CN110706662B - 用于rgbg子像素格式的色彩变换的设备和方法以及存储介质 - Google Patents

用于rgbg子像素格式的色彩变换的设备和方法以及存储介质 Download PDF

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CN110706662B
CN110706662B CN201910615660.3A CN201910615660A CN110706662B CN 110706662 B CN110706662 B CN 110706662B CN 201910615660 A CN201910615660 A CN 201910615660A CN 110706662 B CN110706662 B CN 110706662B
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维贾雅拉加万·蒂鲁玛莱
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Abstract

本发明公开了用于RGBG子像素格式的色彩变换的设备和方法以及存储介质。提出了一种用于将Y0Y1CoCg或Y0Y1CbCr图像数据直接转换为RGBG图像数据的方法、以及一种包括被配置为执行此类转换的解码器的显示设备。所述转换可以如下执行:
Figure DDA0002123849120000011
Figure DDA0002123849120000012
其中α为缩放因子。

Description

用于RGBG子像素格式的色彩变换的设备和方法以及存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年7月9日提交的美国临时专利申请第62/695,578号的权益,该专利申请的内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本文公开的发明构思涉及用于实现RGBG格式的色彩变换的方法及设备。
背景技术
诸如液晶显示器(LCD)和有机发光二极管(OLED)的显示设备具有各种应用,且有宽的尺寸范围。大多数显示设备包含用于显示图像的像素,其中典型的像素包括红色(R)子像素单元、绿色(G)子像素单元和蓝色(B)子像素单元。子像素可以以多种不同方式来布置。一种常见的布局是包括相同数量的R、G和B子像素的RGB布局,这些相同数量的R、G和B子像素以系统的方式重复自身,如图1所示。有时称为“五格型(pentile)RGBG”的另一布局,是包括为R子像素或B子像素两倍多的G子像素的RGBG布局,如图2所示。因为人的视觉系统对绿色比对红色或蓝色更敏感,所以有时优选RGBG布局。
在RGB布局中,6个子像素(RGBRGB)用于两个像素的信息,如图3A所示。相比之下,在RGBG布局中,仅4个子像素(RGBG)用于两个像素的信息(参见图3B)。由于RGBG布局需要比RGB布局少1/3的子像素来显示同一图像,因此RGBG相对于传统的RGB配置可以具有提高的功率效率的优点。
即使在RGBG类别内,也有对子像素进行布局的不同方式。例如,如图4A和图4B所图示的,红色子像素和蓝色子像素可以在垂直方向上交织,或不在垂直方向上交织。
显示设备接收用于R、G和B的源图像数据。源图像数据指示将要在显示面板上渲染的图像。作为显示设备的一部分的子像素渲染单元,将源图像数据所指示的图像渲染到显示面板上。渲染过程常常包括色彩变换或色彩空间转换,色彩变换或色彩空间转换指的是图像从一个色彩空间到另一色彩空间的变换。在色彩变换期间,色彩分量(R、G和B)在图像数据和特定设备的子像素布局之间是关联的,例如用于有效压缩。
对于RGB布局,流行的色彩变换包括YCbCr和YCoCg,其中Y=亮度,
Cb=色度蓝色,
Cr=色度红色,
Co=色度橙色,以及
Cg=色度绿色。
如下所示的YCoCg色彩变换,通常计算上比YCbCr变换简单(YCbCr需要浮点计算):
Figure BDA0002123849100000021
最已知的色彩变换仅可应用于RGB格式。由于RGBG格式具有如上所述的优点,因此期望生成可应用于RGBG格式的色彩变换方法。
发明内容
在一个方面中,本发明构思涉及一种显示RGBG格式的图像数据的方法。该方法涉及接收Y0Y1CoCg格式的输入图像数据,并通过如下应用逆色彩变换对所接收的输入图像数据进行解码:使用Y0、Y1、Co和Cg来确定R值;使用Y0、Y1和不多于Cg及Co之一来确定G0值;使用Y0、Y1、Co和Cg来确定B值;并且使用Y0、Y1和不多于Cg和Co之一来确定G1值。
在另一方面中,本发明构思涉及一种用于RGBG格式的图像数据的色彩变换的方法。该方法涉及基于R、B、以及G0和G1之一来确定第一亮度值;基于R、B、以及G0和G1中的另一个来确定第二亮度值;确定第一色度值;并且确定第二色度值。
在另一方面中,本发明构思涉及一种被配置为执行上面方法的显示设备。
附图说明
图1描绘了包括相同数量的R、G和B子像素的常规RGB布局。
图2描绘了包括为R子像素或B子像素两倍多的G子像素的常规RGBG布局。
图3A描绘了常规RGB布局中的两个像素。
图3B描绘了常规RGBG布局中的两个像素。
图4A和图4B描绘了用于RGBG布局的不同配置。
图5描绘了具有色彩变换的压缩方案的示例。
图6描绘了RGBG格式中的基本单元的示例。
图7A和图7B描绘了可以应用上面的色彩变换的RGBG格式的其它示例。
图8描绘了常规显示设备的示例的框图。
具体实施例
提出了可应用于RGBG格式的色彩变换的方法。更具体地,提出了用于RGBG格式的双亮度Y0Y1CoCg色彩变换及Y0Y1CbCr色彩变换。本发明构思涵盖了可应用于RGBG的直接变换,该直接变换可区别于涉及首先将RGBG转换为诸如RGB格式的中间格式、然后应用诸如YCoCg或YCbCr的色彩变换的两步变换。在两步变换方法中,可以通过将未知的子像素设为零或基于内插进行计算,来执行RGBG到RGB的转换。从RGBG到RGB的转换增加了1/3的像素数量,并且不利地影响压缩效率,因为比起RGBG,在RGB中有更多像素要压缩。两步变换方法还涉及可能昂贵的不必要的计算,且具有因中间的RGBG到RGB格式转换而导致的延迟或延时。本文公开的用于RGBG的直接色彩变换克服了与两步变换方法相关联的这些缺点,从而基本上改变了RGBG色彩变换过程,且显著提高了色彩变换的效率。而且,本文公开的用于RGBG的直接色彩变换可应用于RGBG的不同格式/布局,只要能够形成基本单元。
本文公开的技术无需中间的RGBG到RGB转换。比起常规的变换,本文公开的直接的Y0Y1CoCg色彩变换更易实现,因为无浮点计算。因无除法运算,本文公开的变换技术是硬件友好的。
图5描绘了可以由显示驱动器执行的具有色彩变换的压缩方案的示例。该方案包括按序布置的色彩变换52的块、编码(或压缩)54的块(也被叫做编码器(或压缩器))、解码(或解压缩)56的块(也被叫做解码器(或解压缩器))和逆色彩变换58的块。如本文所用的,“色彩变换”或“色彩空间转换”指的是图像从一个色彩空间到另一色彩空间的变换。在本公开中,色彩变换52在RGBG→Y0Y1CoCg转换或RGBG→Y0Y1CbCr转换的上下文中作为示例被描述。在诸如RGB或RGBG的格式中,在通道R、G和B之间存在关联,使得在通道之间存在相互依赖性。在压缩54之前应用对RGBG的色彩变换52,因为因现有的关联,压缩RGBG本身不是最优的。而且,先于压缩54的色彩变换52可以防止应用预测编码所导致的解码过程的任意复杂性,在预测编码中,一个分量是根据另一分量来预测的。色彩变换52解除了在R、G和B通道间存在的依赖性的关联。在采取色彩变换52后,可以为每个通道独立地应用压缩54,这可能简化解码56。
在一个实施例中,将解码56的块和逆色彩变换58的块并入接收色彩变换后的被编码的输入图像数据的显示设备中。输入图像数据可能很大。假如显示设备为高分辨率,且它结合了高比特深度(例如,结合了每分量10或12比特的比特深度的4K或8K显示面板),将不得不以可能因带宽限制而难以实现的高比特率供给图像数据。在此类情况下,数据的压缩便于数据供给以降低的速率而发生,该降低的速率进一步转换为最小功耗。适于实现本发明构思的显示驱动器配置是公知的。
色彩变换52在压缩54之前执行,使得独立地压缩Y0Y1CoCg、Y0Y1CbCr、YCoCg或YCbCr中的每个分量。在图5所示的示例中,对RGBG输入图像执行色彩变换52,使得相关联的分量(例如,R、G和B)被映射到另一空间上,以有效压缩(经色彩变换)。色彩变换后的数据经历压缩54,并被编码。输入图像数据的压缩后的表示到达显示设备,并且解码56一般在接收被编码的数据的显示设备处或其附近执行。被解码的数据接着被逆色彩变换回RGBG/RGB格式,以为显示设备生成重构的图像。
对于RGB布局,流行的色彩变换包括YCbCr和YCoCg,其中Y=亮度,
Cb=色度蓝色,
Cr=色度红色,
Co=色度橙色,以及
Cg=色度绿色。
如下所示的YCoCg色彩变换通常计算上比YCbCr变换简单:
Figure BDA0002123849100000041
根据本发明构思,提出将Y0Y1CoCg色彩变换直接应用于RGBG格式的每个基本单元,即无到RGB格式的转换。Y0Y1CoCg色彩变换应用于每个基本单元。RGBG格式的基本单元包含两个G子像素、一个R子像素和一个B子像素。图6描绘了RGBG格式中的基本单元的示例。计算两个Y亮度值,因为在一个基本单元中有两个绿色子像素。
用于RGBG的正变换如下:
Figure BDA0002123849100000051
其中α为缩放因子或常数,诸如1或2。如上所示,第一亮度值Y0取决于R子像素、G0子像素和B子像素。第二亮度值Y1取决于R、B和G1。色度橙色Co取决于R和B,并且色度绿色Cg取决于R、G0、B和G1
为了避免因色彩变换而在重构的图像中引入的伪影,色彩变换可能在数学上是无损的。这是无损过程,且逆变换如下:
Figure BDA0002123849100000052
图7A和7B描绘了可以应用上面的色彩变换的RGBG格式的其它示例。如上所示,图像数据(在此示例中是RGBG,但能够为任意其它色彩空间)在被编码(例如,压缩)之前,经历色彩变换。在进行解码(例如,解压缩)后,应用逆色彩变换,以获得重构的图像。
根据本发明构思的双亮度Y0Y1CoCg色彩变换将其自身区别于YCoCg压缩。为了压缩YCoCg数据,惯例是比起投入到亮度(Y),将更多压缩努力投入到色度(Co、Cg),因为人类视觉对亮度比对色度敏感。类似地,为了压缩Y0Y1CoCg数据,比起投入在色度通道(Co、Cg)上,更多关注可能被投入在这两个亮度通道上。
本文公开的技术可以应用于任意可逆色彩变换(RCT),诸如Y0Y1CbCr变换。用于Y0Y1CbCr的正变换如下:
Figure BDA0002123849100000061
其中α为常数。
因为这是无损过程,因此逆变换如下:
Figure BDA0002123849100000062
在Y0Y1CbCr变换中,Y0取决于R、G0和B,并且Y1取决于R、B和G1,类似于上面示出的Y0Y1CoCg变换。Cb取决于G0、B和G1,但不取决于R,并且Cr取决于R、G0和G1,但不取决于B。
图8描绘了常规显示设备(例如,TFT LCD)的框图。显示设备10包括诸如液晶(LC)面板的显示面板16,并且显示面板16包括多个子像素、多个列电极和多个公共行电极。显示面板16的每个子像素是在行电极和列电极之间的可开关电容器。显示设备10进一步包括并行驱动列电极的列驱动器组(bank)14和在按序选择行电极时驱动行电极的行驱动器阵列15。接口12连接在微控制器(未示出)和显示设备10之间。接口12一般在显示时序控制器13的输入侧实现。列驱动器组14包括列驱动器的阵列。通常,列驱动器组14的每个列驱动器提供用于显示面板16的列电极的模拟输出信号。列驱动器组14可以包括单独的输出缓冲器。行驱动器阵列15包括行驱动器的阵列。显示面板16可以是无源矩阵LCD面板,尽管这不是本发明构思的限制。
如图8所图示的,有位于显示时序控制器13与列驱动器组14之间的缓冲器或存储器17。此缓冲器17(例如,RAM)根据本发明构思暂时存储压缩后的图像数据。表示将要在显示面板16上显示的图像的图像数据作为串行数据,由显示时序控制器13经缓冲器17给予列驱动器组14。
在解压缩后,缓冲器17的输出可以被发送到列驱动器组14内的列驱动器。数据被传送至列驱动器的输出,以便驱动显示面板16。
本文公开的发明构思提高了压缩效率,这样做是为了用较少的比特表示相同的图像数据。本文公开的方法是硬件友好的,因为无需浮点计算。而且,通过避免上面提到的RGBG到RGB的中间转换,减少了延迟或迟时。
尽管就方法或技术方面来描述实施例,但应该理解,本公开还可以涵盖包括非暂时性计算机可读存储介质的制品,用于执行该方法的实施例的计算机可读指令存储在非暂时性计算机可读存储介质上。计算机可读介质可以包括用于存储计算机可读代码的例如半导体、磁、光磁、光或其它形式的计算机可读介质。进一步,本公开还可以涵盖用于实现本文公开的发明构思的实施例。此类装置可以包括专用和/或可编程的用于执行与实施例有关的操作的电路。
此类装置的示例包括被适当编程的通用计算机和/或专用计算设备,且可以包括适用于与实施例有关的各种操作的计算机/计算设备和专用/可编程的硬件电路(诸如电、机械和/或光电路)的组合。
应该理解,能够用在本公开的精神及范围内的更改及改变来实现本发明构思。而且,本发明构思可以应用于使用本文未明确提及的、诸如DSC或VDC-M的编解码器进行压缩的情况。本说明书不旨在是穷尽的、或将本发明构思限于所公开的精确形式。

Claims (13)

1.一种显示RGBG格式的图像数据的方法,包括:
接收Y0Y1CoCg格式的输入图像数据;
通过应用如下的逆色彩变换,对所接收的输入图像数据进行解码:
Figure FDA0003598620690000011
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Co为色度橙色,并且Cg为色度绿色,并且
其中α为缩放因子。
2.一种显示RGBG格式的图像数据的方法,包括:
接收Y0Y1CbCr格式的输入图像数据;
通过应用如下的逆色彩变换,对所接收的输入图像数据进行解码:
Figure FDA0003598620690000012
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Cb为色度蓝色,并且Cr为色度红色,并且
其中α为缩放因子。
3.一种用于RGBG格式的图像数据的色彩变换的方法,包括:
通过应用如下的色彩变换,对RG0BG1格式的图像数据进行编码:
Figure FDA0003598620690000021
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Co为色度橙色,并且Cg为色度绿色,并且
其中α为缩放因子。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中将所述第一亮度值、所述第二亮度值、所述色度橙色和所述色度绿色应用于一个基本单元。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,进一步包括如下执行逆变换:
Figure FDA0003598620690000022
6.一种用于RGBG格式的图像数据的色彩变换的方法,包括:
通过应用如下的色彩变换,对RG0BG1格式的图像数据进行编码:
Figure FDA0003598620690000031
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Cb为色度蓝色,并且Cr为色度红色,并且
其中α为常数。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,进一步包括如下实现逆变换:
Figure FDA0003598620690000032
8.一种显示设备,包括:
存储器,被配置为暂时存储经历色彩变换的Y0Y1CoCg格式的图像数据;
解码器,如下将所述Y0Y1CoCg格式的图像数据转换为RG0BG1格式的图像数据:
Figure FDA0003598620690000033
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Co为色度橙色,并且Cg为色度绿色,并且
其中α为常数。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示设备,其中如下对所述Y0Y1CoCg格式的图像数据进行编码:
Figure FDA0003598620690000041
10.一种显示设备,包括:
存储器,被配置为暂时存储经历色彩变换的Y0Y1CbCr格式的图像数据;以及
解码器,如下将所述Y0Y1CbCr格式的图像数据转换为RG0BG1格式的图像数据:
Figure FDA0003598620690000042
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Cb为色度蓝色,并且Cr为色度红色,并且
其中α为常数。
11.根据权利要求10所述的显示设备,其中所述Y0Y1CbCr格式的图像数据如下被编码:
Figure FDA0003598620690000051
12.一种包括指令的非暂时性计算机可读存储介质,所述指令在执行时如下将Y0Y1CoCg格式的图像数据转换为RG0BG1格式的图像数据:
Figure FDA0003598620690000052
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Co为色度橙色,并且Cg为色度绿色,并且
其中α为常数。
13.一种包括指令的非暂时性计算机可读存储介质,所述指令在执行时如下将Y0Y1CbCr格式的图像数据转换为RG0BG1格式的图像数据:
Figure FDA0003598620690000053
其中Y0为第一亮度值,Y1为第二亮度值,Cb为色度蓝色,并且Cr为色度红色,并且
其中α为常数。
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