CN110720579A - Food fresh-keeping system - Google Patents
Food fresh-keeping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110720579A CN110720579A CN201810779915.5A CN201810779915A CN110720579A CN 110720579 A CN110720579 A CN 110720579A CN 201810779915 A CN201810779915 A CN 201810779915A CN 110720579 A CN110720579 A CN 110720579A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/015—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with pressure variation, shock, acceleration or shear stress or cavitation
- A23L3/0155—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with pressure variation, shock, acceleration or shear stress or cavitation using sub- or super-atmospheric pressures, or pressure variations transmitted by a liquid or gas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/32—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with electric currents without heating effect
Abstract
The invention provides a food fresh-keeping system, which comprises an electrode device, an alternating current power supply and food to be stored, wherein the electrode device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the food to be stored and is used for forming a high-voltage electric field area, and the food to be stored is placed in the high-voltage electric field area. The electric field formed by the electrode device can induce the polar molecules in the food to be stored to vibrate, so that the time of food materials passing through the maximum ice crystal growth zone can be effectively shortened, the leakage of cell sap is reduced, the freezing and thawing quality is improved, the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the food to be stored can be improved by the high-voltage electric field, meanwhile, the permeability of cell membranes is influenced, the effect of long-term preservation is achieved, and the storage time of the food to be stored is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural product preservation, in particular to a food preservation system.
Background
After being picked and separated from the original environment, plants (including green vegetables, fruits and the like) are exposed to external stress from the aspects of temperature, pressure and humidity no matter being stored in any environment, so that active oxygen is accumulated to cause membrane lipid peroxidation and form Malondialdehyde (MDA). MDA has strong destructive effect on cell plasma membrane and many biological functional molecules in cell, attacks unsaturated fatty acid in membrane lipid bilayer to damage membrane system and damage plant, and reacts with protein amino acid residue or nucleic acid on membrane to generate Shiff base, thereby reducing membrane stability, increasing membrane permeability, promoting membrane leakage, and making the structure and function of organelle membrane disordered and cell death in severe cases. Meanwhile, the immunity of the picked plant is reduced, and after the plant is stored for a long time, the surface bacteria and viruses propagate in a large quantity, so that the corruption and the deterioration are possibly induced, and the storage time is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect of short plant preservation and storage time in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a plant preservation system, comprising: the electrode device is connected with an alternating current power supply and food to be stored and used for forming a high-voltage electric field area, and the food to be stored is placed in the high-voltage electric field area.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the boosting device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for boosting the alternating current power supply.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the rectifying device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for rectifying the alternating current power supply.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the voltage reduction filtering device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for carrying out voltage reduction filtering on the output of the alternating current power supply.
Optionally, the electrode device comprises a first ground electrode and at least one first electrode, the first electrode is connected to a first output terminal of the ac power supply, and the first ground electrode is connected to a second output terminal of the ac power supply.
Optionally, the first electrode comprises a conductor layer and an insulating layer, the insulating layer at least partially covers the conductor layer, and the insulating layer is connected with the food to be stored.
Optionally, the thickness of the conductor layer is 0.01mm-100 mm.
Optionally, the electrode device further comprises a second ground electrode and at least one second electrode, the second electrode is connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, and the second ground electrode is connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply and is used for generating plasma active matters.
Optionally, the plasma reactive species comprise at least one of a reactive nitrogen species or a reactive oxygen species.
Optionally, the active nitrogen species comprises nitric oxide.
Optionally, the nitric oxide concentration is from 1ppm to 100 ppm.
Optionally, the device further comprises a high-voltage electric field control device, which is respectively connected to the ac power supply and the electrode device, and is configured to control an ac waveform output by the ac power supply.
Optionally, the voltage range of the boosted ac power supply is 800-.
Optionally, the output frequency of the rectifying means is 50Hz-10 kHz.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a food fresh-keeping system, which comprises an electrode device, wherein the electrode device is connected with an alternating current power supply and food to be stored and is used for forming a high-voltage electric field area, and the food to be stored is placed in the high-voltage electric field area. The electric field that electrode device formed among this fresh-keeping system can induce treats the inside polar molecule vibration of storage food, can effectively shorten the time that edible material passes through the biggest ice crystal growth area, reduces the cell sap seepage, improves the quality of unfreezing by freezing to high-voltage electric field can also improve treats the internal antioxidase activity of storage food, influences the permeability of cell membrane simultaneously, reaches the efficiency of long-term fresh-keeping, has increased the save time of treating storage food.
2. The food fresh-keeping system provided by the invention also comprises a boosting device which is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for boosting the alternating current power supply. The alternating voltage output by the alternating current power supply after being boosted by the boosting device can improve the field intensity of the high-voltage electric field output by the electrode device, and further prolong the fresh-keeping storage time of the food to be stored.
3. The food fresh-keeping system provided by the invention also comprises a rectifying device which is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for rectifying the alternating current power supply. The food fresh-keeping system can output different voltage waveforms through the rectifying device, and different output waveforms are set according to needs, so that different high-voltage electric fields are obtained. The rectifying device can output three different waveforms (sine wave, negative half wave and positive half wave) according to actual needs, three electric fields (sine electric field, negative electric field and positive electric field) can be formed after the rectified output wave passes through the electrode device, the negative electric field is favorable for improving the activity of antioxidant enzyme, the positive electric field is favorable for inhibiting bacteria, and the application occasion and the flexibility of the system are improved.
4. The food fresh-keeping system provided by the invention also comprises: and the voltage reduction filtering device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for carrying out voltage reduction filtering on the output of the alternating current power supply. The voltage reduction filtering device can effectively reduce the impact of high-voltage current on the ground, filter high-frequency clutter and improve the output quality. Meanwhile, the vibration property output by the first electrode can be greatly enhanced, a human hand can obviously feel a vibration sense near the electrode device, and the direct action of the electric field on polar molecules and enzymes in food to be stored can be improved.
5. The invention provides a food fresh-keeping system, wherein an electrode device comprises a first grounding electrode and at least one first electrode, the first electrode is connected with a first output end of an alternating current power supply, and the first grounding electrode is connected with a second output end of the alternating current power supply. Thus, high-voltage current is formed between the first electrode and the first grounding electrode, and the high-voltage current has strong vibration property and directly influences the activity of antioxidant enzymes (particularly metalloenzymes) and the movement of polar molecules in food; a structure similar to a capacitor is formed between the first electrode and the first grounding electrode, so that electrostatic induction is performed on food in an electric field, and positive charges and negative charges on the surface of the food are redistributed to form polarization; the ground electrode is also effective in enhancing the field effectiveness.
6. According to the food preservation system provided by the invention, the first electrode comprises a conductor layer and an insulating layer at least partially covering the conductor layer, the conductor layer is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the insulating layer is connected with food to be stored. The first electrode is subjected to insulation treatment, so that electric leakage can be effectively prevented, and the safety of the system is improved.
7. The invention provides a food fresh-keeping system, wherein the electrode device also comprises a second grounding electrode and at least one second electrode, the second electrode is connected with a first output end of an alternating current power supply, and the second grounding electrode is connected with a second output end of the alternating current power supply and is used for generating plasma active matters. Thus, high-voltage current discharge is formed between the second electrode and the second grounding electrode, plasma active substances are generated by the discharge, exogenous active substances (mainly active nitrogen substances and active oxygen substances) are generated by the plasma to improve the activity of antioxidant enzyme, kill bacteria and viruses on the surface of food, and prolong the shelf life of the food.
8. The food fresh-keeping system also comprises a high-voltage electric field control device which is respectively connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for controlling the alternating current waveform output by the alternating current power supply. Different alternating current waveforms are selectively output through the high-voltage electric field control device, and then different electric fields are generated through the electrode device, so that the flexibility and the universality of the system are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one particular example of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of an electrode assembly of the food preservation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a first electrode of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a coverage area of a first electrode of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of the coverage of the first electrode of the food preservation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a specific example of the mounting positions of the first electrode and the first ground electrode of the food freshness retaining system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view showing a specific example of a placement position of food to be stored of the food freshness keeping system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another specific example of a food preservation system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an output waveform of a rectifying device of the food preservation system according to the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. an electrode arrangement; 11. a first ground electrode; 12. a first electrode; 13. a second ground electrode; 14. a second electrode; 2. an alternating current power supply; 3. food to be stored; 4. a voltage boosting device; 5. a rectifying device; 6. a voltage-reducing filter device; 7. high-voltage electric field control device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment provides a food fresh-keeping system, is applied to food fresh-keeping, improves the time of fresh-keeping storage, as shown in fig. 1, includes: the electrode device 1 is connected with the alternating current power supply 2 and the food 3 to be stored and is used for forming a high-voltage electric field area, and the food 3 to be stored is placed in the high-voltage electric field area. The food 3 to be stored can be in direct contact with the electrode device 1, i.e. placed directly on the electrode device 1; and can be placed at any other position in the high-voltage electric field formed by the electrode device 1, and the person skilled in the art can select different placement positions of the food to be stored according to the actual needs according to the description of the embodiment.
In this embodiment, the food preservation system further includes a pressure boosting device 4 and a rectifying device 5, as shown in fig. 2.
The boosting device 4 is connected to the ac power supply 2 and the rectifying device 5, and boosts the ac power supply. In this embodiment, the voltage value of the ac power supply is 220V, the frequency of the ac power supply is 50Hz, the voltage boosting device 4 boosts the ac power supply with the voltage value of 220V, the frequency of the ac power supply is 50Hz, the higher the voltage value of the boosted ac power supply is, the larger the field intensity of the high-voltage electric field output by the rectifying device 5 is, because the optimal field intensities of the high-voltage electric fields required by different foods to be stored are different, optimal configuration can be performed according to the actual foods to be stored, and a proper boosting voltage is selected to obtain a better electric field intensity, for example, the preferable voltage range of the boosted ac power supply is 800-; of course, in other embodiments, the voltage value of the boosted ac power supply may be reasonably set as needed, for example, set to 800V or 10000V. In an alternative embodiment, when the voltage range of the ac power source is 800-10000V, the boosting device 4 is not needed for boosting. According to the description of the embodiment, the output voltage range of the alternating current power supply and whether the boosting device is needed or not are reasonably set by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the voltage boosting device 4 may be a coil type voltage boosting device (such as a voltage boosting transformer) or an electronic voltage boosting device (such as a voltage boosting chip), and may be configured as needed.
And a rectifying device 5 connected to the electrode device 1 and rectifying the boosted ac power. The rectifying device 5 includes one of a full-wave rectifying module, a negative half-wave rectifying module, or a positive half-wave rectifying module, or any combination thereof. In this embodiment, the rectifying device 5 includes a full-wave rectifying module, and the full-wave rectifying module may be formed by four rectifying diodes, and of course, in other embodiments, the full-wave rectifying module may also be formed by other electronic devices, such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOS transistor) or an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), and the like, and may be appropriately configured as required. In general, living plants are used at a lower frequency, and non-living meats are used at a higher frequency, and in the present embodiment, the output frequency of the rectifying device 5 is preferably in the range of 50Hz to 10kHz, and a suitable frequency is selected according to the food to be stored. The full-wave rectified back electrode device generates a positive electric field in a positive half period and generates a negative electric field in a negative half period. The surfaces of bacteria and fungi are negatively charged, positive charges are released through an external positive electric field, the permeability of cell walls can be changed, substances in cells overflow, and the bacteriostatic action is played. The negative electric field can improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes (especially metalloenzymes) in the food body, and is beneficial to keeping the freshness of food materials. Therefore, the food to be stored is placed in the positive and negative electric fields, the fresh-keeping time can be obviously prolonged, and the storage time is prolonged.
In an alternative embodiment, when the output waveform of the ac power supply is satisfactory, the rectifying device 5 is not required to rectify the ac power supply.
The electrode arrangement 1 comprises a first ground electrode 11 and at least one first electrode 12, the first electrode 12 being connected to a first output of the rectifying means 5, the first ground electrode 11 being connected to a second output of the rectifying means 5. Taking the placement position of the electrode device applied in a closed space as an example, such as a refrigerator, in the present embodiment, fig. 3 is a front view of a specific example of the electrode device, as shown in fig. 3, the electrode device 1 includes a first ground electrode 11 and two first electrodes 12, and the two first electrodes 12 can be stacked and placed inside the refrigerator; the first grounding electrode 11 may be disposed on a side wall inside the refrigerator, may be disposed on an outer shell of the refrigerator, and may be connected to a grounding wire of the refrigerator. In an alternative embodiment, the electrode arrangement may also be placed in a non-enclosed space. The electrode device can be reasonably arranged by those skilled in the art according to the description of the embodiment and the actual requirements.
In this embodiment, the first electrode 12 comprises a conductor layer connected to the rectifying means 5 and an insulating layer at least partially covering the conductor layer, the insulating layer being connected to the food to be stored. The conductor layer is made of conductive materials, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, graphite and the like, the thickness of the conductor layer can be set to be 0.01mm-100mm, the conductor layer can be soft or hard, the size is not limited, the conductor layer can be set to be a square with the length of 5cm multiplied by 5cm to 200cm multiplied by 200cm, and the specific size, shape, material and thickness can be reasonably set according to needs. For the hard plate-shaped electrode, the outer surface can be directly sealed by insulating resin, the sealing can be totally closed, and small holes can be punched on the surface of the resin to prevent people from contacting. For the soft electrode plate, hot plastic package or cold plastic package technology can be directly used for sealing.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the conductor layer is provided as a hard plate-like electrode of copper material having a thickness of 1mm and a size of 5mm by 5 mm. The insulating layer is made of insulating materials such as resin, plastic, foam and the like, and the insulating layer can completely wrap the conductor layer (totally closed) or partially wrap the conductor layer. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the outer surface of the conductor layer is directly sealed with insulating resin, and a small hole is punched on the surface of the insulating resin, and the conductor layer is exposed in the small hole, so as to prevent human contact and improve the safety and reliability of the food preservation system, the depth of the small hole is preferably in the range of 3mm-20 mm.
In the present embodiment, when the first electrode 12 is composed of one first electrode unit (size 15cm x 30cm), the high voltage electric field area can be formed to cover a sphere space with a diameter of 3m (radius of 1.5m), as shown in fig. 5; when the first electrode is respectively composed of three first electrode units arranged on 3 adjacent different planes, the formed high-voltage electric field area can cover a three-dimensional space of 3m × 3m, as shown in fig. 6; of course, in other embodiments, the position of the first electrode can be set appropriately according to the storage space required for the food to be kept fresh.
The placement positions of the first electrode and the first ground electrode may be any feasible positions, wherein a preferred position is that the linear distance between the first electrode and the first ground electrode is not more than 1.5 m. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the electrode device 1 includes a first grounding electrode 11 and two first electrodes 12, the first electrodes 12 are disposed in a plate shape, the first grounding electrode 11 is disposed in a ring shape, the first electrodes are disposed in the first grounding electrode, the distance between the first electrode (inner side electrode) and the first grounding electrode (outer side electrode) is not more than 1.5m, both electrodes are insulated to prevent electric leakage, so that a capacitor-like structure is formed between the first electrodes and the first grounding electrode, and static electricity induction is generated on food in an electric field; the positive charges and the negative charges on the surface of the food material are redistributed to form polarization; grounding also effectively enhances the electric field effect. An electric field is formed between the first electrode and the first grounding electrode, in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the food 3 to be stored is placed on the first electrode 12, of course, in other embodiments, the food 3 to be stored can be placed at any position in the electric field, and it is sufficient if necessary.
The placement positions of the first electrode 12 and the first ground electrode 11 can also be as shown in fig. 7. In other embodiments, the first electrode and the first grounding electrode can be respectively arranged on the ceiling, the ground or the four walls of the refrigeration house, so that a capacitance structure is formed between two different types of electrodes.
In an alternative embodiment, the first ground electrodes and the first electrodes may be present in pairs, i.e. one first electrode corresponds to one first ground electrode, different first ground electrodes are connected to each other, and different first electrodes are connected to each other.
The boosting device boosts 220V commercial power of an alternating current power supply to 800V-10000V, then the commercial power is rectified into high voltage power with the frequency of 50Hz-10kHz through the rectifying device, finally a high voltage electric field is formed through the electrode device, and food to be stored is placed in the coverage area of the high voltage electric field.
Plant cell membranes play an important role in maintaining the microenvironment and normal metabolism of cells. Under normal conditions, the cell membrane has the selective permeability to substances, and when a plant body is affected by external stress, such as high temperature, low temperature, drought, salt or pathogen infection, the cell membrane is damaged, the permeability is increased, so that the electrolyte in the cell is extravasated, and the conductivity of plant cell leaching liquor is increased. The cell membrane surface has many ion channels, and the ion channel is blocked up like a wall under the high-voltage electric field, so that the ions inside the cell are not easy to enter the outside of the cell, and the ions outside the cell are not easy to enter the inside of the cell, thereby preventing the electrolyte from exosmosis. The plant to be stored, including vegetables, fruits and the like, is placed in the system, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (particularly metalloenzymes) in the plant body is improved through a high-voltage electric field (micro-current), and meanwhile, the permeability of the plant is influenced, so that the effect of long-term preservation is achieved; under the action of high-voltage electric field (microcurrent), the activity of related enzymes for eliminating active oxygen in plant body, such as Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), is obviously increased, and simultaneously, the ageing products of the plant body are also obviously reduced.
When animal meat passes through the maximum ice crystal zone from minus 1 ℃ to minus 5 ℃ under the freezing condition, a large amount of sharp-angle fine ice residues are generated, so that cell membranes are damaged. When thawing, the cell membrane is damaged, and the overflowed cell sap cannot permeate into the cells again, so that the animal meat loses too much water after freezing and thawing, and the meat quality is seriously degraded. Placing animal meat in the system, and solving the quality degradation of meat before and after freezing by utilizing the complex motion of polar molecules in a high-voltage electric field; polar molecules (such as water molecules and the like) generate complex motion under the action of an alternating high-voltage electric field, and the friction between the polar molecules and the high-voltage electric field generates heat convection, so that the heat conduction exchange efficiency is improved; because the polar molecules are vibrated continuously, ice crystals formed in the freezing process are fine and smooth, and the damage to cell membranes is reduced; meanwhile, under the condition of unfreezing, the high-voltage electric field improves the permeability of cell membranes, so that overflowed cell sap is absorbed by cells again, and the blood water loss is reduced.
Above-mentioned food fresh-keeping system, the electric field that electrode assembly formed can induce treats the inside polar molecule vibration of storage food, can effectively shorten the time that edible material passes through the biggest ice crystal growth area, reduces the cell sap seepage, improves the quality of unfreezing by freezing to high voltage electric field (little current) can also improve treats the internal antioxidase activity of storage food, influences the permeability of cell membrane simultaneously, reaches the efficiency that keeps fresh for a long time, has increased the save time of treating storage food.
In order to further increase the intensity of the high-voltage electric field, on the basis of the above food preservation system, as shown in fig. 8, the food preservation system further includes: and the voltage reduction filtering device 6 is connected with the voltage boosting device 4 and the electrode device 1 and is used for carrying out voltage reduction filtering on the boosted alternating current power supply. In this embodiment, the voltage-reducing filter device 6 includes a voltage-reducing module and a filter module, the voltage-reducing module can be a voltage-reducing chip for realizing a voltage-reducing function in the prior art, the filter module can be a filter chip for realizing a filter function in the prior art, and the voltage-reducing chip and the filter chip can select a suitable product and model according to actual needs. In the case of a refrigerator, as shown in fig. 9, the output terminal of the voltage-reducing filter unit 6 is connected to the first ground electrode 11 of the electrode unit 1. The voltage reduction filtering device can effectively reduce the impact of high-voltage current on the ground, filter high-frequency clutter and improve the output quality. Meanwhile, the vibration property output by the first electrode can be greatly enhanced, a human hand can obviously feel a vibration sense near the electrode device, and the direct action of the electric field on polar molecules and enzymes in food to be stored can be improved.
In order to further improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the food to be stored and kill surface body bacteria and viruses, on the basis of the food fresh-keeping system, as shown in fig. 10, the electrode device 1 further comprises a second grounding electrode 13 and at least one second electrode 14, and the second electrode 14 is connected with the input end of the rectifying device 5 and is used for generating plasma active matters.
The second electrode 14 is made of a conductive material, and may be made of metal, graphite, water, or the like, and may be appropriately provided as needed. The second electrode 14 and the second grounding electrode 13 can be needle-needle electrode, needle-plate electrode, plate-plate electrode, needle-ring electrode or metal needle-water electrode, etc., and plasma is generated by excitation between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the second electrode 14 and the second grounding electrode 13 can be reasonably arranged according to requirements. The second ground electrode 13 may be a single ground electrode as shown in fig. 10, or may be connected to the first ground electrode 11 and grounded together, and may be appropriately disposed as necessary.
Plants are living tissues, but unlike animals, they do not have a nervous system for transmitting information between tissues in vivo, but can directly transmit information by the action of exogenous signals. The plasma active substance generated by air ionization can be used as an exogenous signal to transmit adversity information after entering a plant body as a messenger, so that the stress reaction of the plant is accelerated, and the survival capability is enhanced.
In this embodiment, the plasma reactive species may be a reactive nitrogen species or a reactive oxygen species. Wherein the active nitrogen substance (RNS) can enter into plant as exogenous signal molecule, effectively induce activity increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and ascorbic acid peroxidase (ASA-POD), and delay O2And H2O2The accumulation of the compound can effectively relieve the damage of oxidation substances in plants under external stress, reduce the yield of membrane lipid peroxide (MDA) and improve the relative water content of leaves; simultaneously active nitrogen substance (RNS) participates in stomatal regulation and control movement, and can induce stomatal aperture of plant leafIt is small and has reduced transpiration. The Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) has extremely strong oxidation effect, can effectively kill bacteria and viruses on the surface of the plant on the one hand, and can effectively remove the ripening gas ethylene on the other hand, thereby prolonging the storage period of the plant. Of course, in other embodiments, the plasma active species may also be an active sulfur species, which may be selected as desired.
In this embodiment, the active nitrogen species (RNS) may be Nitric Oxide (NO), which may effectively improve stress resistance of plants; of course, the active nitrogen substance may also include nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen atoms, peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and other molecules or ions, and may be reasonably arranged as required.
In this embodiment, the preferred concentration of nitric oxide in the space where the food to be stored is placed is 1ppm-100ppm, too low a concentration may not be effective and too high a concentration may cause side effects to harm the plants.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing a specific example of the first electrode and the food storage position provided in the present embodiment, and as shown in fig. 11, the first electrode includes two electrodes, and one electrode is connected to the positive voltage during the positive half period of the output of the rectifying device, which is called a positive electrode; the other electrode is connected to the negative voltage during the negative half cycle of the rectifier output and is referred to as the negative electrode. 1) Placing plants such as green vegetables and fruits on the positive charge plate (contacting with the plants); 2) the negative charge does not need to contact vegetables and fruits (can be arranged according to the rule of 1.5 meters); 3) the positive and negative electrodes can work alternately or simultaneously.
In order to facilitate the switching between the high-voltage positive electric field and the high-voltage negative electric field, on the basis of the food preservation system, as shown in fig. 12, the food preservation system further includes: and the high-voltage electric field control device 7 is respectively connected with the rectifying device 5 and the electrode device 1 and is used for controlling the rectifying waveform output by the rectifying device 5. The rectifying device 5 can output three waveforms, as shown in fig. 13, the waveform (a) is a sine waveform, a sine electric field is generated, and balance between preservation and sterilization is achieved; the waveform (b) is a negative half-cycle waveform, and a negative electric field is generated, so that the preservation is facilitated; the waveform (c) is a positive half-cycle waveform, and a positive electric field is generated, so that bacteriostasis is facilitated. In this embodiment, the high-voltage electric field control device 7 may be an automatic control switch, i.e. the rectifying device is connected with the electrode device through a switch, and the opening and closing of the switch can be controlled by a single chip microcomputer. Other control devices in the prior art can be adopted by a person skilled in the art to realize the switching control of the high-voltage electric field according to the description of the embodiment.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A food preservation system, comprising: the electrode device is connected with an alternating current power supply and food to be stored and used for forming a high-voltage electric field area, and the food to be stored is placed in the high-voltage electric field area.
2. The food freshness system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the boosting device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for boosting the alternating current power supply.
3. The food freshness system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the rectifying device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for rectifying the alternating current power supply.
4. The food freshness system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the voltage reduction filtering device is connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for carrying out voltage reduction filtering on the output of the alternating current power supply.
5. A food freshness retaining system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said electrode means comprises a first ground electrode and at least one first electrode, said first electrode being connected to a first output of said AC power source, said first ground electrode being connected to a second output of said AC power source.
6. A food freshness system according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode comprises a conductor layer and an insulating layer at least partially covering the conductor layer, the insulating layer being connected to the food to be stored.
7. The food freshness system of claim 5, wherein the electrode arrangement further comprises a second ground electrode and at least one second electrode, the second electrode being connected to a first output of the AC power source, the second ground electrode being connected to a second output of the AC power source for generating the plasma active species.
8. The food freshness system of claim 7, wherein the plasma active comprises at least one of a reactive nitrogen species or a reactive oxygen species.
9. The food preservation system according to claim 8, wherein the active nitrogen species comprises nitric oxide.
10. The food freshness system of any one of claims 1-9, further comprising:
and the high-voltage electric field control device is respectively connected with the alternating current power supply and the electrode device and is used for controlling the alternating current waveform output by the alternating current power supply.
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| CN114680265A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-01 | 刘坤 | Fresh-keeping mixed gas and application thereof |
| CN115152836A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-10-11 | 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Pretreatment fresh-keeping method of fresh bamboo shoots |
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