CN110723220A - Aluminum alloy lower vehicle body structure of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle, comprising a rocker beam structure, a cross beam structure, a welding nut plate, an internal thread sleeve and a combined floor; the rocker beam structure includes a left rocker beam, a right rocker beam, a left rocker beam, a left rocker sealing plate and right sealing plate; the beam structure includes a front beam and a rear beam; the welding nut plate includes a plurality of welding nut plates; the inner thread sleeve includes a steel inner thread sleeve and an aluminum inner thread sleeve ; The combined floor includes a multi-section floor and a floor beam structure. The sill beam structure and the beam structure are connected by MIG welding; the steel inner thread sleeve and the welding nut plate are welded and embedded into the sill beam and beam structure; the aluminum inner thread sleeve is welded to the floor beam through the through hole on the floor beam The combined floor is welded in the frame structure composed of the beam structure and the sill beam structure. The invention fully absorbs the excellent characteristics of the aluminum alloy material, and has a light-weight meaning with a simple and lightweight structure and good mechanical properties.

Description

A kind of aluminum alloy lower body structure of electric vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle.

Background technique

In recent years, the development of automobiles has shown a trend of "electrification" and "intelligence". Electric components such as battery packs, motors, and electronic controllers have begun to be arranged on automobiles, which will increase the weight of the entire vehicle. The increase in vehicle weight will increase vehicle energy consumption and battery demand, and vehicle performance and durability will also decline. For every 10% weight loss of pure electric vehicles, it can save 4-5% of electricity, reduce the acceleration time to 100 kilometers by 8%, reduce the braking distance by 5%, and increase the cruising range by 8%. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out the lightweight design of the lower body structure of electric vehicles for improving the target cruising range.

The existing electric vehicle lower body structure mainly includes a steel lower body structure, a steel-aluminum mixed lower body structure, and an aluminum alloy lower body structure. The steel lower body structure has the advantages of low cost, good mechanical properties, and mature manufacturing technology, but its disadvantage is that it is heavy; the steel-aluminum mixed lower body structure is lighter in weight and better in performance, but there are dissimilar materials. The aluminum alloy lower body structure has the advantages of light weight, but its collision safety is low, the manufacturing cost is high, and the assembly of the lower body and the battery pack is difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle, aiming at solving the problems of low cost, light weight, high safety and easy assembly of the lower body structure.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

An aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle includes a rocker beam structure, a cross beam structure, a welding nut plate, an internal thread sleeve and a combined floor; the rocker beam structure is divided into two groups, and the two groups of structures are located in position and structure. It is symmetrical, and each group includes a sill beam and a cover plate that are matched together; the beam structure includes a front beam and a rear beam arranged in parallel in the lower body structure; the welding nut plate includes a front welding nut plate and a rear welding nut plate. Nut plate, left welded nut plate and right welded nut plate; the inner thread sleeves include steel inner thread sleeves and aluminum inner thread sleeves; the combined floor structure includes a floor and a floor beam, and the floor is overlapped at the on the floor beams.

In the above technical solution, the threshold beam includes a "mouth"-shaped cavity structure A, a "field"-shaped cavity structure A, a trapezoidal cavity structure A, a convex edge and a rib A, and the "mouth"-shaped cavity structure A is located in the The upper end of the "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A, the trapezoidal cavity structure A is located at the left end of the "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A, the rib A is set at the lower right corner of the "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A, and the convex edge is set in the "mouth"-shaped cavity The upper end of cavity structure A.

In the above technical solution, the front beam is integrally extruded with the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure A and the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure B, and the lower end of the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure B is provided with a rib B.

In the above technical solution, the rear beam is a "mesh"-shaped cavity structure C, and a rib C is arranged at the lower part of the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure C.

In the above technical solution, the inner thread sleeve is threaded from the inner through hole of the cylindrical profile, and one end of the cylindrical profile is provided with a flange.

In the above technical solution, the combined floor includes a left front floor, a middle front floor, a right front floor, a middle floor and a rear floor, the left front floor, the middle front floor, and the right front floor are integrated into one, and the floor after matching is provided with protrusions. A. Reinforcing rib A, L-shaped cavity, reinforcing rib B, L-shaped side edge, bulge B, reinforcing rib B and box structure.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The structure of the present invention is formed by all-aluminum alloy stamping and is connected by MIG welding, which is light in weight, and uses a floor with a similar structure and the same internal thread sleeve, so that the sharing rate of parts is high and the processing cost is low.

(2) The high-strength frame structure enclosed by the beam structure and the threshold beam structure of the present invention has a better safety protection effect on the battery pack.

(3) The lower vehicle body structure of the present invention is connected with the battery pack by bolts, so that the assembly is flexible, and in terms of disassembly and assembly, it is suitable for battery packs of various structures.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the sill beam, Figure 2 (a) is a schematic axonometric view of the sill beam, Figure 2 (b) is a schematic axonometric view of the sill beam, Figure 2 (c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sill beam, Figure 2 (d) ) is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam structure, Fig. 3(a) is a schematic axonometric view of the beam structure, Fig. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of a front beam, Fig. 3(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front beam, and Fig. 3(d) is a schematic diagram of the rear beam , Figure 3(e) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rear beam.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a welded nut plate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internally threaded sleeve, Fig. 5(a) is a schematic view of the structure of the internally threaded sleeve, and Fig. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the front welding nut plate and the steel internally threaded sleeve.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the combined floor structure, Figure 6 (a) is a schematic axonometric view of the combined floor structure, Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure details of the left front floor, the middle front floor, and the right front floor, Figure 6 (c) is Schematic diagram of the front floor beam and the L-shaped side edge punched out on the rear of the middle front floor. Figure 6(d) is the axonometric view of the front floor beam and the rear floor beam, and Figure 6(e) is the front floor beam and aluminum. Partial cutaway view of female sleeve fit.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the lower battery pack in cooperation with the lower body structure of the electric vehicle.

In the figure, 100-sill beam structure, 200-beam structure, 300-welded nut plate, 400-internal thread sleeve, 500-combined floor structure, 110-left sill beam, 120-right sill beam, 130-left seal Plate, 140-right sealing plate, 111-"kou"-shaped cavity structure A, 112-"Tian"-shaped cavity structure A, 113- trapezoidal cavity structure A, 114-convex edge, 115-rib A, 210 -Front beam, 220-Rear beam, 211-"mesh"-shaped cavity structure A, 212-"mesh"-shaped cavity structure B, 213-rib B, 221-"mesh"-shaped cavity structure C, 222- Rib C, 310-front welding nut plate, 320-rear welding nut plate, 330-left welding nut plate, 340-right welding nut plate, 410-steel internal thread sleeve, 420-aluminum internal thread sleeve, 510-left front floor, 520-middle front floor, 530-right front floor, 540-middle floor, 550-rear floor, 560-front floor beam, 570-rear floor beam, 511-protrusion A, 512-reinforcing rib A, 521-L-shaped cavity, 522-reinforcing rib B, 523-L-shaped side edge, 531-protrusion B, 532-reinforcing rib C, 533-box structure, 561-cavity structure, 562-edge sealing, 563 -Through hole, 660-Battery pack 661-Brivet nut A, 662-Brivet nut B.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

1 is an axonometric view of an aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, including five parts: rocker beam structure 100 , cross beam structure 200 , welding nut plate 300 , internal thread sleeve 400 and combined floor structure 500 . The rocker beam structure 100 and the cross beam structure 200 are welded by MIG welding to form the frame structure of the lower body structure of the electric vehicle. Ribs are opened in the rocker beam structure 100 and the beam structure 200, and a welding nut welded by MIG welding is inserted under the ribs. Inside the plate 300 and the inner threaded sleeve 400; a combined floor structure 500 is installed above the frame structure by MIG welding and resistance welding to form the entire lower body structure of the electric vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rocker beam structure. The rocker beam structure 100 is formed by stamping an aluminum alloy. In FIG. 2( a ), the rocker beam structure 100 includes a left rocker beam 110 , a right rocker beam 120 , a left cover plate 130 and a right cover plate 140 . The left rocker beam 110 and the left cover plate 130 are respectively connected with the right rocker beam 120 and the right cover plate The plate 140 has symmetry in position and structure. Figure 2(b) is an axonometric view of the sill beam, and 114 in the figure is a convex edge. The convex edge 114 corresponds to the opening of other structures such as a combined floor during assembly, and has the effect of positioning and strengthening the structural stability. Figure 2(c) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sill beam, which includes a "mouth"-shaped cavity structure A111, a "field"-shaped cavity structure A112, a trapezoidal cavity structure A113, a convex edge 114 and a rib A115. The "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A111 is located at the upper end of the "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A112, the trapezoidal cavity structure A113 is located at the left end of the "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A112, and the rib A115 is arranged at the lower right corner of the "Tian"-shaped cavity structure A112. The edge 114 is arranged on the upper end of the "mouth"-shaped cavity structure A111. The complex cross-sectional structure of the sill beam strengthens the structural strength of the aluminum alloy sill beam structure, and at the same time has a good lightweight effect; the rib A115 has the function of fixing and limiting the welding nut plate 300 . Figure 2(d) is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate. The sealing plate is welded to the sill beam by MIG welding, which ensures the sealing of the sill beam structure. At the same time, the cut surface formed by the cut trapezoid structure at the front end of the rocker beam matches the shape of the sealing plate.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam structure, and the beam structure 200 is formed by stamping an aluminum alloy. In FIG. 3( a ), the cross member structure 200 includes a front cross member 210 and a rear cross member 220 , and the two sections of the cross member are arranged in parallel in the entire lower body structure. Figure 3(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front beam, which is an integral extrusion molding of the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure A211 and the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure B212, and the lower right end of the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure B212 is provided with a rib B 213; This design strengthens the structural strength of the aluminum alloy beam, and at the same time has a good lightweight effect; the rib B 213 has the function of fixing and limiting the welding nut plate 300 . Fig. 3(c) is a schematic diagram of the rear beam, and Fig. 3(d) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rear beam. On the basis of ensuring the strength of the frame, a strong lightweight effect is achieved by reducing a group of mesh-shaped structures, and at the same time, the strength requirements of different sections of different beams are reflected.

4 is a schematic diagram of a weld nut plate, the weld nut plate 300 is formed by cutting high-strength steel, and a number of through holes are opened above the weld nut plate 300 to facilitate the positioning of the female threaded sleeve 400; the weld nut plate 300 includes a front weld nut plate 310, rear weld nut plate 320, left weld nut plate 330 and right weld nut plate 340, front weld nut plate 310 and rear weld nut plate 320 have symmetry in position and structure, left weld nut plate 330 and right weld nut plate 340 is symmetrical in position and structure. The welding nut plates 300 are all built in the lower part of the rib A 115 of the rocker beam structure 100 and the lower part of the rib B 213 of the cross beam structure 200 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internally threaded sleeve. In Fig. 5(a), the internally threaded sleeve includes several steel internally threaded sleeves 410 and aluminum internal threaded sleeves 420; The through hole is tapped with a thread, and one end is provided with a flange. The flange is convenient for the fixing of the inner threaded sleeve, and it is also convenient for disassembly and replacement of the inner threaded sleeve. fixed. FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the front welding nut plate 310 and the steel inner thread sleeve 410. The steel inner thread sleeve 410 and the welding nut plate 310 are connected by MIG welding to ensure fixed rigidity and strength.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the combined floor, and FIG. 6(a) is an axonometric view of the combined floor. The combined floor structure 500 is stamped from aluminum alloy and formed by two welding methods of MIG and resistance welding. The combined floor structure 500 includes seven parts: a left front floor 510, a middle front floor 520, a right front floor 530, a middle floor 540, a rear floor 550, a front floor beam 560, and a rear floor beam 570. , beam structure, threshold beam structure, and then fixed by MIG welding. Figure 6(b) shows that the left front floor 510, the middle front floor 520, and the right front floor 530 are integrated as a whole, and the floor after mating is provided with a protrusion A511, a reinforcing rib A512, an L-shaped cavity 521, a reinforcing rib B522, and an L-shaped Side edge 523 , bulge B531 , reinforcing rib B532 and box structure 533 . Five different floors realize different functions, and have high wrapping performance for the upper BMS, water inlet and outlet pipes, high and low pressure ports and other parts on the lower battery pack. The upwardly protruding reinforcing rib ensures the mechanical properties of the floor and provides a good lightweight effect; the L-shaped side edge 523 has a good effect on the positioning and welding of the middle and front floor 520. Figure 6(c) shows the front floor beam 560 is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped side 523 on the middle and front floor 520. The L-shaped side 523 closely fits the middle and front floor 520 and the front floor beam 560 to achieve a good sealing effect. FIG. 6(d) is an axonometric view of the front floor beam 560 and the rear floor beam 570, including a cavity structure 561, a sealing edge 562 and a through hole 563. The lower side of the cavity structure 561 extends from the sealing edge 562 to both sides, and the upper end is opened There are circular through holes 563 . The floor beam is a cavity structure, which has a strong lightweight effect. The extended edge sealing on both sides extends the length of the welding seam, which facilitates the welding and positioning of the floor, strengthens the fixing strength of the floor beam, and is compatible with the battery at the bottom of the frame. The package structure forms a good fit. FIG. 6(e) is a partial cross-sectional view of the front floor cross member 560 and the aluminum internal thread sleeve 420. The aluminum internal thread sleeve 420 passes through the preset through hole 563 on the floor cross member and is welded to the floor cross member by resistance welding. , achieved a good fixation effect.

7 is a bottom view of the lower battery pack and the lower body structure of the electric vehicle, including the battery pack 660, the upper welded nut plate 300 of the battery pack 660, the steel inner thread sleeve 410, the rocker beam structure 100, and the pulley of the cross beam structure 200. The rivet nut A661 and the rivet nut A661 pass through the holes reserved under the battery pack, and then pass through the holes reserved under the beam structure 200 and the sill beam structure 100, and pass through the welding nut plate 300 to connect with the steel female thread sleeve 410 . The rivet nut B662 matched with the aluminum inner threaded sleeve 420 on the upper part of the battery pack 660 , and a set of long rivet nuts B662 pass through the hole reserved in the battery pack 660 and penetrate the entire battery pack 660 and the aluminum inner threaded sleeve 420 The joint makes the entire lower body structure tightly joint, and achieves a good cooperation effect.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions that belong to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for designers in this technical field, there are several improvement schemes without departing from the principles of the present invention in advance, (such as by changing the length of the frame or the number of beams to achieve expansion and reduction, or propose a hybrid structure based on a similar structure. , or replacing the aluminum alloy with lightweight materials such as magnesium alloy and engineering plastics) should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle, characterized in that: it comprises a rocker beam structure (100), a cross beam structure (200), a welding nut plate (300), an internal thread sleeve (400) and a combined floor (100). 500); the sill beam structure (100) is divided into two groups, and the two groups of structures have symmetry in position and structure, and each group includes a sill beam and a sealing plate that are matched together; the cross beam structure (200) includes a bottom A front cross member (210) and a rear cross member (220) arranged in parallel at the front and rear in the vehicle body structure; the welding nut plate (300) includes a front welding nut plate (310), a rear welding nut plate (320), and a left welding nut plate ( 330) and a right welding nut plate (340); the inner thread sleeve (400) includes a steel inner thread sleeve (410) and an aluminum inner thread sleeve (420); the combined floor structure (500) Including the floor and floor beams on which the floor is lapped. 2. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rocker beam comprises a "mouth"-shaped cavity structure A (111), a "field"-shaped cavity structure A (112), The trapezoidal cavity structure A (113), the convex edge (114) and the rib A (115), the "mouth"-shaped cavity structure A (111) is located at the upper end of the "field"-shaped cavity structure A (112), the trapezoidal cavity The structure A (113) is located at the left end of the character-shaped cavity structure A (112), the rib A (115) is arranged at the lower right corner of the "field"-shaped cavity structure A (112), and the convex edge (114) is arranged at the "mouth" The upper end of the glyph cavity structure A (111). 3. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the front cross member (210) is a "mesh"-shaped cavity structure A (211) and a "mesh"-shaped cavity structure B ( 212) It is integrally extruded and formed, and the lower end of the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure B (212) is provided with a rib B (213). 4. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rear cross member (220) is a "mesh"-shaped cavity structure C (221), and the "mesh"-shaped cavity structure C ( 221) Ribs C (222) are arranged at the lower part. 5. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner threaded sleeve (400) is threaded from the inner through hole of the cylindrical profile, and one end of the cylindrical profile is provided with a screw thread. orchid. 6. The aluminum alloy lower body structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the combined floor (500) comprises a left front floor (510), a middle front floor (520), a right front floor (530), a middle The floor (540) and the rear floor (550), the left front floor (510), the middle front floor (520), and the right front floor (530) are integrated as a whole, and the floor after matching is provided with a protrusion A (511), a reinforcing rib A (512), L-shaped cavity (521), reinforcing rib B (522), L-shaped side edge (523), protrusion B (531), reinforcing rib B (532) and box structure (533).

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