even cheap materials such as pebbles, without considering the insulation performance of the heat storage material, which also greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the electric heat storage furnace; (3) Good insulation performance at high temperature, High-level voltage electric-heat conversion can be used to reduce equipment costs such as voltage transformation and capacity increase and operating costs such as line losses; (4) Improve the life and reliability of electric heating elements.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1固体电蓄热炉内部结构示意图，其中1:风道；2 蓄热砖；3 电热通道。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a solid electric regenerative furnace, wherein 1: air duct; 2 regenerative brick; 3 electric heating channel.
图2和图3现有技术电热通道中电热元件方案示意图其中4:接线柱；5 墙头；6 电热丝 7 金属管 8 氧化镁粉。2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of the electric heating element scheme in the electric heating channel of the prior art, wherein 4: terminal; 5 wall head; 6 electric heating wire 7 metal tube 8 magnesium oxide powder.
图4本发明电热通道中电热元件方案示意图；9:陶瓷管；10绝缘环。4 is a schematic diagram of the electric heating element scheme in the electric heating channel of the present invention; 9: ceramic tube; 10 insulating ring.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图所示实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行完整地描述。本发明提出了一种新型的电热元件保护套管，将现有技术电热通道中的裸漏电热元件与固体蓄热材料隔离开，替代现有技术中内装有高纯度氧化镁绝缘材料，外带有金属套管的电热棒的方案。本发明提出的电热保护套管有陶瓷管和绝缘环组成，其结构如图3所示。一个陶瓷管，陶瓷管沿长度方向开孔若干，裸漏电热元件被套装在陶瓷管内，陶瓷管可由价格适当的高纯度氧化铝等材质制成。陶瓷管作用是将电热元件与蓄热材料隔离且具有良好的散热性能，陶瓷管材料的要求是高温强度大；绝缘环套装在陶瓷管外，沿陶瓷管长度方向两个以上将陶瓷管与固体蓄热材料隔离，主要作用是高温下良好绝缘，绝缘环可以是高温下绝缘性能好的氮化硼等特种陶瓷材料制成。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be completely described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The invention proposes a new type of electric heating element protection sleeve, which isolates the bare leakage electric heating element in the electric heating channel of the prior art from the solid heat storage material, and replaces the high-purity magnesium oxide insulating material in the prior art, and the outer Scheme of a heating rod with a metal sleeve. The electric heating protection sleeve proposed by the present invention is composed of a ceramic tube and an insulating ring, and its structure is shown in FIG. 3 . A ceramic tube, the ceramic tube has a number of holes along the length direction, the bare leakage electric heating element is sheathed in the ceramic tube, and the ceramic tube can be made of high-purity alumina and other materials with appropriate price. The function of the ceramic tube is to isolate the electric heating element from the heat storage material and has good heat dissipation performance. The requirement of the ceramic tube material is high temperature strength; the insulating ring is sleeved outside the ceramic tube, and the ceramic tube and solid The main function of thermal storage material isolation is good insulation at high temperature, and the insulating ring can be made of special ceramic materials such as boron nitride with good insulation performance at high temperature.
本发明解耦了高温下高电压绝缘与导热问题。电热保护套管中的陶瓷管耐高温，陶瓷管上开孔，散热好，但高温绝缘性能一般，材料成本较低，需要量大；电热保护套管中的绝缘环高温绝缘性能高，材料成本高，但需要量少。The present invention decouples the problems of high voltage insulation and heat conduction at high temperatures. The ceramic tube in the electric heating protection sleeve is resistant to high temperature, with holes on the ceramic tube and good heat dissipation, but the high temperature insulation performance is general, the material cost is low, and the demand is large; the insulating ring in the electric heating protection sleeve has high high temperature insulation performance and material cost. high, but in small quantities.
以上所述，仅为本发明的一个具体实施案例，但本发明保护的范围并不局限于此。在固体电蓄热炉中，任何耐高温的其它陶瓷材料，高温下绝缘性能好的绝缘环组成的电热保护套管结构技术方案都在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a specific implementation case of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. In the solid electric regenerative furnace, any other ceramic materials with high temperature resistance, and the technical scheme of the electric heating protection sleeve composed of the insulating ring with good insulation performance at high temperature are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| EP1282341A2 (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-02-05 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Ceramic heater and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN103002612A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-27 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Built-in porous heater |
| CN202859429U (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-04-10 | 佛山市顺德区美美创新电器有限公司 | Electric heating hand warmer with ceramic electric heating substrate |
| JP2018073657A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-10 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Heating element |
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Application publication date: 20200124 |