CN110710965A - Heart rate monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Heart rate monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02405—Determining heart rate variability
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/681—Wristwatch-type devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
- A61B5/7405—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using sound
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
- A61B5/746—Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of medical engineering, and provides a heart rate monitoring method and equipment, wherein the method comprises the steps of acquiring the current heart rate of a user; when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range, determining the current heart rate as an abnormal heart rate; when the current heart rate is within a preset heart rate range, comparing the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate in the same time period, and if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is smaller than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the same period is larger than a preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is an abnormal heart rate; the predicted heart rate in the same time period as the current heart rate is generated according to the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the previous time period of the current time period, and therefore the effectiveness of heart rate monitoring is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to a heart rate monitoring method and heart rate monitoring equipment.
Background
With the aging of population and the accelerated pace of life, more and more people suffer from heart diseases, the heart rate is too slow or too fast frequently, and if the patients cannot be rescued in time, the life danger may occur to the patients. The heart rate of a patient can be monitored by the conventional heart rate monitoring equipment at any time, and the patient can be timely warned when the heart rate is abnormal, so that the patient can be timely rescued and get rid of life risks.
In the prior art, a threshold mode is mainly adopted to monitor the heart rate, and the heart rate exceeding a preset heart rate range (higher than the upper limit of the preset heart rate range or lower than the lower limit of the preset heart rate range) is set as an abnormal heart rate and an alarm is given. However, in practice, it is found that the abnormal heart rate may exist within the preset heart rate range, and how to effectively monitor the abnormal heart rate within the preset heart rate range may cause the patient to fail to timely rescue due to the fact that the patient cannot perceive the abnormal heart rate, which seriously threatens the life of the patient.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a heart rate monitoring method, which can monitor abnormal heart rates exceeding a preset heart rate range, monitor the abnormal heart rates within the preset heart rate range and give an alarm, thereby improving the effectiveness of heart rate monitoring, avoiding the delay of treatment opportunity caused by the fact that the abnormal heart rates cannot be monitored by a patient, and providing guarantee for timely treatment of the patient when the abnormal heart rates occur.
The embodiment of the invention provides a heart rate monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the current heart rate of a user;
when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range, determining the current heart rate as an abnormal heart rate;
when the current heart rate is within a preset heart rate range, comparing the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate in the same time period, and if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is smaller than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the same period is larger than a preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is an abnormal heart rate;
wherein the predicted heart rate for the same time period as the current heart rate is generated based on the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate for the time period before the current heart rate.
The predicted heart rate calculation formula for the same period as the current heart rate is as follows:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)Ft
wherein ,Ft+1Predicted heart rate for a period t +1 at the same time as the current heart rate, YtIs Ft+1Heart rate actually observed in a time period t preceding the time period, FtIs Ft+1The predicted heart rate of the time interval t before the time interval is located, and alpha is a weight coefficient.
Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1
wherein ,Yt-1Is FtThe actually observed heart rate, F, of the preceding time interval t-1 of the time intervalt-1Is FtThe predicted heart rate of the time period t-1 before the time period;
will be formula Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1Substitution into Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)FtAnd (4) obtaining:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
by analogy in the following way,
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2+……+(1-α)nαYt-n+……(1-α)tF1
wherein ,Yt-2The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-2t-3The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-3t-nPredicted heart rate F for a time period t-n of actual observed heart rate, n being a positive integer, and time period t being 11The actually observed heart rate Y of the coincidence interval t ═ 1 is taken1Or taking the actually observed heart rate Y with the time period t being 11 Time period t 2 actual observed heart rate Y2And a time period t-3 actual observed heart rate Y3The average value of the three.
In addition, Ft+1May also be Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2
wherein ,YtFor the actually observed heart rate for time period t, Yt-1For the heart actually observed for time period t-1Rate, Yt-2The actual observed heart rate for time period t-2.
And when the current heart rate is determined to be the abnormal heart rate, alarming.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can also monitor the heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art by comparing the heart rate with the predicted heart rate of the same period, finds that the abnormal heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art can be monitored, and can also avoid the delay of the treatment opportunity of the patient due to the fact that the abnormal heart rate cannot be monitored while improving the effectiveness of monitoring the abnormal heart rate, thereby providing guarantee for timely treatment of the patient when the abnormal heart rate occurs.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a heart rate monitoring device, including:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current heart rate of the user;
the first determining unit is used for determining the current heart rate as the abnormal heart rate when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range;
the second determining unit is used for comparing the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate in the same time period when the current heart rate is within the preset heart rate range, and determining that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is less than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold value; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the same period is larger than a preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is an abnormal heart rate;
wherein the predicted heart rate for the same time period as the current heart rate is generated based on the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate for the time period before the current heart rate.
The predicted heart rate calculation formula for the same period as the current heart rate is as follows:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)Ft
wherein ,Ft+1Predicted heart rate for a period t +1 at the same time as the current heart rate, YtIs Ft+1Heart rate actually observed in a time period t preceding the time period, FtIs Ft+1Previous to the time periodThe predicted heart rate for a time period t, alpha is a weighting factor.
Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1
wherein ,Yt-1Is FtThe actually observed heart rate, F, of the preceding time interval t-1 of the time intervalt-1Is FtThe predicted heart rate of the time period t-1 before the time period;
will be formula Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1Substitution into Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)FtAnd (4) obtaining:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
by analogy in the following way,
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2+……+(1-α)nαYt-n+……(1-α)tF1
wherein ,Yt-2The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-2t-3The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-3t-nPredicted heart rate F for a time period t-n of actual observed heart rate, n being a positive integer, and time period t being 11The actually observed heart rate Y of the coincidence interval t ═ 1 is taken1Or taking the actually observed heart rate Y with the time period t being 11 Time period t 2 actual observed heart rate Y2And a time period t-3 actual observed heart rate Y3The average value of the three.
In addition, Ft+1May also be Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2
wherein ,YtFor the actually observed heart rate for time period t, Yt-1The actually observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-1t-2The actual observed heart rate for time period t-2.
The heart rate monitoring device further comprises:
and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm when the current heart rate is determined to be the abnormal heart rate.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can also monitor the heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art by comparing the heart rate with the predicted heart rate of the same period, finds that the abnormal heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art can be monitored, and can also avoid the delay of the treatment opportunity of the patient due to the fact that the abnormal heart rate cannot be monitored while improving the effectiveness of monitoring the abnormal heart rate, thereby providing guarantee for timely treatment of the patient when the abnormal heart rate occurs.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a heart rate monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heart rate monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a heart rate monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
step S101, heart rate monitoring equipment acquires the current heart rate of a user.
The heart rate monitoring equipment can be wearable equipment with a heart rate monitoring function, such as a terminal device or an intelligent bracelet for operating an Android system and an IOS system, and can also be a server. Referring to fig. 2, a network architecture diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where the heart rate monitoring device is a server, and as shown in fig. 2, a heart rate acquisition device or a terminal device such as a mobile phone acquires a heart rate of a user, and transmits the heart rate to the server in a wired or wireless manner, so that the server acquires the heart rate of the user.
And S102, when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range, the heart rate monitoring equipment determines that the current heart rate is an abnormal heart rate.
The embodiment of the invention can preset a heart rate range, and the preset heart rate range is the normal heart rate of a medical adult, such as 60-100 times/min. The heart rate monitoring equipment can judge whether the current heart rate of the acquired user exceeds the preset heart rate range, if so, the heart rate monitoring equipment can determine that the current heart rate is the abnormal heart rate, if not, the heart rate monitoring equipment can further judge to determine whether the current heart rate is the abnormal heart rate.
Step S103, when the current heart rate is within a preset heart rate range, if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is smaller than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold value, the heart rate monitoring equipment determines that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is larger than the preset heart rate threshold value, the heart rate monitoring device determines that the current heart rate is the abnormal heart rate.
When the current heart rate of the user is within a preset heart rate range, the heart rate monitoring device may compare the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate of the same time period, where the predicted heart rate of the same time period in the embodiment of the present invention may refer to the heart rate predicted by the user in the same time period as the current heart rate, the predicted heart rate of the same time period as the current heart rate may be generated according to the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the previous time period of the time period, and the previous time period may refer to the previous time period of the time period where the predicted heart rate of the same time period as the current heart rate is located, specifically:
the predicted heart rate calculation for the same period as the current heart rate is as follows:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)Ft……(1)
wherein ,Ft+1Predicted heart rate for a period t +1 at the same time as the current heart rate, YtIs Ft+1Heart rate actually observed in a time period t preceding the time period, FtIs Ft+1The predicted heart rate of the time interval t before the time interval is located, and alpha is a weight coefficient.
According to the predicted heart rate, the heart rate actually observed in the previous time interval of the time interval and the predicted heart rate can be generated, so that:
Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1……(2)
wherein ,Yt-1Is FtThe actually observed heart rate, F, of the preceding time interval t-1 of the time intervalt-1Is FtThe predicted heart rate of the time period t-1 preceding the time period.
Substituting the formula (2) into the formula (1) to obtain:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]……(3)
and because:
Ft-1＝αYt-2+(1-α)Ft-2……(4)
substituting the formula (4) into the formula (3) to obtain:
by analogy in the following way,
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2+……+(1-α)nαYt-n+……(1-α)tF1……(6)
wherein ,Yt-2The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-2t-3The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-3t-nThe actual observed heart rate for a time period t-n, n being a positive integer, F1Predicted heart rate for time period t-1.
α is a weight coefficient, which is generally understood to mean that an actual observed heart rate closer to a period of the predicted heart rate gives a larger weight to the predicted heart rate, and a smaller weight to an actual observed heart rate farther from the period of the predicted heart rate, and the weight is decreased from near to far, for example, the weight coefficient α is 0.7.
Predicted heart rate F for a period t of 11The actually observed heart rate Y of the same time segment t ═ 1 can be taken1Or the actually observed heart rate Y is taken for the time period t-1, the time period t-2 and the time period t-31、Y2 and Y3Average of three, e.g. when the number of samples, i.e. actually observed heart rate in each time interval, is greater than 42, F1The actually observed heart rate Y of the same time segment t ═ 1 can be taken1When the number of samples is less than 42, F1Can take Y1、Y2 and Y3The average value of the three.
In addition, as can be seen from formula (6), (1-. alpha.) is a decimal number between 0 and 1, and when t is large, (1-. alpha.) is representedtClose to 0, like (1-alpha)tF1There being pairs of terms F with very large (1-. alpha.) indicest+1Has a small influence of so that Ft+1The first three terms in equation (6) can be taken for calculation, namely:
in the embodiment of the present invention, a heart rate threshold may be preset, the heart rate monitoring device may compare the current heart rate with the calculated predicted heart rate in the same time period, if a difference between the current heart rate and the calculated predicted heart rate is less than or equal to the preset heart rate threshold, the heart rate monitoring device may determine that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate or a normal heart rate, otherwise, if the difference between the current heart rate and the calculated predicted heart rate is greater than the preset heart rate threshold, the heart rate monitoring device may determine that the current heart rate is an abnormal heart rate.
The heart rate of the user in the current time period t +1 is Y acquired by the heart rate monitoring equipmentt+1The predicted heart rate of the user in the time period t +1 calculated according to the formula (7) is Ft+1Heart rate monitoring device comparison Yt+1、Ft+1Calculating Yt+1、Ft+1The difference between the two (e.g. Y)t+1-Ft+1Or Ft+1-Yt+1) If the difference between the two is less than the preset heart rate threshold value T threshold Determining the obtained current heart rate as the normal heart rate, and if the difference value between the two is calculated to be larger thanOr equal to a preset heart rate threshold value T threshold Then the obtained current heart rate is determined to be an abnormal heart rate. Wherein the preset heart rate threshold value T threshold Can be determined according to parameters such as the change of the normal heart rate of the adult and the like, and is not limited herein.
In the embodiment of the invention, when abnormal heart rate is monitored, the heart rate monitoring equipment can also give an alarm, such as sending a dripping alarm, or sending an alarm signal to a terminal such as a smart phone connected with the heart rate monitoring equipment, so that the terminal gives an alarm, if the heart rate monitoring equipment is a smart bracelet, when the smart bracelet monitors abnormal heart rate, the alarm signal can be sent to the smart phone connected with the smart bracelet, so that children living alone can conveniently know the abnormal heart rate of the old, as long as the old configures the smart bracelet, when the bracelet monitors the abnormal heart rate of the old, the alarm can be directly sent to the mobile phone of the children connected with the bracelet, and the children can timely know the heart rate of the old, so that the old can be treated in time, in addition, the heart rate monitoring equipment can also directly send an alarm to platforms such as an emergency center, and the like.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can also monitor the heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art by comparing the heart rate with the predicted heart rate of the same period, finds that the abnormal heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art can be monitored, and can also avoid the delay of the treatment opportunity of the patient due to the fact that the abnormal heart rate cannot be monitored while improving the effectiveness of monitoring the abnormal heart rate, thereby providing guarantee for timely treatment of the patient when the abnormal heart rate occurs.
Based on the same technical concept of the above method embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a heart rate monitoring apparatus as shown in fig. 3, where the apparatus may include:
the device comprises an acquisition unit 1, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current heart rate of a user;
the first determining unit 2 is used for determining the current heart rate as an abnormal heart rate when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range;
the second determining unit 3 is configured to compare the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate in the same time period when the current heart rate is within the preset heart rate range, and determine that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate if a difference between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is smaller than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the same period is larger than the preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is the abnormal heart rate;
and generating the predicted heart rate in the same time period as the current heart rate according to the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the previous time period of the current time period.
The predicted heart rate calculation formula for the same period as the current heart rate is as follows:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)Ft
wherein ,Ft+1Predicted heart rate for a period t +1 at the same time as the current heart rate, YtIs Ft+1Heart rate actually observed in a time period t preceding the time period, FtIs Ft+1The predicted heart rate of the time interval t before the time interval is located, and alpha is a weight coefficient.
Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1
wherein ,Yt-1Is FtThe actually observed heart rate, F, of the preceding time interval t-1 of the time intervalt-1Is FtThe predicted heart rate of the time period t-1 before the time period;
will be formula Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1Substitution into Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)FtAnd (4) obtaining:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
by analogy in the following way,
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2+……+(1-α)nαYt-n+……(1-α)tF1
wherein ,Yt-2The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-2t-3The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-3t-nPredicted heart rate F for a time period t-n of actual observed heart rate, n being a positive integer, and time period t being 11The actually observed heart rate Y of the coincidence interval t ═ 1 is taken1，Or taking the actually observed heart rate Y with the time period t being 11、 Time period t 2 actual observed heart rate Y2And a time period t-3 actual observed heart rate Y3The average value of the three.
In addition, the，Ft+1May also be Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2
wherein ,YtFor the actually observed heart rate for time period t, Yt-1The actually observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-1t-2The actual observed heart rate for time period t-2.
The heart rate monitoring device further comprises:
and the alarm unit 4 is used for giving an alarm when the current heart rate is determined to be the abnormal heart rate.
The embodiments of the present invention may refer to the corresponding descriptions of the above method embodiments, and are not described herein again. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can also monitor the heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art by comparing the heart rate with the predicted heart rate of the same period, finds that the abnormal heart rate within the normal heart rate range in the prior art can be monitored, and can also avoid the delay of the treatment opportunity of the patient due to the fact that the abnormal heart rate cannot be monitored while improving the effectiveness of monitoring the abnormal heart rate, thereby providing guarantee for timely treatment of the patient when the abnormal heart rate occurs.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of heart rate monitoring, the method comprising:
acquiring the current heart rate of a user;
when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range, determining that the current heart rate is an abnormal heart rate;
when the current heart rate is within the preset heart rate range, comparing the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate in the same time period, and if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is smaller than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the same period is larger than the preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is the abnormal heart rate;
and generating the predicted heart rate in the same time period as the current heart rate according to the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the previous time period of the current time period.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predicted heart rate for the same period as the current heart rate is calculated as follows:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)Ft
wherein ,Ft+1Predicted heart rate for a period t +1 at the same time as the current heart rate, YtIs Ft+1Heart rate actually observed in a time period t preceding the time period, FtIs Ft+1The predicted heart rate of the time interval t before the time interval is located, and alpha is a weight coefficient.
3. The method of claim 2,
Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1
wherein ,Yt-1Is FtThe actually observed heart rate, F, of the preceding time interval t-1 of the time intervalt-1Is FtThe predicted heart rate of the time period t-1 before the time period;
will be formula Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1Substitution into Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)FtAnd (4) obtaining:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
by analogy in the following way,
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2+……+(1-α)nαYt-n+……(1-α)tF1
wherein ,Yt-2The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-2t-3The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-3t-nPredicted heart rate F for a time period t-n of actual observed heart rate, n being a positive integer, and time period t being 11The actually observed heart rate Y of the coincidence interval t ═ 1 is taken1Or taking the actually observed heart rate Y with the time period t being 11Time period t 2 actual observed heart rate Y2And a time period t-3 actual observed heart rate Y3The average value of the three.
4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2
wherein ,YtFor the actually observed heart rate for time period t, Yt-1The actually observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-1t-2The actual observed heart rate for time period t-2.
5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
and when the current heart rate is determined to be the abnormal heart rate, giving an alarm.
6. Heart rate monitoring apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current heart rate of the user;
the first determining unit is used for determining the current heart rate as an abnormal heart rate when the current heart rate exceeds a preset heart rate range;
the second determining unit is used for comparing the current heart rate with the predicted heart rate in the same time period when the current heart rate is within the preset heart rate range, and determining that the current heart rate is a non-abnormal heart rate if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the same time period is smaller than or equal to a preset heart rate threshold value; if the difference value between the current heart rate and the predicted heart rate of the same period is larger than the preset heart rate threshold value, determining that the current heart rate is the abnormal heart rate;
and generating the predicted heart rate in the same time period as the current heart rate according to the actually observed heart rate and the predicted heart rate in the previous time period of the current time period.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the predicted heart rate for the same period as the current heart rate is calculated as follows:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)Ft
wherein ,Ft+1Predicted heart rate for a period t +1 at the same time as the current heart rate, YtIs Ft+1Heart rate actually observed in a time period t preceding the time period, FtIs Ft+1The predicted heart rate of the time interval t before the time interval is located, and alpha is a weight coefficient.
8. The apparatus of claim 7,
Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1
wherein ,Yt-1Is FtThe actually observed heart rate, F, of the preceding time interval t-1 of the time intervalt-1Is FtThe predicted heart rate of the time period t-1 before the time period;
will be formula Ft＝αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1Substitution into Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)FtAnd (4) obtaining:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
by analogy in the following way,
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)[αYt-1+(1-α)Ft-1]
＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2+……+(1-α)nαYt-n+……(1-α)tF1
wherein ,Yt-2The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-2t-3The actual observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-3t-nPredicted heart rate F for a time period t-n of actual observed heart rate, n being a positive integer, and time period t being 11The actually observed heart rate Y of the coincidence interval t ═ 1 is taken1Or taking the actually observed heart rate Y with the time period t being 11Time period t 2 actual observed heart rate Y2And a time period t-3 actual observed heart rate Y3The average value of the three.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein:
Ft+1＝αYt+(1-α)αYt-1+(1-α)2αYt-2
wherein ,YtFor the actually observed heart rate for time period t, Yt-1The actually observed heart rate, Y, for time period t-1t-2The actual observed heart rate for time period t-2.
10. The apparatus of any of claims 6 to 9, further comprising:
and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm when the current heart rate is determined to be the abnormal heart rate.
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