CN110725318B

CN110725318B - Pile lifter

Info

Publication number: CN110725318B
Application number: CN201910867432.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许剑; 郑广晶; 张炜; 应宏伟; 葛健玮; 黄俊鹏; 蒋洪青; 汤春俊; 徐志勇; 张国纲; 汤良道; 唐侃; 肖克谦; 杨迎珍; 单卫东
Original assignee: Jinhua Power Transmission And Distribution Engineering Co ltd; State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd; Jinhua Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinhua Power Transmission And Distribution Engineering Co ltd; State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd; Jinhua Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-12
Filing date: 2019-09-12
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-12
Also published as: CN110725318A

Abstract

The invention discloses a pile lifter which comprises a support, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a clamp, wherein the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are communicated, the clamp comprises a pile lifting clamp connected with an output mechanism of the second oil cylinder and a one-way clamp for preventing a steel chisel from falling back, and a knocking mechanism for knocking the steel chisel is arranged below the clamp.

Description

Pile lifter

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a pile lifter.

Background

In various construction processes of erecting a tower, laying a circuit, maintaining and the like of an electric power system, various piling operations are needed, a steel chisel with the diameter of 48mm and the length of 1.45m needs to be driven into the ground, geology can be soil, rocks and the like, and a gasoline pile driver is generally adopted to drive the steel chisel into the ground through continuous vibration. The problem is that the steel drill rod is easy to remove and difficult to take out, and the steel drill rod can be pulled out of the ground after being loosened by continuously beating the steel drill rod by a heavy hammer. The labor intensity of the operation is high, and the lifting is difficult. The existing pile-pulling equipment, for example, a "hydraulic pile-pulling machine" disclosed in chinese patent literature, has a publication number CN204418180U, and includes a hydraulic machine body, a lifting support, a lifting cylinder, a lifting guide rail, a lifting arm and a steel pipe, wherein the lifting support, the lifting cylinder and the lifting guide rail are all arranged on the hydraulic machine body, the lifting arm is connected with a hammer follower frame, a connection support and a hydraulic fixing frame are fixed on one side of the hammer follower frame, the hydraulic hammer is arranged in the hydraulic fixing frame, the lower end of the connection support is hinged with a connecting plate near one third of the connecting ring, and the lower end of the connecting ring is connected with a taper rod and a taper sleeve; and the hydraulic machine body is also provided with a lighting lamp. Such pile lifting equipment often relies on the rising mechanism to extract the drill steel etc. and need strike the drill steel by the manual work at the pulling in-process, makes its and earth separation, and its efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pile extractor, which aims to solve the problem that the existing pile extractor can not realize automatic knocking of a steel chisel in the process of pulling the steel chisel to separate a rod body from soil, and can knock the steel chisel by a machine in the process of pulling the steel chisel to enable the steel chisel to be pulled out more easily.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a pile lifter comprises a support, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a clamp, wherein the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder is communicated with the second oil cylinder, the clamp comprises a pile lifting clamp connected with an output mechanism of the second oil cylinder and a one-way clamp for preventing a steel chisel from falling back, a knocking mechanism for knocking the steel chisel is arranged below the clamp, the knocking mechanism comprises a shifting wheel, a plurality of shifting rods arranged on the shifting wheel, a knocking rod for shifting the shifting rods, a knocking disc and a hydraulic motor for driving the knocking disc to rotate, through holes for penetrating the steel chisel are respectively arranged in the middle of the shifting wheel and the middle of the knocking disc, the shifting rods are hinged with the shifting wheels, the knocking rod is fixedly connected with the knocking disc, a base plate for supporting the knocking disc is arranged at the lower end of the knocking disc, the knocking disc is rotatably connected with the base plate, the hydraulic motor is respectively communicated with the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder, the knocking disc is in transmission connection with the hydraulic motor, and the base plate and the shifting wheel are respectively fixedly connected with the support. In various construction processes of erecting a tower, laying a circuit, maintaining and the like of an electric power system, various piling operations are needed, a steel chisel with the diameter of 48mm and the length of 1.45m needs to be driven into the ground, geology can be soil, rocks and the like, and a gasoline pile driver is generally adopted to drive the steel chisel into the ground through continuous vibration. The problem is that the steel drill rod is easy to remove and difficult to take out, and the steel drill rod can be pulled out of the ground after being loosened by continuously beating the steel drill rod by a heavy hammer. The labor intensity of the operation is high, and the lifting is difficult. Consequently this scheme has integrateed to extract the drill rod and has rocked the mechanism that the drill rod made its and earth separation on every side, utilizes hydraulic cylinder's drive for it is more convenient to extract of drill rod. The pile-lifting clamp has the advantages that the inclined plane between the first sliding block and the second sliding block is utilized to drive the steel rod to lift when the pile-lifting clamp lifts, the pile-lifting clamp can be separated from the steel rod temporarily when the output mechanism of the second oil cylinder descends, and the steel rod is locked in one direction by the one-way clamp to maintain the lifting height of the previous section and does not fall under the influence of gravity along with the separation of the pile-lifting clamp. The knocking mechanism is used for enabling the steel drill to be stripped from soil on the inner wall of the hole through shaking of the steel drill, and therefore the steel drill can be pulled out more easily. Under hydraulic motor's drive, strike the dish and rotate round the drill rod on the base plate, strike the pole of knocking on the dish and rotate thereupon, strike the pole when the process driving lever, stir the driving lever and make the other end of driving lever strike the drill rod, at the in-process of strikeing, the pole body of drill rod takes place to vibrate, at the vibration in-process, the drill rod is separated with the earth in the hole.

Preferably, the pile driving clamp comprises a first sleeve connected with an output mechanism of the second oil cylinder, two first sliding blocks and two second sliding blocks for fixing the drill steel, the two first sliding blocks and the two second sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the first sleeve, the first sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the first sleeve, the two second sliding blocks are respectively connected with the corresponding first sliding blocks in a sliding mode through sliding grooves, an inclined surface structure used for changing the distance between the two second sliding blocks is arranged between the second sliding blocks and the first sliding blocks, and a first spring used for providing pre-tightening force is arranged between the two second sliding blocks. The inclined plane of the first sliding block is matched with the second sliding block, when the first sliding block rises along with the sleeve, the second sliding block is extruded to the steel rod direction under the extrusion of the inclined plane, and the steel rod is clamped tightly by the two second sliding blocks, so that the steel rod rises along with the pile lifting clamp under the action of friction force. When the pile lifting clamp descends, the second sliding blocks are gradually far away from the steel drill rod along with the inclined surface, the pressure of the two second sliding blocks for clamping the steel drill rod is not enough to provide enough friction force, and the pile lifting clamp is separated from the steel drill rod.

Preferably, the one-way clip comprises a second sleeve fixedly connected with the bracket, a third slider and a fourth slider for fixing the drill rod, the number of the third slider and the number of the fourth slider are two respectively, the two third sliders are arranged on the inner wall of the second sleeve respectively, the third slider and the second sleeve are fixedly connected, the two fourth sliders are respectively connected with the corresponding third sliders in a sliding mode through sliding grooves, an inclined surface structure for changing the distance between the two fourth sliders is arranged between the fourth slider and the third slider, and a second spring for providing pre-tightening force is arranged between the two fourth sliders. The one-way locking function of the one-way clamp enables the steel rod to rise and cannot fall, so that when the output mechanism of the second oil cylinder falls, the steel rod can maintain the rising height of the previous stage and cannot fall back.

Preferably, the plurality of shift levers are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the shift wheel. The driving lever is equidistantly arranged on the shifting wheel, and when the knocking rod rotates for one circle along with the knocking wheel, the steel rod is knocked in all directions, so that the effect of separating the steel rod from the soil is more obvious. Meanwhile, when the steel chisel is uniformly knocked in all directions, the inner wall of the hole around the steel chisel is separated from the chisel body due to self vibration, the inner diameter of the hole is enlarged, and the steel chisel is more easily pulled out of the hole.

Preferably, two third springs are arranged between the shifting lever and the shifting wheel, and the two third springs are respectively positioned on two sides of the shifting lever. The two third springs respectively pull the shifting lever from two directions, so that the knocking rod rotates along two directions along with the knocking disc and knocks the shifting lever, and the shifting lever can normally reset.

Preferably, return springs for returning are respectively arranged between the output mechanisms of the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder and the cylinder body. The return spring is used for enabling the first oil cylinder to be pressed into the second oil cylinder to enable hydraulic oil to flow back, and the second oil cylinder output mechanism is ready to ascend next time.

Preferably, a thrust bearing is arranged between the knocking disc and the base plate, and the knocking disc and the base plate are rotatably connected through the thrust bearing. Reduce the friction between the base plate and the knocking disc when rotating.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the rod body of the drill rod can be knocked mechanically in the process of pulling the drill rod, so that the rod body of the drill rod is separated from soil, and the drill rod is convenient to pull out; (2) the rod body of the drill rod can be knocked in the circumferential direction, so that the inner wall of the hole where the drill rod is located is enlarged, and the drill rod is convenient to pull out.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top sectional view of the pile driving clamp according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of the one-way clutch of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the striking mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic elevation view of the striking mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a support 2, a one-way clamp 3, a steel chisel 4, a pile lifting clamp 5, a base plate 6, a knocking mechanism 7, a first oil cylinder 8, a return spring 9, a second oil cylinder 10, a first sleeve 11, a first slide block 12, a second slide block 13, a first spring 14, a second sleeve 15, a third slide block 16, a fourth slide block 17, a second spring 18, a knocking disc 19, a knocking rod 20, a driving disc 21, a third spring 22, a driving lever 23, a hydraulic motor 24 and a liquid pipeline.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

Examples

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the pile lifter is provided with a one-way clamp 2, a pile lifting clamp 4 and a knocking mechanism 6 from top to bottom, and a hydraulic oil cylinder for providing power is arranged on one side of the knocking mechanism 6. The second sleeve 14 of one-way clamp 2 welds on support 1, the welding has two third sliders 15 on the inner wall of second sleeve 14, these two third sliders 15 symmetry respectively set up at telescopic a diameter both ends, the one end terminal surface that third slider 15 is close to the sleeve center is the inclined plane structure, the spout in trapezoidal cross-section has been seted up on the inclined plane structure, the inclined plane structure one end of third slider 15 is pasted and has been leaned on fourth slider 16, the one end terminal surface corresponding position that fourth slider 16 and third slider 15 laminated is equipped with the slide rail, the slide rail cross-section is trapezoidal equally, in the slide rail embedding spout, fourth slider 16 relies on the cooperation sliding connection of spout and slide rail with third slider 15, the other end of fourth slider 16 is equipped with the recess, the recess direction is parallel with the axial direction of second sleeve 14, be equipped with second spring 17 between two fourth sliders 16.

The first sleeve 10 of the pile pulling clamp 4 is connected with the output mechanism of the second oil cylinder 9 through a bolt, two first sliding blocks 11 are welded on the inner wall of the first sleeve 10, the two first sliding blocks 11 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the diameter of the sleeve respectively, one end face, close to the center of the sleeve, of each first sliding block 11 is of an inclined plane structure, a sliding groove with a trapezoidal section is formed in the inclined plane structure, one end of the inclined plane structure of each first sliding block 11 is attached to a second sliding block 12, a sliding rail is arranged at the position, corresponding to the end face, of one end, attached to the first sliding block 11, of each second sliding block 12, the cross section of each sliding rail is also trapezoidal, the sliding rails are embedded into the sliding grooves, the second sliding blocks 12 are connected with the first sliding blocks 11 in a sliding mode through the sliding grooves and the sliding rails in a matched mode, grooves are formed in the other ends of the second sliding blocks.

One end of a base plate 5 and one end of a drive plate 20 of the knocking mechanism 6 are fixed on the bracket 1, the upper end surface of the base plate 5 is provided with a knocking disc 18, the knocking disc 18 is rotatably connected with the base plate 5 through a thrust bearing, a knocking rod 19 is welded on the knocking disc 18, four shift levers 22 are hinged to the upper end face of the dial plate 20, the four shift levers 22 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the dial plate 20, two third springs 21 are arranged on two sides of a lever body of each shift lever 22, each third spring 21 is connected with the shift lever 22 and the dial plate 20, one end, close to the edge of the dial plate 20, of each shift lever 22 is in contact with the knocking lever 19, gear teeth are arranged on the edge of the knocking plate 18, the knocking plate 18 is in transmission connection with the output end of the hydraulic motor 23 through meshing of the gear teeth, the hydraulic motor 23 is fixed on the support 1, one liquid pipeline 24 on the hydraulic motor 23 is communicated with the first oil cylinder 7, and the other liquid pipeline.

The first oil cylinder 7 and the second oil cylinder 9 are communicated with each other, the first oil cylinder 7 and the second oil cylinder 9 are fixed on the support 1, and return springs 8 for returning are respectively arranged between the output mechanisms of the first oil cylinder 7 and the second oil cylinder 9 and the cylinder body.

When the steel chisel 3 needs to be pulled out of the hole, the bracket 1 is fixed on the ground, and the steel chisel 3 passes through the grooves in the one-way clamp 2 and the pile pulling clamp 4, so that under the pulling of the first spring 13 and the second spring 17, the steel chisel 3 is wrapped by the two second sliding blocks 12 and the two third sliding blocks 15, and the steel chisel 3 simultaneously passes through the through hole between the knocking disc 18 and the driving disc 20. The first oil cylinder 7 is knocked by manpower or mechanical equipment, when an output mechanism of the first oil cylinder 7 is pressed down, a part of oil in the cylinder body is pressed into the cylinder body of the second oil cylinder 9, a part of oil enters the hydraulic motor 23 to drive the hydraulic motor 23 to rotate, finally flows into the second oil cylinder 9 through the liquid pipeline 24, the output mechanism of the second oil cylinder 9 is jacked up, at the moment, the first sleeve 10 of the pile lifting clamp 4 rises along with the rise of the first sleeve 10, the first sliding block 11 rises along with the rise of the first sleeve 10, and the two second sliding blocks 12 extrude the steel drill 3 from two directions through the extrusion of the inclined plane, so that the steel drill 3 rises along with the pile lifting clamp 4 under the action of friction force, and one-time extraction of the steel drill 3 is completed. Because hydraulic motor 23's drive at the in-process of extracting, strike the dish 18 and rotate round drill rod 3 thereupon, strike the pole 19 and pass through every driving lever 22 in proper order at the dish 18 rotation in-process of strikeing, strike the driving lever 22 and be close to the one end of driver plate 20 edge, make the driving lever 22 other end striking drill rod 3, cause rocking of drill rod 3, at the in-process of rocking, drill rod 3 will be around earth and the separation of pole body and expand the hole outward, make drill rod 3 and the separation of hole inner wall, be convenient for extracting of drill rod 3. When the knock is completed, the shift lever 22 is returned by the third spring 21.

Along with the removal of the acting force of the output mechanism end of the first oil cylinder 7, under the action of the return spring 8, the output mechanism of the first oil cylinder 7 rises, the output mechanism of the second oil cylinder 9 descends, oil flows back into the first oil cylinder 7, and in the process of backflow, the oil reversely flows through the hydraulic motor 23, so that the hydraulic motor 23 reversely drives the knocking disc 18 to rotate, and the knocking of the drill steel 3 in all directions is completed. In the descending process of the output mechanism of the second oil cylinder 9, the second sleeve 14 is fixed with the bracket 1, the fourth slide block 16 descends with the steel rod 3 under the action of friction force, the two fourth slide blocks 16 extrude the steel rod 3 under the action of the inclined plane of the third slide block 15, so that the friction force between the steel rod 3 and the fourth slide block 16 is increased, finally, the fourth slide block 16 cannot continuously descend under the action of the friction force, and the previous ascending height is basically maintained.

And (5) continuing to press down the output mechanism of the first oil cylinder 7 along with the completion of the resetting of the first oil cylinder 7 so as to further pull out the steel chisel 3, and repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the steel chisel 3 is completely pulled out.

Claims

1. A pile lifter comprises a support, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a clamp, and is characterized in that the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder is communicated with the second oil cylinder, the clamp comprises a pile lifting clamp connected with an output mechanism of the second oil cylinder and a one-way clamp for preventing a steel chisel from falling back, a knocking mechanism for knocking the steel chisel is arranged below the clamp, the knocking mechanism comprises a shifting wheel, a plurality of shifting rods arranged on the shifting wheel, a knocking rod for shifting the shifting rods, a knocking disc and a hydraulic motor for driving the knocking disc to rotate, through holes for penetrating the steel chisel are respectively arranged in the middle of the shifting wheel and the middle of the knocking disc, the shifting rods are hinged with the shifting wheels, the knocking rod is fixedly connected with the knocking disc, a base plate for supporting the knocking disc is arranged at the lower end of the knocking disc, the knocking disc is rotatably connected with the base plate, the hydraulic motor is respectively communicated with the first oil cylinder and, the knocking disc is in transmission connection with the hydraulic motor, and the base plate and the shifting wheel are respectively fixedly connected with the support.

2. The pile driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pile driver comprises a first sleeve connected to the output mechanism of the second cylinder, two first sliding blocks and two second sliding blocks for fixing the drill rod, the two first sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the first sleeve, the first sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the first sleeve, the two second sliding blocks are respectively connected with the corresponding first sliding blocks in a sliding mode through sliding grooves, an inclined surface structure for changing the distance between the two second sliding blocks is arranged between the second sliding blocks and the first sliding blocks, and a first spring for providing pre-tightening force is arranged between the two second sliding blocks.

3. The pile driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one-way clamp includes a second sleeve fixedly connected to the support, two third sliding blocks and two fourth sliding blocks for fixing the drill rod, the two third sliding blocks are respectively disposed on the inner wall of the second sleeve, the third sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the second sleeve, the two fourth sliding blocks are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding third sliding blocks through sliding grooves, a slope structure for changing the distance between the two fourth sliding blocks is disposed between the fourth sliding blocks and the third sliding blocks, and a second spring for providing a pre-tightening force is disposed between the two fourth sliding blocks.

4. A pile driver according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of drivers are arranged circumferentially and uniformly along the thumb wheel.

5. The pile driver according to claim 1, wherein two third springs are disposed between the shift lever and the shift wheel, and the two third springs are disposed on both sides of the shift lever.

6. The pile driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein return springs for returning are provided between the output mechanisms of the first and second cylinders and the cylinder body, respectively.

7. A pile driver according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a thrust bearing is provided between the striking plate and the base plate, and the striking plate and the base plate are rotatably connected by the thrust bearing.