CN110707769A - Battery charging method and control unit - Google Patents

Battery charging method and control unit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110707769A
CN110707769A CN201910613970.1A CN201910613970A CN110707769A CN 110707769 A CN110707769 A CN 110707769A CN 201910613970 A CN201910613970 A CN 201910613970A CN 110707769 A CN110707769 A CN 110707769A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
pulse
charging
control unit
battery
energy source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910613970.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A.纳格尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of CN110707769A publication Critical patent/CN110707769A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/448—End of discharge regulating measures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for charging a battery (2) by means of an electrical energy source (3) and to a control unit (5), wherein a charging section (Q) is selectedS) And time period (t)S) Wherein a control unit (5) controlling the energy source (3) or the pulse generator (4) is assigned to the electrical energy source (3), wherein the control unit (5) controls the energy source (3) or the pulse generator (4) such that during the time period (t)S) Generating a charging pulse (LP) internally in order to charge the section (Q)S) Charging the battery (2) internally, wherein the charging pulse (LP) has at least one pulse (P) and a Pulse Pause (PP), wherein one pulse (P) and one Pulse Pause (PP) are continuedThe method is continued until a predefined stopping condition is reached.

Description

Battery charging method and control unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a control unit for charging a battery.
Background
Currently, batteries (e.g., lithium ion batteries) are charged with higher and higher currents so that the charging time can be kept constant as the capacity increases. Here, until the charge end voltage is reached, the charging is performed with a constant current, and then the voltage is kept constant while the current is reduced. This CV phase requires a long charging time due to the low charging current. This method is also referred to as the CC/CV method (constant current/constant voltage) and is described as prior art in DE 102010051016 a 1.
Furthermore, charging methods are known which use a current in the form of a charging pulse. A method is known from US2013/0026976a1, wherein the charging pulse has a positive pulse and pulse pause and discharge pulses, wherein during the pulse pause the current may be greater than or equal to zero. The length of the pulse is reduced according to the voltage of the battery. Here, it is also provided that the height of the discharge pulse is reduced. If the voltage on the battery exceeds the threshold, the method is terminated. Here, the period of the charging pulse decreases toward the end. In an alternative embodiment, only the pulse off time is extended to the extent that the pulse time is shortened. Finally, an embodiment is also disclosed, wherein the discharge pulse is surrounded by two pulse pauses. A final method is also known from US 5,481,174 a.
The pulse charging method has the potential to significantly shorten the charging time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is based on the technical problem of further improving the method for charging a battery and of providing a control unit suitable for this purpose.
The solution to this technical problem is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a control unit having the features of claim 9. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.
The battery is charged by means of an electrical energy source, wherein a charging section and a time period are selected, wherein the electrical energy source is assigned a control unit which controls the energy source or a pulse generator, wherein the control unit controls the energy source or the pulse generator such that a charging pulse is generated in the time period in order to charge the battery in the charging section, wherein the charging pulse has at least one pulse and a pulse pause, wherein the method is continued until a predefined pause condition is reached. The basic idea of the invention is not to charge as long as possible with the highest possible current, but to achieve a very economical, but fast charge by: attempting to schedule the determined charging segments continuously during the time period. Preferably, the charging pulse has exactly one pulse.
Here, the charging current in the pulse pause may be set to be greater than zero or equal to zero. An advantage of a charging current greater than zero in the pulse pauses is that no charging pauses are erroneously inferred.
Additionally or alternatively, the discharge pulse can be provided in a pulse pause, as is known from the prior art.
In another embodiment, the gradient of the pulse rise or fall is limited to a predetermined value, for example to 20A/s.
In a further embodiment, the charging period is reduced when the pulse reaches the time period or exceeds a predefined maximum charging time.
Conversely, the charging period is increased if the pulse is shorter than a predefined minimum charging time.
In one embodiment, the predefined stopping condition is a limit value for the state of charge of the battery, wherein the limit value is at least SOC = 80%, preferably greater than/equal to 85%, and particularly preferably greater than/equal to 90%.
In a further embodiment, the characteristic curves for the maximum current, the maximum voltage and the temperature of the battery are taken into account in the control unit.
The control unit for controlling the electrical energy source or the pulse generator to generate charging pulses for charging the battery is designed to control the electrical energy source or the pulse generator such that the charging pulses are generated in order to generate a predefined charging period within a predefined time period, wherein the charging pulses have at least one pulse and a pulse pause, wherein the control unit is also designed to generate the charging pulses until a predefined pause condition is reached.
With regard to possible further embodiments of the control unit, reference is made to the preceding embodiments with regard to the method.
Drawings
The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. Wherein:
figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for charging a battery,
figure 2 shows the charging pulses in a first embodiment,
figure 3 shows the charging pulses in a second embodiment,
figure 4 shows the charging pulses in a third embodiment,
figure 5 shows the charging pulse in a fourth embodiment,
figure 6 shows a charging pulse sequence with reduced charging segments,
FIG. 7 shows a charging pulse sequence with increased charging segments, an
Fig. 8 shows an exemplary charging pulse sequence.
Detailed Description
A block diagram of an apparatus 1 for charging a battery 2 is schematically shown in fig. 1. The device 1 has an electrical energy source 3, a pulse generator 4 and a control unit 5. The electrical energy source 3 can be a direct current or alternating current voltage source, wherein the pulse generator 4 is designed to convert the electrical energy of the energy source 3 into charging pulses LP. The control unit 5 has an input unit through which, for example, a charging section Q can be inputSAnd a time period tSIs input. Further, the control unit 5 obtains data such as voltage and temperature from the battery 2. In addition, characteristic curves of the current I, the voltage V and the temperature T are stored in the control unit 5, from which the maximum permissible current I is determined at a specific temperature and voltage of the battery 2. Finally, the minimum charging time t is also savedlade，minAnd a maximum charging time tlade，max. Here, the time period tSRemains the same over all charging pulses LP. The charging section is kept constant with few exceptions (in this regard, fig. 6 and 7 are referred to more later), wherein during the charging section QSThe ratio of pulses to pulse pauses is controlled dynamically as will be explained in more detail. The pulse generator 4 can also be integrated into the energy source 3.
First, some possible embodiments of the charging pulse LP should be explained in more detail with reference to fig. 2 to 5. Fig. 2 shows the charging pulse LPAccording to a first possible embodiment of (1). The charging pulse LP is composed of a pulse P and a pulse pause PP, wherein the time period t of the charging pulse LPSFrom the charging time tladeAnd a pause time tPPAnd (4) forming. In summary, during the time period tSIn the charging section QSThe battery 2 is charged. In the example shown, the charging current I in the pulse pause PP is greater than zero, so that the charging section Q isSAlso in the pulsed pause PP, to charge the battery 2. Obviously, QSIs the integral of the charging pulse LP. It should be noted here that: preferably, the current I of the pulse PmaxIs selected as the maximum possible current at the current environmental conditions (U, T, SOC) of the battery 2. For example, current ImaxMay be 200A.
An alternative charging pulse LP is shown in fig. 3, wherein the difference from the charging pulse LP according to fig. 2 is that the current strength I in the pulse pause PP is zero.
In fig. 4, a discharge pulse EP is additionally provided in the pulse pause PP. The discharge pulse can also be set at the end of the charging pulse LP or within the pulse pause PP. As shown, the current strength I of the pulse pause PP may be greater than zero or equal to zero.
In fig. 5, the charging pulse LP is shown, wherein the pulse rise and fall are limited. It should be noted here that this embodiment may also be combined with other charging pulses LP. For example, the magnitude of the gradient is limited to 20A/s.
In fig. 6 it is now shown that the charging section Q has to be reducedSBecause the maximum charging time t has been exceededlade，max. Accordingly, the control unit 5 will charge the segment Q for the next charge pulse LPSDown to QS', such that the maximum charging time t is no longer exceededlade，max。
In fig. 7, the section Q to be charged is shownSUp to QS' because of being lower than the minimum charging time tlade，min. Alternatively, in such a case, the current intensity of the pulse P may also be reduced.
An exemplary pulse sequence is shown in fig. 8, in which a charging segment Q is shownSHoldingIs constant. If the current intensity I has to be reduced due to environmental conditions of the battery 2 (e.g. U, T and/or SOC), the charging time T is extended accordinglyladeAnd the pulse pause PP is shortened.
Then, when a suspension condition (e.g., SOC = 90%) is reached, the method is terminated.

Claims (9)

1. A method for charging a battery (2) by means of an electrical energy source (3), wherein a charging section (Q) is selectedS) And time period (t)S) Wherein a control unit (5) controlling the energy source (3) or the pulse generator (4) is assigned to the electrical energy source (3), wherein the control unit (5) controls the energy source (3) or the pulse generator (4) such that during the time period (t)S) Generating a charging pulse (LP) internally in order to charge the section (Q)S) Charging the battery (2), wherein the charging pulse (LP) has at least one pulse (P) and a Pulse Pause (PP), wherein the method is continued until a predefined pause condition is reached.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in said Pulse Pause (PP) a charging current is set which is greater than zero or equal to zero.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a discharge pulse (EP) is provided in the Pulse Pause (PP).
4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gradient of the pulse rise or fall is limited to a predefined value.
5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that when said pulse (P) reaches said time period (t)S) Or exceeds a predetermined maximum charging time (t)lade，max) While decreasing said charging section (Q)S）。
6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a minimum charging time (t) is predefinedlade，min) Wherein when said pulse (P) is shorter than a minimum charging time (t)lade，min) While increasing the charging section (Q)S）。
7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension condition is a limit value for the state of charge of the battery (2), wherein the limit value is at least SOC = 80%.
8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic curves for the maximum current (I), the maximum voltage (U) and the temperature (T) of the battery (2) are taken into account in the control unit (5).
9. A control unit (5) for controlling an electrical energy source (3) or a pulse generator (4) to generate charging pulses (LP) for charging a battery (2), wherein the control unit (5) is designed to control the energy source (3) or the pulse generator (4) such that the charging pulses (LP) are generated in order to charge the battery for a predetermined period of time (t)S) Generating a predetermined charging section (Q) inS) Wherein the charging pulse (LP) has at least one pulse (P) and a Pulse Pause (PP), wherein the control unit (5) is further designed to generate the charging pulse (LP) until a predefined pause condition is reached.
CN201910613970.1A 2018-07-09 2019-07-09 Battery charging method and control unit Pending CN110707769A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018211264.9A DE102018211264A1 (en) 2018-07-09 2018-07-09 Method of charging a battery and control unit
DE102018211264.9 2018-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110707769A true CN110707769A (en) 2020-01-17

Family

ID=68943787

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910613970.1A Pending CN110707769A (en) 2018-07-09 2019-07-09 Battery charging method and control unit

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110707769A (en)
DE (1) DE102018211264A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112928351A (en) * 2021-02-10 2021-06-08 中国科学院金属研究所 Pulse charging technology of lithium-sulfur battery

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020127500A1 (en) 2020-10-19 2022-04-21 Einhell Germany Ag Charging an accumulator unit

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1531164A (en) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-22 三美电机株式会社 Charging method of secondary battery and device therefor
US20100060240A1 (en) * 2006-11-06 2010-03-11 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method for managing charging of a rechargeable battery
US20130026976A1 (en) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Getac Technology Corporation Pulse modulation charging method and apparatus
WO2016097340A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Method and device for charging a lithium-ion battery by pulses
CN107093777A (en) * 2017-04-13 2017-08-25 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery charging method and device

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5481174A (en) 1993-12-27 1996-01-02 Motorola, Inc. Method of rapidly charging a lithium ion cell
DE102010051016A1 (en) 2010-11-10 2012-05-10 Daimler Ag Traction battery i.e. lithium ion battery, charging method for hybrid vehicle, involves enabling priming charge up to predetermined state of charge of battery after connecting traction battery to charging device
DE102013105119B4 (en) * 2013-05-17 2016-03-03 H-Tech Ag Method and device for charging rechargeable cells
US20170054184A1 (en) * 2014-04-24 2017-02-23 Nec Corporation Lithium ion secondary battery system and lithium secondary battery system operation method
GB2518759A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-04-01 Daimler Ag Battery management system for a motor vehicle
DE102015200730A1 (en) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-21 Leopold Schoeller Battery-charging method
DE102015217815A1 (en) * 2015-09-17 2017-03-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating a battery cell

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1531164A (en) * 2003-03-12 2004-09-22 三美电机株式会社 Charging method of secondary battery and device therefor
US20100060240A1 (en) * 2006-11-06 2010-03-11 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method for managing charging of a rechargeable battery
US20130026976A1 (en) * 2011-07-26 2013-01-31 Getac Technology Corporation Pulse modulation charging method and apparatus
WO2016097340A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Method and device for charging a lithium-ion battery by pulses
CN107093777A (en) * 2017-04-13 2017-08-25 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery charging method and device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112928351A (en) * 2021-02-10 2021-06-08 中国科学院金属研究所 Pulse charging technology of lithium-sulfur battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018211264A1 (en) 2020-01-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8896272B2 (en) Systems and methods of battery charging with dynamic float voltage
JP4121945B2 (en) Method and apparatus for charging a rechargeable battery with a non-liquid electrolyte
CN111263998B (en) Method for charging or discharging an energy store
EP3157131B1 (en) Charge control device and charge control method
CN107181292B (en) Supplementary electric control device of electric vehicle
JP2007288982A (en) Charging circuit and charging method for the same
KR101327082B1 (en) Method for controlling charging current
JP2010104223A (en) Method for pulsed charging of battery in standalone system comprising supercapacitor
JPWO2016113791A1 (en) Battery device, charge control device, and charge control method
US11376975B2 (en) Discharge circuit and method for discharging a high-voltage DC link of a vehicle
JP6464752B2 (en) Leakage determination device
CN110707769A (en) Battery charging method and control unit
WO2015162877A1 (en) Lithium ion secondary battery system and lithium secondary battery system operation method
CN106026294B (en) A kind of charger and its control method
CN106058346A (en) Energy storage system
JP2001298872A (en) Power storage system
JP2007259632A (en) Charging circuit and charging control method
JP6459868B2 (en) Charger
CN110707770B (en) Control unit and method for charging a battery pack
US9379575B2 (en) Battery charger noise reduction by frequency switching
KR101337242B1 (en) Rapid charger for battery of pulse type having energy recovery capability and the method of controlling the charger
US9407103B2 (en) Battery charger noise reduction by variable frequency
CN110198059B (en) Method for charging an energy store
CN107487194B (en) Charging method and device of composite power supply
US7612531B2 (en) Deep discharge battery dynamic charging system and method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination