CN110723953A - Geopolymer and heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control board prepared based on chemical sludge - Google Patents
Geopolymer and heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control board prepared based on chemical sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN110723953A CN110723953A CN201910883434.3A CN201910883434A CN110723953A CN 110723953 A CN110723953 A CN 110723953A CN 201910883434 A CN201910883434 A CN 201910883434A CN 110723953 A CN110723953 A CN 110723953A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00025—Aspects relating to the protection of the health, e.g. materials containing special additives to afford skin protection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/041—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a geopolymer prepared based on heavy metal-containing chemical sludge and a heat-insulating, sound-insulating and humidity-regulating plate, and further discloses a preparation method of the geopolymer. According to the geopolymer prepared based on the chemical sludge containing the heavy metals, the heavy metals in the chemical sludge are enriched by using the selected inert electrode, the treated chemical sludge is directly matched with fly ash, a silicon source material is added to adjust the proper silicon-aluminum ratio of the system, and organic matters are added to obtain the light geopolymer. The heat-preservation sound-insulation humidifying plate is prepared by taking the geopolymer as a raw material according to a conventional mode, has good silencing, heat-insulation and humidifying properties, and can be widely applied to the field of functional building decoration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a geopolymer prepared based on heavy metal-containing chemical sludge and a heat-insulating, sound-insulating and humidity-regulating plate, and further discloses a preparation method of the geopolymer.
Background
Sludge generally refers to the product of sewage treatment, and is an extremely complex heterogeneous body composed of organic debris, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloids and the like. The main characteristics of the sludge are high water content (up to more than 99 percent), high organic matter content, easy decomposition and stink generation, fine particles, small specific gravity and colloidal liquid state. Sludge is a thick matter between liquid and solid and can be transported by a pump, but it is generally difficult to separate solid from liquid by sedimentation. The sludge is of various types, and mainly comprises sludge produced by enterprises, such as electroplating sludge, printing and dyeing sludge, river sludge, waterworks sludge, sewage plant sludge and the like.
At present, the chemical sludge containing heavy metals is solid waste generated by enterprises such as electroplating, leather, printing and dyeing and the like in China, and is characterized by high water content, a large amount of heavy metals and possibly a small amount of organic harmful substances. The sludge is produced in large quantity in industrially developed regions, the treatment process is difficult, and the cost of the treatment technology is high, so that the recycling degree of the chemical sludge is always low. In the prior art, the heavy metal-containing chemical sludge is mainly subjected to reduction treatment by drying water in the sludge and then is subjected to landfill treatment, but the landfill treatment not only needs corresponding anti-seepage treatment, but also occupies a large amount of land resources, and cannot really realize the high-efficiency and high-cost-performance resource utilization of the chemical sludge. In addition, because chemical sludge contains a certain amount of harmful substances such as heavy metals and the like, the harmful substances are required to be controlled as dangerous solid wastes, so that a factory needs to pay thousands of yuan per ton of treatment cost, and can recover and treat the harmful substances by enterprises with special qualifications, thereby causing higher solid waste treatment cost of the enterprises.
In the prior art, a solid waste treatment mode based on the reaction of domestic sludge and fly ash to prepare geopolymer has been developed, but on one hand, chemical sludge containing heavy metals is different from domestic sludge, has extremely high content of organic harmful substances and is not suitable for the environmental protection performance requirement of building boards; on the other hand, the water content in the sludge is relatively high, so that the densification degree is difficult to achieve in the process of producing the geopolymer, and the compressive strength of the produced geopolymer is low, and the actual application requirement of the geopolymer cannot be met. Therefore, the development of a method suitable for resource utilization of the chemical sludge containing heavy metals has important significance for solid waste treatment of the chemical sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a geopolymer prepared based on chemical sludge containing heavy metals, so as to solve the problem that the chemical sludge is not suitable for producing the geopolymer due to high content of harmful substances and high water content in the chemical sludge in the prior art;
the second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a heat-insulating, sound-insulating and humidity-controlling plate prepared based on the geopolymer, and the plate has good humidity-controlling, heat-insulating and sound-insulating effects;
the third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of the geopolymer and the heat-insulating sound-insulating humidity-regulating plate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the geopolymer prepared based on the chemical sludge provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
20-30 wt% of modified chemical sludge;
3 to 8 weight percent of alkali;
35-60 wt% of fly ash;
4-16 wt% of silicon source material;
8-12 wt% of organic matters;
0.1-0.25 wt% of organic hydrophilic modifier;
0.15-0.25 wt% of inorganic hydrophilic modifier;
the modified chemical sludge is obtained by performing electrochemical enrichment treatment on heavy metals in slurry containing the chemical sludge by using an inert electrode, so that the heavy metals in the slurry are desorbed and enriched around the electrode.
In particular, the electrode is selected from a palladium electrode, a platinum electrode, a gold electrode and/or a carbon electrode.
Preferably, the electrode is a comb-shaped electrode prepared by using the same inert electrode as the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
Specifically, the geopolymer prepared based on the chemical sludge:
the silicon source material comprises sodium silicate (preferably with the addition amount of 4-8 wt%), water glass (preferably with the addition amount of 8-16 wt%), kaolin powder and/or wollastonite powder; preferably, the particle size of the silicon source material is less than 200 meshes;
the organic matter comprises wood flour and/or straw; preferably, the particle size of the organic matter is 60-100 meshes;
specifically, the base includes organic base and inorganic base, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, ammonia water, etc. which are conventionally used;
the organic hydrophilic modifier is a modifier capable of improving the hydrophilicity of organic matters, so that the organic hydrophilic modifier can have better mixing dispersibility and fusibility with sludge, and specifically can comprise a small molecular surfactant or a nonionic surfactant; the micromolecular surfactant can be ethylene glycol, triethanolamine and the like, and the nonionic surfactant can be nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or PO and EO block compounds (nonylphenol block polyether, propylene glycol block polyether, styrene block copolymer and the like);
the inorganic hydrophilic modifier is a modifier capable of improving the hydrophilicity of the fly ash, so that the fly ash can have better mixing dispersibility and fusibility with sludge, and specifically can comprise inorganic modifiers such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, or organic modifiers such as sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, sodium polycarboxylate, polyacrylamide or silane coupling agents.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the geological polymer based on the chemical sludge, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking a selected amount of the organic matters in an aqueous solution prepared from a selected amount of the organic matter hydrophilic modifier to obtain modified organic matters for later use; dipping a selected amount of the fly ash into an aqueous solution prepared from a selected amount of the inorganic hydrophilic modifier, and dispersing at high speed for 10-45 minutes (1500-;
(2) adding water into chemical sludge to prepare slurry, circulating the slurry through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of the inert electrodes until most heavy metal ions are desorbed from the sludge and are enriched to the periphery of the electrodes through electromigration, and treating the enriched heavy metals to obtain the chemical sludge required by geopolymers; uniformly mixing selected amounts of the modified chemical sludge and a silicon source material, and standing for later use;
(3) and (4) sequentially adding the modified organic matter, the alkali and the modified fly ash into the mixture obtained in the step (3), and uniformly mixing to obtain the required geopolymer.
Specifically, in the step (1):
controlling the concentration of the organic hydrophilic modifier aqueous solution to be 1-2 wt%;
controlling the concentration of the inorganic hydrophilic modifier aqueous solution to be 1-2 wt%.
Specifically, in the step (2), the distance between the anode and the cathode of the inert electrode is controlled to be 0.5-2.0cm, and the electrochemical treatment is carried out by adopting 6-18V direct current voltage.
Specifically, in the step (2), the viscosity of the chemical sludge slurry is controlled to be in the range of 10-1000 centipoises.
Preferably, the electrochemical treatment step may be provided by a plurality of sets of cell grids.
Specifically, in the step (2), the ratio of silicon to aluminum of the modified chemical sludge and the silicon source material is controlled to be 1: 1-2: 1.
specifically, in the step (2), the standing step time is 20-24 h.
The invention also discloses an application of the geopolymer prepared based on the chemical sludge in preparing a heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control plate.
The invention also discloses a heat-preservation sound-insulation humidifying plate which is prepared from the geological polymer prepared based on the chemical sludge.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control board, which comprises the steps of placing the geopolymer in a mould to carry out mould pressing according to a conventional mode, and curing at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the required heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control board.
According to the geopolymer prepared based on the chemical sludge containing the heavy metals, the modified chemical sludge obtained by enriching and solidifying the heavy metals in the chemical sludge through the selected inert electrode is directly matched with the fly ash, the proper silicon-aluminum ratio of a system is adjusted by adding a silicon source material, and organic matters are added to obtain the light geopolymer. The chemical sludge containing heavy metals is subjected to electrochemical enrichment treatment by using the electrolytic cell grids formed by the anode and the cathode prepared from the same inert material, so that the content of heavy metals in the chemical sludge is greatly reduced, and the chemical sludge is conveniently recycled. In the polymerization process of the geopolymer, as the moisture in the sludge is absorbed by the fly ash and the wood powder, the components can be fully combined, so that the generated geopolymer is more compact, the added organic matter can give the geopolymer better toughness, and the organic matter in the sludge is subjected to alkali treatment to obtain a stable material with a humidity regulating effect in the geopolymer; and after the geopolymer is formed, a very small amount of heavy metal remained in the modified chemical sludge is easily fixed in the crystal lattice of the fly ash geopolymer in the process of curing the geopolymer and is not easy to leach, and the safety value of the modified chemical sludge meets the corresponding national standard requirement.
The heat-preservation sound-insulation humidifying plate is prepared by taking the geopolymer as a raw material according to a conventional mode, has good silencing, heat-insulation and humidifying properties, and can be widely applied to the field of functional building decoration.
The geopolymer and the thermal-acoustic-insulation humidifying plate are prepared from chemical sludge resources widely existing in various cities and nearby fly ash resources of thermal power plants, so that the waste resources are completely prepared from the chemical sludge resources and digested in situ, two solid wastes can be effectively eliminated simultaneously, and the product can completely meet the huge demand of building decorative plates in China every year.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present disclosure is provided in connection with specific embodiments thereof and the accompanying drawings, in which,
FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of the grid of the electrolytic cell according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows another arrangement of the grid of the electrolytic cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the moisture releasing effect of each plate in Experimental example 2 under a low humidity (25. + -. 3)% environment;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the moisture absorption effect of each plate in Experimental example 2 under a high humidity (97. + -. 3)% environment;
fig. 5 is a temperature change performance curve of each plate to be tested in experimental example 3.
Detailed Description
In the following embodiments of the invention, the chemical sludge of Huizhou city circuit board factory is used.
As shown in the electrolytic cell grid structure shown in FIGS. 1-2, the electrochemical enrichment treatment process for the chemical sludge containing heavy metals in the following embodiments of the present invention may adopt the electrolytic cell grid structure formed in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.
Example 1
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
in this embodiment, the modified chemical sludge is prepared according to the following steps: adding a proper amount of water into the chemical sludge to prepare chemical sludge slurry with the viscosity range of 10-1000 centipoises, and enabling the chemical sludge slurry to flow through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode (both platinum electrodes), and circulating for multiple times through the electrolytic cell grid or arranging multiple groups of electrolytic cell grids; controlling the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to be 0.5-2.0cm, adopting 6-18V direct current voltage to perform electrochemical enrichment until most heavy metal ions migrate to the periphery of the electrodes, obtaining the required modified chemical sludge after solidification treatment, and solidifying a small amount of heavy metal ions in geopolymer lattices prepared from the modified chemical sludge and being difficult to dissolve out.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate based on chemical sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking a selected amount of wood flour in an aqueous solution (mass concentration of 1 wt%) prepared from a selected amount of the organic hydrophilic modifier to obtain modified organic matters for later use; dipping a selected amount of the fly ash into an aqueous solution (mass concentration is 1 wt%) prepared from a selected amount of the inorganic hydrophilic modifier, and dispersing at high speed for 10-45 minutes (1500-;
(2) selecting a selected amount of the modified chemical sludge and a silicon source material (testing the silicon-aluminum ratio is 1-2: 1), uniformly stirring, and standing for 24 hours for later use;
(3) adding the modified organic matter, alkali and modified fly ash into the mixture obtained in the step (3) in sequence, and fully stirring for 1-2h and uniformly mixing to obtain a geopolymer;
(4) and (3) placing the geopolymer in a mould for mould pressing according to a conventional mode, and curing at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the required heat-insulating sound-insulating humidity-regulating plate.
Example 2
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
in this embodiment, the modified chemical sludge is prepared according to the following steps: adding a proper amount of water into the chemical sludge to prepare chemical sludge slurry with the viscosity range of 10-1000 centipoises, enabling the chemical sludge slurry to flow through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode (both gold electrodes), circulating for multiple times through the electrolytic cell grid or arranging multiple groups of electrolytic cell grids, controlling the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to be 0.5-2.0cm, carrying out electrochemical treatment by adopting 6-18V direct-current voltage until most heavy metal ions are transferred to the periphery of the electrodes, and obtaining the chemical sludge to be modified after solidification treatment, wherein the modified chemical sludge only has a very small amount of residual heavy metal ions.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Example 3
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
in this embodiment, the modified chemical sludge is prepared according to the following steps: adding a proper amount of water into the chemical sludge to prepare chemical sludge slurry with the viscosity range of 10-1000 centipoises, enabling the chemical sludge slurry to flow through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode (both carbon electrodes), circulating for multiple times through the electrolytic cell grid or arranging multiple groups of electrolytic cell grids, controlling the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to be 0.5-2.0cm, carrying out electrochemical treatment by adopting 6-18V direct-current voltage until most heavy metal ions are transferred to the periphery of the electrodes, obtaining the chemical sludge to be modified after solidification treatment, and only leaving a very small amount of heavy metal ions in the modified chemical sludge.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Example 4
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
in this embodiment, the modified chemical sludge is prepared according to the following steps: adding a proper amount of water into the chemical sludge to prepare chemical sludge slurry with the viscosity range of 10-1000 centipoises, enabling the chemical sludge slurry to flow through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode (both palladium electrodes), circulating for multiple times through the electrolytic cell grid or arranging multiple groups of electrolytic cell grids, controlling the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to be 0.5-2.0cm, carrying out electrochemical treatment by adopting 6-18V direct-current voltage until most heavy metal ions are transferred to the periphery of the electrodes, and obtaining the chemical sludge to be modified after solidification treatment, wherein the modified chemical sludge only has a very small amount of residual heavy metal ions.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Example 5
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
in this embodiment, the modified chemical sludge is prepared according to the following steps: adding a proper amount of water into the chemical sludge to prepare chemical sludge slurry with the viscosity range of 10-1000 centipoises, enabling the chemical sludge slurry to flow through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode (both platinum electrodes), circulating for multiple times through the electrolytic cell grid or arranging multiple groups of electrolytic cell grids, controlling the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to be 0.5-2.0cm, carrying out electrochemical treatment by adopting 6-18V direct-current voltage until most heavy metal ions are transferred to the periphery of the electrodes, and obtaining the chemical sludge to be modified after solidification treatment, wherein the modified chemical sludge only has a very small amount of residual heavy metal ions.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Example 6
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
the preparation method of the modified chemical sludge in this example is the same as that of example 1.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Example 7
This embodiment heat preservation sound insulation humidifying board based on chemical industry mud preparation's preparation raw materials includes:
the preparation method of the modified chemical sludge in this example is the same as that of example 1.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Example 8
The preparation raw materials of the heat preservation, sound insulation and humidity regulation plate prepared based on the chemical sludge comprise;
the preparation method of the modified chemical sludge in this example is the same as that of example 1.
The method for preparing the heat-preservation, sound-insulation and humidity-control plate prepared based on the chemical sludge is the same as that in example 1.
Examples of the experiments
1. Hazardous substance testing
The boards prepared in the above examples 1 to 8 were respectively tested for the relevant harmful substances, and the average values of the test results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 harmful material test results of the sheet materials
As can be seen from the data in the table above, the harmful substance content of the plate prepared by the invention completely meets the national or industrial standard, and the plate is safe to use.
2. Humidity control performance
The humidity control performance of the (50. + -. 3)% stored samples was measured by taking the plate samples (area selected to be 6 cm. times.10 cm) obtained in examples 1-8, respectively, and selecting two humidity environments (environment volume of 2.5L) (25. + -.3)% and (97. + -.3)% respectively, and the trend of the humidity change in a certain volume and the time to reach equilibrium were analyzed, and the results are shown in FIGS. 3-4.
Therefore, the plate prepared based on the domestic sludge has better humidity regulation performance.
3. Thermal insulation performance
The plate samples (area is selected to be 6cm multiplied by 10cm) prepared in the embodiments 1-8 are respectively taken for heat preservation performance test, the temperatures of the two sides of the plate to be tested are respectively controlled to be 38 ℃ and 60 ℃, the temperature change of the plate at the side of 38 ℃ along with time is tested, and the heat preservation performance curve of the sample of each embodiment is shown in figure 5.
Therefore, the plate prepared based on the domestic sludge has better heat preservation performance.
4. Sound insulation performance
The panels prepared in examples 1-8 above were tested for sound insulation performance, and the average results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 Sound insulation Performance test results
Therefore, the board prepared by the method has better sound insulation performance.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The geopolymer prepared based on chemical sludge is characterized in that the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in mass content:
20-30 wt% of modified chemical sludge;
3 to 8 weight percent of alkali;
35-60 wt% of fly ash;
4-16 wt% of silicon source material;
8-12 wt% of organic matters;
0.1-0.25 wt% of organic hydrophilic modifier;
0.15-0.25 wt% of inorganic hydrophilic modifier;
the modified chemical sludge is obtained by performing electrochemical enrichment treatment on heavy metals in slurry containing the chemical sludge by using an inert electrode, so that the heavy metals contained in the slurry are desorbed from the sludge and enriched to the vicinity of the electrode.
2. The chemical sludge based geopolymer of claim 1, wherein the electrode is selected from a palladium electrode, a platinum electrode, a gold electrode and/or a carbon electrode.
3. The chemical sludge based geopolymer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the electrodes are comb-shaped electrodes with the same inert electrode as the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
4. A geopolymer prepared based on chemical sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the silicon source material comprises sodium silicate, water glass, kaolin powder and/or wollastonite powder;
the organic matter comprises wood flour and/or straw;
the organic hydrophilic modifier comprises a small molecular surfactant or a nonionic surfactant;
the inorganic hydrophilic modifier comprises sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, sodium polycarboxylate, polyacrylamide or a silane coupling agent.
5. A method for preparing the chemical sludge-based geopolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) soaking a selected amount of the organic matters in an aqueous solution prepared from a selected amount of the organic matter hydrophilic modifier to obtain modified organic matters for later use; dipping a selected amount of the fly ash into an aqueous solution prepared from a selected amount of the inorganic hydrophilic modifier to obtain modified fly ash for later use;
(2) adding water into chemical sludge to prepare slurry, and circulating the slurry through an electrolytic cell grid consisting of the inert electrodes until most heavy metal ions are desorbed from the sludge and are enriched to the periphery of the electrodes through electromigration to obtain the chemical sludge required by geopolymers; uniformly mixing selected amounts of the modified chemical sludge and a silicon source material, and standing for later use;
(3) and (4) sequentially adding the modified organic matter, the alkali and the modified fly ash into the mixture obtained in the step (3), and uniformly mixing to obtain the required geopolymer.
6. The method for preparing a geopolymer based on chemical sludge preparation according to claim 5, characterized in that in the step (1):
controlling the concentration of the organic hydrophilic modifier aqueous solution to be 1-2 wt%;
controlling the concentration of the inorganic hydrophilic modifier aqueous solution to be 1-2 wt%.
7. The method for preparing the geopolymer based on the chemical sludge preparation of claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the distance between the anode and the cathode of the inert electrode is controlled to be 0.5-2.0cm, and the electrochemical treatment is performed by adopting 6-18V direct current voltage.
8. The chemical sludge preparation-based geopolymer preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in the step (2), the silicon-aluminum ratio of the modified chemical sludge and the silicon source material is controlled to be 1: 1-2: 1.
9. use of the geopolymer prepared on the basis of chemical sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for preparing thermal insulation, sound insulation and humidity control boards.
10. A thermal insulation, sound insulation and humidity control plate which is characterized by being prepared from the geopolymer prepared based on the chemical sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
11. The method for preparing the heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control board as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized by comprising the steps of placing the geopolymer in a mould, carrying out mould pressing according to a conventional mode, and curing at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the required heat-preservation sound-insulation humidity-control board.
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| CN112652782A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-13 | 广东至道先进土木工程材料技术研究有限公司 | Environment-friendly geopolymer battery and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2016135723A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-07-28 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | Porous geopolymer hardened body |
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| CN112652782A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-13 | 广东至道先进土木工程材料技术研究有限公司 | Environment-friendly geopolymer battery and preparation method thereof |
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