CN110707380A - Battery management system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Battery management system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110707380A CN110707380A CN201910943725.7A CN201910943725A CN110707380A CN 110707380 A CN110707380 A CN 110707380A CN 201910943725 A CN201910943725 A CN 201910943725A CN 110707380 A CN110707380 A CN 110707380A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a battery management system and a working method thereof, wherein the battery management system comprises: the device comprises a function generator, a bias circuit, a current injection test circuit and a data acquisition system; the output end of the function generator is connected with the input end of the bias circuit, the output end of the bias circuit is connected with the input end of the power supply injection test circuit, and the output end of the current injection test circuit is connected with the data acquisition system; the current of the current injection test circuit flows through the test battery; the function generator is used for generating sine voltage; the bias circuit is used for providing bias voltage; the current injection test circuit is used for measuring data of a test battery; the data acquisition system is used for acquiring data of the test battery. The method can effectively and quickly detect the impedance information of the battery, further obtain the prediction of the health condition of the battery, and provide prediction criteria for the safety and the potential safety hazard of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a battery management system and a working method thereof.
Background
Batteries are often used in our infrastructure of life, providing power in almost every aspect of daily life and industry.
During the use of the battery, a plurality of problems are often accompanied. For example, problems of over-discharge and over-charge caused by mismatching of the battery. Conventional voltage measurement only focuses on the entire battery pack, and therefore, if one battery does not match, there is a case where there is unused capacity during the process of recharging and discharging the battery, thereby causing overcharge and overdischarge of the battery. As another example, the lack of a determination of battery health can have catastrophic consequences for the safety of equipment and/or operators.
Conventional battery test measurements start from three aspects: voltage, current, and surface temperature. However, none of these tests is able to effectively detect a battery mismatch. Also, these tests are not effective in reading the health of the battery.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery management system and a working method thereof, which can effectively and quickly detect battery impedance information. Information on battery health and safety risks is typically included in the battery impedance data. By testing the impedance of the battery in real time, real-time information of the safety risk of the battery can be obtained. And then early warning and protection are carried out before the safety problem occurs to the battery, so that the maintenance cost of the battery pack and the occurrence of safety accidents are reduced, and prediction criteria can be provided for the safety of the battery and potential safety hazards.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery management system and a working method thereof. The battery management system and the working method thereof can effectively and quickly detect the impedance information of the battery, further predict the health condition of the battery and provide prediction criteria for the safety and potential safety hazards of the battery.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a battery management system, comprising:
the device comprises a function generator, a bias circuit, a current injection test circuit and a data acquisition system;
the output end of the function generator is connected with the input end of the bias circuit, the output end of the bias circuit is connected with the input end of the power supply injection test circuit, and the output end of the current injection test circuit is connected with the data acquisition system; the current of the current injection test circuit flows through the test battery;
the function generator is used for generating sine voltage;
the bias circuit is used for providing bias voltage;
the current injection test circuit is used for measuring data of a test battery;
the data acquisition system is used for acquiring data of the test battery.
Preferably, the function generator comprises: the device comprises a function generator chip, a capacitor, a potentiometer and a regulator;
the function generator chip is respectively and electrically connected with the capacitor, the potentiometer and the regulator.
Further preferably, the capacitor is connected with a pin 6 of the function generator chip, the potentiometer is connected with a pin 7 of the function generator chip, the regulator is connected with a pin 3 of the function generator chip, and the function generator can generate a sinusoidal voltage and oscillate 2 ~ 3V voltage at different frequencies.
Preferably, the bias circuit includes: the resistor R7, the resistor R5, the resistor R6 and the capacitor C4;
one end of the resistor R7 is connected with a sinusoidal voltage, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the capacitor C4, and the cathode of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R6 and the output end; the other end of the R5 is connected with a voltage VCC, and the other end of the resistor R6 is digitally grounded.
Preferably, the current injection test circuit comprises a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a transistor Q1;
the current flows from the base of the transistor Q1, and the emission set of the transistor Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R9 is digitally grounded; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the anode of the test battery, the cathode of the test battery is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is digitally grounded. The current injection test circuit injects current through the transistor, and the external resistor R9 is used for power consumption due to the damage of the initial component.
Preferably, the data acquisition system comprises: an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R11, a resistor R2, a resistor R110 and a resistor R4;
one end of the resistor R11 is connected with the V1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the negative input end of the operational amplifier; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the V2, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R110 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R4 and is used as an OUT output end; the other end of the resistor R110 is digitally grounded.
An operating method of a battery management system, comprising:
generating sinusoidal voltages with different frequencies, wherein the frequencies are adjustable, and the transmission of the sinusoidal voltages is carried out by an RC network;
injecting sinusoidal voltages of different frequencies into the test cell;
collecting voltage data of two ends of a test battery;
and transmitting the voltage data to a computing terminal for test battery impedance computation.
Preferably, the sinusoidal voltages with different frequencies are generated by a function generator, and the frequency adjusting method comprises the following steps:
establishing a capacitor, wherein the capacitor is connected with the capacitance inside the function generator chip in parallel through a peripheral capacitance;
the frequency is changed by adjusting the impedance value of the digital potentiometer;
depending on the frequency value, an adaptive capacitance is selected among the capacitors connected in parallel.
Preferably, the voltage data of the two ends of the test battery are collected and measured by a current injection test circuit, and the battery injection test circuit measures the voltage of the two ends of the test battery and the voltage of the two ends of the resistance load resistor.
Further preferably, the voltage across the battery and the voltage across the load are read by a differential amplifier of the data acquisition system for differential voltage data between the test battery and the load resistor.
Further preferably, the two kinds of data are serially connected and then input into the multichannel N-bit ADC circuit to test the differential voltage between the battery and the load resistor, and at this time, the ADC circuit obtains a plurality of data points and transmits the data points to the computing terminal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can effectively and quickly detect the impedance information of the battery, further predict the health condition of the battery and provide a prediction criterion for the safety and potential safety hazard of the battery. In a specific test process, the invention has the advantages that: high speed, less energy consumption, safety and high efficiency. In contrast to the prior art, in order to note the temperature difference, the conventional test requires a complete discharge in the two cells compared. This takes 687 minutes, or nearly 11.5 hours, and the maximum time required for testing by the method of the present invention is 15 minutes because the current is run at 100 different frequencies while testing the cell in the method of the present invention. While the conventional method requires the entire cell to be discharged for testing, the method of the present invention requires only a small portion of the time required for the cell to operate for cell discharge. Preventing a failure before it occurs would improve safety over conventional methods that fail to detect a cell mismatch. This method enables the state of the battery to be determined in less time and experience.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a function generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of the bias circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of the current injection circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic of a data acquisition system according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of an operating method of a battery management system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic drawings and illustrate only the basic flow diagram of the invention, and therefore they show only the flow associated with the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a battery management system:
a battery management system, comprising:
the device comprises a function generator, a bias circuit, a current injection test circuit and a data acquisition system;
the output end of the function generator is connected with the input end of the bias circuit, the output end of the bias circuit is connected with the input end of the power supply injection test circuit, and the output end of the current injection test circuit is connected with the data acquisition system; the current of the current injection test circuit flows through the test battery;
the function generator is used for generating sine voltage;
the bias circuit is used for providing bias voltage;
the current injection test circuit is used for measuring data of a test battery;
the data acquisition system is used for acquiring data of the test battery.
As shown in fig. 2, the function generator includes: the device comprises a function generator chip, a capacitor, a potentiometer and a regulator;
the function generator chip is respectively and electrically connected with the capacitor, the potentiometer and the regulator.
Specifically, the capacitor is connected with a pin 6 of the function generator chip, and the potentiometer is connected with a pin 7 of the function generator chip; the regulator is connected to pin 3 of the function generating chip.
As shown in fig. 3, the bias circuit includes: the resistor R7, the resistor R5, the resistor R6 and the capacitor C4;
one end of the resistor R7 is connected with a sinusoidal voltage, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the capacitor C4, and the cathode of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R6 and the output end; the other end of the R5 is connected with a voltage VCC, and the other end of the resistor R6 is digitally grounded.
As shown in fig. 4, the current injection test circuit includes a resistor R8, a resistor R9, and a transistor Q1;
the current flows from the base of the transistor Q1, and the emission set of the transistor Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R9 is digitally grounded; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the anode of the test battery, the cathode of the test battery is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is digitally grounded.
As shown in fig. 5, the data acquisition system includes: an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R11, a resistor R2, a resistor R110 and a resistor R4;
one end of the resistor R11 is connected with the V1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the negative input end of the operational amplifier; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the V2, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R110 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R4 and is used as an OUT output end; the other end of the resistor R110 is digitally grounded.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention provides a method for operating a battery management system:
an operating method of a battery management system, comprising:
s1, generating sinusoidal voltages with different frequencies, wherein the frequencies are adjustable, and the transmission of the sinusoidal voltages is carried out by an RC network;
s2, injecting sinusoidal voltages with different frequencies into a test battery;
s3, collecting voltage data at two ends of the test battery;
and S4, transmitting the voltage data to a computing terminal to perform test battery impedance computation.
The sinusoidal voltages with different frequencies are generated by a function generator, and the frequency adjusting method comprises the following steps:
establishing a capacitor, wherein the capacitor is connected with the capacitance inside the function generator chip in parallel through a peripheral capacitance;
the frequency is changed by adjusting the impedance value of the digital potentiometer;
depending on the frequency value, an adaptive capacitance is selected among the capacitors connected in parallel.
The voltage data of the two ends of the battery are collected and tested, the voltage data are measured through a current injection test circuit, and the voltage data of the two ends of the battery and the voltage data of the two ends of the resistance load resistance are measured through the current injection test circuit.
And the voltage at the two ends of the battery and the voltage at the two ends of the load read the differential voltage data of the test battery and the load resistor through a differential amplifier of the data acquisition system.
And after the two kinds of data are connected in series, the two kinds of data are input into the multichannel N-bit ADC circuit, and the ADC circuit acquires a plurality of data points and transmits the data points to the computing terminal.
For example, the following steps are carried out: the function generating chip of the function generator adopts an XR2206 model, the regulator is used for determining peak value to peak value, and the resistor R3 adopts 10K omega. The function generator generates a sinusoidal voltage which oscillates 2-3 volts at different frequencies. These frequencies are transmitted by the RC network and operate digitally. Which capacitor is used for each respective frequency is selected. The capacitor needs to be unpolarized because polarized capacitors produce a sine wave
The impedance range of the digital potentiometer is 1 Ω to 1 Μ Ω, which has 256 adjustable settings. To determine the capacitance and impedance values to be used.
The current injection test circuit takes a voltage from the function generator and generates a small current, which is then injected into the test cell. This injection is performed by a transistor Q1, of the type 2n2222 used for said transistor Q1, which also comprises an external resistor R9 at the emitter, said external resistor R9=15 Ω for power consumption.
After the transistor injects current into the test battery, the voltage difference across the battery is looked up by the operational amplifier U1. The operational amplifier U1 is an LF353 model. Since the amplifier itself is configured to have unity gain (a _ V = 1), the resistor network settings, all four resistor networks, must be the same value. Two battery injection test circuits were created in the overall test circuit: one for measuring the voltage difference across the test battery and the other for measuring the voltage difference across the rear resistive load of the battery.
The resistive load is provided for two purposes: first, it consumes power generated by the battery and injected current, thereby ensuring safe operation. Second, the voltage difference across the resistor can be used in our data acquisition system to calculate the current injected into the test cell.
A data acquisition system:
the differential voltage readings of the battery and the load resistor are connected in series and then input into the multi-channel n-bit ADC circuit. The input and output of the ADC circuit should be within the full range of the battery voltage, i.e. measuring the voltage across the battery, the ADC should see the same voltage, one thousandth and less of a change. At least 256 data points are acquired from the ADC, which are later used during processing to correctly reconstruct the sinusoidal waveform produced by the battery response and resistors, and the larger the points, the noise can be minimized. After a specified number of data points are acquired, the data is then serially sent to a connection PC where impedance and phase calculations will be performed. Note that the previously obtained voltage across the resistor will be used for the current calculation through the battery branch.
The above detailed description is specific to possible embodiments of the present invention, and the above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of the present invention should be included in the present claims.
Claims (10)
1. A battery management system, comprising:
the device comprises a function generator, a bias circuit, a current injection test circuit and a data acquisition system;
the output end of the function generator is connected with the input end of the bias circuit, the output end of the bias circuit is connected with the input end of the power supply injection test circuit, and the output end of the current injection test circuit is connected with the data acquisition system; the current of the current injection test circuit flows through the test battery;
the function generator is used for generating sine voltage;
the bias circuit is used for providing bias voltage;
the current injection test circuit is used for measuring data of a test battery;
the data acquisition system is used for acquiring data of the test battery.
2. A battery management system according to claim 1, wherein said function generator comprises: the device comprises a function generator chip, a capacitor, a potentiometer and a regulator;
the function generator chip is respectively and electrically connected with the capacitor, the potentiometer and the regulator.
3. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the bias circuit comprises: the resistor R7, the resistor R5, the resistor R6 and the capacitor C4;
one end of the resistor R7 is connected with a sinusoidal voltage, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the capacitor C4, and the cathode of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R6 and the output end; the other end of the R5 is connected with a voltage VCC, and the other end of the resistor R6 is digitally grounded.
4. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the current injection test circuit comprises a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a transistor Q1;
the current flows from the base of the transistor Q1, and the emission set of the transistor Q1 is connected with one end of a resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R9 is digitally grounded; the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the anode of the test battery, the cathode of the test battery is connected with one end of a resistor R8, and the other end of the resistor R8 is digitally grounded.
5. A battery management system according to claim 1, wherein said data acquisition system comprises: an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R11, a resistor R2, a resistor R110 and a resistor R4;
one end of the resistor R11 is connected with the V1, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the negative input end of the operational amplifier; one end of the resistor R2 is connected with the V2, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R110 and the positive input end of the operational amplifier, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the resistor R4 and is used as an OUT output end; the other end of the resistor R110 is digitally grounded.
6. A method of operating a battery management system, comprising:
generating sinusoidal voltages with different frequencies, wherein the frequencies are adjustable, and the transmission of the sinusoidal voltages is carried out by an RC network;
injecting sinusoidal voltages of different frequencies into the test cell;
collecting voltage data of two ends of a test battery;
and transmitting the voltage data to a computing terminal for test battery impedance computation.
7. The operating method of a battery management system according to claim 6, wherein the sinusoidal voltages of different frequencies are generated by a function generator, and the frequency adjusting method comprises:
establishing a capacitor, wherein the capacitor is connected with the capacitance inside the function generator chip in parallel through a peripheral capacitance;
the frequency is changed by adjusting the impedance value of the digital potentiometer;
depending on the frequency value, an adaptive capacitance is selected among the capacitors connected in parallel.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the collecting voltage data across the test cell is measured by a current injection test circuit that measures the voltage across the test cell and the voltage across the resistive load resistor.
9. The operating method of the battery management system according to claim 8, wherein the voltage across the battery and the voltage across the load are read by a differential amplifier of the data acquisition system to obtain differential voltage data of the test battery and the load resistor.
10. The operating method of a battery management system according to claim 9, wherein the differential voltage between the battery and the load resistor is tested, and the two kinds of data are serially connected and then input into the multi-channel N-bit ADC circuit, and at this time, the ADC circuit obtains a plurality of data points and transmits the data points to the computing terminal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910943725.7A CN110707380A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Battery management system and working method thereof |
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| CN201910943725.7A CN110707380A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Battery management system and working method thereof |
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| CN111781527A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-10-16 | 国家电网有限公司 | Detection device and equipment for degraded battery |
| US11237218B2 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2022-02-01 | Google Llc | Battery state estimation |
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Application publication date: 20200117 |