CN110715909A - Multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device - Google Patents
Multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110715909A CN110715909A CN201911057258.4A CN201911057258A CN110715909A CN 110715909 A CN110715909 A CN 110715909A CN 201911057258 A CN201911057258 A CN 201911057258A CN 110715909 A CN110715909 A CN 110715909A
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
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- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
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Abstract
A multi-channel, multi-reflection gas detection apparatus, comprising: a plurality of laser light sources for outputting a plurality of beams of laser light parallel to each other; the at least one focusing mirror is used for converging the laser output by the plurality of laser light sources, and each focusing mirror corresponds to at least one laser light source; the multiple reflection pool can contain gas to be detected, and each laser beam converged by the focusing mirror enters the multiple reflection pool along the off-axis direction and is output from different positions of the multiple reflection pool after being reflected for multiple times. The invention solves the contradiction between the small volume of the reflecting pool and the detection of multi-component gas, and can realize the detection of various gases in a single set of instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas detection, in particular to a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device.
Background
Currently, absorption spectroscopy is widely used in various fields such as oil exploration and breath detection, and is a single-channel detection method, that is, a reflective cell and a detector are required to be respectively configured for detecting each component of gas, so that the size of a detection device is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus, which is intended to at least partially solve at least one of the above mentioned technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a multi-channel, multi-reflection gas detection apparatus, comprising: a plurality of laser light sources for outputting a plurality of beams of laser light parallel to each other; the at least one focusing mirror is used for converging the laser output by the plurality of laser light sources, and each focusing mirror corresponds to at least one laser light source; the multiple reflection pool can contain gas to be detected, and each laser beam converged by the focusing mirror enters the multiple reflection pool along the off-axis direction and is output from different positions of the multiple reflection pool after being reflected for multiple times.
Wherein, the multiple reflection pond is provided with at least one entry hole and a plurality of exit holes, wherein: the number of the entry holes is the same as that of the focusing lenses, and the entry holes and the focusing lenses are respectively arranged at the focuses of the focusing lenses in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the number of the emergent holes is the same as that of the laser light sources, and the emergent holes are respectively arranged at the emergent points of each laser beam in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Wherein, gaseous detection device of multichannel many reflections still includes: and the detectors are the same in number and correspond to the exit holes one by one, and are used for respectively detecting the laser output by each exit hole.
The multi-reflection pool is a Herriott pool and comprises two concave reflection mirrors which are oppositely arranged.
The two concave reflectors are same in specification and are symmetrically arranged, and the design parameters of the multiple reflection pool meet the following conditions: n | θ | ═ 2M pi; cos (θ) ═ 1-R/d; wherein, N is the preset reflection times of the laser in the multi-reflection pool, theta is the angle formed by the laser between two continuous reflections, M is the number of tracks before the laser leaves the multi-reflection pool, R is the curvature radius of the concave reflecting mirror, and d is the distance between the two concave reflecting mirrors.
Wherein the position of the laser relative to the focusing mirror satisfies the following relationship: thetaiArctan (2 h/r); wherein, thetaiAn included angle between the laser converged by the focusing lens and the optical axis of the focusing lens, h is the distance between the laser and the optical axis of the focusing lens, and r is the focusing lensThe radius of curvature of (a).
The focusing mirror is a concave reflecting mirror or a convex lens.
And the reflection times of each laser beam in the reflecting pool are more than or equal to 12.
Wherein the gas to be detected is a multi-component gas.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the laser of a plurality of laser light sources is converged and incident into the same multi-reflecting pool, different incident positions or incident angles are realized by adjusting the positions of the laser light sources and the focusing mirror, and the laser can be output from different positions of the multi-reflecting pool and respectively detected, so that the multi-channel simultaneous detection in a single detection device is realized, and the volume of the detection device is greatly reduced;
(2) based on the multi-channel detection method, the multi-component gas can be simultaneously detected, the requirement on the gas quantity to be detected is reduced, the method has great use value particularly for diagnosing various diseases in expiration, and the requirement on the expiration volume of a patient is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Herriott cell of the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reflection points of the near and far mirrors in the Herriott cell in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the reflection of the focusing mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the optical simulation effect of a laser beam in a Herriott cell according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the optical simulation effect of FIG. 6 along the optical axis;
fig. 8 is a schematic sectional structure view of a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
First embodiment
As a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus is provided. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to the present embodiment includes: a plurality of laser light sources 10 for outputting a plurality of laser lights parallel to each other; at least one focusing mirror 20 for converging the laser beams outputted from the plurality of laser sources 10, wherein each focusing mirror 20 corresponds to at least one laser source 10; the multiple reflection cell 30 can contain the gas to be measured, and each laser beam converged by the focusing mirror 20 is incident into the multiple reflection cell 30 along the off-axis direction for multiple reflection and then is output from different positions of the multiple reflection cell 30.
In this embodiment, the laser light sources 10 are lasers with different wavelengths, and the specific wavelength selection may satisfy the requirement of the light absorption characteristic of the gas to be measured, for example, for the following gas to be measured, the laser with the corresponding wavelength may be selected correspondingly: NO (5.2 μm), C2H6(3.4μm)、NH3(10.0 μm), OCS (carbonyl sulfide, 4.86 μm), CH4(1.654 μm). The number of laser light sources represents the number of measurement channels, 4 in this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the focusing mirror 20 adopts two concave mirrors plated with gold films to converge the laser output by 4 laser light sources 10, where each focusing mirror 20 corresponds to 2 laser light sources 10. As shown in fig. 1, a focusing mirror 20 and two corresponding laser light sources 10 are shown, and two laser beams converged by the focusing mirror 20 are incident into the multiple reflecting pools along an off-axis direction. Thus, the light can be output from different positions of the multi-reflecting pool based on the difference of the incident position, the incident angle or the reflection times. At the moment, the output laser can be simultaneously and respectively detected by the correspondingly arranged detectors, so that multi-channel detection is realized in the same multi-reflecting pool.
In other embodiments, the number of the focusing mirrors 20 is not limited to two, and may be one or more, and the number of the laser light sources is not limited to 4, but should be at least 2; in this case, the meaning that each focusing mirror corresponds to at least one laser light source means that each focusing mirror 20 can respectively converge the laser light emitted by one or more laser light sources, and the number of the laser light sources corresponding to each focusing mirror 20 may be the same or different, and there is no special limitation on the number.
In this embodiment, the multiple reflecting cell 30 is provided with two incident holes 31, the number of which is the same as that of the focusing mirror 20, and the incident holes are correspondingly arranged at the focal points of the focusing mirror one by one.
The multiple reflection cell 30 is further provided with four exit holes 32, the number of which is the same as that of the laser light sources 10, and the exit holes are correspondingly arranged at the exit points of each laser beam, and the exit points of the laser beams are determined by the reflection times, the laser incident positions and the incident angles.
In this embodiment, the multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus further includes a plurality of detectors 40, which are the same in number and correspond to the exit holes 32 one by one, and respectively detect the laser light output from each exit hole 32.
As shown in fig. 2, the multiple reflection cell 30 is a Herriott cell (Herriott cell), which is less sensitive to vibration interference, and has a structure that increases a gas absorption optical path through the Herriott cell structure to improve detection sensitivity, and the outer wall of the reaction cell is cylindrical, and the inside of the reaction cell is subjected to structural processing (similar to a butt funnel shape, not shown in the figure) according to light distribution and is oxidized and blackened to greatly compress background interference noise.
Specifically, the herriott cell includes two concave mirrors 33 oppositely disposed, and in the present embodiment, the two concave mirrors 33 have the same specification and are symmetrically disposed, but in other embodiments, the two concave mirrors 33 may have different curvature radii. As shown in fig. 3, the distance between the two concave mirrors 33 is d, and for convenience of description, the two concave mirrors respectively located at z-0 and z-d are respectively defined as a near mirror and a far mirror, and the radii of curvature are both R.
When an off-axis beam enters the Herriott cell through one coupling aperture 33a in the near mirror, it propagates back and forth between the near and far mirrors until it exits through another coupling aperture (not shown), which may be located at another suitable location on the near or far mirrors. According to the characteristics of the herriott cell, the continuously reflected light forms an elliptical or circular pattern on the near mirror or the far mirror centered on the optical axis, the shape of the pattern being a function of the radius of curvature of the near mirror and the far mirror, the laser incident position and the incident angle, i.e., the reentrant condition proposed by herriott is satisfied:
Nθ＝2Mπ (1)
wherein N is the preset reflection times of the laser in the multi-reflection pool, theta is the angle formed between two continuous reflections of the laser, and M is the number of tracks before the laser leaves the multi-reflection pool.
In this embodiment, the continuously reflected light forms a circular pattern due to the same radius of curvature of the two concave mirrors, as shown in fig. 4, where θ is the angle between the two continuous reflections, and the point of the nth reflection is on one mirror and the point of the (n + 1) th reflection is on the other mirror (white represents a point on one mirror and black represents the other mirror).
Thus the angle at which two consecutive reflection points are directed on one mirror is 2 θ, and fig. 4 shows that the trajectory of the consecutive reflection points is counterclockwise in the viewing angle looking down from the near mirror to the far mirror along the z-axis direction, however it is also possible that the consecutive reflection points are rotated in the clockwise direction, which is negative for the value of θ, that is, equation (1) can be written:
N|θ|＝2Mπ (2)；
meanwhile, the mirror distance d, the radius of curvature R, and θ are correlated, satisfying:
cos(θ)＝1-R/d (3)；
in this embodiment, each design parameter of the herriott cell is determined by LabVIEW design, and for a laser beam, the curvature radius R of the concave mirror 33 is selected to be 100mm, the given number of reflections N is 30, and the mirror surface distance d is calculated by the formulas (2) and (3).
The embodiment selects a one foot (304.8mm) diameter concave mirror 33 for a given point of incidence that is spaced from the edge. The laser track in the Herriott cell can be determined, namely the incidence angle theta of the laser at the incidence point can be calculatediTo determine the specific location of the laser.
Specifically, according to the concave mirror principle shown in fig. 5, the midpoint on the focusing mirror surface is the vertex a of the mirror, the center of the sphere of the focusing mirror surface is the curvature center O, the radius of the sphere is the curvature radius AO, the length of the sphere is r, the connecting line from the vertex to the curvature center is called the main optical axis AO, the distance from the light source L to the light source B is d, the distance from the light source B to the main optical axis is h, and the included angle θ between the reflected light and the main optical axis isi. The parallel light rays are incident on the concave mirror, and the reflected light rays are collected at a certain point on the main optical axis in front of the concave mirror surface, which is the focal point F, or the principal focal point. The distance from the main focus to the vertex is the main focal length f, which is 1/2 curvature radius r. Thus, it can be seen that
That is, when the focusing mirror is selected (r is a fixed value), then theta isiRelating only to h, the specific position h of the laser can be determined.
Based on the design parameters, multiple reflection of a laser beam is simulated in ZEMAX software, the simulation result is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the simulation result shows that the gas detection precision requirement can be met by reflecting at least 12 times according to the existing requirement on a multiple reflection pool, whereas the laser path reflected by 30 times is ideal, specifically, the laser beam is emitted according to the predicted emergent point, and the graph formed by the reflection point is also approximate to a circle, so that the reliability of the multi-channel detection device is embodied.
Second embodiment
As a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus is provided. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 8, the multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that: the focusing mirror 20 is replaced by a focusing convex lens from a concave reflecting mirror, so that the laser light output by the plurality of laser light sources 10 can be converged at the incident hole 31, and at this time, it is easy to understand that the position of the laser light sources 10 relative to the focusing mirror 20 should be changed correspondingly from being positioned on one side of the focusing mirror to being positioned on the other side of the focusing mirror. The rest of the component structures are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not described herein.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the combination of multiple laser light sources and multiple reflecting cells to realize multi-channel detection, solves the contradiction between the small volume of the reflecting cells and the detection of multi-component gas, can realize the detection of multiple gases in a single set of instrument, has great use value for the diagnosis of multiple diseases of respiratory gas by the detection capability of the multi-component gas, and simultaneously reduces the requirement on the respiratory gas volume of patients.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-channel, multi-reflection gas detection apparatus, comprising:
a plurality of laser light sources for outputting a plurality of beams of laser light parallel to each other;
the at least one focusing mirror is used for converging the laser output by the plurality of laser light sources, and each focusing mirror corresponds to at least one laser light source;
the multiple reflection pool can contain gas to be detected, and each laser beam converged by the focusing mirror enters the multiple reflection pool along the off-axis direction and is output from different positions of the multiple reflection pool after being reflected for multiple times.
2. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-reflection cell is provided with at least one entrance hole and a plurality of exit holes, wherein:
the number of the entry holes is the same as that of the focusing lenses, and the entry holes and the focusing lenses are respectively arranged at the focuses of the focusing lenses in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the number of the emergent holes is the same as that of the laser light sources, and the emergent holes are respectively arranged at the emergent points of each laser beam in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
3. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
and the detectors are the same in number and correspond to the exit holes one by one, and are used for respectively detecting the laser output by each exit hole.
4. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device of claim 1, wherein the multi-reflection cell is a Herriott cell comprising two concave mirrors disposed opposite to each other.
5. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device according to claim 4, wherein the two concave mirrors have the same specification and are symmetrically arranged, and the design parameters of the multi-reflection cell satisfy the following conditions:
N|θ|＝2Mπ；
cos(θ)＝1-R/d；
wherein, N is the preset reflection times of the laser in the multi-reflection pool, theta is the angle formed by the laser between two continuous reflections, M is the number of tracks before the laser leaves the multi-reflection pool, R is the curvature radius of the concave reflecting mirror, and d is the distance between the two concave reflecting mirrors.
6. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the position of the laser with respect to the focusing mirror satisfies the following relationship:
θi＝arctan(2h/r)；
wherein, thetaiThe included angle between the laser converged by the focusing lens and the optical axis of the focusing lens is h, the distance between the laser and the optical axis of the focusing lens is h, and r is the curvature radius of the focusing lens.
7. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device of claim 1, wherein the focusing mirror is a concave mirror or a convex lens.
8. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection device according to claim 1, wherein the number of reflections of each laser beam in the reflection cell is greater than or equal to 12.
9. The multi-channel multi-reflection gas detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas to be detected is a multi-component gas.
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| CN114047132A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-02-15 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Long-optical-path gas absorption cell for multi-gas detection |
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Application publication date: 20200121 |