CN110718711B - Acid circulation formation system for tightly-assembled battery and formation method using same - Google Patents
Acid circulation formation system for tightly-assembled battery and formation method using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110718711B CN110718711B CN201910838749.6A CN201910838749A CN110718711B CN 110718711 B CN110718711 B CN 110718711B CN 201910838749 A CN201910838749 A CN 201910838749A CN 110718711 B CN110718711 B CN 110718711B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a tightly-assembled battery acid circulation formation system and a formation method using the same, and belongs to the technical field of storage batteries. The system comprises an acid inlet storage tank and an acid outlet storage tank, wherein the acid inlet storage tank and the acid outlet storage tank are respectively communicated with a plurality of tightly-assembled batteries through an acid inlet pipeline and an acid outlet pipeline, the acid outlet storage tank is connected with a negative pressure device, the tightly-assembled batteries comprise a battery jar with one side open and a battery cover in sealing fit with the open end of the battery jar, the bottom of the battery jar bottom and the battery cover are respectively provided with an acid inlet and an acid outlet corresponding to a battery cell, a pole group is tightly assembled in the battery cell, the front side, the back side and the lower side of the pole group tightly support the cell, and a gap for acid liquor circulation is reserved between the rest sides and the cell. The gap between the electrode group and the single lattice is used as an electrolyte exchange channel, the negative pressure device gives negative pressure to the system, the acid liquor flows in a single direction, the acid inlet is matched with the acid outlet to realize acid exchange, the formation procedure can be paused at any time in the formation process to exchange acid, and the formation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of storage batteries, in particular to a tightly-assembled battery acid circulation formation system and a formation method using the same.
Background
During the formation process, there is mainly an exchange equilibrium between the electrolyte and heat with the outside. In the early stage of formation after the addition of acid, lead oxide and the like in the polar plate react with added sulfuric acid to generate a large amount of heat, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is reduced, the heat is released to the outside along with the passage of time, and the temperature of the electrolyte is gradually reduced. Because the charging is exothermic reaction and the discharging is endothermic reaction, the temperature of the electrolyte sometimes rises and sometimes falls in the formation process, but the electric quantity charged in the formation process is large, the heat effect of current always exists, and the whole system of the pole group and the electrolyte dissipates heat to the outside. The electrolyte dissipates to the outside along with heat, and particularly in the later formation stage, water in the electrolyte is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen to escape to the outside, so that the amount of the electrolyte is reduced. With the progress of the formation electrochemical reaction, sulfuric acid is released from the polar plate, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid rises.
In a flooded cell, the electrolyte can flow back and forth in the cell during formation due to the large gap between the plates and separators. The existing acid circulation container formation system for the storage battery mainly introduces acid liquor in a circulation groove into the battery through a guide pipe and the like, then the acid liquor enters an acid return groove through the guide pipe and the like, and finally the acid liquor returns to the circulation groove to complete an acid liquor circulation process, and heat and hydrogen generated in the container formation process of the battery can be taken away in the process.
For the valve-regulated battery which is tightly assembled, the electrolyte is in a poor solution state, the front, the back, the left, the right and the lower parts of the pole group are in close contact with the battery tank, the electrolyte is adsorbed in the pole plate and the partition plate, the flowable electrolyte in the battery is very little, even in a rich solution environment during formation, only the upper part of the pole group can exchange substances with the outside, and the exchange rate of the electrolyte is very low, so that the acid circulation container formation system of the existing rich solution battery is not suitable for tightly assembling the valve-regulated battery.
In addition, because the electrolyte is an excellent ionic conductor, in the acid circulation formation system of the conventional rich-solution battery, the electrolyte flows out from the same position and finally joins at the same other position, so that different batteries and different cells in the same loop are connected and short-circuited by the electrolyte, thereby generating leakage current and having low formation efficiency. Even if the bubbles generated during formation can partially cut off the current and reduce the leakage current, the leakage current cannot be completely eliminated. The electrical spark generated by the leakage current may even ignite the hydrogen generated by the water decomposition during the formation process, with the risk of explosion and fire.
When the conventional tightly assembled AGM battery is formed, power needs to be supplied to ensure the acid content in the finished batteryAdding a higher density (e.g. 1.26 g/cm) to the pool3) The sulfuric acid solution is used for formation, and because the battery can generate a large amount of heat in the formation process, and acid liquor in the battery is less, circulating water is required to be used outside the battery for cooling. In order to maintain the consistency of the battery, the battery formation is generally carried out by adopting a method of quantitatively adding acid and extracting acid in the later stage of formation, and the requirement on equipment is high.
Therefore, the acid circulation formation system suitable for the tightly assembled battery is developed, and the formation is carried out by using the circularly flowing electrolyte, so that the electrolyte in the battery has enough exchange capacity with the outside, and the problem can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an acid circulation formation system for a tightly assembled battery, which realizes that the electrolyte in the battery has enough exchange capacity with the outside in the formation process of the battery so as to solve the problems that the conventional tightly assembled AGM battery needs to be quantitatively added with acid in the formation process, the formation efficiency is low, the heat productivity is high, the outside of the battery needs to be cooled by circulating water, and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tight-assembly battery acid recycling formation system comprises an acid inlet storage tank and an acid outlet storage tank, wherein the acid inlet storage tank and the acid outlet storage tank are respectively communicated with a plurality of tight-assembly batteries through an acid inlet pipeline and an acid outlet pipeline, the acid outlet storage tank is connected with a negative pressure device, the tight-assembly batteries comprise a battery jar with one side opened and a battery cover in sealing fit with the opening end of the battery jar, the battery jar is internally divided into a plurality of single lattices by partition plates, acid inlets corresponding to the single lattices one by one are arranged at the bottom of the jar relative to the opening end, the acid inlets are communicated with the acid inlet pipeline, acid outlets corresponding to the single lattices one by one are arranged on the battery cover, and the acid outlets are communicated with the acid outlet pipeline; when the battery is formed, the open end of the battery jar is placed for the side, the single lattice is internally and tightly assembled with the pole group, the front side, the back side and the lower side of the pole group tightly support the single lattice, and gaps for acid liquor circulation are reserved between the other sides and the single lattice.
The invention improves the battery shell structure of the tightly assembled battery, and reserves a space between the pole group and the shell as a channel for electrolyte circulation and exchange, so that the battery has feasibility of acid exchange.
The front and back surfaces of the pole group refer to the plane where the pole plates are located. When the electrolyte is formed, the pole group is horizontally arranged in a lateral direction, namely, one side with a bus bar corresponds to the bottom of the battery jar or the battery cover, the front side, the rear side and the lower side of the pole group are tightly contacted with the single grids and are tightly assembled under the combined action of the battery jar, the polar plate and the partition plate, and gaps are formed in the left side, the right side and the upper side of the pole group and are used as electrolyte exchange channels.
Preferably, the positive and negative bus bars of the electrode group are respectively arranged at opposite angles of the electrode group, and the battery cover and the bottom of the battery groove are provided with limit grooves matched with the bus bars. The limiting groove is used for positioning the left side and the right side of the pole group to prevent the pole group from moving left and right.
Preferably, the height of the acid inlet corresponding to each unit cell is higher than that of the acid outlet, and the same height difference is kept. During acid feeding, the acid liquor flows from a high position to a low position, and during formation, generated gas overflows from an acid feeding port.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the acid inlet pipeline is larger than that of the acid outlet pipeline, so that the situation of excessive acid pumping caused by sudden change of negative pressure is avoided.
The acid circulation formation system further comprises an acid adding kettle, the acid adding kettle comprises a kettle body and a cover body, the kettle body is formed by a plurality of monomer kettles, the monomer kettles correspond to the single lattices, the cover body is in sealing fit with the kettle body, each monomer kettle is provided with an acid adding nozzle matched with an acid inlet, acid injection holes corresponding to each monomer kettle are formed in the cover body and are communicated with acid inlet pipelines, and the height of each acid injection hole of each monomer kettle is higher than that of the corresponding single lattice and keeps the same height difference.
The acid adding nozzle and the acid injection hole are correspondingly arranged, the battery can be fully filled with electrolyte under the action of negative pressure given by the negative pressure device, the height of the liquid level in the battery is determined by the position of the acid injection hole of the acid adding kettle, the height of the acid injection hole of the monomer kettle and the corresponding battery cell are arranged to keep a certain height, and the acid liquid in each cell can be ensured to be consistent no matter which height position the battery is in. Like this can make full use of space, make the multilayer charging frame, the battery begins to add sour, the same time fills up sour at the same time, and it is even to generate heat in the battery, avoids the battery that exists among the prior art because of adding sour time difference, but the same time begins to become the problem that the heat difference that causes is big.
Preferably, the cover body is provided with an exhaust hole corresponding to each monomer kettle and positioned above the acid injection hole, and the exhaust hole is provided with a baffle plate which can be turned outwards in a unidirectional way.
The separation blade is connected with the exhaust hole through a pin shaft, and the separation blade can turn around the pin shaft. When negative pressure exists in the single kettle, the blocking piece is pressed against the exhaust hole under the pressure action of atmospheric pressure to ensure the air tightness in the acid kettle, and the acid liquor flows in a single direction under the action of the negative pressure of the system; the battery is at the gas that becomes the in-process and produce, when every accumulation reaches certain pressure, can outwards push open the separation blade through the exhaust hole, outwards exhausts, avoids taking place because of the danger that atmospheric pressure too high leads to the explosion. In addition, because the position of the exhaust hole is higher than that of the acid filling hole, even if the liquid level in the acid kettle is raised due to generated gas, the electrolyte cannot leak outwards.
Preferably, the acid adding nozzle is inserted with an exhaust inserting piece which plays a role of separating an acid adding pore passage, gas can be generated during formation of the battery, after the pore passage is separated, one side of the pore passage is used as a gas exhaust passage, the other side of the pore passage is used as a passage for acid liquid to enter the battery, and the pressure in the battery is kept unchanged so that the gas can be exhausted in time.
The periphery of the acid adding nozzle is sleeved with a rubber joint matched with the acid inlet of the single cell of the battery, so that the connection tightness of the acid adding nozzle and the single cell of the battery is ensured.
Preferably, the acid adding kettle is provided with a supporting seat for supporting the kettle body to keep the acid adding nozzle flush with the acid inlet of the tightly assembled battery.
Preferably, the acid inlet pipeline and the acid outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a switch valve. When the switch valve is closed, no ion conduction channel exists between each single battery and the outside. During formation, short circuit caused by acid liquor communication cannot be generated among the battery cells, no leakage current is generated, and the problem of short circuit and leakage in the existing acid circulation formation process is effectively solved.
Preferably, the acid inlet pipeline and the acid outlet pipeline are elastic hoses, the switch valve is composed of a pressure seat and a pressing strip which can move relatively, the elastic hoses penetrate between the pressure seat and the pressing strip, and the pressing strip is driven by a cylinder to move back and forth to press or restore the elastic hoses so as to control the blocking or the circulation of the acid liquor.
Preferably, an evacuation valve connected with the outside air is arranged on the acid inlet pipeline. After the formation is finished, the emptying valve is opened, the acid inlet pipeline is communicated with the outside air, the negative pressure device is started, and free acid liquid in the battery is pumped out under the action of negative pressure, so that the acid pumping is realized.
Preferably, an acid liquid pump for driving the acid liquid to be pumped back to the acid storage tank is arranged between the acid outlet storage tank and the acid inlet storage tank. And when the acid liquor in the acid outlet storage tank reaches a certain height, opening an acid liquor pump to pump the acid liquor, filtering and removing impurities from the acid liquor, transferring the acid liquor into the acid storage tank, and reconfiguring the electrolyte.
The invention also provides a method for performing internal formation of the tightly assembled battery by using the acid recycling formation system of the tightly assembled battery, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding acid: opening the negative pressure device, allowing the acid liquid to flow into the tightly assembled battery from the acid inlet storage tank through the acid inlet pipeline under the action of negative pressure, and closing the negative pressure device, the acid outlet pipeline and the acid inlet pipeline in sequence after the tightly assembled battery is filled with acid;
(2) formation: connecting the tightly assembled battery with a formation loop, and performing formation according to a set program;
(3) acid exchange: pausing formation, sequentially opening an acid inlet pipeline, an acid outlet pipeline and a negative pressure device, changing acid, and sequentially closing the negative pressure device, the acid outlet pipeline and the acid inlet pipeline after the acid change is finished;
(4) continuously forming;
(5) repeating the steps (3) to (4) for a plurality of times;
(6) and after the formation is finished, pumping acid, separating the tightly assembled battery from the acid circulation formation system, mounting safety valves at the acid inlet and the acid outlet, and finishing the assembly to obtain a battery finished product.
In the step (1), the electrolyte is fully filled with the batteries under the action of negative pressure, the acid outlet pipeline and the acid inlet pipeline are sequentially closed, and no ion conductive channel exists between each single battery and the outside, so that short circuit and electric leakage are avoided during formation.
In the step (2), after the battery is added with acid for a period of time, the battery is connected into a formation loop by using a charging clamp and a line, and the battery is formed according to a set formation program. The formation process can adopt the existing formation process.
In the steps (3) to (4), after the internalization is carried out for a period of time, the internal temperature of the battery rises, and acid exchange is required. And (3) pausing the formation procedure, wherein no current passes through the battery and the acid inlet and outlet pipeline systems, and opening the acid inlet pipeline, the acid outlet pipeline and the negative pressure device in sequence to change the acid. The acid exchange can reduce the internal temperature of the battery and exchange the density of the electrolyte in the battery. The density and temperature of the electrolyte used for the exchange were manually adjusted in advance in the acid inlet storage tank. And after the acid is changed, the formation procedure is recovered to continue the formation.
The above steps are repeated, and the density and the temperature of the electrolyte in the battery can be controlled through multiple acid changing, so that the formation efficiency is improved.
In the step (6), after the formation is finished, the formation procedure is stopped, the acid outlet pipeline and the acid inlet pipeline are opened, the acid inlet pipeline is communicated with the outside air, the negative pressure device is started, and most of free acid in the battery is pumped out under the negative pressure effect. And then removing pipelines and lines connected on the battery, pouring out residual acid, covering a safety valve, cleaning, covering a cover plate and the like according to a conventional method, and finishing battery assembly.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention improves the battery case structure of the tightly assembled battery, the pole group in the single lattice is horizontally arranged in the lateral direction, the front and back sides and the lower side surface of the pole group are tightly contacted with the single lattice, and certain gaps are arranged between other side surfaces and the single lattice to be used as electrolyte exchange channels.
The bottom of the battery jar and the battery cover are respectively provided with a safety valve corresponding to each single lattice, and the safety valves are respectively used as an acid inlet and an acid outlet during acid adding and can realize acid change in a matching way.
(2) The negative pressure device gives the negative pressure to the system, so that the acid liquor flows in one direction, the height of the acid injection hole of the acid adding kettle keeps a certain height with the corresponding battery cell, the acid adding of each cell is consistent, the quantitative acid adding is not needed, the equipment, the field and the labor of the original acid adding process can be reduced, the batteries can be stacked in multiple layers, the space is fully utilized, and the formation field is reduced.
(3) The acid inlet pipeline and the acid outlet pipeline are both provided with a switch valve, the switch valve is opened when acid is added or changed, and the switch valve is closed when formation is carried out, so that short circuit and electric leakage caused by electrolyte communication among the single batteries are avoided.
(4) The acid circulation formation system provided by the invention can suspend the formation program to change acid in the formation process, is simple to operate, can automatically control the opening and closing of the pipeline through a remote place, and has short acid changing time and high efficiency. The electrolyte can be replaced at any time, so that the temperature in the battery is reduced, the formation charging current can be improved, and the formation time is shortened; in addition, the electrolytes with different densities can be used in different stages of formation, so that the formation efficiency is improved, and the formation time is further shortened.
The heat in the battery can be quickly discharged by changing the acid, so that circulating cooling water is not needed outside the battery, and the equipment investment and the operation difficulty are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a close-packed battery acid recycling system of the present invention, in which arrows indicate the direction of acid flow.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tightly assembled battery and a acidification kettle in the system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the assembled battery and the acid adding pot, wherein the solid arrows indicate the flowing direction of the acid liquor and the hollow arrows indicate the gas exhausting direction.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the acid adding kettle.
Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the acid adding kettle.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the switch valve, wherein (a) is an open state of the switch valve, and (B) is a closed state of the switch valve.
The symbols in the figure represent respectively: 1. an acid inlet storage tank, 2, an acid outlet storage tank, 3, a tightly assembled battery, 31, a battery tank, 311, an acid inlet, 32, a battery cover, 321, an acid outlet, 33, a pole group, 4, a negative pressure device, 5, an acid adding pot, 51, a monomer pot, 511, an acid adding nozzle, 52, a cover body, 521, an acid injection hole, 522, an exhaust hole, 523, a baffle, 53, an exhaust insertion piece, 54, a rubber joint, 55, a support seat, 61, an acid inlet main pipe, 611, an exhaust valve, 612, an acid inlet control valve, 62, an acid inlet branch hose, 63, a first switch valve, 631, a pressure seat, 632, a pressure strip, 633, a cylinder, 71, an acid outlet main pipe, 72, an acid outlet branch hose, 73, a second switch valve, 8, an acid return pipeline, 9, an acid liquid pump, 81 and an acid outlet control valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention thereto.
As shown in fig. 1-5, this embodiment provides a tight-fit battery acid recycling formation system, including entering sour holding vessel 1 and going out sour holding vessel 2, enter sour holding vessel 1 and go out sour holding vessel 2 and communicate with a plurality of tight-fit battery 3 through entering sour pipeline and going out sour pipeline respectively, go out sour holding vessel 2 and connect negative pressure device 4, open when negative pressure device 4, under the negative pressure effect, enter the electrolyte in sour holding vessel 1 and flow into tight-fit battery 3 inside through the pipeline.
The tight-fit battery 3 comprises a battery jar 31 with an opening at one side and a battery cover 32 in sealing fit with the opening end of the battery jar, the battery jar 31 is internally divided into a plurality of single lattices by partition plates, acid inlets 311 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the single lattices are arranged at the bottom of the groove opposite to the opening end, acid outlets 321 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the single lattices are arranged on the battery cover 32, during formation, the opening end of the battery jar is placed on the side, namely the acid inlets 311 and the acid outlets 321 are arranged on the left side and the right side, the acid inlets 311 which correspond to each single lattice are higher than the acid outlets 321, the same height difference is kept, and acid liquid flows from the high position to the low position during acid inlet.
The pole group 33 is tightly assembled in the single lattice, the pole group 33 is horizontally arranged in the lateral direction, namely two sides with the bus bars respectively correspond to the bottom of the battery jar 31 or the battery cover 32, the front side, the back side (namely the plane where the pole plates are located) and the lower side of the pole group 33 tightly support the single lattice, and gaps for acid liquor to flow are reserved between the other sides and the single lattice. Spaces reserved between the left side surface, the right side surface, the upper side surface and the shell of the pole group 33 are used as passages for circulation and exchange of electrolyte, so that the feasibility of acid exchange is realized.
Specifically, the positive and negative bus bars of the electrode group 33 are respectively arranged at the diagonal positions of the electrode group, the bottoms of the battery cover 32 and the battery jar 31 are provided with limit grooves matched with the bus bars, and the limit grooves position the left and right sides of the electrode group 33 to prevent the electrode group 33 from moving left and right. The positive and negative faces of the pole group 33 are tightly fitted to the case, and the lower face is tightly fitted to the case, so that the pole group does not move in the battery.
The acid adding pot 5 is arranged at the acid inlet end of the tightly assembled battery 3, the acid adding pot 5 comprises a pot body and a cover body 52, the pot body is composed of a plurality of monomer pots 51 corresponding to the single grids, the cover body 52 is in sealing fit with the pot body, the monomer pot 51 is provided with an acid adding nozzle 511 matched with the acid inlet 311, the cover body 52 is provided with an acid injection hole 521 corresponding to each monomer pot 51, the acid adding nozzle 511 and the acid injection hole 521 are arranged in a left-right corresponding mode, the acid injection holes 521 are communicated with an acid inlet pipeline, and the height of each monomer pot acid injection hole 521 is higher than that of the corresponding single grid and keeps the same height difference.
The battery can be fully filled with electrolyte under the negative pressure effect that negative pressure device gave, and the position of the acid filling hole 521 of acidification kettle 5 decides the battery internal liquid level height, and the setting height of acid filling hole 521 keeps certain height with corresponding battery cell, no matter which high position the battery is in, all can guarantee that the acidizing fluid volume in every cell is unanimous. Like this can make full use of space, make the multilayer charging frame, the battery begins to add sour, the same time fills up sour at the same time, and it is even to generate heat in the battery, avoids the battery that exists among the prior art because of adding sour time difference, but the same time begins to become the problem that the heat difference that causes is big.
The cover body 52 is provided with an exhaust hole 522 corresponding to each single kettle 51 and located above the acid injection hole 521, the exhaust hole 522 is provided with a blocking piece 523 which can be turned outwards in a one-way manner, the blocking piece 523 is connected with the exhaust hole 522 through a pin shaft, the blocking piece 523 can be turned around the pin shaft, when negative pressure exists inside the single kettle 51, the blocking piece 523 is tightly pressed against the exhaust hole 522 under the pressure action of atmospheric pressure, the air tightness inside the acid kettle is ensured, and the blocking piece 523 is matched with the negative pressure of a system to play a role of a one-way valve.
The battery generates gas in the formation process, and when certain pressure is accumulated, the blocking sheet 523 can be pushed open outwards through the vent hole 522 to exhaust the gas to the outside, so that the danger of explosion caused by overhigh gas pressure is avoided. Since the exhaust hole 522 is positioned higher than the acid filling hole 521, even if the generated gas causes the liquid level in the acid pot to rise, the electrolyte does not leak outwards.
The vent insert 53 is inserted in the pore channel of the acid adding nozzle 511, because the battery can generate gas during formation, after the pore channel is separated by the vent insert 53, one side of the pore channel is used as a gas discharge channel, the other side of the pore channel is used as a channel for acid liquor to enter the battery, and the pressure in the battery is kept unchanged, so that the gas can be discharged in time.
The periphery of the acid adding nozzle 511 is sleeved with a rubber joint 54 matched with the single-cell acid inlet 311 of the battery, so that the connection tightness of the two is ensured.
The acid adding pot 5 is also provided with a support seat 55 for supporting the pot body to keep the acid adding nozzle 511 flush with the acid inlet 311 of the tightly assembled battery.
The acid inlet pipeline is divided into an acid inlet main pipe 61 and a plurality of groups of acid inlet branch hoses 62, the acid inlet end of the acid inlet main pipe 61 is connected to the bottom of the acid inlet storage tank 1, the acid outlet end of the acid inlet main pipe is connected with each acid inlet branch hose 62, the acid outlet end of each group of acid inlet branch hoses is respectively connected with the acid filling pot acid filling hole 521 corresponding to each tightly assembled battery, and each group of acid inlet branch hoses is provided with a first switch valve 63. The acid outlet pipeline is divided into an acid outlet main pipe 71 and a plurality of groups of acid outlet branch hoses 72, the acid inlet end of each group of acid outlet branch hoses 72 is respectively connected with the corresponding acid outlet 321 of each tightly assembled battery, the acid outlet end is connected with the acid outlet main pipe 71, the acid outlet end of the acid outlet main pipe 71 is connected with the acid outlet storage tank 2, and each group of acid outlet branch hoses 72 is provided with a second switch valve 73. The acid inlet branch hose 62 and the acid outlet branch hose 72 are made of acid-resistant rubber. The pipe diameters of the acid inlet pipelines are all larger than those of the acid outlet pipelines.
The first switch valve 63 and the second switch valve 73 are both composed of a pressing seat 631 and a pressing strip 632 which can move relatively, the elastic branch hose penetrates between the pressing seat 631 and the pressing strip 632, and the pressing strip 632 is driven by a cylinder 633 to move back and forth to press or restore the elastic hose, so as to control the blocking or flowing of the acid liquor, as shown in fig. 6. After the first switch valve 63 and the second switch valve 73 are closed simultaneously, no ion conductive channel exists between each single battery and the outside, and during formation, short circuit caused by acid liquid communication cannot be generated between battery cells, no leakage current is generated, and the problem of short circuit and leakage in the existing acid circulation formation process is effectively solved. When the formation program is stopped, the switch valve is opened, no current exists in the loop, and short circuit and electric leakage cannot be generated.
An emptying valve 611 connected with the outside air is arranged on the acid inlet manifold 61, and an acid inlet control valve 612 is arranged at the acid inlet end of the acid inlet manifold 61. After the formation is finished, the acid inlet control valve 612 is closed, the emptying valve 611 is opened, the acid inlet pipeline is communicated with the outside air, the negative pressure device 4 is opened, and the free acid liquid in the battery is pumped out under the action of negative pressure, so that the acid pumping is realized.
An acid return pipeline 8 is arranged between the acid outlet storage tank 2 and the acid inlet storage tank 1, the liquid inlet end of the acid return pipeline 8 is connected with the acid outlet storage tank 2, the liquid outlet end of the acid return pipeline 8 is connected with the acid inlet storage tank 1, and an acid liquid pump 9 for driving the acid liquid to be pumped back to the acid inlet storage tank 1 is arranged on the acid return pipeline 8. An acid outlet control valve 81 is arranged at the acid inlet end of the acid return pipeline 8, when the acid liquor in the acid outlet storage tank 2 reaches a certain height, the acid outlet control valve 81 is opened, the acid liquor pump 9 is opened to pump the acid liquor, the acid liquor is filtered and the impurities are removed, then the acid liquor is transferred into the acid inlet storage tank 1, and the electrolyte is configured again.
Based on the acid circulation formation system for the tightly assembled battery, the embodiment provides an acid circulation formation method, which includes the following steps:
(1) and connecting the tightly assembled battery 3 with an acid adding kettle 5, an acid inlet pipeline and an acid outlet pipeline. And opening the acid inlet control valve 612, the first switch valve 63 and the second switch valve 73, starting the negative pressure device 4, and allowing the acid liquid to flow into the tightly assembled battery 3 from the acid inlet storage tank 1 through the acid inlet pipeline under the action of negative pressure to realize acid addition.
After the acid is filled, the negative pressure device 4 is closed firstly, the negative pressure pumping is stopped, the energy is saved, the second switch valve 73 and the first switch valve 63 are closed in sequence, and the short circuit caused by the communication of the acid liquor cannot be generated between the battery cells.
(2) After the batteries are added with acid for a period of time, the batteries are connected into a formation loop by using a charging clamp and a line, and the batteries are formed according to a set formation program. The formation process can adopt the existing formation process.
(3) Before the acid is required to be changed, the formation procedure is suspended, the acid inlet control valve 612, the first switch valve 63 and the second switch valve 73 are opened, and the negative pressure device 4 is opened, so that the acid can be changed. The acid exchange can reduce the temperature of the electrolyte in the battery and exchange the density of the electrolyte in the battery. The density and temperature of the acid-feeding electrolyte can be adjusted in the acid-feeding storage tank 1 manually. The formation efficiency can be improved and the temperature of the electrolyte can be controlled through multiple acid changing.
And after the acid is changed, the negative pressure pumping is stopped, the second switch valve 73, the first switch valve 63 and the acid inlet control valve 612 are closed in sequence, and the formation procedure is recovered, so that the formation can be continued.
When the electrolyte stored in the acid storage barrel 2 reaches a certain height, the acid outlet control valve 81 can be opened, and the electrolyte can be pumped out by opening the acid liquid pump 9. After standing and filtering the electrolyte and removing impurities, the electrolyte can be transferred into an acid storage barrel 1 to prepare the electrolyte.
(4) After the formation is finished, the formation procedure is stopped, the second switch valve 73, the first switch valve 63 and the emptying valve 611 are opened, and the negative pressure device 4 is opened, so that most of free acid in the battery can be pumped out. Then, the negative pressure is stopped, and the second switching valve 73, the first switching valve 63, and the drain valve 611 are closed. And removing the charging clamp, the acid pipe and the acid adding kettle among the batteries, and obliquely inverting the batteries for a period of time to pour out the residual acid in the batteries.
After the formation of the battery is finished, the safety valve is covered, the battery is cleaned, a cover plate is opened and the like according to a conventional method, and then the battery assembly is completed.
The tight fit battery case provided by the embodiment reserves space between the cell and the pole group, and the acid adding port and the acid outlet port corresponding to the cell are respectively arranged on the bottom of the battery case and the battery cover, so that feasibility is provided for acid change. The formation procedure can be suspended to change the acid in the formation process, the operation is simple, the opening and closing of the pipeline can be controlled automatically through a remote place, the acid changing time is short, and the efficiency is high. The electrolyte can be replaced at any time, so that the temperature in the battery is reduced, the formation charging current can be increased, and the formation time is shortened; in addition, the electrolyte with different densities can be used in different stages of formation, so that the formation efficiency is improved, and the formation time is further shortened.
The exchanged electrolyte can rapidly discharge heat in the battery, circulating cooling water is not needed outside the battery, a cooling water tank is not needed, and equipment investment and operation difficulty are reduced.
The batteries can be stacked on the charging rack in multiple layers, so that the space is fully utilized, and the formation field is reduced.
Claims (9)
1. A tight-assembly battery acid recycling formation system comprises an acid inlet storage tank and an acid outlet storage tank, wherein the acid inlet storage tank and the acid outlet storage tank are respectively communicated with a plurality of tight-assembly batteries through an acid inlet pipeline and an acid outlet pipeline; during formation, the open end of the battery jar is placed in a side face, the single lattice is internally and tightly assembled with the pole group, the front face, the back face and the lower side face of the pole group tightly support the single lattice, and gaps for acid liquor circulation are reserved between the other side faces and the single lattice;
the acid adding kettle comprises a kettle body and a cover body, the kettle body is formed by a plurality of monomer kettles corresponding to the single lattices, the cover body is in sealing fit with the kettle body, each monomer kettle is provided with an acid adding nozzle matched with the acid inlet, the cover body is provided with an acid injection hole corresponding to each monomer kettle, the acid injection holes are communicated with the acid inlet pipelines, and the height of each acid injection hole of each monomer kettle is higher than that of the corresponding single lattice and keeps the same height difference.
2. The acid recycling system for the close-fit battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positive and negative bus bars of the pole group are respectively disposed at the opposite corners of the pole group, and the battery cover and the bottom of the battery groove are provided with limit grooves engaged with the bus bars.
3. The acid circulation system for the tightly assembled battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cover body is provided with an exhaust hole corresponding to each single pot and located above the acid injection hole, and the exhaust hole is provided with a blocking piece capable of turning over in one direction towards the outside.
4. The tight fitting battery acid recycling system of claim 1, wherein the acid adding pot is provided with a support seat for supporting the pot body to keep the acid adding nozzle flush with the acid inlet of the tight fitting battery.
5. The acid recycling system for the tightly assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein the acid inlet pipeline and the acid outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a switch valve.
6. The system for acid recycling of tightly assembled batteries according to claim 5, wherein the acid inlet and outlet pipes are flexible tubes, the switch valve is composed of a pressing seat and a pressing strip which can move relatively, the flexible tube is arranged between the pressing seat and the pressing strip in a penetrating manner, and the pressing strip is driven by the cylinder to move back and forth to press or restore the flexible tube, so as to control the blocking or circulation of the acid solution.
7. The tight fitting battery acid recycling system of claim 1, wherein the acid inlet line is provided with an evacuation valve connected to outside air.
8. The tight fitting battery acid recycling system of claim 1, wherein an acid pump is provided between the acid outlet storage tank and the acid inlet storage tank to drive the acid pump to pump acid back into the acid storage tank.
9. A method of tight cell internalization using the tight cell acid-cycler system of any of claims 1-8, comprising:
(1) adding acid: opening the negative pressure device, allowing the acid liquid to flow into the tightly assembled battery from the acid inlet storage tank through the acid inlet pipeline under the action of negative pressure, and closing the negative pressure device, the acid outlet pipeline and the acid inlet pipeline in sequence after the tightly assembled battery is filled with acid;
(2) formation: connecting the tightly assembled battery with a formation loop, and performing formation according to a set program;
(3) acid exchange: pausing formation, sequentially opening an acid inlet pipeline, an acid outlet pipeline and a negative pressure device, changing acid, and sequentially closing the negative pressure device, the acid outlet pipeline and the acid inlet pipeline after the acid change is finished;
(4) continuously forming;
(5) repeating the steps (3) to (4) for a plurality of times;
(6) and after the formation is finished, pumping acid, separating the tightly assembled battery from the acid circulation formation system, mounting safety valves at the acid inlet and the acid outlet, and finishing the assembly to obtain a battery finished product.
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| CN112952227B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2023-03-28 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Acid circulation formation system and acid circulation formation method |
| CN112952306B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2023-03-14 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Quantitative acid adding system without using quantitative acid adding machine and acid adding process |
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