CN110705119B - Energy-saving analysis method and system for sun-shading device and storage medium - Google Patents
Energy-saving analysis method and system for sun-shading device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of buildings, and discloses an energy-saving analysis method, a system and a storage medium of a sun-shading device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating first radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when no sunshade device is arranged; calculating a second radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged; calculating the ratio of the second radiant heat to the first radiant heat in each unit time to obtain the shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time; calculating the average value of the sun-shading coefficients in the summer time period to obtain the summer sun-shading coefficient according to the sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in each unit time, and calculating the average value of the sun-shading coefficients in the winter time period to obtain the winter sun-shading coefficient; and calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device. The invention can analyze the energy-saving effect of the sun-shading device through the energy-saving effect coefficient in the design stage, so that the designed sun-shading device achieves better energy-saving effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to an energy-saving analysis method and system for a sun-shading device and a storage medium.
Background
In the hot summer and cold winter areas, the cooling effect of the indoor air conditioner is needed to be used for balancing the radiation heat entering the room outdoors in summer, and the heating effect of the indoor air conditioner is needed to be used for increasing the indoor temperature in winter so as to increase the comfort of users.
In order to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner, a sun shield is generally arranged outside a window and a glass curtain wall, and partial radiation heat entering a room is shielded by the sun shield. At present, the design is carried out through the sun-shading effect of the sun-shading device when the sun-shading device is designed. The sun shield is fixedly arranged outside the window, and if the sun shield has an excessively good sun-shading effect, the radiation heat entering the room in winter is reduced, and the energy consumption of an air conditioner is increased; if the sun-shading effect of the sun-shading board is not good enough, the radiation heat entering the room in summer is increased, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner is also increased. Therefore, the sun-shading device designed by the existing method cannot reduce energy consumption better.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving analysis method, an energy-saving analysis system and a storage medium for a sun-shading device, which can enable the designed sun-shading device to achieve a better energy-saving effect so as to reduce energy consumption.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, an energy-saving analysis method for a sunshade device is provided, which includes: the sun shading device comprises a horizontal sun shading plate and a vertical sun shading plate, wherein the horizontal sun shading plate is arranged above a window, and the vertical sun shading plate is arranged on the side edge of the window;
the energy-saving analysis method comprises the following steps:
calculating first radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when no sunshade device is arranged;
calculating a second radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged;
calculating the ratio of the second radiant heat to the first radiant heat in each unit time to obtain the shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time;
calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the summer time period to obtain the summer shading coefficient and calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the winter time period to obtain the winter shading coefficient according to the shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time;
and calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device.
Further preferably, the calculating the first radiant heat quantity entering the room per unit time without the sunshade device specifically includes:
calculating the surface direct radiation intensity radiated on the window according to formula (1);
according to the direct surface radiation intensity and a formula (2), calculating to obtain a first radiation heat entering the room in each unit time when no sun-shading device exists;
Jd＝Jdn×cosh×cos(A-Ay) (1)
P 1 ＝Jd×W+Js×W×0.5 (2)
wherein Jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated on the window per unit time; jdn is the intensity of the direct solar radiation in each unit time; h is the solar altitude; a is the solar azimuth; ay is the orientation angle of the window; p is 1 Is a first radiant heat; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window.
Further preferably, the calculating of the second radiant heat quantity entering the room per unit time when the sunshade device is installed specifically includes:
calculating the shadow area on the window when the sun shading device is arranged;
calculating the visual coefficient of the sun-shading device;
calculating the surface direct and scattered radiation intensity of radiation on the window;
according to the shadow area, the visual coefficient, the direct surface radiation intensity and a formula (3), calculating to obtain a second radiation heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun-shading device is arranged;
wherein, P 2 Is the second radiant heat; jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated onto the window per unit time; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window; s is the shadow area; eta is the transmittance of the sun visor; f is the visual coefficient when the sun-shading device is arranged; SC (Single chip computer) g The shading coefficient of the glass;
is the window frame area ratio.
Further preferably, the calculating the shadow area on the window when the sunshade device is arranged specifically includes:
judging whether the front and the side of the window are shielded or not;
when the front side and the side edge of the window are not shielded, the area which can be covered by the sun-shading device on the wall surface is obtained;
dividing the area into a plurality of regions according to the end points of the sun-shading device and the end points of the window;
acquiring the projection position of the outer side endpoint of the sun-shading device in the area;
and calculating the shadow area according to the region of the projection position.
Further preferably, the calculating the shadow area on the window when the sunshade device is set further comprises:
when the front of the window is shielded, determining the area of the window as the shadow area;
when the front of the window is not shielded and the side edge of the window is shielded, acquiring the orientation angle of the window and the solar azimuth angle at the current moment;
judging whether the orientation angle of the window is larger than the solar azimuth angle at the current moment;
if so, judging that the east structure of the window plays a shielding role, and calculating the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (5);
if not, judging that the west-side structure of the window plays a shielding role, and calculating the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (6);
S＝S′+(S 1 -S′)×λ (4)
wherein S' is the shadow area on the window when the front and the side of the window are not shielded; s. the 1 Is the window area; lambda is a side occlusion shadow coefficient; theta is the angle difference between the window orientation angle and the solar azimuth angle; a is the width of the window; x East Depth of the east shelter; y is East Distance of east shade from window edge; x Western medicine Depth of the west barrier; y is West of China The distance of the west shade from the edge of the window.
In another aspect, an energy-saving analysis system for a sunshade device is provided, including: the sun shading device comprises a horizontal sun shading plate and a vertical sun shading plate, wherein the horizontal sun shading plate is arranged above a window, and the vertical sun shading plate is arranged on the side edge of the window;
the energy-saving analysis system comprises:
the heat calculating module is used for calculating first radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is not arranged;
the heat calculating module is also used for calculating a second radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged;
the ratio calculation module is used for calculating the ratio of the second radiant heat to the first radiant heat in each unit time to obtain the sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in each unit time;
the coefficient calculation module is used for calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the summer time period to obtain the summer shading coefficient according to the shading coefficients of the shading device in each unit time, and calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the winter time period to obtain the winter shading coefficient;
and the coefficient calculation module is also used for calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device.
Further preferably, the heat calculating module includes:
a shadow area calculation unit for calculating a shadow area on the window when the sunshade device is set;
the visual coefficient calculating unit is used for calculating the visual coefficient of the sun shading device;
a radiation intensity calculating unit for calculating surface direct and scattered radiation intensities radiated on the window;
the radiant heat calculating unit is used for calculating and obtaining second radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged according to the shadow area, the visual coefficient, the direct surface radiation intensity and a formula (3);
wherein, P 2 Is the second radiant heat; jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated onto the window per unit time; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window; s is the shadow area; eta is the transmittance of the sun visor; f is the visual coefficient when the sun-shading device is arranged; SC (Single chip computer) g The shading coefficient of the glass;
is the window frame area ratio.
Further preferably, the shadow area calculation unit includes:
the judging subunit is used for judging whether the front and the side of the window are shielded or not;
the obtaining subunit is used for obtaining the area which can be covered by the sun-shading device on the wall surface when the front side and the side edge of the window are not shielded;
the area dividing subunit is used for dividing the area into a plurality of areas according to the end point of the sun-shading device and the end point of the window;
the obtaining subunit is configured to obtain a projection position of an outer end point of the sunshade device in the area;
and the calculating subunit is used for calculating the shadow area according to the region where the projection position is located.
Further preferably, the shadow area calculation unit further includes:
a determining subunit, configured to determine, when there is a blind in front of the window, an area of the window as the shadow area;
the acquiring subunit is configured to acquire an orientation angle of the window and a solar azimuth at the current moment when there is no shielding in front of the window and there is shielding on a side of the window;
the judging subunit is further configured to judge whether the orientation angle of the window is greater than the solar azimuth at the current moment;
the calculating subunit is further configured to, when the orientation angle of the window is greater than the solar azimuth angle at the current moment, determine that the east structure of the window plays a role in shielding, and calculate the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (5);
the calculating subunit is further configured to, when the orientation angle of the window is smaller than the solar azimuth at the current moment, determine that a west-side structure of the window plays a role in shielding, and calculate the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (6);
S＝S′+(S 1 -S′)×λ (4)
wherein S' is the shadow area on the window when the front and the side of the window are not shielded; s 1 Is the window area; lambda is a side occlusion shadow coefficient; theta is the angle difference between the window orientation angle and the solar azimuth angle; a is the width of the window; x East Depth of the east shelter; y is East Distance of east shade from window edge; x West of China Depth of the west barrier; y is Western medicine The distance of the west shade from the edge of the window.
In still another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the energy saving analysis method for a sunshade device described above.
Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving analysis method, the system and the storage medium of the sun-shading device provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sun-shading device is obtained by calculating the ratio of the sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in winter to the sun-shading coefficient in summer, so that the energy-saving effect of the sun-shading device can be analyzed through the energy-saving effect coefficient in the design stage, the designed sun-shading device achieves a better energy-saving effect, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of an air conditioner is achieved.
Drawings
The above features, technical features, advantages and implementations of a method, system and storage medium for energy conservation analysis of a solar protection system will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of an embodiment of an energy conservation analysis method of a solar protection apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position of the sun shade and window;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the range of sky observable after a horizontal sun visor is positioned;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the range of sky observable after a vertical sun visor is positioned;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the area covered by the sunshade on the wall;
FIG. 6 is a schematic ray path of sunlight;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a window with a structural barrier on the side;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of an embodiment of an energy conservation analysis system for a sunshade device according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of another embodiment of the energy saving analysis system of a sunshade device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of another embodiment of the energy conservation analysis system of a sunshade device according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
100. A heat quantity calculation module; 110. a shadow area calculation unit; 111. a judgment subunit; 112. acquiring a subunit; 113. a region dividing subunit; 114. a calculation subunit; 115. determining a subunit; 120. a view coefficient calculation unit; 130. a radiation intensity calculating unit; 140. a radiant heat calculating unit; 200. a ratio calculation module; 300. and a coefficient calculation module.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
For the sake of simplicity, only the parts relevant to the present invention are schematically shown in the drawings, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The invention provides an embodiment of an energy-saving analysis method of a sun-shading device, as shown in fig. 6, the sun-shading device comprises a horizontal sun-shading plate and a vertical sun-shading plate, wherein the horizontal sun-shading plate is arranged above a window, and the vertical sun-shading plate is arranged on the side edge of the window;
as shown in fig. 1, the energy-saving analysis method of the sunshade device includes:
s100, calculating first radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when no sunshade device exists;
s200, calculating a second radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged;
s300, calculating the ratio of the second radiant heat to the first radiant heat in each unit time to obtain a sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in each unit time;
s400, calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the summer time period to obtain a summer shading coefficient according to the shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time, and calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the winter time period to obtain a winter shading coefficient;
s500, calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device.
Specifically, the energy-saving analysis method of the invention can pick out the energy-saving effect coefficients of the horizontal sun visor or the vertical sun visor or the combination of the horizontal sun visor and the vertical sun visor for different lengths of a single window.
When analyzing the energy-saving effect of the sun-shading device, typical weather annual data of each city issued by a weather data room of a weather information center of the China weather bureau can be obtained as a database. The meteorological data comprise longitude and latitude of each city, and data such as total radiation intensity of a horizontal plane, total radiation intensity of horizontal plane heat dissipation, normal direct radiation intensity, temperature and the like corresponding to each city in each hour all the year. According to the data in the database, the corresponding data such as the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle, the solar profile angle and the like of each hour in the whole year can be calculated. When the system is actually used, corresponding meteorological data can be acquired according to cities needing to be analyzed.
According to the data in the database, the first radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is not arranged and the second radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged can be calculated in the time period when the window has direct sunlight. The unit time can be set according to the time situation, for example, the unit time can be set to be one hour, namely in the time period of direct sunlight on the window, the radiant heat quantity entering the room in each hour is respectively calculated.
After the first radiant heat and the second radiant heat which respectively correspond to each hour in the whole year are obtained, the ratio of the second radiant heat and the first radiant heat which respectively correspond to each hour is calculated, and the shading coefficient which respectively corresponds to each hour in the whole year when the shading device is radiated by sunlight is obtained.
The shading coefficient is the capability of shading or resisting sunlight, and is defined as the ratio of the solar radiation heat entering the room when a shading device is arranged outside the glass curtain wall of the building to the solar radiation heat entering the room when no external shading facility exists under the same condition; wherein the solar radiation heat includes direct radiation amount and diffused sky radiation amount, and the diffused sky radiation amount has uniformity by default regardless of the orientation of the window. Because the sun keeps rotating, the shading coefficient should be a real-time changing value. According to typical meteorological annual data issued by the meteorological information center of the China meteorological bureau, the sun position change and scattered light conditions and weather characteristics at different moments throughout the year can be considered, and the sun shading coefficients in winter and summer in any orientation can be calculated in real time.
Then, according to the shading coefficients respectively corresponding to each hour, the arithmetic mean value of the shading coefficients in the whole summer time period and the arithmetic mean value of the shading coefficients in the whole winter time period are calculated, and the summer shading coefficient and the winter shading coefficient are respectively obtained.
The calculation range of the summer time period is the start and stop time of the summer air conditioner, if the start date that the average temperature of the continuous 5 balances is higher than 22 ℃ is taken as the summer start time, and the start date that the average temperature of the continuous 5 balances is lower than 22 ℃ is taken as the summer end time. Similarly, the winter time period can be determined, for example, the winter starting time is the starting date when the continuous 5-balance average temperature is lower than 10 ℃, and the winter ending time is the starting date when the continuous 5-balance average temperature is higher than 10 ℃. The set temperature may be adaptively adjusted during actual determination of the summer and winter time periods.
And finally, calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device. The energy-saving effect coefficient is the annual sun-shading performance of the sun-shading device, and the larger the value is, the better the performance is, namely the sun-shading effect in summer is good, and meanwhile, the effect of lighting in winter is not influenced, so that the energy consumption of the air conditioner can be reduced. The energy-saving effect of the sun-shading device can be analyzed by calculating the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sun-shading device.
In the embodiment, the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sun-shading device is obtained by calculating the ratio of the sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in winter to the sun-shading coefficient in summer, so that the energy-saving effect of the sun-shading device can be analyzed by the energy-saving effect coefficient in the design stage, the designed sun-shading device achieves a better energy-saving effect, and the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of an air conditioner is achieved.
In the prior art, the calculation of the sun-shading coefficient is simplified in order to facilitate the calculation in the energy-saving specification of each province and city. For example, for the sunshade device shown in fig. 2, the residential building is mainly calculated by using the simplified calculation formula of the external sunshade coefficient in the residential building energy-saving design standard of each climate zone, and the calculation formula is as follows: shading coefficient SD = a 1 x 2 +b 1 x +1, wherein,
x is a picking coefficient, and when horizontal and vertical sun shading is adopted, the picking length A of the sun shading board from the window surface is respectively the ratio of the distance B from the end part of the sun shading board to the opposite side of the window; when the baffle is adopted for shading sun, the ratio of the height A of the baffle opposite to the window frame to the height B of the window is adopted; when x is larger than or equal to 1, taking x =1; a is a 1 And b 1 Respectively, coefficients, which can be obtained from table 1.
TABLE 1
Wherein the south direction is defined as 30 degrees of south to east, the east direction is defined as 60 degrees of south to north, the west direction is defined as 60 degrees of south to north, and the north direction is defined as 30 degrees of north to east. The fitting coefficients of different orientations of different climate zones are different, but are relatively fixed overall. Because the sun moves all the time, the sun shading coefficients at all times are different, the numerical value of the calculation result of the method is usually larger, the accuracy is lower, and the influence of different orientation angles on the sun shading coefficients in different seasons is not considered.
According to the method, the heat gain (the indoor radiation heat) of the window in any direction in each hour all the year is calculated according to the climate data of the place, and then the sun shading coefficient is calculated according to the heat gain, so that the calculated sun shading coefficient is more accurate.
In one embodiment, the step S100 of calculating the first radiant heat entering the room per unit time without the sunshade device specifically includes:
calculating the direct surface radiation intensity radiated on the window according to the formula (1);
according to the direct surface radiation intensity and a formula (2), calculating to obtain a first radiation heat entering the room in each unit time without the sun-shading device;
Jd＝Jdn×cosh×cos(A-Ay) (1)
P 1 ＝Jd×W+Js×W×0.5 (2)
wherein Jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated on the window per unit time; jdn is the intensity of the direct solar radiation in each unit time; h is the solar altitude; a is the sun azimuth; ay is the orientation angle of the window; p 1 Is a first radiant heat; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window.
Specifically, the horizontal plane scattered radiation intensity, the normal direct radiation intensity, the solar altitude angle, and the solar azimuth angle in the formulas (1) and (2) can be obtained from meteorological data. The area of the window may be manually input by the user.
According to the formulas (1) and (2), the first radiant heat quantity entering the room from the window in each unit time when the sunshade device is not arranged can be calculated.
In one embodiment, the step S200 of calculating the second radiant heat quantity entering the room per unit time when the sunshade device is installed specifically includes:
s210, calculating the shadow area on the window when the sun shading device is arranged;
s220, calculating the visual coefficient of the sun-shading device;
s230, calculating the direct and scattered radiation intensity of the surface radiated on the window;
s240, calculating to obtain a second radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun-shading device is arranged according to the shadow area, the visual coefficient, the surface direct radiation intensity and a formula (3);
wherein, P 2 Is the second radiant heat; jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated onto the window per unit time; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window; s is the shadow area; eta is the transmittance of the sun shield; f is the visual coefficient when the sun-shading device is arranged; SC (Single chip computer) g The shading coefficient of the glass;
is the window frame area ratio.
Specifically, the surface direct radiation intensity in the formula (3) can be calculated according to meteorological data and the formula (1), and the horizontal plane scattered radiation intensity is obtained according to the meteorological data.
The area of the window is known and can be manually entered by the user. The transmittance of the sun shield is determined according to the material of the sun shield, for example, when the sun shield is glass or organic glass, if the solar transmittance is less than 0.6, the transmittance of the sun shield is 0.5; if the solar transmittance is greater than 0.6, the sun visor transmittance is 0.8. When the sun shield is a metal perforated plate, if the perforation rate is less than 0.2, the transmittance of the sun shield is 0.15; if the perforation rate is more than 0.2 and less than 0.4, the transmittance of the sun shield is 0.3; if the perforation rate is more than 0.4 and less than 0.6, the transmittance of the sun shield is 0.5; if the perforation rate is more than 0.6 and less than 0.8, the transmittance of the sun shield is 0.7; namely, after the material and specification of the sun visor are determined, the transmittance of the sun visor can also be determined, and the value can be obtained by looking up a table.
The shading coefficient of the glass can be obtained by looking up a table. The sun-shading coefficient of the glass is the sun-shading coefficient of the glass installed on a window, the sun-shading coefficients of different types of glass are different, and the sun-shading coefficient of the glass can be determined after the type of the installed glass is determined. The area ratio of the window frames of the windows can also be obtained by looking up a table, the window frame ratio of a common PVC plastic window is 0.7, the window frame ratio of a wood window is 0.7, and the window frame ratio of an aluminum alloy window is 0.8; namely, the sash area ratio of the window can be determined after determining the sash type of the window.
The viewing factor of the sunshade means is the range of the sky visible when standing inside a window after the sunshade means is installed. Fig. 3 shows the range of the sky that can be observed with a horizontal sun visor and fig. 4 shows the range of the sky that can be observed with a vertical sun visor. When the angle formed by the horizontal sunshade plate is alpha and the angle formed by the vertical sunshade plate is beta, the visual coefficient is
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the important point in calculating the second radiant heat according to equation (3) is to calculate the shadow area on the window when the sunshade device is installed.
When calculating the shadow area, whether the front and the side of the window are shielded or not needs to be judged at first, and a calculation formula for judging whether the front is shielded or not is as follows: height of front floor (floor number-1) x height of floor-sill height of window]/
If the distance is less than the distance of the front floor, the front of the window is not shielded; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the sun contour angle.
The shielding of the side edge of the window refers to shielding of structures such as a balcony, a bay window and the like which are arranged in a protruding mode on the side edge of the window. When the front of the window and the side plates are not shielded, the area which can be covered by the sun-shading device on the wall surface is obtained. As shown in fig. 5, the area covered by the sunshade on the wall surface is then divided into 6 regions according to the end points of the sunshade and the end points of the window, wherein region 2 is the window glass region.
Assuming that the sun rays are irradiated from the left at the present time, as shown in fig. 6, the left end point a of the sunshade is projected at a position a ', a' in the above-mentioned area, which may fall in any one of the regions 1-6. In fig. 6, a denotes a window width; b represents the window height; m represents the distance between the vertical sunshade board and the side of the window; n represents the distance of the horizontal shade panel from the upper top edge of the window;
representing a sun profile angle; theta represents the difference between the sun azimuth and the window orientation angle; w represents the horizontal sun visor width; e1 represents the ratio of the east vertical sun visor to the horizontal sun visor, e2 represents the ratio of the west vertical sun visor to the horizontal sun visor; the drop points a' in six different areas represent six cases, respectively.
When A' falls in region 1, i.e. wtan θ < m and
when it is used, the shadow area
When A' falls in region 2, i.e.
And m < wtan θ < a + m, then:
(1) e.w.tan theta > m, the shaded area
Wherein x is 1 ＝a+m-wtanθ；
Or
(2) When e.w.tan theta is less than or equal to m,
when A' falls in region 3, i.e.
And is provided with
When, then S = ab;
when A' falls in region 4, i.e.
And is
And then:
①
when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
②
when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,
③
s = ab;
when A' falls in region 5, i.e.
And wtan θ > a + m, then:
①
when the utility model is used, the water is discharged,
②
when the utility model is used, the water is discharged,
③
s = ab;
when A' falls in region 6, i.e.
Or
Then S =0.
The shadow area on the window can be calculated according to the method. Similarly, symmetry is considered when light is radiated from the right direction. When the sunlight is irradiated from the left, e in the above calculation formula is e2, and when the sunlight is irradiated from the right, e in the above calculation formula is e1.
After the shadow area on the window is calculated, the second radiant heat quantity can be calculated according to the formula (3).
When the front of the window is shielded, the shadow area on the window is the area of the window;
as shown in fig. 7, when there is no shielding in front of the window and there is a structural shielding on the side of the window, the orientation angle of the window and the solar azimuth at the current time are obtained;
judging whether the orientation angle of the window is larger than the sun azimuth at the current moment;
if so, judging that the east structure of the window plays a shielding role, and calculating the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (5);
if not, judging that the west side structure of the window plays a shielding role, and calculating the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (6);
S＝S′+(S 1 -S′)×λ (4)
wherein S' is the shadow area on the window when the front and the side edges of the window are not shielded; s 1 Is the window area; λ is a side occlusion shadow coefficient; theta is the angle difference between the window orientation angle and the solar azimuth angle; a is the width of the window; x East Depth of the east shelter; y is East Distance of east shelter from window edge; x West of China Depth of the west barrier; y is West of China The distance of the west shade from the window.
It should be understood that, in the foregoing embodiments, the sequence numbers of the steps do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the steps should be determined by functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
The present invention further provides an embodiment of an energy saving analysis system of a sunshade device, as shown in fig. 6, the sunshade device includes a horizontal sunshade plate disposed above a window, and a vertical sunshade plate disposed at a side of the window;
as shown in fig. 8, the energy saving analysis system includes:
the heat calculating module 100 is used for calculating a first radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when no sunshade device is arranged;
the heat calculating module 100 is further configured to calculate a second radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sunshade device is installed;
a ratio calculation module 200, configured to calculate a ratio between the second radiant heat and the first radiant heat in each unit time, so as to obtain a shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time;
a coefficient calculating module 300, configured to calculate an average value of the shading coefficients in a summer time period to obtain a summer shading coefficient and calculate an average value of the shading coefficients in a winter time period to obtain a winter shading coefficient according to the shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time;
the coefficient calculating module 300 is further configured to calculate a ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain an energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9, the heat calculation module 100 includes:
a shadow area calculation unit 110 for calculating a shadow area on the window when the sunshade device is set;
a visual coefficient calculation unit 120 for calculating a visual coefficient of the sunshade;
a radiation intensity calculating unit 130 for calculating the intensity of surface direct and scattered radiation radiated on the window;
the radiant heat calculating unit 140 is configured to calculate a second radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sunshade device is installed according to the shadow area, the view coefficient, the direct surface radiation intensity, and a formula (3);
wherein, P 2 Is the second radiant heat; jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated onto the window per unit time; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window; s is the shadow area; eta is the transmittance of the sun visor; f is the visual coefficient when the sun-shading device is arranged; SC (Single chip computer) g The shading coefficient of the glass;
is the window frame area ratio.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, the shadow area calculation unit 110 includes:
a judging subunit 111, configured to judge whether there is a shielding in front of the window or at the side of the window;
an obtaining subunit 112, configured to obtain, when there is no shielding in front of the window and on the side of the window, an area that the sunshade device can cover on the wall surface;
a region dividing unit 113 for dividing the area into a plurality of regions according to an end point of the sunshade and an end point of the window;
an obtaining subunit 112, configured to obtain a projection position of an outer end point of the sunshade device in the area;
and a computing subunit 114, configured to compute the shadow area according to the region where the projection position is located.
Optionally, the shadow area calculating unit 110 further includes:
a determining subunit 115, configured to determine, when there is a shade in front of the window, an area of the window as the shadow area;
an obtaining subunit 112, configured to obtain an orientation angle of the window and a solar azimuth at the current time when there is no shielding in front of the window and there is shielding on a side of the window;
the judging subunit 111 is further configured to judge whether the orientation angle of the window is greater than the solar azimuth at the current moment;
the calculating subunit 114 is further configured to, when the orientation angle of the window is greater than the solar azimuth at the current moment, determine that the east structure of the window plays a role in shielding, and calculate the shadow area according to the formula (4) and the formula (5);
the calculating subunit 114 is further configured to, when the orientation angle of the window is smaller than the solar azimuth at the current moment, determine that the west-side structure of the window plays a role in shielding, and calculate the shadow area according to the formula (4) and the formula (6);
S＝S′+(S 1 -S′)×λ (4)
wherein S' is the shadow area on the window when the front and the side of the window are not shielded;S 1 is the window area; λ is a side occlusion shadow coefficient; theta is the angle difference between the window orientation angle and the solar azimuth angle; a is the width of the window; x East Depth of the east shelter; y is Dong (east) Distance of east shade from window edge; x West of China Depth of the west barrier; y is West of China The distance from the west shade to the edge of the window.
The specific manner in which each module in this embodiment performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be described in detail here.
The invention also provides another example of an energy-saving analysis system of the sun-shading device, which comprises a main interface, a strategy judgment module, a meteorological angle calculation module, a sun-shading calculation module and an urban meteorological database. The user may enter data on the main interface. The main interface comprises a basic information item, a building information item and a sunshade information item.
1. The basic information item:
[ CIGS ] comprises 19 major cities requiring consideration of sunshade design in summer, wherein 6 cities in the cold B region (Beijing, tianjin, shijiazhuang, jinnan, zhengzhou, and Xian), 9 cities in the hot summer and cold winter region (Shanghai, nanjing, hangzhou, hefei, nanchang, wuhan, changsha, chongqing, chengdu), and 4 cities in the hot summer and warm winter region (Guangzhou, shenzhen, fuzhou, xiamen). When the city is selected, the thermal subareas of the city can be automatically judged, the date of beginning and ending in winter and summer can be automatically judged, and a daily track diagram of the city and a relation diagram of the same orientation and the summer solar radiation quantity can be displayed.
[ ANGLE ] A specific orientation angle can be input, wherein south is 0, south is + south is east, and when a specific angle value is input, the orientation is automatically determined, wherein south (-30 DEG to +30 DEG), north (-150 DEG to-180 DEG, and +150 DEG to +180 DEG), west (+ 31 DEG to +149 DEG), and east (-31 DEG to-180 DEG).
The ratio of the area of the window opening to the area of the facade unit of the room (i.e. the area enclosed by the building story height and the division positioning line).
2. Building information item
Window shape only regular shaped rectangles can be analyzed, window width a and window height b can be set.
The width and depth of a room are input for calculating the area of the room, so that the total control radiation amount for judging whether shading is needed or not is obtained.
For a conventional residential district, whether a window is shielded or not can be judged by inputting the floor height, the sill height, the number of floors, the height of a front building and the distance between the front buildings.
Because most building outlines are zigzag, structural shielding is inevitable when the outlines are zigzag, the distance between an east structural member of a window and an east boundary of the window is simply input, and the east structural member is shielded and deepened; the distance between the west side structural member and the west boundary of the window, and the west side structural member shields the depth; therefore, a coefficient, namely the area ratio, of the east-west structural part to the shielding of the window is calculated.
3. Sunshade information item
[ Sun visor shape ] the entries include sun visor height n, sun visor side extension m, horizontal sun visor depth w, east-west vertical sun visor ratio e1, e2; the depth of the east-west vertical sun shield is e1 w, e2 w; with particular reference to fig. 6.
The input frame area ratio, i.e. frame area/window area, can be referred to table 2, typically defaulting to 0.2.
Different glass types have the shading coefficient SCg of the corresponding window glass, and can be obtained from a glass product book, and the default is generally 0.7.
Considering that some sun visors are semitransparent, the light transmittance of the sun visor can be set to be opaque 0 by default.
4. Comfort control item
The comfort control item comprises three parameters, wherein the outdoor temperature is controlled to be an essential item, and the other two parameters judge that the sun shading is needed as long as one environmental parameter exceeds the control parameter. The number of hours needed to be shaded all year round and the number of hours needed to be shaded after the external shading measure is taken can be obtained, so that the number of hours needed to be shaded after the external shading measure is taken can be obtained.
[ control outdoor temperature ] default setting is 29 ℃; setting the default setting of single-level control radiation intensity to be 30W/square meter; control sunlight depth default is set to 0.5m.
When the series of input items are input, the result can be obtained immediately, and when any one input item is changed, the result is changed correspondingly.
The result mainly comprises three parts of contents, which are respectively:
[ Sun shading coefficient ] including the external sun shading coefficient SD and the comprehensive sun shading coefficient SCw of the window considering the area ratio of the window frame and the sun shading coefficient of the glass, the sun shading coefficient in summer and the sun shading coefficient in winter can be obtained for cities in a cold B area and a hot summer and cold winter area. The effectiveness of sun shading in the area can be judged through the energy-saving effect coefficient, the effectiveness is defined as the ratio of the comprehensive sun shading coefficient in winter divided by the comprehensive sun shading coefficient in summer, the larger the value is, the more effective the sun shading is, namely, the sun shading effect in summer is good, and meanwhile, the heat gain in winter is not influenced.
The radiation dose is calculated mainly by taking shading measures, and considering the area ratio of the window frame and the shading performance of the glass, the radiation dose entering the room through the window and the total radiation dose per unit area are calculated. The total radiation includes direct radiation and sky scattered radiation. The total radiant quantity acceptance ratio and the direct radiant quantity acceptance ratio after the sun-shading measure is adopted are displayed, so that the sun-shading effectiveness can be judged from the perspective of reducing the radiant quantity.
The comfort level judgment part mainly obtains the hours of shading under the premise of not taking external shading measures according to the control conditions of the front comfort level control part, obtains the shading time proportion after taking measures at present according to the hours of shading after taking the external shading measures of the sun shield, and can judge the effectiveness of the shading measures from the perspective of the comfort level.
The comfort level judgment item can be relatively independent, and if no input control is carried out on the comfort level at the input part, the output item can be ignored.
The radiation amount can obtain the total radiation amount and the direct radiation amount in summer after the external sun-shading measure is adopted in summer and the proportion of the total radiation amount and the direct radiation amount to the radiation amount without the external sun-shading measure.
The calculation formula is as follows:
the direct radiation heat gain per hour = surface direct radiation intensity × area of the window;
total radiation per square meter of room = total radiation in summer/(room width room depth);
the total radiant quantity acceptance ratio = adopting the total radiant quantity in summer after shading/adopting the total radiant quantity in summer after shading;
direct radiation acceptance ratio = direct radiation in summer after shading adopted/direct radiation in summer after shading not adopted;
regarding comfort control:
the comfort control has three factors, namely outdoor dry bulb temperature, room uniplanar radiation intensity and direct sunlight depth, wherein the outdoor dry bulb temperature is a necessary condition and is generally set to be 29 ℃, and the sun shading requirement in the time period can be obtained as long as one factor exceeds a control value, otherwise, the sun shading requirement is not required. The room uniplanar radiation intensity is the amount of radiation received at that moment/(room face width × room depth), and the direct sunlight depth = the window height × the profile angle of the sunlight at that moment. Therefore, whether the sun-shading is needed at the moment can be judged, and the number of hours of sun-shading needed all the year when fixed external sun-shading is adopted and the ratio of the time of sun-shading needed when external sun-shading measures are not adopted are calculated.
The strategy judgment module is mainly used for determining the beginning and ending time of each city in winter and summer. The weather angle calculation module is mainly used for collecting corresponding data in an urban weather database and calculating solar radiation quantity, solar azimuth angles, solar elevation angles, solar profile angles and the like in different directions. The sun-shading calculation module is mainly used for calculating the annual time-by-time solar radiation receiving amount, the direct light depth, the time-by-time sun-shading coefficient, the energy-saving effect coefficient and the like of the window, and can judge the annual time-by-time sun-shading requirement according to the comfort control item. The urban meteorological database can only store four items of acquired data, namely 'total horizontal plane radiation intensity', 'horizontal plane scattered radiation intensity', 'normal direct radiation intensity' and 'temperature'.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the energy-saving analysis method of the sun shading device.
All or part of the flow in the control method according to the above embodiments may be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, where the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The energy-saving analysis method of the sun shading device is characterized in that the sun shading device comprises a horizontal sun shading plate and a vertical sun shading plate, wherein the horizontal sun shading plate is arranged above a window, and the vertical sun shading plate is arranged on the side edge of the window;
the energy-saving analysis method comprises the following steps:
calculating a first radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when no sunshade device is arranged;
calculating a second radiant heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun-shading device is arranged;
calculating the ratio of the second radiant heat to the first radiant heat in each unit time to obtain the sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in each unit time;
calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the summer time period to obtain the summer shading coefficient and calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the winter time period to obtain the winter shading coefficient according to the shading coefficient of the shading device in each unit time;
and calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device.
2. The method for analyzing energy conservation of a sunshade device according to claim 1, wherein said calculating a first radiant heat quantity entering a room per unit time without a sunshade device specifically comprises:
calculating the direct surface radiation intensity radiated on the window according to the formula (1);
according to the direct surface radiation intensity and a formula (2), calculating to obtain a first radiation heat entering the room in each unit time when no sun-shading device exists;
Jd＝Jdn×cosh×cos(A-Ay) (1)
P 1 ＝Jd×W+Js×W×0.5 (2)
wherein Jd is the direct surface radiation intensity radiated on the window per unit time; jdn is the intensity of the direct and normal solar radiation in each unit time; h is the solar altitude; a is the solar azimuth; ay is the orientation angle of the window; p 1 Is a first radiant heat; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window.
3. The energy-saving analysis method for the sunshade device according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the second radiant heat quantity entering the room per unit time when the sunshade device is installed specifically comprises:
calculating the shadow area on the window when the sun shading device is arranged;
calculating the visual coefficient of the sun shading device;
calculating the surface direct and scattered radiation intensity of radiation on the window;
according to the shadow area, the visual coefficient, the direct surface radiation intensity and a formula (3), calculating to obtain a second radiation heat quantity entering the room in each unit time when the sun-shading device is arranged;
wherein, P 2 A second radiant heat; jd is the surface direct radiation intensity radiated on the window per unit time; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window; s is the shadow area; eta is the transmittance of the sun visor; f is the visual coefficient when the sun-shading device is arranged; SC (Single chip computer) g The shading coefficient of the glass;
is the window frame area ratio.
4. The energy-saving analysis method for a sunshade device according to claim 3, wherein said calculating a shadow area on said window when said sunshade device is installed specifically comprises:
judging whether the front and the side of the window are shielded or not;
when the front and the side edges of the window are not shielded, acquiring the area which can be covered by the sun-shading device on the wall surface;
dividing the area into a plurality of regions according to the end points of the sun-shading device and the end points of the window;
acquiring the projection position of the outer side endpoint of the sun-shading device in the area;
and calculating the shadow area according to the region of the projection position.
5. The energy-saving analysis method for a sunshade according to claim 4, wherein said calculating a shadow area on said window when said sunshade is installed further comprises:
when the front of the window is shielded, determining the area of the window as the shadow area;
when the front of the window is not shielded and the side of the window is shielded, acquiring the orientation angle of the window and the solar azimuth angle at the current moment;
judging whether the orientation angle of the window is larger than the solar azimuth angle at the current moment;
if so, judging that the east structure of the window plays a shielding role, and calculating the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (5);
if not, judging that the west-side structure of the window plays a shielding role, and calculating the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (6);
S＝S′+(S 1 -S′)×λ (4)
wherein S' is the shadow area on the window when the front and the side of the window are not shielded; s 1 Is the window area; lambda is a side occlusion shadow coefficient; theta is the angle difference between the window orientation angle and the solar azimuth angle; a is the width of the window; x Dong (east) Depth of the east shelter; y is East Distance of east shade from window edge; x West of China Depth of the west barrier; y is Western medicine The distance of the west shade from the edge of the window.
6. The energy-saving analysis system of the sunshade device is characterized in that the sunshade device comprises a horizontal sunshade plate and a vertical sunshade plate, wherein the horizontal sunshade plate is arranged above a window, and the vertical sunshade plate is arranged on the side edge of the window;
the energy-saving analysis system comprises:
the heat calculating module is used for calculating first radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when no sunshade device exists;
the heat calculating module is also used for calculating second radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged;
the ratio calculation module is used for calculating the ratio of the second radiant heat to the first radiant heat in each unit time to obtain the sun-shading coefficient of the sun-shading device in each unit time;
the coefficient calculation module is used for calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the summer time period to obtain the summer shading coefficient according to the shading coefficients of the shading device in each unit time, and calculating the average value of the shading coefficients in the winter time period to obtain the winter shading coefficient;
the coefficient calculation module is further used for calculating the ratio of the winter sunshade coefficient to the summer sunshade coefficient to obtain the energy-saving effect coefficient of the sunshade device.
7. The system for analyzing energy conservation of a sun shade according to claim 6, wherein the heat calculating module comprises:
a shadow area calculation unit for calculating a shadow area on the window when the sunshade device is set;
the visual coefficient calculating unit is used for calculating the visual coefficient of the sun shading device;
a radiation intensity calculating unit for calculating the intensity of direct and scattered radiation radiated on the surface of the window;
the radiant heat calculating unit is used for calculating and obtaining second radiant heat entering the room in each unit time when the sun shading device is arranged according to the shadow area, the visual coefficient, the radiant intensity and a formula (3);
wherein, P 2 Is the second radiant heat; jd is the surface direct radiation intensity radiated on the window per unit time; js is the intensity of the scattered radiation at the solar level per unit time; w is the area of the window; s is the shadow area; eta is the transmittance of the sun visor; f is the visual coefficient when the sun-shading device is arranged; SC (Single chip computer) g The shading coefficient of the glass;
is the window frame area ratio.
8. The system for analyzing energy saving of sunshade device according to claim 7, wherein said shadow area calculating unit comprises:
the judging subunit is used for judging whether the front and the side of the window are shielded or not;
the acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the area which can be covered by the sun-shading device on the wall surface when the front side and the side edge of the window are not shielded;
the area dividing subunit is used for dividing the area into a plurality of areas according to the end point of the sun-shading device and the end point of the window;
the acquiring subunit is used for acquiring the projection position of the outer end point of the sun-shading device in the area;
and the calculating subunit is used for calculating the shadow area according to the region where the projection position is located.
9. The system for analyzing energy saving of sunshade device according to claim 8, wherein said shadow area calculating unit further comprises:
a determining subunit, configured to determine, when there is a blind in front of the window, an area of the window as the shadow area;
the acquiring subunit is configured to acquire an orientation angle of the window and a solar azimuth at the current moment when there is no shielding in front of the window and there is shielding on a side of the window;
the judging subunit is further configured to judge whether the orientation angle of the window is greater than the solar azimuth at the current moment;
the calculating subunit is further configured to, when the orientation angle of the window is greater than the solar azimuth at the current moment, determine that the east structure of the window plays a role in shielding, and calculate the shadow area according to the formula (4) and the formula (5);
the calculating subunit is further configured to, when the orientation angle of the window is smaller than the solar azimuth at the current moment, determine that a west-side structure of the window plays a role in shielding, and calculate the shadow area according to a formula (4) and a formula (6);
S＝S′+(S 1 -S′)×λ (4)
wherein S' is the shadow area on the window when the front and the side edges of the window are not shielded; s. the 1 Is the window area; lambda is a side occlusion shadow coefficient; theta is the angle difference between the window orientation angle and the solar azimuth angle; a is the width of the window; x East Depth of the east shelter; y is East Distance of east shade from window edge; x Western medicine Depth of the west barrier; y is Western medicine The distance of the west shade from the edge of the window.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the energy saving analysis method of a sunshade device according to any one of claims 1-5.
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| CN114575544B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-01-26 | 无锡汉科节能科技有限公司 | High-efficiency sun-shading and light-transmitting sun-shading frame installation method |
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