CN110724315A - Lightning arrester insulating protective sleeve and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lightning arrester insulating protective sleeve and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110724315A CN110724315A CN201911007434.3A CN201911007434A CN110724315A CN 110724315 A CN110724315 A CN 110724315A CN 201911007434 A CN201911007434 A CN 201911007434A CN 110724315 A CN110724315 A CN 110724315A
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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Abstract
The invention discloses an insulating protective sleeve for a lightning arrester, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of natural rubber, 36-45 parts of modified carbon black, 4-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.6-2 parts of stearic acid, 1.2-2.4 parts of sulfur, 0.5-1 part of vulcanization accelerator and 0.8-1 part of anti-aging agent; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the insulating protective sleeve. According to the invention, natural rubber is used as a base material of the protective sleeve, and is processed, so that the mechanical property and the aging resistance of the natural rubber can be effectively improved; the rubber is reinforced by adopting the modified carbon black, so that the mechanical property of the protective sleeve can be improved; meanwhile, the fatigue life of the protective sleeve is prolonged by controlling the proportion of the sulfur and the vulcanization accelerator, the insulating protective sleeve with good mechanical property and strong aging resistance is obtained, and the protective sleeve is suitable for protecting the lightning arrester, improves the use safety of the lightning arrester, has longer service life and improves the use value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightning arrester protection, and particularly relates to an insulating protection sleeve for a lightning arrester and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In modern buildings, an arrester is a common device, also called a voltage limiter, which is a device that can release overvoltage energy and limit the magnitude of the overvoltage. When overvoltage occurs, the voltage between two terminals of the lightning arrester does not exceed a specified value, so that the electrical equipment is prevented from being damaged by the overvoltage; after the overvoltage action, the system can be quickly recovered to a normal state; an arrester is an electrical appliance that protects electrical equipment from atmospheric overvoltage; the lightning arrester is a device for protecting equipment of a transformer substation from being attacked by lightning shock waves. When the lightning impulse waves transmitted to the transformer substation along the line exceed the lightning arrester protection level, the lightning arrester firstly discharges, lightning current is safely led to the ground through a good conductor, and the amplitude of the lightning voltage is limited below the lightning impulse level of protected equipment by utilizing the grounding device, so that the electrical equipment is protected. At present, in a wire erection line, short-circuit faults are easily caused on the lightning arrester part due to the overlapping of foreign matters or small animals, the insulation protection of equipment contacts is not in place, and acid rain is easy to corrode the contacts, so that operation faults caused by the fact that the electrical contacts are exposed can cause personal injuries and deaths.
Chinese patent with patent number CN201610472264.6 discloses a novel arrester insulating protective cover, it includes right-angle shape protection casing body, right-angle shape protection casing body comprises horizontal installation section and perpendicular installation section, their integrated into one piece, the length ratio of perpendicular installation section and horizontal installation section is 1: (1-2), a cable mounting opening is formed in the end portion of the horizontal mounting section, and a lightning arrester mounting opening is formed in the end portion of the vertical mounting section. This protection casing can effectively protect the arrester, but because it adopts be that ordinary silicon rubber material makes, exposes for a long time under outdoor condition, and easy ageing, corruption, and then influence barrier propterty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an insulating protective sleeve of a lightning arrester and a preparation method thereof, wherein natural rubber is used as a base material of the protective sleeve and is processed, natural latex is subjected to vacuum treatment firstly, and then special natural rubber processing equipment is adopted for processing, so that the mechanical property and the aging resistance of the natural rubber can be effectively improved; the rubber is reinforced by adopting the modified carbon black, so that the mechanical property of the protective sleeve can be improved; meanwhile, the fatigue life of the protective sleeve is prolonged by controlling the proportion of the sulfur and the vulcanization accelerator, the protective sleeve is made of rubber, is insulated and accords with the use standard of the lightning arrester, the insulating protective sleeve with good mechanical property and strong aging resistance is obtained, and the protective sleeve is suitable for protecting the lightning arrester.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an arrester insulating protective sleeve is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of natural rubber, 36-45 parts of modified carbon black, 4-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.6-2 parts of stearic acid, 1.2-2.4 parts of sulfur, 0.5-1 part of vulcanization accelerator and 0.8-1 part of anti-aging agent;
the lightning arrester insulating protective sleeve is manufactured by the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 90-100 s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotation speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 60-65 s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 90-100 s, discharging rubber, passing on an open mill, discharging, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
Further, an SL9210 accelerator is adopted as the vulcanization accelerator, and the mass ratio of the sulfur to the vulcanization accelerator is 2.4: 1.
Further, the modified carbon black is prepared by the following method:
1) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, triethanolamine and ethylene glycol according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain an auxiliary agent;
2) mixing the auxiliary agent and the carbon black according to the mass ratio of 1:100, placing the mixture in a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling at 800r/min for 80min to obtain the modified carbon black.
Further, the natural rubber is prepared by the following steps:
1) taking fresh natural latex, regulating the latex concentration to be 26%, adding acetic acid, uniformly mixing, putting into a vacuum drying box, vacuumizing to-0.96 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 110 min and 116min, and taking out to obtain a clot;
2) placing the coagulum on a bearing bottom plate of the natural rubber processing device, enabling the coagulum to be positioned under a pressing block, starting a motor connected with a second round rod, and enabling the pressing block to do up-and-down reciprocating movement under the transmission action of a linkage mechanism to continuously press the coagulum until the thickness of the coagulum meets the requirement;
3) and (3) soaking the coagulum processed by the natural rubber processing device in water for 24h, fishing out, draining, and drying in an oven to obtain the natural rubber.
Further, the natural rubber processing device comprises a bearing device and a linkage device arranged on the bearing device;
the bearing device comprises a bearing bottom plate, a square frame body is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate through two stand columns, the square frame body comprises a first transverse plate, a second transverse plate, a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate, a limiting plate is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate, the limiting plate is located on one side of the first vertical plate, and a strip-shaped limiting groove arranged in the vertical direction is formed in the surface of the limiting plate; a side plate is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate and positioned on one side of the first vertical plate, and a fourth circular through hole is formed in the surface of the side plate;
the linkage device comprises a driven mechanism, a pressing mechanism and a driving mechanism;
the driven mechanism comprises a first shaft lever, the first shaft lever is arranged on the second transverse plate through a bearing, an inner threaded hole is formed in the surface of one end of the first shaft lever along the axial direction, and a first bevel gear is fixed on the peripheral side of the first shaft lever;
the pressing mechanism comprises a connecting plate, a threaded rod is fixed on the upper surface of the connecting plate and is installed in the first shaft lever, the threaded rod is in threaded fit with the internal threaded hole, limiting cylinders are fixed on the surfaces of two ends of the connecting plate through connecting columns and are in sliding fit with the stand columns, and pressing blocks are fixed on the lower surface of the connecting plate;
the driving mechanism comprises a second shaft rod, a third shaft rod is installed on a first vertical plate in a penetrating mode through a bearing, one end of the third shaft rod is fixed with a second bevel gear, the other end of the third shaft rod is fixed with a gear, the second bevel gear is meshed with a first bevel gear, the driving mechanism further comprises a rack, the rack is installed on a limiting plate in a sliding mode, the rack is meshed with the gear, the rack is movably connected with a disc through a connecting rod, two surfaces of the disc are respectively fixed with a first round rod and a second round rod, the first round rod is movably connected with the connecting rod, the second round rod is installed on a side plate in a penetrating mode through the bearing, and.
Furthermore, the first transverse plate is fixedly connected with the upright column, a first circular through hole is formed in the surface of the first transverse plate, the second transverse plate is parallel to the first transverse plate, a second circular through hole is formed in the surface of the second transverse plate, and a third circular through hole is formed in the surface of the first vertical plate.
Furthermore, the connecting column is fixed on the peripheral side of the limiting cylinder, and the limiting cylinder is axially arranged along the threaded rod.
Further, the distance between the axes of the first round rod and the second round rod and the disc axis is 2/3 of the disc radius, and the first round rod and the second round rod are respectively located on the disc diameter.
A preparation method of an insulating and protecting sleeve of a lightning arrester comprises the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 90-100 s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotation speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 60-65 s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 90-100 s, discharging rubber, passing on an open mill, discharging, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts natural rubber as the matrix material of the protective sleeve, processes the natural rubber, firstly carries out vacuum treatment on natural latex, then processes the natural latex by adopting special natural rubber processing equipment, and then dries the natural latex to obtain high-quality natural rubber; the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubber are determined by a vulcanized rubber network structure, the vulcanized rubber network structure is related to a molecular structure, a branching degree and a gel content, natural latex is expanded and solidified under the vacuum negative pressure environment to promote the movement of rubber molecular chains, the formation of a cross-linked network is facilitated, the cross-linked density is increased, and the tensile strength of the natural rubber is increased; in addition, the natural rubber obtained under the vacuum condition has high nitrogen content, so that the protein content is high, and the protein has a certain positive effect on the ageing resistance of the natural rubber, so that the ageing resistance of the natural rubber is improved; in addition, a specially-made natural rubber processing device is adopted for processing, so that most of moisture in the coagulum can be effectively pressed out, the drying efficiency of a subsequent drying oven is facilitated, moisture which is difficult to dry by the drying oven exists in the coagulum, the moisture can be removed through the processing device, and the quality of the natural rubber is improved;
the modified carbon black is added into the rubber material, and the carbon black is subjected to ultramicro grinding treatment by adopting an auxiliary agent, wherein the polar group hydroxyl of the ethylene glycol and the triethanolamine structure in the auxiliary agent contain-OH and-NH with stronger polarity2Adsorption and action are carried out on the surface of the carbon black to achieve the purposes of shielding electric charge and weakening strength, and the ultra-micronization of the carbon black is realized, so that the dispersion effect of the carbon black in a rubber system is improved; the rubber is uniformly dispersed in a rubber system, so that the mechanical property of the rubber can be effectively improved;
the vulcanization accelerator provided by the invention adopts SL9210, and the mass ratio of sulfur to the vulcanization accelerator is 2.4: 1; SL9210 can be used as a high-efficiency sulfur donor, and is crosslinked with rubber molecules to form a single sulfur bond or a disulfide bond, so that the vulcanized rubber has better aging resistance; meanwhile, the usage amount of the sulfur and the accelerator is an important factor for determining the crosslinking density and the crosslinking type of the vulcanized rubber, and the ratio of the vulcanizing agent to the accelerator is adjusted to be 2.4:1, so that the crystallization capacity of the rubber and the polysulfide content in a crosslinking bond can reach the optimal balance point, and the higher fatigue life is obtained;
according to the invention, natural rubber is used as a base material of the protective sleeve, the natural rubber is processed, the natural latex is subjected to vacuum treatment, and then special natural rubber processing equipment is adopted for processing, so that the mechanical property and the aging resistance of the natural rubber can be effectively improved; the rubber is reinforced by adopting the modified carbon black, so that the mechanical property of the protective sleeve can be improved; meanwhile, the fatigue life of the protective sleeve is prolonged by controlling the proportion of the sulfur and the vulcanization accelerator, the protective sleeve is made of rubber, is insulated and accords with the use standard of the lightning arrester, the insulating protective sleeve with good mechanical property and strong aging resistance is obtained, and the protective sleeve is suitable for protecting the lightning arrester.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a natural rubber processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a carrier of the natural rubber processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the linkage of the natural rubber processing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a partial structural view of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An arrester insulating protective sleeve is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of natural rubber, 36-45 parts of modified carbon black, 4-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.6-2 parts of stearic acid, 1.2-2.4 parts of sulfur, 0.5-1 part of vulcanization accelerator and 0.8-1 part of anti-aging agent;
the anti-aging agents are anti-aging agents 4010NA and 4020 which are p-phenylenediamine anti-aging agents, and have excellent ozone aging resistance and good fatigue aging resistance;
the vulcanization accelerator is SL9210, and the mass ratio of sulfur to the vulcanization accelerator is 2.4: 1; SL9210 can be used as a high-efficiency sulfur donor, and is crosslinked with rubber molecules to form a single sulfur bond or a disulfide bond, so that the vulcanized rubber has better aging resistance; meanwhile, the usage amount of the sulfur and the accelerator is an important factor for determining the crosslinking density and the crosslinking type of the vulcanized rubber, and the ratio of the vulcanizing agent to the accelerator is adjusted to be 2.4:1, so that the crystallization capacity of the rubber and the polysulfide content in a crosslinking bond can reach the optimal balance point, and the higher fatigue life is obtained;
the modified carbon black is prepared by the following method:
1) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, triethanolamine and ethylene glycol according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain an auxiliary agent;
2) mixing the auxiliary agent and the carbon black according to the mass ratio of 1:100, placing the mixture in a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling at 800r/min for 80min to obtain modified carbon black;
in the auxiliary agent, the polar group hydroxyl of the ethylene glycol and the triethanolamine structure contain-OH and-NH with stronger polarity2Adsorption and action are carried out on the surface of the carbon black to achieve the purposes of shielding electric charge and weakening strength, and the ultra-micronization of the carbon black is realized, so that the dispersion effect of the carbon black in a rubber system is improved; the rubber is uniformly dispersed in a rubber system, so that the mechanical property of the rubber can be effectively improved;
a preparation method of an insulating and protecting sleeve of a lightning arrester comprises the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 90-100 s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotation speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 60-65 s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 90-100 s, discharging rubber, passing on an open mill, discharging, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90；
The natural rubber is prepared by the following steps:
1) taking fresh natural latex, regulating the latex concentration to be 26%, adding acetic acid (serving as an initiator), uniformly mixing, putting into a vacuum drying box, vacuumizing to-0.96 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 110 min and taking out after 116min to obtain a clot; wherein the adding amount of the acetic acid is 1/10 of the mass of the fresh natural latex;
2) placing the coagulum on a bearing bottom plate 11 of the natural rubber processing device, enabling the coagulum to be positioned under a pressing block 2205, starting a motor connected with a second round rod 2308, driving the motor to rotate, and enabling the pressing block 2205 to reciprocate up and down under the transmission action of a linkage mechanism 2 to continuously press the coagulum until the thickness of the coagulum meets the requirement;
3) soaking the coagulum processed by the natural rubber processing device in water for 24h, taking out, draining, and drying in an oven to obtain natural rubber;
the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubber are determined by a vulcanized rubber network structure, the vulcanized rubber network structure is related to a molecular structure, a branching degree and a gel content, natural latex is expanded and solidified under the vacuum negative pressure environment to promote the movement of rubber molecular chains, the formation of a cross-linked network is facilitated, the cross-linked density is increased, and the tensile strength of the natural rubber is increased; in addition, the natural rubber obtained under the vacuum condition has high nitrogen content, so that the protein content is high, and the protein has a certain positive effect on the ageing resistance of the natural rubber, so that the ageing resistance of the natural rubber is improved; in addition, a specially-made natural rubber processing device is adopted for processing, so that most of moisture in the coagulum can be effectively pressed out, the drying efficiency of a subsequent drying oven is facilitated, moisture which is difficult to dry by the drying oven exists in the coagulum, the moisture can be removed through the processing device, and the quality of the natural rubber is improved;
referring to fig. 1 to 6, the natural rubber processing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, includes a carrier 1 and a linkage 2 mounted on the carrier 1;
as shown in fig. 2, the bearing device 1 includes a bearing base plate 11, a square frame is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing base plate 11 through two vertical columns 12, the square frame includes a first horizontal plate 1301, a second horizontal plate 1302, a first vertical plate 1303 and a second vertical plate 1304, specifically, the first horizontal plate 1301 is fixedly connected with the vertical columns 12, a first circular through hole 1305 is formed on the surface of the first horizontal plate 1301, the second horizontal plate 1302 is parallel to the first horizontal plate 1301, a second circular through hole 1306 is formed on the surface of the second horizontal plate 1302, and a third circular through hole 1307 is formed on the surface of the first vertical plate 1303; a limiting plate 14 is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate 11, the limiting plate 14 is positioned on one side of the first vertical plate 1303, and a strip-shaped limiting groove 1401 arranged in the vertical direction is formed in the surface of the limiting plate 14; a side plate 15 is further fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate 11, the side plate 15 is located on one side of the first vertical plate 1303, and a fourth circular through hole 1501 is formed in the surface of the side plate 15;
as shown in fig. 3, the linkage 2 includes a driven mechanism 21, a pressing mechanism 22, and a driving mechanism 23; as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the driven mechanism 21 includes a first shaft 2101, the first shaft 2101 is mounted on the second horizontal plate 1302 by a bearing, an inner threaded hole 2102 is formed on one end surface of the first shaft 2101 along the axial direction, and a first bevel gear 2103 is fixed on the peripheral side of the first shaft 2101; the pressing mechanism 22 comprises a connecting plate 2201, a threaded rod 2202 is fixed on the upper surface of the connecting plate 2201, the threaded rod 2202 is installed in a first shaft 2101, specifically, the threaded rod 2202 is in threaded fit with an internal threaded hole 2102, a limiting cylinder 2204 is fixed on the surface of each of two ends of the connecting plate 2201 through a connecting column 2203, specifically, the connecting column 2203 is fixed on the peripheral side of the limiting cylinder 2204, the limiting cylinder 2204 is axially arranged along the threaded rod 2202, the limiting cylinder 2204 is in sliding fit with the upright post 12, and a pressing block 2205 is fixed on the lower surface of the connecting plate 2201; the driving mechanism 23 comprises a second shaft 2301, a third shaft 2301 is mounted on the first vertical plate 1303 through a bearing, a second bevel gear 2302 is fixed at one end of the third shaft 2301, a gear 2303 is fixed at the other end of the third shaft 2301, the second bevel gear 2302 is meshed with the first bevel gear 2103, the driving mechanism 23 further comprises a rack 2304, the rack 2304 is matched with a strip-shaped limiting groove 1401 on the limiting plate 14, the rack 2304 is slidably mounted on the limiting plate 14, the rack 2304 is meshed with the gear 2303, the rack 2304 is movably connected with a disc 2306 through a connecting rod 2305, a first circular rod 2307 and a second circular rod 2308 are respectively fixed on two surfaces of the disc 2306, the distance between the axes of the first circular rod 2307 and the second circular rod 2308 and the axis of the disc 2306 is 2/3 of the radius of the disc 2306, the first circular rod 2307 and the second circular rod 2308 are respectively located on the diameter of the disc 2306, the first circular rod 2307 is movably connected with the connecting rod 2305, the second circular rod 230, and the second round bar 2308 is connected with a motor;
the working principle and the mode of the natural rubber processing device are as follows:
the second round rod 2308 is connected with a motor, the motor drives the second round rod 2308 to rotate, the disc 2306 is driven to rotate by the motor, the first round rod 2307 and the second round rod 2308 are eccentrically arranged on the surface of the disc 2306, the rack 2304 is driven to move up and down in the vertical direction through transmission of the connecting rod 2305 under the driving action of rotation of the disc 2306, the gear 2303 does clockwise and anticlockwise cross rotation under the meshing transmission action of the gear and the rack, the second bevel gear 2302 does clockwise and anticlockwise cross rotation, the first bevel gear 2103 is driven to do clockwise and anticlockwise cross rotation through meshing transmission between the bevel gears, and the pressing block 2205 does up and down reciprocating movement under the matching action of the threaded rod 2202 and the first shaft 2101 and the matching limiting action of the limiting cylinder 2204 and the upright post 12, so as to realize pressing;
when the clot pressing device is used, a clot is placed on the bearing bottom plate 11 and is positioned right below the pressing block 2205, the motor connected with the second round rod 2308 is started, the motor drives the motor to rotate, the pressing block 2205 reciprocates up and down under the transmission action of the linkage mechanism 2, and the clot is pressed down continuously until the thickness of the clot meets the requirement; the processing device is adopted for processing, so that most of moisture in the coagulum can be effectively pressed out, the drying efficiency of a subsequent drying oven is facilitated, moisture which is difficult to dry by the drying oven exists in the coagulum, the moisture can be removed through the processing device, and the quality of the natural rubber is improved; the compaction of the clot can be realized by a common motor, the control and the realization are easy, and the working efficiency is high.
Example 1
An arrester insulating protective sleeve is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of natural rubber, 36 parts of modified carbon black, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 1.6 parts of stearic acid, 1.2 parts of sulfur, 0.5 part of vulcanization accelerator and 0.8 part of anti-aging agent;
a preparation method of an insulating and protecting sleeve of a lightning arrester comprises the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 90s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 60s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 90s, discharging rubber, thinly passing and discharging on an open mill, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
Example 2
An arrester insulating protective sleeve is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of natural rubber, 40 parts of modified carbon black, 4.5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.8 parts of stearic acid, 1.8 parts of sulfur, 0.75 part of vulcanization accelerator and 0.9 part of anti-aging agent;
a preparation method of an insulating and protecting sleeve of a lightning arrester comprises the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 95s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotation speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 63s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 95s, discharging rubber, thinly passing and discharging on an open mill, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
Example 3
An arrester insulating protective sleeve is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of natural rubber, 45 parts of modified carbon black, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 2.4 parts of sulfur, 1 part of vulcanization accelerator and 1 part of anti-aging agent;
a preparation method of an insulating and protecting sleeve of a lightning arrester comprises the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 100s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 65s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 100s, discharging rubber, thinly passing and discharging on an open mill, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
Comparative example 1
The ratio of the sulfur to the vulcanization accelerator in example 1 was changed to 2.5:1, and the remaining raw materials and the preparation process were not changed.
Comparative example 2
The natural rubber in the example 1 is changed into the rubber obtained only by adopting a common oven drying mode, and other raw materials and the preparation process are not changed.
Comparative example 3
The modified carbon black in example 1 was replaced with ordinary carbon black, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process were unchanged.
Test specimens were prepared from the protective covers obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and the following performance tests were carried out:
physical and mechanical properties the tensile properties of the test specimens were tested according to GB/T528-1998, with a tensile rate of 500 mm/min; the test specimens were tested for tear strength in accordance with GB/T529-1999; the Shore A hardness of the test sample is tested according to GB/T531-1999; testing the rebound rate of the sample according to GB/T1681 and 1991; the aging resistance of the test sample is tested according to GB/T3512-2001 under the condition of aging in hot air at 100 ℃ for 24 hours; the test results are given in table 1 below:
the protective sleeves prepared in examples 1-3 have tensile strength of 22.6-23.0MPa, elongation at break of 439.9-442.6%, and tear strength of 30.2-30.8 kN.m-1The Shore A hardness is 55, which shows that the protective sleeve prepared by the invention has better mechanical property; after aging, the sleeves made in examples 1-3 had tensile strength of 19.9-20.5MPa, elongation at break of 415.6-417.3%, and tear strength of 26.5-26.9 kN.m-1The Shore A hardness is 60, and after aging treatment, the reduction range of each performance index is lower, which shows that the protective sleeve prepared by the invention has good aging resistance; compared with comparative example 1, the proportion of the vulcanizing agent to the accelerator is adjusted to be 2.4:1, so that the crystallization capacity of the rubber and the polysulfide content in cross-links can reach the optimal balance point, and higher fatigue life can be obtained; compared with the comparative example 2, the processing treatment is carried out by adopting a special natural rubber processing device, so that the internal moisture can be removed, the quality of rubber products can be improved, and the ageing resistance can be improved; compared with the comparative example 3, the carbon black is modified, and the ultramicro pulverization of the carbon black can be realized, so that the dispersion effect of the carbon black in a rubber system is improved, and the mechanical property of a rubber product is effectively improved.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The lightning arrester insulating protective sleeve is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of natural rubber, 36-45 parts of modified carbon black, 4-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.6-2 parts of stearic acid, 1.2-2.4 parts of sulfur, 0.5-1 part of vulcanization accelerator and 0.8-1 part of anti-aging agent;
the lightning arrester insulating protective sleeve is manufactured by the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 90-100 s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotation speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 60-65 s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 90-100 s, discharging rubber, passing on an open mill, discharging, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
2. An arrester insulating protective sheath according to claim 1, wherein the vulcanization accelerator is an SL9210 accelerator, and the mass ratio of sulfur to the vulcanization accelerator is 2.4: 1.
3. A lightning arrester insulating sheath according to claim 1, wherein the modified carbon black is prepared by a process comprising:
1) mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, triethanolamine and ethylene glycol according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain an auxiliary agent;
2) mixing the auxiliary agent and the carbon black according to the mass ratio of 1:100, placing the mixture in a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling at 800r/min for 80min to obtain the modified carbon black.
4. A lightning arrester insulating sheath according to claim 1, wherein the natural rubber is made by the steps of:
1) taking fresh natural latex, regulating the latex concentration to be 26%, adding acetic acid, uniformly mixing, putting into a vacuum drying box, vacuumizing to-0.96 MPa, maintaining the pressure for 110 min and 116min, and taking out to obtain a clot;
2) placing the coagulum on a bearing bottom plate (11) of the natural rubber processing device, enabling the coagulum to be positioned under a pressing block (2205), starting a motor connected with a second round rod (2308), and under the transmission action of a linkage mechanism (2), enabling the pressing block (2205) to do reciprocating movement up and down to continuously press the coagulum until the thickness of the coagulum meets the requirement;
3) and (3) soaking the coagulum processed by the natural rubber processing device in water for 24h, fishing out, draining, and drying in an oven to obtain the natural rubber.
5. An arrester insulating shield according to claim 4, characterised in that the natural rubber processing means comprises a carrier means (1) and a linkage means (2) mounted on the carrier means (1);
the bearing device (1) comprises a bearing bottom plate (11), a square frame body is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate (11) through two stand columns (12), the square frame body comprises a first transverse plate (1301), a second transverse plate (1302), a first vertical plate (1303) and a second vertical plate (1304), a limiting plate (14) is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate (11), the limiting plate (14) is located on one side of the first vertical plate (1303), and a strip-shaped limiting groove (1401) is formed in the surface of the limiting plate (14) and arranged in the vertical direction; a side plate (15) is further fixed on the upper surface of the bearing bottom plate (11), the side plate (15) is located on one side of the first vertical plate (1303), and a fourth circular through hole (1501) is formed in the surface of the side plate (15);
the linkage device (2) comprises a driven mechanism (21), a pressing mechanism (22) and a driving mechanism (23);
the driven mechanism (21) comprises a first shaft lever (2101), the first shaft lever (2101) is arranged on the second transverse plate (1302) through a bearing, an inner threaded hole (2102) is formed in the surface of one end of the first shaft lever (2101) in the axial direction, and a first bevel gear (2103) is fixed on the peripheral side of the first shaft lever (2101);
the pressing mechanism (22) comprises a connecting plate (2201), a threaded rod (2202) is fixed on the upper surface of the connecting plate (2201), the threaded rod (2202) is installed in a first shaft rod (2101), the threaded rod (2202) is in threaded fit with an internal threaded hole (2102), limiting cylinders (2204) are fixed on the surfaces of two ends of the connecting plate (2201) through connecting columns (2203), the limiting cylinders (2204) are in sliding fit with the upright columns (12), and pressing blocks (2205) are fixed on the lower surface of the connecting plate (2201);
initiative mechanism (23) include second axostylus axostyle (2301), third axostylus axostyle (2301) runs through installing on first riser (1303) through the bearing, third axostylus axostyle (2301) one end is fixed with second bevel gear (2302), the other end is fixed with gear (2303), second bevel gear (2302) and first bevel gear (2103) meshing, initiative mechanism (23) still include rack (2304), rack (2304) slidable mounting is on limiting plate (14), rack (2304) and gear (2303) meshing, rack (2304) have disc (2306) through connecting rod (2305) swing joint, two surfaces of disc (2306) are fixed with first pole (2307) and second pole (2308) respectively, first pole (2307) and connecting rod (2305) swing joint, second pole (2308) run through installing on curb plate (15) through the bearing, and second pole (2308) are connected with the motor.
6. The insulating and protecting sleeve for the lightning arrester according to claim 5, wherein the first transverse plate (1301) is fixedly connected with the vertical column (12), a first circular through hole (1305) is formed in the surface of the first transverse plate (1301), the second transverse plate (1302) is parallel to the first transverse plate (1301), a second circular through hole (1306) is formed in the surface of the second transverse plate (1302), and a third circular through hole (1307) is formed in the surface of the first vertical plate (1303).
7. An arrester insulating protective sheath according to claim 5, characterized in that the connecting column (2203) is fixed on the peripheral side of the position-limiting cylinder (2204) and the position-limiting cylinder (2204) is axially arranged along the threaded rod (2202).
8. An arrester insulating sheath according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance between the axis of the first round bar (2307) and the second round bar (2308) and the axis of the disc (2306) is 2/3 of the radius of the disc (2306), and the first round bar (2307) and the second round bar (2308) are respectively located on the diameter of the disc (2306).
9. A preparation method of an insulating and protecting sleeve of a lightning arrester is characterized by comprising the following steps:
first step, mixing
Mixing natural rubber in an internal mixer for 90-100 s at the initial temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotation speed of 80r/min, adding stearic acid, zinc oxide and an anti-aging agent, then continuing to mix for 60-65 s, then adding modified carbon black, mixing for 3min, adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator, mixing for 90-100 s, discharging rubber, passing on an open mill, discharging, and standing for 2 h;
second step, vulcanization
Vulcanizing by a flat vulcanizing machine under the condition of 145 ℃ multiplied by t90。
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