CN110722160B - Laser capture additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method based on powder curtain - Google Patents

Laser capture additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method based on powder curtain Download PDF

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CN110722160B
CN110722160B CN201911010000.9A CN201911010000A CN110722160B CN 110722160 B CN110722160 B CN 110722160B CN 201911010000 A CN201911010000 A CN 201911010000A CN 110722160 B CN110722160 B CN 110722160B
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powder
laser
curtain
air exhaust
carrying
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CN110722160A (en
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姚建华
杨高林
朱旭东
张群莉
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/49—Scanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/53—Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70—Recycling
    • B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

A powder curtain based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus and method of manufacture, the manufacturing apparatus comprising: the laser emission unit is arranged on a movement mechanism of the machine tool or the manipulator, and a light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned to a powder curtain formed by the powder carrying airflow and used for carrying out laser irradiation on powder in the powder carrying airflow; the powder feeding unit comprises a powder feeding part and a powder carrying gas control part, wherein a powder outlet of the powder feeding part is communicated with a powder feeding port pipeline of the powder carrying gas control part; the powder loading gas control part comprises a powder loading part and an air exhaust part; the powder feeding part and the powder loading gas control part are electrically connected with the console; the control console is used for controlling the powder feeding part and the powder loading gas control part to work so as to generate a powder curtain with stable flow speed and carry out laser irradiation on the powder curtain; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: forming a steady-state flowing powder curtain below the laser head; laser irradiating the powder particles and creating a molten pool on the substrate; the downwardly moving particles are deposited in the molten bath. The invention has the beneficial effects that: avoid powder to leak outward, prevent to pollute the work piece, can carry out the vibration material disk on the curved surface.

Description

Laser capture additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method based on powder curtain
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser capture additive manufacturing device and method based on a powder curtain.
Background
The additive manufacturing is equivalent to the subtractive manufacturing, which progressively realizes the part forming through layer-by-layer melting, and at present, the additive manufacturing technology of metal materials mainly comprises two types: a selective laser melting technology based on a powder bed and a laser three-dimensional forming technology based on synchronous powder feeding. The selective laser melting technology can realize additive manufacturing of fine structures, the forming precision is high, and powder is melted layer by layer through movement of a scraper to realize additive manufacturing; the powder feeding of the laser three-dimensional forming technology is realized by feeding powder to a molten pool through a powder feeder, so that the precision of the additive manufacturing laser three-dimensional forming technology is low. Meanwhile, the methods have the problems of powder pollution, insufficient flexibility, incapability of implementing laser three-dimensional forming of synchronous powder feeding on a curved surface and the like, and are mainly attributed to a powder feeding mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a laser capture additive manufacturing device and a manufacturing method based on a powder curtain. The technology uses laser to irradiate powder flow parallel to a substrate, and uses vaporization impact force generated by laser irradiation of powder to enable powder particles to descend into a molten pool to realize additive manufacturing. Compared with the selective laser melting technology, the technology can avoid powder leakage, prevent the pollution to workpieces, and perform additive manufacturing on curved surfaces. Moreover, the powder is captured in the molten pool, and the problem of powder clearance is avoided, so that the forming density is high and the forming precision is high. Therefore, if the precision of the selective laser melting technology can be realized by the laser additive manufacturing in a synchronous powder feeding mode, a functional coating with a fine structure can be prepared on the surface of a part, and complex functions are realized.
The invention discloses a laser capture additive manufacturing device based on a powder curtain, which is characterized by comprising the following components:
the laser emission unit is arranged on a movement mechanism of the machine tool or the manipulator, and a light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned to a powder curtain formed by the powder carrying airflow and used for carrying out laser irradiation on powder in the powder carrying airflow;
the powder feeding unit comprises a powder feeding part and a powder carrying gas control part, wherein a powder outlet of the powder feeding part is communicated with a powder feeding port pipeline of the powder carrying gas control part; the powder loading air control part comprises a powder loading part and an air exhaust part, wherein the powder loading part and the air exhaust part are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the laser emission unit, and a powder outlet of the powder loading part is kept right opposite to an air exhaust opening of the air exhaust part, so that a stable powder curtain is formed by powder loading airflow between the powder outlet and the air exhaust opening; the powder feeding part and the powder loading gas control part are electrically connected with the console;
and the control end of the control console is respectively and electrically connected with the control ends of the laser emission unit, the powder feeding part and the powder carrying gas control part, and the control console is used for controlling the powder feeding part and the powder carrying gas control part to work so as to generate a powder curtain with stable flow rate and carry out laser irradiation on the powder curtain.
Further, laser emission unit is including the laser instrument that is used for producing laser, the optic fibre that is used for transmitting laser and the laser head that is used for controlling the light path, the laser head is installed on the motion of lathe or manipulator, and the light-admitting mouth of laser head is linked together through the light-emitting mouth of optic fibre with the laser instrument, and the light-emitting mouth of laser head is to the powder curtain that send the powder unit to form for the laser that the laser instrument produced shines on the powder curtain.
Furthermore, a galvanometer is used in the laser head to control the scanning path of the laser; a protective airflow is arranged under the protective lens of the laser head and is introduced through a pipeline, so that metal steam generated by laser irradiation is prevented from polluting a light path system.
Further, the powder feeding part comprises a powder feeder, a gas cylinder and a powder carrying airflow conveying channel, wherein a gas inlet of the powder feeder is communicated with a gas cylinder pipeline, a powder outlet of the powder feeder is communicated with a powder inlet of the powder carrying airflow conveying channel, and a powder inlet of the powder carrying airflow conveying channel is communicated with a powder inlet pipeline of the powder carrying part.
Further, the air exhaust part comprises an air exhaust pump, an air exhaust pipe and a powder recovery device, wherein the air exhaust pump is communicated with an air outlet pipeline of the air exhaust pipe, an air exhaust port at the tail end of the air exhaust pipe is opposite to the powder feeding nozzle, the powder recovery device is arranged in the air exhaust pump, and a powder inlet of the powder recovery device is communicated with the air exhaust pipe pipeline and used for recovering powder which does not pass through the laser beam in the powder curtain.
Furthermore, a powder loading part and an air exhaust part which are close to the laser beam are respectively provided with a set of circulating cooling device for cooling, the circulating cooling device comprises a circulating water unit consisting of a water cooling sleeve and a water pipe and a water cooling device, wherein the water cooling sleeve is sleeved outside the powder feeding nozzle and the air exhaust pipe and is communicated with an external water cooling tank through corresponding water pipes; the water cooling device is arranged in the water cooling tank and used for cooling water in the water cooling tank so as to prevent overheating of the mechanism caused by scattered laser beams.
Further, the powder carrying part comprises a powder pipe and a powder feeding nozzle arranged at the tail end of the powder pipe, wherein the inlet of the powder pipe is communicated with a powder outlet pipeline of the powder feeder through a powder carrying airflow conveying channel.
The manufacturing method of the laser capture additive manufacturing device based on the powder curtain is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) forming a stable powder-carrying air flow below the laser head through a pipeline, thereby realizing a steady flowing powder curtain above the base material;
2) the laser head is started under the control of the console, the emitted laser beam scans the powder curtain, when the powder particles are irradiated by the laser, the light-facing surfaces of the particles are rapidly heated to generate vaporization, the impact force generated by the vaporization provides a downward force for the particles to move towards the substrate, and the laser penetrating through the powder curtain scans the substrate to generate a molten pool;
3) particles moving downwards enter a molten pool to realize deposition, and additive manufacturing is realized through movement of laser beams and positions of a powder curtain;
4) the powder which does not pass through the laser beam is sucked by the suction opening and is sent into the powder feeder again.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the laser three-dimensional forming in a powder feeding mode, the powder dynamic recovery is realized, the powder pollution is avoided, and the forming precision is greatly improved. If the same fine light spot is used in the laser stereo forming technology, the powder spot is difficult to match, the scanning speed is low, and the efficiency is low. The technology adopts galvanometer laser, and the scanning speed is high. The forming efficiency is high by combining the movement of the deposition head. Compared with the selective laser melting technology, the technology can perform additive manufacturing on a curved surface. Furthermore, since the powder is captured in the molten pool, there is no problem of powder clearance, and the formed density is high. The thickness of the selective laser melting powder is related to the particle size of the powder, and the fine powder is difficult to lay due to cluster agglomeration during laying. The powder of this technique is transported in a fluidized state, and finer powder can be used to realize higher precision molding. Compared with other powder feeding or powder laying methods, the method for capturing the powder is innovative in principle, the forming precision can be greatly improved to a certain extent, material increase manufacturing can be performed on the curved surface, the forming quality and efficiency of selective laser cladding are improved, the forming density is high, and flexible processing can be performed in multiple directions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the path of the powder particles of the present invention (a represents the metal particles within the powder curtain; F)Impact forceRepresenting the downward impact force of the metal particles after being irradiated by the laser, and the unit is N; v0Representing the powder carrying airflow rate of the powder curtain, and the unit is L/min);
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary path planning of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to the accompanying drawings:
embodiment 1 a laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus based on a powder curtain of the present invention comprises:
the laser emission unit is arranged on a moving mechanism such as a machine tool or a manipulator, and a light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned to a powder curtain formed by powder carrying airflow and used for carrying out laser irradiation on powder in the powder carrying airflow; the control end of the laser emission unit is electrically connected or in signal connection with the control end;
the powder feeding unit comprises a powder feeding part and a powder carrying gas control part, wherein a powder outlet of the powder feeding part is communicated with a powder feeding port pipeline of the powder carrying gas control part; the powder loading air control part comprises a powder loading part and an air exhaust part, wherein the powder loading part and the air exhaust part are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the laser emission unit, and a powder outlet of the powder loading part is kept right opposite to an air exhaust hole 12 of the air exhaust part, so that a stable powder curtain 18 is formed by powder loading air flow between the powder outlet and the air exhaust hole; the powder feeding part and the powder loading gas control part are electrically connected or in signal connection with the console 5;
and a control console 5, the control end of which is respectively connected with the control ends of the laser emission unit, the powder feeding part and the powder carrying gas control part in an electric connection or signal connection mode, and the control console is connected with a circuit 16 and used for controlling the powder feeding part and the powder carrying gas control part to work so as to generate a powder curtain with stable flow rate and carrying out laser irradiation on the powder curtain.
Further, the laser emission unit includes laser 2, the optic fibre 8 that is used for transmitting the laser that is used for producing the laser and the laser head 11 that is used for controlling the light path, the laser head is installed on the motion of lathe or manipulator, and the light-inlet of laser head 11 is linked together through the light-emitting window of optic fibre with the laser, and the light-emitting window of laser head 11 is to the powder curtain that the powder feed unit formed for laser A that the laser instrument produced shines on the powder curtain.
Furthermore, a galvanometer is used in the laser head to control the scanning path of the laser; a protective airflow is arranged below the protective lens of the laser head and is introduced through the pipeline 10, so that metal steam generated by laser irradiation is prevented from polluting an optical path system.
Further, the powder feeding part comprises a powder feeder 3, a gas cylinder 4 and a powder carrying airflow conveying channel, wherein a gas inlet of the powder feeder 3 is communicated with the gas cylinder 4 through a pipeline 17, a powder outlet of the powder feeder 3 is communicated with a powder inlet of the powder carrying airflow conveying channel, and a powder feeding port of the powder carrying airflow conveying channel is communicated with a powder inlet pipeline of the powder carrying part.
Further, the air extraction part comprises an air extraction pump 1, an air extraction pipe 7 and a powder recovery device, wherein the air extraction pump 1 is communicated with an air outlet pipeline of the air extraction pipe 7, an air extraction opening 12 at the tail end of the air extraction pipe 7 is opposite to the powder feeding nozzle 15, the powder recovery device is arranged in the air extraction pump 1, and a powder inlet of the powder recovery device is communicated with the air extraction pipe 7 through a pipeline, so that powder which is not irradiated by the laser beam is recovered. Furthermore, a powder loading part and an air exhaust part which are close to the laser beam are respectively provided with a set of circulating cooling device for cooling, the circulating cooling device comprises a circulating water unit consisting of a water cooling sleeve and a water pipe and a water cooling device, wherein the water cooling sleeve is sleeved outside the powder feeding nozzle and the air exhaust opening and is communicated with an external water cooling tank 6 through corresponding water pipes (13 and 14); the water cooling device is arranged in the water cooling tank and used for cooling water in the water cooling tank so as to prevent overheating of the mechanism caused by scattered laser beams.
Further, the powder loading part comprises a powder pipe 9 and a powder feeding nozzle 15 arranged at the tail end of the powder pipe, wherein the inlet of the powder pipe 9 is communicated with a powder outlet pipeline of the powder feeder through a powder loading airflow conveying channel.
In embodiment 2, before additive manufacturing, modeling is performed by computer modeling software, and a three-dimensional model of a part is subjected to layered slicing discrete processing by using segmentation software, so that layering is performed on a curved surface, and layering is performed at an angle equal to the radian of the curved surface, each layer needs to be flattened after layered slicing, and since the distance between the powder outlets 15 and the air suction ports 12 at two sides is limited, the cross section of each layer needs to be divided into long strips with the same width, and a scanning path of laser light of each layer is obtained, so that the device is guided to print layer by layer.
With the understanding of the inventive process and structure, an exemplary description of its application will now be given: assuming that the shape is as shown in the upper diagram of fig. 3, the part to be additively manufactured is sliced layer by layer, and additive manufacturing can be performed on different structures with different shapes, the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction in which layers are overlapped, the lower diagram of fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of each path of each layer of the scanning path of the additive part, the length of each path is determined according to the specific shape, and the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction in which each path moves.
Embodiment 3 a method of manufacturing a powder curtain based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus according to embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
1) a stable powder carrying air flow parallel to the base material 19 is formed below the laser head through the powder feeding device at the powder feeding nozzle and the air suction port, so that a powder curtain 18 flowing stably is realized above the base material;
2) the laser head is started under the control of the console, the emitted laser beam scans the powder curtain, when the powder particles are irradiated by the laser, the light-facing surfaces of the particles are rapidly heated to generate vaporization, the impact force generated by vaporization provides a downward force for the particles to move towards the substrate, and the laser penetrating through the powder curtain scans the substrate 19 to generate a molten pool 191;
3) particles moving downwards enter a molten pool to realize deposition, and additive manufacturing is realized through movement of laser beams and positions of a powder curtain;
4) the powder which does not pass through the laser beam is sucked by the suction opening and is sent into the powder feeder again.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but includes equivalent technical means as would be recognized by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims (8)

1. A laser capture additive manufacturing device based on a powder curtain, comprising:
the laser emission unit is arranged on a movement mechanism of the machine tool or the manipulator, and a light outlet of the laser emission unit is aligned to a powder curtain formed by the powder carrying airflow and used for carrying out laser irradiation on powder in the powder carrying airflow;
the powder feeding unit comprises a powder feeding part and a powder carrying gas control part, wherein a powder outlet of the powder feeding part is communicated with a powder feeding port pipeline of the powder carrying gas control part; the powder loading air control part comprises a powder loading part and an air exhaust part, wherein the powder loading part and the air exhaust part are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the laser emission unit, and a powder outlet of the powder loading part is kept right opposite to an air exhaust opening of the air exhaust part, so that a stable powder curtain is formed by powder loading airflow between the powder outlet and the air exhaust opening; the powder feeding part and the powder loading gas control part are electrically connected with the console;
and the control end of the control console is respectively and electrically connected with the control ends of the laser emission unit, the powder feeding part and the powder carrying gas control part, and the control console is used for controlling the powder feeding part and the powder carrying gas control part to work so as to generate a powder curtain with stable flow rate and carry out laser irradiation on the powder curtain.
2. The powder curtain-based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the laser emission unit includes the laser instrument that is used for producing laser, is used for transmitting the optic fibre of laser and is used for controlling the laser head of light path, the laser head is installed on the motion of lathe or manipulator, and the income light-emitting port of laser head is linked together through the light-emitting port of optic fibre with the laser instrument, and the light-emitting port of laser head is to the powder curtain that the powder unit formed of sending for the laser that the laser instrument produced shines on the powder curtain.
3. The powder curtain-based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: a galvanometer is used in the laser head to control the scanning path of the laser; a protective airflow is arranged under the protective lens of the laser head and is introduced through a pipeline, so that metal steam generated by laser irradiation is prevented from polluting a light path system.
4. The powder curtain-based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the powder feeding part comprises a powder feeder, a gas cylinder and a powder carrying airflow conveying channel, wherein a gas inlet of the powder feeder is communicated with a gas cylinder pipeline, a powder outlet of the powder feeder is communicated with a powder inlet of the powder carrying airflow conveying channel, and a powder feeding port of the powder carrying airflow conveying channel is communicated with a powder inlet pipeline of the powder carrying part.
5. The powder curtain-based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the air exhaust part comprises an air exhaust pump, an air exhaust pipe and a powder recovery device, wherein the air exhaust pump is communicated with an air outlet pipeline of the air exhaust pipe, an air exhaust opening at the tail end of the air exhaust pipe is opposite to the powder feeding nozzle, the powder recovery device is arranged in the air exhaust pump, and a powder inlet of the powder recovery device is communicated with the air exhaust pipe pipeline and used for recovering powder which does not pass through the laser beam in the powder curtain.
6. The powder curtain-based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the powder loading part and the air exhaust part which are close to the laser beam are respectively provided with a set of circulating cooling device for cooling, the circulating cooling device comprises a circulating water unit consisting of a water cooling sleeve and a water pipe and a water cooling device, wherein the water cooling sleeve is sleeved outside the powder feeding nozzle and the air exhaust opening and is communicated with an external water cooling tank through a corresponding water pipe; the water cooling device is arranged in the water cooling tank and used for cooling water in the water cooling tank so as to prevent overheating of the mechanism caused by scattered laser beams.
7. The powder curtain-based laser capture additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the powder carrying part comprises a powder pipe and a powder feeding nozzle arranged at the tail end of the powder pipe, wherein the inlet of the powder pipe is communicated with a powder outlet pipeline of the powder feeder through a powder carrying airflow conveying channel.
8. The manufacturing method of the laser capture additive manufacturing device based on the powder curtain as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
1) forming a stable powder-carrying air flow below the laser head through a pipeline, thereby realizing a steady flowing powder curtain above the base material;
2) the laser head is started under the control of the console, the emitted laser beam scans the powder curtain, when the powder particles are irradiated by the laser, the light-facing surfaces of the particles are rapidly heated to generate vaporization, the impact force generated by the vaporization provides a downward force for the particles to move towards the substrate, and the laser penetrating through the powder curtain scans the substrate to generate a molten pool;
3) particles moving downwards enter a molten pool to realize deposition, and additive manufacturing is realized through movement of laser beams and positions of a powder curtain;
4) the powder which does not pass through the laser beam is sucked by the suction opening and is sent into the powder feeder again.
CN201911010000.9A 2019-10-23 2019-10-23 Laser capture additive manufacturing device and manufacturing method based on powder curtain Active CN110722160B (en)

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CN112338208B (en) * 2020-10-30 2022-11-18 浙江工业大学 Method for additive manufacturing based on light powder one-way laser capture nozzle structure
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CN101342640B (en) * 2007-07-11 2010-10-27 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Coaxial powder feeding system for quickly molding and producing functional gradient material with laser
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