CN110723220A

CN110723220A - Aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure of electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN110723220A
Application number: CN201910933252.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段利斌; 刘轩江; 龙宜凡; 吴闯
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2019-09-29
Filing date: 2019-09-29
Publication date: 2020-01-24

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure of an electric vehicle, which comprises a threshold beam structure, a cross beam structure, a welding nut plate, an internal thread sleeve and a combined floor, wherein the threshold beam structure is a beam structure; the threshold beam structure comprises a left threshold beam, a right threshold beam, a left sealing plate and a right sealing plate; the beam structure comprises a front beam and a rear beam; the welded nut plate comprises a plurality of welded nut plates; the internal thread sleeve comprises a steel internal thread sleeve and an aluminum internal thread sleeve; the combined floor comprises a multi-section floor and a floor beam structure. The sill beam structure is connected with the beam structure through MIG welding; the steel internal thread sleeve and the welding nut plate are welded and then embedded into the sill beam and the cross beam structure; the aluminum internal thread sleeve penetrates through the through hole on the floor beam and is welded on the floor beam; the combined floor is welded in a frame type structure consisting of a beam structure and a sill beam structure. The invention fully absorbs the excellent characteristics of the aluminum alloy material, has simple and light structure and good mechanical property, and has light weight significance.

Description

Aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure of electric vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to an aluminum alloy lower automobile body structure of an electric automobile.

Background

In recent years, the development of automobiles shows a trend of "electric driving" and "intelligent", and electric driving parts such as a battery pack, a motor, an electronic controller and the like are arranged on the automobiles, which will increase the weight of the whole automobiles. The increase of the vehicle weight can improve the energy consumption and the battery demand of the whole vehicle, and the performance and the durability of the whole vehicle can be reduced. When the weight of the pure electric vehicle is reduced by 10%, the electric quantity can be saved by 4-5%, the hundred-kilometer acceleration time is reduced by 8%, the braking distance is reduced by 5%, and the endurance mileage can be increased by 8%. Therefore, the development of the lightweight design of the lower vehicle body structure of the electric vehicle has important significance for improving the target cruising mileage.

The existing electric automobile lower body structure mainly comprises a steel lower body structure, a steel-aluminum mixed lower body structure and an aluminum alloy lower body structure. The steel lower vehicle body structure has the advantages of low cost, good mechanical property, mature manufacturing process and the like, and has the defect of heavier weight; the vehicle body structure under the condition of steel and aluminum mixing has light weight and good performance, but has the problems of connection, corrosion resistance and the like of dissimilar materials; the aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure has the advantage of light weight, but has the advantages of lower collision safety, high manufacturing cost and large assembly difficulty of the lower vehicle body and the battery pack.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure of an electric vehicle, aiming at solving the problems of low cost, light weight, high safety and easy assembly of the lower vehicle body structure.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure of an electric vehicle comprises a threshold beam structure, a cross beam structure, a welding nut plate, an internal thread sleeve and a combined floor; the sill beam structures are divided into two groups, the two groups of structures are symmetrical in position and structure, and each group comprises a sill beam and a sealing plate which are matched together; the cross beam structure comprises a front cross beam and a rear cross beam which are arranged in parallel front and back in the lower vehicle body structure; the welding nut plate comprises a front welding nut plate, a rear welding nut plate, a left welding nut plate and a right welding nut plate; the internal thread sleeve comprises a steel internal thread sleeve and an aluminum internal thread sleeve; the combined floor structure comprises a floor and floor cross beams, and the floor is overlapped on the floor cross beams.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the threshold roof beam includes "mouthful" font cavity structure A, "tian" font cavity structure A, trapezoidal cavity structure A, protruding edge and rib A, "mouthful" font cavity structure A is located "tian" font cavity structure A upper end, and trapezoidal cavity structure A is located font cavity structure A left end, and rib A sets up in "tian" font cavity structure A's right lower corner department, and protruding edge sets up in "mouthful" font cavity structure A upper end.

In the technical scheme, the front cross beam is formed by integrally extruding the mesh-shaped cavity structure A and the mesh-shaped cavity structure B, and the lower end of the mesh-shaped cavity structure B is provided with the rib B.

In the technical scheme, the rear cross beam is of a mesh-shaped cavity structure C, and ribs C are arranged on the lower portion of the mesh-shaped cavity structure C.

In the technical scheme, the internal thread sleeve is tapped by the through hole in the cylindrical section bar, and one end of the cylindrical section bar is provided with the flange.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, modular floor includes left front floor, well front floor, right front floor, well floor and back floor, and left front floor, well front floor, right front floor cooperation are as an organic whole, and are equipped with arch A, strengthening rib A, L shape cavity, strengthening rib B, L shape side, arch B, strengthening rib B and box structure on the floor after the cooperation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the structure of the invention is formed by stamping all aluminum alloy and is connected with the floor board with a similar structure and the same internal thread sleeve through MIG welding, so that the sharing rate of parts is high and the processing cost is low.

(2) The high-strength frame type structure formed by the beam structure and the threshold beam structure has a good safety protection effect on the battery pack.

(3) The lower body structure is connected with the battery pack through the bolts, so that the assembly is flexible, and the battery pack is suitable for battery packs with various structures in the aspect of disassembly and assembly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric automobile.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a sill beam structure, fig. 2(a) is a schematic view of a sill beam axis, fig. 2(b) is a schematic view of a sill beam axis, fig. 2(c) is a schematic view of a sill beam cross section, and fig. 2(d) is a schematic view of a seal plate.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cross beam structure, fig. 3(a) is an axial view of the cross beam structure, fig. 3(b) is a schematic view of a front cross beam, fig. 3(c) is a schematic view of a cross section of the front cross beam, fig. 3(d) is a schematic view of a cross section of a rear cross beam, and fig. 3(e) is a schematic view of a cross section of the rear cross beam.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a welded nut plate.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an internally threaded sleeve, FIG. 5(a) is a schematic view of the internally threaded sleeve construction, and FIG. 5(b) is a schematic view of the front weld nut plate mating with the steel internally threaded sleeve.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the sectional floor, fig. 6(a) is an axial view of the sectional floor structure, fig. 6(b) is a schematic structural detail view of the left front floor, the middle front floor and the right front floor in a matched mode, fig. 6(c) is a schematic structural detail view of the front floor beam and the side edge of the middle front floor on which an L shape is punched in a matched mode, fig. 6(d) is an axial view of the front floor beam and the rear floor beam, and fig. 6(e) is a partial sectional view of the front floor beam and an aluminum inner threaded sleeve in a matched mode.

Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the lower battery pack in cooperation with the lower body structure of the electric vehicle.

In the figure, 100-sill beam structure, 200-beam structure, 300-welded nut plate, 400-internal threaded sleeve, 500-combined floor structure, 110-left sill beam, 120-right sill beam, 130-left sealing plate, 140-right sealing plate, 111-square cavity structure A, 112-Chinese cavity structure A, 113-trapezoidal cavity structure A, 114-convex edge, 115-rib A, 210-front beam, 220-rear beam, 211-square cavity structure A, 212-square cavity structure B, 213-rib B, 221-square cavity structure C, 222-rib C, 310-front welded nut plate, 320-rear welded nut plate, 330-left welded nut plate, 340-right welded nut plate, and, 410-steel internal thread sleeve, 420-aluminum internal thread sleeve, 510-left front floor, 520-middle front floor, 530-right front floor, 540-middle floor, 550-rear floor, 560-front floor beam, 570-rear floor beam, 511-protrusion A, 512-reinforcing rib A, 521-L-shaped cavity, 522-reinforcing rib B, 523-L-shaped side edge, 531-protrusion B, 532-reinforcing rib C, 533-box structure, 561-cavity structure, 562-edge sealing, 563-through hole, 660-battery pack 661-rivet nut A, 662-rivet nut B.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, including five parts, a rocker beam structure 100, a cross beam structure 200, a welded nut plate 300, an internally threaded sleeve 400, and a modular floor structure 500. The sill beam structure 100 and the beam structure 200 are welded through MIG welding to form a frame structure of a lower vehicle body structure of the electric vehicle, ribs are arranged in the sill beam structure 100 and the beam structure 200, and the lower portions of the ribs are inserted into a welding nut plate 300 and an internal thread sleeve 400 which are welded through MIG welding; the combined floor structure 500 is installed above the frame structure through MIG welding and resistance welding, and a whole electric automobile lower body structure is formed.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a rocker beam structure, the rocker beam structure 100 being stamped and formed from an aluminum alloy. In fig. 2(a), the rocker beam structure 100 includes a left rocker beam 110, a right rocker beam 120, a left sealing plate 130, and a right sealing plate 140, wherein the left rocker beam 110 and the left sealing plate 130 are symmetrical to the right rocker beam 120 and the right sealing plate 140 in position and structure, respectively. Fig. 2(b) is an isometric view of a threshold beam, where 114 is a ledge, where the ledge 114 corresponds to an opening in another structure, such as a modular floor, when assembled, and serves to locate and strengthen the structural stability. Fig. 2(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sill beam, which includes a square-shaped cavity structure a111, a square-shaped cavity structure a112, a trapezoidal cavity structure a113, a convex edge 114, and a rib a115, where the square-shaped cavity structure a111 is located at the upper end of the square-shaped cavity structure a112, the trapezoidal cavity structure a113 is located at the left end of the square-shaped cavity structure a112, the rib a115 is disposed at the lower right corner of the square-shaped cavity structure a112, and the convex edge 114 is disposed at the upper end of the square-shaped cavity structure a 111. The complex cross-section structure of the sill beam strengthens the structural strength of the aluminum alloy sill beam structure and has good lightweight effect; bead a115 has a fixing and retaining effect on the welded nut plate 300. Fig. 2(d) is a schematic view of the sealing plate welded to the sill beam by MIG welding, which ensures the tightness of the sill beam structure. Meanwhile, the cut surface formed by the trapezoid structure cut at the front end of the threshold beam is matched with the shape of the sealing plate, the threshold beam structure 100 and the automobile front fender to be assembled at the upper end form a good matching effect, and attractiveness of a vehicle is guaranteed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a beam structure 200 stamped from an aluminum alloy. In fig. 3(a), the cross member structure 200 includes a front cross member 210 and a rear cross member 220, and the two cross members are arranged in parallel front and rear throughout the lower vehicle body structure. FIG. 3(B) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front cross beam, which is formed by integrally extruding a cavity structure A211 shaped like a Chinese character 'mu' and a cavity structure B212 shaped like a Chinese character 'mu', wherein a rib B213 is arranged at the right lower end of the cavity structure B212 shaped like a Chinese character 'mu'; the design strengthens the structural strength of the aluminum alloy beam and has good lightweight effect; the bead B213 has a fixing and limiting effect on the welded nut plate 300. Fig. 3(C) is a schematic diagram of the rear cross beam, fig. 3(d) is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the rear cross beam, the cross section of the rear cross beam only comprises a hollow structure C221 shaped like a Chinese character 'mu', and ribs C222 are arranged on the lower portion of the hollow structure C221 shaped like a Chinese character 'mu', so that on the basis of ensuring the strength of the frame, a strong light weight effect is achieved by reducing a group of hollow structures shaped like a Chinese character 'mu', and meanwhile, different partition strength requirements of different cross beams are reflected.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a welded nut plate 300 cut from high strength steel and having a plurality of through holes formed above the welded nut plate 300 to facilitate positioning of the internally threaded sleeve 400; the welded nut plate 300 includes a front welded nut plate 310, a rear welded nut plate 320, a left welded nut plate 330, and a right welded nut plate 340, the front welded nut plate 310 and the rear welded nut plate 320 having symmetry in position and structure, the left welded nut plate 330 and the right welded nut plate 340 having symmetry in position and structure. The welded nut plates 300 are built in the lower portion of the beads a115 of the rocker beam structure 100 and the lower portion of the beads B213 of the cross beam structure 200.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an internally threaded sleeve, and in fig. 5(a), the internally threaded sleeve includes a plurality of steel internally threaded sleeves 410 and aluminum internally threaded sleeves 420; the internal thread sleeve 400 is tapped by a through hole in the cylindrical section bar, a flange is arranged at one end of the internal thread sleeve, the flange is convenient for fixing the internal thread sleeve, the internal thread sleeve is also convenient to disassemble, assemble and replace, and meanwhile, the battery box at the lower part of the frame is convenient to fix with the frame through a rivet nut. Fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the front welded nut plate 310 and the steel internal threaded sleeve 410, and the steel internal threaded sleeve 410 and the welded nut plate 310 are connected by MIG welding to ensure fixed rigidity and strength.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a sectional flooring, and fig. 6(a) is an isometric view of a sectional flooring, and a sectional flooring structure 500 is stamped from an aluminum alloy and welded by both MIG and resistance welding. The modular floor structure 500 includes seven parts, a left front floor 510, a middle front floor 520, a right front floor 530, a middle floor 540, a rear floor 550, a front floor beam 560, and a rear floor beam 570, and five floor panels are laid on the floor beam, the beam structure, and the sill beam structure by side edges and fixed by MIG welding. Fig. 6(B) shows that the left front floor 510, the middle front floor 520, and the right front floor 530 are integrally assembled, and the assembled floor is provided with a protrusion a511, a rib a512, an L-shaped cavity 521, a rib B522, an L-shaped side 523, a protrusion B531, a rib B532, and a box structure 533. Five different floors have realized different functions, to the comparatively overhead BMS and business turn over water pipe, high-low pressure mouth etc. position on the battery package of putting down, have very high parcel performance. The reinforcing ribs protruding upwards ensure the mechanical property of the floor and provide a good light weight effect; the L-shaped side 523 has a good positioning and welding effect on the middle front floor 520, fig. 6(c) is a schematic diagram of the front floor beam 560 matching with the L-shaped side 523 on the middle front floor 520, and the L-shaped side 523 tightly attaches the middle front floor 520 to the front floor beam 560 to achieve a good sealing effect. Fig. 6(d) is an axonometric view of the front floor beam 560 and the rear floor beam 570, which includes a cavity structure 561, sealing edges 562 and through holes 563, wherein the sealing edges 562 extend from the lower side of the cavity structure 561 to two sides, and the upper end is provided with a circular through hole 563. The floor beam is of a cavity structure, has a strong light-weight effect, prolongs the length of a welding line to the sealing edges prolonged at two sides, facilitates the welding and the positioning of the floor, strengthens the fixing strength of the floor beam, and forms a good matching effect with the battery pack structure at the lower end of the frame. Fig. 6(e) is a partial cross-sectional view of the front floor beam 560 and the aluminum internally threaded sleeve 420, wherein the aluminum internally threaded sleeve 420 passes through a through hole 563 preset on the floor beam and is welded to the floor beam by resistance welding, so as to achieve a good fixing effect.

Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the lower battery pack matched with the lower body structure of the electric vehicle, and includes a battery pack 660, a nut plate 300 welded to the upper portion of the battery pack 660, a steel internal thread sleeve 410, a threshold beam structure 100, a cross beam structure 200 matched rivet nut a661, which is a nut a661 that is a rivet nut. The aluminium system internal thread sleeve 420 complex of battery package 660 upper portion rivet nut B662, and the hole that a set of long rivet nut B662 reserved through battery package 660 runs through whole battery package 660 and aluminium system internal thread sleeve 420 joint, makes whole lower automobile body structure closely joint, has reached fine mating effect.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications (such as by changing the length of the frame or the number of the beams to expand and reduce or to provide a hybrid structure based on similar structures, or by replacing aluminum alloy with light materials such as magnesium alloy, engineering plastics, etc.) without departing from the principle of the present invention should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile aluminum alloy body structure of getting off which characterized in that: the combined floor comprises a threshold beam structure (100), a cross beam structure (200), a welding nut plate (300), an internal thread sleeve (400) and a combined floor (500); the sill beam structures (100) are divided into two groups, the two groups of structures are symmetrical in position and structure, and each group comprises a sill beam and a sealing plate which are matched together; the cross member structure (200) includes a front cross member (210) and a rear cross member (220) arranged in parallel front and rear in the lower vehicle body structure; the welded nut plate (300) includes a front welded nut plate (310), a rear welded nut plate (320), a left welded nut plate (330), and a right welded nut plate (340); the internally threaded sleeve (400) comprises a steel internally threaded sleeve (410) and an aluminum internally threaded sleeve (420); the modular floor structure (500) comprises a floor and floor beams, the floor being lapped on the floor beams.

2. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sill beam comprises a square-shaped cavity structure A (111), a square-shaped cavity structure A (112), a trapezoid cavity structure A (113), a convex edge (114) and a rib A (115), wherein the square-shaped cavity structure A (111) is located at the upper end of the square-shaped cavity structure A (112), the trapezoid cavity structure A (113) is located at the left end of the square-shaped cavity structure A (112), the rib A (115) is arranged at the right lower corner of the square-shaped cavity structure A (112), and the convex edge (114) is arranged at the upper end of the square-shaped cavity structure A (111).

3. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front cross beam (210) is formed by integrally extruding a mesh-shaped cavity structure A (211) and a mesh-shaped cavity structure B (212), and ribs B (213) are arranged at the lower end of the mesh-shaped cavity structure B (212).

4. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear cross beam (220) is of a reversed V-shaped cavity structure C (221), and ribs C (222) are arranged on the lower portion of the reversed V-shaped cavity structure C (221).

5. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the internal thread sleeve (400) is tapped by a through hole in the cylindrical section bar, and one end of the cylindrical section bar is provided with a flange.

6. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the combined floor (500) comprises a left front floor (510), a middle front floor (520), a right front floor (530), a middle floor (540) and a rear floor (550), wherein the left front floor (510), the middle front floor (520) and the right front floor (530) are matched into a whole, and a protrusion A (511), a reinforcing rib A (512), an L-shaped cavity (521), a reinforcing rib B (522), an L-shaped side edge (523), a protrusion B (531), a reinforcing rib B (532) and a box body structure (533) are arranged on the floor after matching.