CN110708857A - Particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator with size-changeable collimating round hole - Google Patents
Particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator with size-changeable collimating round hole Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 23
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/12—Arrangements for varying final energy of beam
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/14—Vacuum chambers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/12—Arrangements for varying final energy of beam
- H05H2007/127—Arrangements for varying final energy of beam by emittance variation, e.g. stochastic cooling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator with a changeable collimating round hole, which comprises a water-cooling porous collimating plate assembly welding piece, a linear driving mechanism, a vacuum bellows assembly and a collimator vacuum chamber; the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece comprises a porous collimation plate, a plurality of round holes with different diameters are formed in the surface of the porous collimation plate, all the round holes are perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate, the center of the round holes is arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction, the straight line driving mechanism is used for driving the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece to move up and down, the upper end of the vacuum corrugated pipe assembly is connected with the straight line driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the lower end of the vacuum corrugated pipe assembly is connected with the collimator vacuum chamber and cannot. According to the invention, the water-cooled multi-hole collimation plate assembly and welding piece, the linear driving mechanism, the vacuum bellows assembly and the collimator vacuum chamber are organically combined, so that the multi-specification multi-hole switchable collimator with water cooling is realized, one collimator is used for replacing a plurality of collimators, and the cost is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of particle accelerators. In particular to a beam collimator of a particle accelerator with a collimating circular hole with changeable size.
Background
The beam collimator is often used on the beam line of the proton and heavy ion accelerator, the beam collimator is generally used for clamping beams outside a certain area, the area is generally circular, namely, the collimator generally adopts a round hole collimator, a round hole coaxial with the beams is arranged in the collimator, the accelerator beams can pass through the round hole, and the beams outside the round hole area are blocked by the collimator.
The existing round hole beam collimator is divided into a low-power beam collimator and a high-power beam collimator according to power, and the low-power beam collimator and the high-power beam collimator are generally a non-water-cooled beam collimator and a water-cooled beam collimator. For a round hole beam collimator with water cooling and capable of bearing higher beam power, the size of the opening can not be changed generally, namely, the size of the opening is fixed.
The beam collimator with the fixed opening size is used in front of the target on the beam line. The beam streamline is a route which is passed by the beam after coming out of the accelerator and before reaching the target terminal, and a plurality of component devices are generally arranged on the route. In practical application, different targets and different experiments are different in size requirements corresponding to collimation holes, some require 10 mm in diameter and some require 5 mm, and according to the requirements of a plurality of targets corresponding to a plurality of beam apertures, the prior art generally adopts two methods, namely a first application method: setting a plurality of target halls, wherein each target hall corresponds to a collimator with one aperture, then dividing the beam current led out by an accelerator to the experimental terminals of each target hall by a time-sharing distribution method of a switch magnet, only using one terminal each time, and if the current terminal is used for shooting, preparing before shooting or processing after shooting by other terminals; in the second application method, a plurality of different target stations or experiment terminals are arranged in the same target practice hall, the beam current is switched among the different target stations or experiment terminals through a switch magnet, each target station corresponds to a collimator with one aperture, and only one target station or experiment terminal can be selected for use each time. In the above situation, if the user needs the collimating aperture of 10 mm, the user can only enter the target hall with the collimator aperture of 10 mm, but can not enter the target hall with the collimator aperture of 5 mm; if a user needs to perform multiple experiments, the user can enter different target halls or select different target stations in one hall to meet the requirements of the multiple experiments. In the prior art, each target station or experiment terminal can only correspond to a target with the diameter of one collimator, because the collimator is troublesome to replace once, and because the residual dose of the collimator is larger, namely the nuclear radiation is larger, no one is willing to replace the collimator generally.
In order to solve the problem of convenient replacement of the collimator, the prior art designs and adopts a collimator continuously adjustable hole, the hole is formed by splicing a plurality of arc sheets into a round hole, the plurality of arc sheets can move at any time, and the collimator hole can be continuously adjusted. In the prior art, the size of the round hole of the collimator adopting the water cooling device for high power cannot be changed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator with a changeable collimation circular hole aiming at the problems in the prior art, and aims to solve the problem that the size of the collimation circular hole cannot be changed by the particle accelerator water-cooling circular hole beam collimator in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problem.
The utility model provides a particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator that collimation round hole size can change which characterized in that: comprises a water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly welding part, a linear driving mechanism, a vacuum bellows assembly and a collimator vacuum chamber; the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly and welding piece comprises a porous collimation plate, the surface of the porous collimation plate is provided with a plurality of round holes with different diameters, all the round holes are perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate, the centers of the round holes are arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction, and the porous collimation plate is suspended between the inlet end surface and the outlet end surface of the collimator vacuum chamber and is parallel to the two end surfaces; the linear driving mechanism is used for driving the water-cooling porous collimating plate assembly welding piece to move up and down, and aligning the holes with different sizes of the porous collimating plate with the inlet hole and the outlet hole of the collimator vacuum chamber respectively according to different application requirements; the upper end of the vacuum bellows assembly is connected with a linear driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the lower end of the vacuum bellows assembly is connected with a collimator vacuum chamber and cannot move.
Proper intervals are reserved between a plurality of adjacent round holes on the surface of the porous collimation plate, chamfers are arranged on the round holes on the same plane, beam enters the collimation round holes from the side with the chamfers, and the chamfers can increase the beam power distribution area outside the round holes; the round holes are used as collimation round holes of the collimator, each round hole is used as a working station of the collimator, the beam of the accelerator is perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate, the center of the beam coincides with the center of the working collimation round hole, and the diameters of the round holes are different, and proper intervals are reserved between the adjacent round holes, so that the diameter of the collimation round hole of the collimator can be changed.
The surface of the porous collimation plate is grooved, a cooling copper pipe is welded in the groove, and cooling water is introduced into the cooling copper pipe to cool the porous collimation plate; the beam of the accelerator which is not shot on the porous collimation plate through the collimation round hole heats the porous collimation plate by the lost beam power, and the cooling water can take away the heated power, so that the collimator can bear large beam power loss and can collimate the proton or heavy ion beam with large power.
The linear driving mechanism includes: the device comprises a driving plate, a driving motor, a trapezoidal screw rod, a trapezoidal nut, a sliding block, a guide rail, a linear potentiometer, a travel switch and a sliding plate; the driving motor adopts a stepping motor with a braking function, and drives the trapezoidal screw rod to rotate through a coupler; the trapezoidal screw nut is sleeved on the trapezoidal screw rod and is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through a screw; the two sides of the sliding plate are fixedly connected with the sliding block through screws, and the sliding block and the guide rail are fixedly connected with the back panel of the sliding plate through screws; the driving plate is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through a screw; in the structure, the driving motor drives the trapezoidal screw rod to rotate, the trapezoidal screw rod drives the trapezoidal screw to move up and down, the trapezoidal screw drives the sliding plate to move up and down, and the sliding plate drives the driving plate to move up and down, so that the driving motor drives the driving plate to move up and down; the linear potentiometer is used for calibrating, recording and feeding back the position of the part which can move up and down; the travel switch is used for limiting and interlocking the limit positions of the two ends of the travel of the movable up-and-down part.
The vacuum corrugated pipe assembly comprises a vacuum corrugated pipe, a rubber sealing ring, a connecting ring and a transition pressing ring; the middle part of the vacuum corrugated pipe is a welded corrugated pipe, so that the compression and the stretching of the axial size within a certain range can be realized, flanges are welded at the upper end and the lower end of the vacuum corrugated pipe, the upper flange is tightly attached to the lower surface of the transition compression ring, the lower flange is tightly attached to the upper surface of the collimation vacuum chamber, and the upper flange is movable and the lower flange is immovable; the transition compression ring and the connecting ring are fixedly connected with the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece, and the transition compression ring is upwards connected with the drive plate through screws and downwards fixedly connected with the upper flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe through screws.
A sealing groove is arranged below the lower flange, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove to realize vacuum sealing; the upper edge of the inner hole of the upper flange is provided with a chamfer, the surface of the chamfer is used as a vacuum sealing surface, the rubber sealing ring is placed in the chamfer to realize vacuum sealing, and the inner diameter of the rubber sealing ring tightly holds the outer circular surface of a vacuum sealing sleeve in the water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly welding piece to realize vacuum sealing; the inner hole of the connecting ring is provided with internal threads which can be screwed into external threads on the upper part of the vacuum sealing sleeve in the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece; the transition compression ring presses the connecting ring in the middle, the rubber sealing ring can be compressed through the connecting ring under the pressure, and the rubber sealing ring is compressed in a triangular groove formed by three peripheral parts and plays a role in vacuum sealing.
The collimator vacuum chamber mainly comprises: vacuum chamber cover plate, vacuum chamber main body and O-shaped rubber sealing ring; the vacuum chamber cover plate is provided with a round hole for inserting a water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece; a threaded hole interface for connecting and fixing the vacuum bellows assembly and the linear driving mechanism is arranged on the vacuum chamber cover plate, and a circle of countersunk screw holes are formed in the periphery of the vacuum chamber cover plate; the vacuum chamber main body is rectangular in appearance, a cavity is formed in the vacuum chamber main body, the upper portion of the vacuum chamber main body is open, a sealing groove is formed in the upper surface of the vacuum chamber main body, a circle of threaded holes are formed in the outer surface of the sealing groove, concentric holes are formed in the front and the back of the vacuum chamber main body, and a circle of threaded holes are formed in the periphery; the vacuum chamber cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the vacuum chamber main body through screws, the O-shaped rubber sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove on the upper surface of the vacuum chamber main body, and the O-shaped rubber sealing ring plays a role in vacuum sealing between the vacuum chamber cover plate and the vacuum chamber main body; concentric holes in the front and back of the vacuum chamber body and threaded holes around the holes are used to connect adjacent equipment.
The diameter size, the number and the spacing of the holes of the round holes on the surface of the porous collimating plate are changed, so that different beam collimation requirements can be met, and the size and the structure of relevant equipment such as part length, stroke, bellows compression amount, height in a vacuum chamber and the like need to be changed accordingly.
Advantageous effects of the invention
1. According to the invention, the water-cooled multi-hole collimating plate assembly weldment, the linear driving mechanism, the vacuum bellows assembly and the collimator vacuum chamber are organically combined, so that the multi-specification multi-hole switchable collimator with water cooling is realized, one collimator is used for replacing a plurality of collimators, the cost is effectively reduced, and the requirement of fast switching of the high-power multi-specification collimator is met.
2. The invention solves the problem that manual disassembly of the collimator in the field can cause nuclear radiation pollution for a long time: the switching of the collimators with multiple specifications is completely controlled under the vacuum condition, the switching can be conveniently and quickly carried out in a short time, the vacuum is not required to be destroyed, the vacuumizing is not required to be carried out again after the vacuum is destroyed, the remote operation switching avoids the problem that personnel receive nuclear radiation due to the fact that the collimators are disassembled and replaced on site, and the human health is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram a of a beam collimator of a particle accelerator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram B of the beam collimator structure of the particle accelerator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of the beam collimator of the particle accelerator of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram C of the beam collimator of the particle accelerator according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly weldment in the beam collimator of the particle accelerator.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous collimation plate in the beam collimator of the particle accelerator.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear driving mechanism in the beam collimator of the particle accelerator.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum bellows assembly in a beam collimator of a particle accelerator according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a collimator vacuum chamber structure in the beam collimator of the particle accelerator of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a collimator vacuum chamber in the beam collimator of the particle accelerator according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly welding piece, 2. a linear driving mechanism, 3. a vacuum bellows assembly, 4. a collimator vacuum chamber, 101. a porous collimation plate, 102. a cooling copper pipe, 103. a push pipe, 104. a vacuum gland bush, 105. a vacuum sealing blocking plate, 201. a driving plate, 202. a driving motor, 203. a trapezoidal screw rod, 204. a trapezoidal screw nut, 205. a sliding block and a guide rail, 206. a linear potentiometer, 207. a travel switch, 208. a sliding plate, 301. a vacuum bellows, 302. a rubber sealing ring, 303. a connecting ring, 304. a transition compression ring, 305. an upper flange; 306. a lower flange; 307. a seal ring; 308. chamfering;
401. vacuum chamber cover plate 402, vacuum chamber main body 403, O-shaped rubber sealing ring 404, connecting and fixing threaded hole 405, countersunk screw hole 406, threaded hole 407 and 408: concentric holes.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Design principle of the invention
1. The motor drives the driving plate to move up and down. The motor drives the trapezoidal screw rod to rotate through the coupler, the trapezoidal screw nut is sleeved on the trapezoidal screw rod and is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through the screw, and the sliding plate is connected with the driving plate through the screw, so that the motor drives the driving plate to move up and down.
2. The motor drives the upper flange of the corrugated pipe and the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece to move up and down together. The drive plate passes through the transition clamp ring of screw downward connection bellows, and the transition clamp ring upwards connects the drive plate, connects the upper flange of bellows, inside of bellows downwards and compresses tightly the go-between, and the internal thread of vacuum seal cover upper portion screw income go-between makes vacuum seal cover and go-between connect an organic whole to realize that the motor drives bellows upper flange, water-cooling porous collimation board assembly weldment and reciprocate together.
3. The invention relates to a principle of switching circular holes with different specifications of a collimator. The linear potentiometer feeds back the current position of the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly and welding part to the background control device in real time, and the background control device sends a command to the motor according to the position condition; before switching to a round hole of the next specification, the background controller sends information to the accelerator master controller in the time range from the center point of the current round hole to the center point of the round hole of the next specification, the accelerator master controller sends a command after receiving the information, and the beam supply is stopped in the time; when the accelerator master controller sends a command of entering a next specification round hole, the background control device receives the command, the starting motor drives the multi-hole collimation plate assembly welding piece to reach the center point of the next specification round hole, whether the multi-hole collimation plate assembly welding piece reaches a target point is judged according to information fed back by the linear potentiometer, after the target point is reached, the background control device continues to feed back information to the accelerator master controller, and the accelerator master controller controls the accelerator to start beam supply at the time point.
A particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator with a changeable collimation round hole size is shown in figure 3 and comprises a water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece 1, a linear driving mechanism 2, a vacuum corrugated pipe assembly 3 and a collimator vacuum chamber 4; as shown in fig. 5, the water-cooled porous collimating plate assembly comprises a porous collimating plate 101, the surface of the porous collimating plate 101 is provided with a plurality of round holes with different diameters, all the round holes are perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimating plate, and the centers of the round holes are arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction, as shown in fig. 3, the porous collimating plate is suspended between the two end surfaces of the inlet and the outlet of the collimator vacuum chamber and is parallel to the two end surfaces; the linear driving mechanism 2 is used for driving the water-cooling porous collimating plate assembly welding piece to move up and down, and aligning the holes with different sizes of the porous collimating plate with the inlet hole and the outlet hole of the collimator vacuum chamber respectively according to different application requirements; the upper end of the vacuum bellows component 3 is connected with the linear driving mechanism 2 and can move up and down, and the lower end is connected with the collimator vacuum chamber 4 and cannot move.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of adjacent round holes on the surface of the multi-hole collimation plate 101 have proper intervals, the round holes are provided with chamfers on the same plane, beam enters the collimation round holes from the side with the chamfers, and the chamfers can increase the beam power distribution area outside the round holes; the round holes are used as collimation round holes of the collimator, each round hole is used as a working station of the collimator, the beam of the accelerator is perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate, the center of the beam coincides with the center of the working collimation round hole, and the diameters of the round holes are different, and proper intervals are reserved between the adjacent round holes, so that the diameter of the collimation round hole of the collimator can be changed.
As shown in fig. 5, a groove is formed in the surface of the porous collimation plate, a cooling copper pipe is welded in the groove, and cooling water is introduced into the cooling copper pipe to cool the porous collimation plate; the beam of the accelerator which is not shot on the porous collimation plate through the collimation round hole heats the porous collimation plate by the lost beam power, and the cooling water can take away the heated power, so that the collimator can bear large beam power loss and can collimate the proton or heavy ion beam with large power.
As shown in fig. 7, the linear driving mechanism includes: the device comprises a driving plate 201, a driving motor 202, a trapezoidal screw rod 203, a trapezoidal screw 204, a sliding block and guide rail 205, a linear potentiometer 206, a travel switch 207 and a sliding plate 208; the driving motor 202 adopts a stepping motor with a braking function, and the driving motor drives the trapezoidal screw rod 203 to rotate through a coupler; the trapezoidal screw 204 is sleeved on the trapezoidal screw rod and is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through a screw; two sides of the sliding plate 208 are fixedly connected with the sliding block 205 through screws, and the sliding block and the guide rail are fixedly connected with a back panel of the sliding plate through screws; the driving plate 201 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through screws; in the structure, the driving motor 202 drives the trapezoidal screw rod 203 to rotate, the trapezoidal screw rod 203 drives the trapezoidal screw 204 to move up and down, the trapezoidal screw 204 drives the sliding plate 208 to move up and down, and the sliding plate 208 drives the driving plate 201 to move up and down, so that the driving motor rotates to drive the driving plate to move up and down; the linear potentiometer is used for calibrating, recording and feeding back the position of the part which can move up and down; the travel switch is used for limiting and interlocking the limit positions of the two ends of the travel of the movable up-and-down part.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the vacuum bellows assembly 3 includes a vacuum bellows 301, a rubber seal 302, a connection ring 303, and a transition compression ring 304; the middle part of the vacuum corrugated pipe is a welded corrugated pipe 301, which can realize compression and extension of the axial size within a certain range, the upper end and the lower end of the vacuum corrugated pipe are welded with flanges, the upper flange 305 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the transition compression ring 304, the lower flange 306 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the collimation vacuum chamber 4, the upper flange 305 is movable, and the lower flange 306 is immovable; as shown in fig. 5 and 8, the connecting ring 303 is compressed inside the transition compression ring 304, the upper thread of the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 is screwed into the internal thread of the connecting ring 303 to fixedly connect the two into a whole, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 are respectively welded with the push pipe 103, so that the upper flange 305 of the vacuum bellows is fixedly connected with the water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly welding member 1; the transition compression ring 304 is connected with the driving plate 201 upwards through screws and fixedly connected with an upper flange 305 of the vacuum bellows downwards through screws.
As shown in fig. 8, a sealing groove is arranged below the lower flange 306, and a sealing ring 307 is arranged in the sealing groove to realize vacuum sealing; a chamfer 308 is arranged on the upper edge of the inner hole of the upper flange, the surface of the chamfer 308 is used as a vacuum sealing surface, the rubber sealing ring 302 is placed in the chamfer 308 to realize vacuum sealing, and the inner diameter of the rubber sealing ring 302 tightly holds the outer circular surface of the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 in the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly and welding piece 1 to realize vacuum sealing; the inner hole of the connecting ring 303 is provided with internal threads which can be screwed into external threads on the upper part of the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 in the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece; the transitional pressing ring 304 presses the connecting ring 303 in the middle, the pressure can press the rubber sealing ring 302 through the connecting ring 303, and the rubber sealing ring 302 is pressed in a triangular groove formed by the three peripheral parts and plays a role in vacuum sealing.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the collimator vacuum chamber includes: a vacuum chamber cover plate 401, a vacuum chamber main body 402, and an O-ring rubber seal 403; the vacuum chamber cover plate is provided with a round hole for inserting a water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece; a fixing threaded hole 404 for connecting a vacuum bellows assembly is formed in the upper surface of the vacuum chamber cover plate 401, and a circle of countersunk screw holes 405 are formed in the periphery of the vacuum chamber cover plate 401; the vacuum chamber main body is rectangular in appearance, a cavity is formed in the vacuum chamber main body, the upper portion of the vacuum chamber main body is open, a sealing groove is formed in the upper surface of the vacuum chamber main body, a circle of threaded holes 406 are formed outside the sealing groove, concentric holes (407 and 408) are formed in the front and the back of the vacuum chamber main body, and a circle of threaded holes are formed in the periphery of the holes; the vacuum chamber cover plate 401 is fixed on the upper part of the vacuum chamber main body through screw connection, the O-shaped rubber sealing ring 403 is placed in a sealing groove on the upper surface of the vacuum chamber main body 402, and the O-shaped rubber sealing ring 403 plays a role in vacuum sealing between the vacuum chamber cover plate 401 and the vacuum chamber main body 402; concentric holes (407, 408) in the front and back of the vacuum chamber body 402 and threaded holes around the holes are used to connect adjacent equipment.
The diameter, the number and the spacing of the holes of the round holes on the surface of the porous collimation plate 1 are changed, so that different beam collimation requirements can be met, and the size and the structure of relevant equipment such as part length, stroke, bellows compression amount, height in a vacuum chamber and the like need to be changed accordingly.
Examples
The beam collimator of the particle accelerator (shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4) can be used as a beam collimator of a medium-power proton or heavy ion accelerator. The collimator can block beams outside the collimation round hole, and meanwhile, the size of the collimation round hole can be conveniently and quickly switched and changed by performing remote operation under the condition of not damaging vacuum, so that different beam supply requirements are met. The main process for realizing the functions is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 10, the center of one of the circular holes on the surface of the multi-hole collimation plate 101 coincides with the central axis of the front and rear openings of the vacuum chamber main body 402. The beam of the particle accelerator enters the collimator along the central axis direction of the front opening of the vacuum chamber body 402, the beam perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate 101 in the collimator passes through a certain collimation circular hole on the porous collimation plate, the beam outside the collimation circular hole is blocked, the beam inside the collimation circular hole can pass through, and then the beam passes through the rear opening of the vacuum chamber body 402 and goes out of the collimator.
Secondly, as shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the beam outside the collimating circular holes of the multi-hole collimating plate 101 is blocked, and the lost beam power is lost on the multi-hole collimating plate 101 in a heating manner because the beam has a certain energy. The cooling copper pipe 102 is filled with cooling water, the cooling copper pipe 102 is welded in the groove on the surface of the porous collimation plate 101 through silver brazing, and the heat exchange conditions of the cooling copper pipe 102 and the groove are good. Therefore, the lost beam power can be taken away by cooling water, and the porous collimation plate 101 is cooled, so that the collimator can bear higher beam lost power.
And (III) as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8, the driving motor 202 drives the trapezoidal screw rod 203 to rotate, the trapezoidal screw rod drives the trapezoidal screw 204 to move up and down, the trapezoidal screw drives the sliding plate 208 to move up and down, and the sliding plate drives the driving plate 201 to move up and down, so that the driving plate 201 is driven to move up and down by the rotation of the output shaft of the driving motor 202. The driving plate 201 is fixedly connected with a transition compression ring 304 through screws, the transition compression ring is fixedly connected with an upper flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe 301 and a connecting ring 303 through screws, the connecting ring 303 is connected with the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 through internal threads, and the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 is tightly held by a rubber sealing ring 302. Therefore, the driving plate 201 drives the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece 1 to move up and down, the porous collimation plate 101 moves up and down, and the change of the positions of different round holes on the porous collimation plate 101 is realized, namely the change and the switching of the sizes of the collimation round holes are realized. The linear potentiometer 206 is used to calibrate, record and feedback the position of the collimating circular holes, i.e., which circular hole is in the collimating operating position. The travel switch 207 is used for limiting and interlocking the limit positions of the two ends of the travel of the movable up and down part.
And (IV) as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10, the transition compression ring 304 tightens the upper flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe 301 through screws, and simultaneously the connection ring 303 compresses the rubber sealing ring 302 in a triangular groove formed between an upper chamfer of an inner hole of the flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe 301, an outer circular surface of the vacuum sealing sleeve 104 and the lower surface of the connection ring 303, so as to realize the vacuum sealing of the detachable structure at the position. A sealing ring is arranged in a vacuum sealing groove on the lower surface of the vacuum corrugated pipe 301, and is tightly pressed on the upper surface of the vacuum chamber cover plate 401 through a screw, so that the vacuum sealing of a detachable structure at the position is realized. The vacuum chamber main body 402 is provided with a sealing groove, an O-shaped rubber sealing ring 403 is arranged in the vacuum chamber main body, and the O-shaped rubber sealing ring is tightly pressed by the vacuum chamber cover plate 401 through screws, so that the vacuum sealing of the detachable structure at the position is realized. The front and back surfaces of the vacuum chamber body 402 are provided with interfaces for connecting with adjacent equipment, so that vacuum sealing of the detachable structure can be realized. The driving motor 202 drives the upper flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe 301 to move up and down through the driving plate 201, and the lower flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe 301 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the vacuum chamber cover plate 401 through screws, so that the vacuum corrugated pipe 301 is stretched and compressed, and the inside of the collimator keeps a vacuum state when the position of the collimation round hole is switched. The structure ensures that the collimator is in a vacuum state in which beams can smoothly pass through when the collimator operates and the round holes are switched.
(V) as shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, different beam collimation requirements can be met by changing the diameter, the number and the spacing of the holes of the circular holes on the surface of the porous collimation plate 101, and the size and the structure of relevant equipment such as the length, the stroke, the compression amount of the corrugated pipe, the height in the vacuum chamber and the like need to be changed accordingly.
It should be emphasized that this detailed description is merely illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, may make various modifications, such as those skilled in the art, which do not contribute to the inventive concepts, but fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a particle accelerator water-cooling beam collimator that collimation round hole size can change which characterized in that: comprises a water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly welding part, a linear driving mechanism, a vacuum bellows assembly and a collimator vacuum chamber; the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly and welding piece comprises a porous collimation plate, the surface of the porous collimation plate is provided with a plurality of round holes with different diameters, all the round holes are perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate, the centers of the round holes are arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction, and the porous collimation plate is suspended between the inlet end surface and the outlet end surface of the collimator vacuum chamber and is parallel to the two end surfaces; the linear driving mechanism is used for driving the water-cooling porous collimating plate assembly welding piece to move up and down, and aligning the holes with different sizes of the porous collimating plate with the inlet hole and the outlet hole of the collimator vacuum chamber respectively according to different application requirements; the upper end of the vacuum bellows assembly is connected with a linear driving mechanism and can move up and down, and the lower end of the vacuum bellows assembly is connected with a collimator vacuum chamber and cannot move.
2. The water-cooled beam collimator of particle accelerator with changeable size of collimating round hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: proper intervals are reserved between a plurality of adjacent round holes on the surface of the porous collimation plate, chamfers are arranged on the round holes on the same plane, beam enters the collimation round holes from the side with the chamfers, and the chamfers can increase the beam power distribution area outside the round holes; the round holes are used as collimation round holes of the collimator, each round hole is used as a working station of the collimator, the beam of the accelerator is perpendicular to the surface of the porous collimation plate, the center of the beam coincides with the center of the working collimation round hole, and the diameters of the round holes are different, and proper intervals are reserved between the adjacent round holes, so that the diameter of the collimation round hole of the collimator can be changed.
3. The water-cooled beam collimator of particle accelerator with changeable size of collimating round hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the surface of the porous collimation plate is grooved, a cooling copper pipe is welded in the groove, and cooling water is introduced into the cooling copper pipe to cool the porous collimation plate; the beam of the accelerator which is not shot on the porous collimation plate through the collimation round hole heats the porous collimation plate by the lost beam power, and the cooling water can take away the heated power, so that the collimator can bear large beam power loss and can collimate the proton or heavy ion beam with large power.
4. The water-cooled beam collimator of particle accelerator with changeable size of collimating round hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the linear driving mechanism includes: the device comprises a driving plate, a driving motor, a trapezoidal screw rod, a trapezoidal nut, a sliding block, a guide rail, a linear potentiometer, a travel switch and a sliding plate; the driving motor adopts a stepping motor with a braking function, and drives the trapezoidal screw rod to rotate through a coupler; the trapezoidal screw nut is sleeved on the trapezoidal screw rod and is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through a screw; the two sides of the sliding plate are fixedly connected with the sliding block through screws, and the sliding block and the guide rail are fixedly connected with the back panel of the sliding plate through screws; the driving plate is fixedly connected with the sliding plate through a screw; in the structure, the driving motor drives the trapezoidal screw rod to rotate, the trapezoidal screw rod drives the trapezoidal screw to move up and down, the trapezoidal screw drives the sliding plate to move up and down, and the sliding plate drives the driving plate to move up and down, so that the driving motor drives the driving plate to move up and down; the linear potentiometer is used for calibrating, recording and feeding back the position of the part which can move up and down; the travel switch is used for limiting and interlocking the limit positions of the two ends of the travel of the movable up-and-down part.
5. A particle accelerator water-cooled beam collimator with changeable collimating circular hole size according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that: the vacuum corrugated pipe assembly comprises a vacuum corrugated pipe, a rubber sealing ring, a connecting ring and a transition pressing ring; the middle part of the vacuum corrugated pipe is a welded corrugated pipe, so that the compression and the stretching of the axial size within a certain range can be realized, flanges are welded at the upper end and the lower end of the vacuum corrugated pipe, the upper flange is tightly attached to the lower surface of the transition compression ring, the lower flange is tightly attached to the upper surface of the collimation vacuum chamber, and the upper flange is movable and the lower flange is immovable; the transition compression ring and the connecting ring are fixedly connected with the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece, and the transition compression ring is upwards connected with the drive plate through screws and downwards fixedly connected with the upper flange of the vacuum corrugated pipe through screws.
6. The water-cooled beam collimator of particle accelerator with changeable size of collimating round hole as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a sealing groove is arranged below the lower flange, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove to realize vacuum sealing; the upper edge of the inner hole of the upper flange is provided with a chamfer, the surface of the chamfer is used as a vacuum sealing surface, the rubber sealing ring is placed in the chamfer to realize vacuum sealing, and the inner diameter of the rubber sealing ring tightly holds the outer circular surface of a vacuum sealing sleeve in the water-cooled porous collimation plate assembly welding piece to realize vacuum sealing; the inner hole of the connecting ring is provided with internal threads which can be screwed into external threads on the upper part of the vacuum sealing sleeve in the water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece; the transition compression ring presses the connecting ring in the middle, the rubber sealing ring can be compressed through the connecting ring under the pressure, and the rubber sealing ring is compressed in a triangular groove formed by three peripheral parts and plays a role in vacuum sealing.
7. The water-cooled beam collimator of particle accelerator with changeable size of collimating round hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the collimator vacuum chamber mainly comprises: vacuum chamber cover plate, vacuum chamber main body and O-shaped rubber sealing ring; the vacuum chamber cover plate is provided with a round hole for inserting a water-cooling porous collimation plate assembly welding piece; a threaded hole interface for connecting and fixing the vacuum bellows assembly and the linear driving mechanism is arranged on the vacuum chamber cover plate, and a circle of countersunk screw holes are formed in the periphery of the vacuum chamber cover plate; the vacuum chamber main body is rectangular in appearance, a cavity is formed in the vacuum chamber main body, the upper portion of the vacuum chamber main body is open, a sealing groove is formed in the upper surface of the vacuum chamber main body, a circle of threaded holes are formed in the outer surface of the sealing groove, concentric holes are formed in the front and the back of the vacuum chamber main body, and a circle of threaded holes are formed in the periphery; the vacuum chamber cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper part of the vacuum chamber main body through screws, the O-shaped rubber sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove on the upper surface of the vacuum chamber main body, and the O-shaped rubber sealing ring plays a role in vacuum sealing between the vacuum chamber cover plate and the vacuum chamber main body; concentric holes in the front and back of the vacuum chamber body and threaded holes around the holes are used to connect adjacent equipment.
8. The water-cooled beam collimator of a particle accelerator with a variable collimating aperture size as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diameter size, the number and the spacing of the holes of the round holes on the surface of the porous collimating plate are changed, so that different beam collimation requirements can be met, and the size and the structure of relevant equipment such as part length, stroke, bellows compression amount, height in a vacuum chamber and the like need to be changed accordingly.
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| CN116347740A (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-06-27 | 中子高新技术产业发展(重庆)有限公司 | Neutron treatment beam transmission system |
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| CN113154953B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-12-02 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Target collimation positioning module, device and target shooting system |
| WO2024064345A3 (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2024-07-18 | Shine Technologies, Llc | Cooling plate assembly for plasma windows positioned in a beam accelerator system |
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