CN110703457A - Optical path system for naked eye 3D imaging - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种裸眼3D成像的光路系统,包括左、右显示光路(11)(21),左、右显示光路上在左、右眼位置之后依次设左、右透镜(41)(42)、左、右液晶屏(51)(52)、左、右平面镜(61)(62),左、右透镜主光轴的距离与人眼左右瞳孔的距离相当,左、右透镜(41)、(42)的主光轴过左平面镜和右平面镜的中点,经左、右平面镜(61)(62)反射后的光线分别与左、右液晶显示屏(51)(52)垂直;左、右液晶屏透镜虚像(81)(82)与左、右液晶屏平面镜虚像(71)(72)的虚像经过左、右透镜镜(41)(42)汇聚到左、右眼,放大重叠后形成3D效果。本发明具有裸眼观看时成像效果好、视角大、制造成本低、可靠性高等优点。
The invention discloses an optical path system for naked-eye 3D imaging, comprising left and right display optical paths (11) (21), and left and right lenses (41) (42) are sequentially arranged on the left and right display optical paths after the left and right eye positions. ), left and right LCD screens (51) (52), left and right plane mirrors (61) (62), the distance between the main optical axes of the left and right lenses is equivalent to the distance between the left and right pupils of the human eye, and the left and right lenses (41) The main optical axis of (42) passes through the midpoint of the left plane mirror and the right plane mirror, and the light reflected by the left and right plane mirrors (61) (62) is perpendicular to the left and right liquid crystal displays (51) (52) respectively; The virtual images of the right LCD lens virtual image (81) (82) and the left and right LCD flat mirror virtual images (71) (72) converge to the left and right eyes through the left and right lens mirrors (41) (42). Create a 3D effect. The invention has the advantages of good imaging effect, large viewing angle, low manufacturing cost and high reliability when viewed with naked eyes.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及立体视觉显示的光路技术领域,尤其涉及一种立体成像方法、观看3D图片和视频的裸眼3D显示光路系统。The invention relates to the technical field of optical paths for stereoscopic vision display, and in particular, to a stereoscopic imaging method and a naked-eye 3D display optical path system for viewing 3D pictures and videos.
背景技术Background technique
随着科技的不断发展,人们对立体视觉体验的要求越来越高,但是去3D电影院或者购买3D电视,在观看的同时需要佩戴3D眼镜,或者采用头戴式的3D显示设备等方法,这些限制因素为人们体验3D带来了一定的不便,无法满足人们裸眼正常观看3D视频的要求。如何舍弃3D眼镜和其他一些辅助设备的负担来观看3D视频成为我们工作的主要目的。With the continuous development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for stereo vision experience. However, when going to a 3D cinema or buying a 3D TV, you need to wear 3D glasses while watching, or use a head-mounted 3D display device and other methods. The limiting factor brings certain inconvenience to people's experience of 3D, and cannot meet the requirement of people to normally watch 3D video with naked eyes. How to abandon the burden of 3D glasses and some other auxiliary equipment to watch 3D video becomes the main purpose of our work.
人眼视觉系统采用单眼感知时,可以感知二维世界,而采用双眼感知时,可以利用视差感知立体世界。立体视觉显示的方法是利用人眼成像的原理来制造视差,因为人的两眼有65毫米左右的间距,看到同一物体不同角度的两幅图像,经人大脑合成产生立体视觉感。用两台距离为人眼距离的微型摄像头并排来模拟人眼,同时拍下图像或视频后让人眼观看到不同的效果,可以产生立体视觉。在此基础上,可以发展出很多的3D显示技术。对于裸眼观看3D视频来说,观看者不需要凭感觉调整视线才能获得立体感,因此也适合用于低年龄段的用户。相较于头戴式的3D显示设备,裸眼观看能够减轻头部负担,并且出瞳距离较大,可以使观看者更加轻松。When the human visual system adopts monocular perception, it can perceive the two-dimensional world, and when it adopts binocular perception, it can perceive the three-dimensional world by using parallax. The method of stereo vision display is to use the principle of human eye imaging to create parallax, because human eyes have a distance of about 65 mm, and they see two images of the same object from different angles, which are synthesized by the human brain to produce a sense of stereo vision. The human eye is simulated by two miniature cameras with a distance of the human eye distance, and the human eye can see different effects after taking an image or video at the same time, which can produce stereoscopic vision. On this basis, many 3D display technologies can be developed. For naked-eye viewing of 3D video, the viewer does not need to adjust the sight line by feeling to obtain a three-dimensional effect, so it is also suitable for users of younger age groups. Compared with head-mounted 3D display devices, naked-eye viewing can reduce the burden on the head, and the exit pupil distance is larger, which can make it easier for the viewer.
申请号为CN108181707A、名称《一种3D成像方法、视觉光路系统以及头戴式显示设备》的中国专利,含1、第一屏幕;2、第二屏幕;3、左快门式镜片;4、右快门式镜片;5、光学镜片;6、半透半反镜片,其特征在于,控制第一屏幕1和第二屏幕2交替放映影像,使左快门式镜片和右快门式镜片之间的切换频率与第一屏幕和第二屏幕放映影像的交替频率保持一致。The Chinese patent with the application number CN108181707A, titled "A 3D Imaging Method, Visual Optical Path System and Head Mounted Display Device", includes 1. the first screen; 2. the second screen; 3. the left shutter lens; 4. the right Shutter lens; 5. Optical lens; 6. Transflective lens, characterized in that the first screen 1 and the second screen 2 are controlled to alternately display images, so that the switching frequency between the left shutter lens and the right shutter lens Be consistent with the alternating frequency of the images shown on the first screen and the second screen.
其存在的不足之处:控制系统复杂,并且成像的清晰度不能保证,以及加重了人体头部的承重,长时间观看可能疲劳或者眩晕。Its shortcomings: the control system is complicated, and the clarity of the imaging cannot be guaranteed, and the weight of the human head is increased, which may cause fatigue or dizziness when viewing for a long time.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明旨在提出一种裸眼3D成像的光路系统,在左、右眼光路上实现透镜和平面反射镜、液晶显示屏实现了裸眼3D系统。The present invention aims to provide an optical path system for naked eye 3D imaging, which realizes the naked eye 3D system by realizing a lens and a plane mirror on the optical paths of the left and right eyes, and a liquid crystal display screen.
本发明的一种裸眼3D成像的光路系统,该光路系统包括左、右显示光路11、21,左、右显示光路上在左、右眼位置31、32之后依次设有左、右透镜41、42、左、右液晶屏51、52、左、右平面镜61、62,左、右透镜主光轴的距离与人眼左右瞳孔的距离相当,左、右透镜41、42的主光轴过左、右平面镜61、62的中点,经左、右平面镜61、62反射后的光线分别与左、右液晶显示屏51、52垂直;其中:An optical path system for naked-eye 3D imaging of the present invention includes left and right display
经过左、右透镜41、42的光,在左、右液晶显示屏51、52显示出左、右液晶屏透镜虚像81、82;The light passing through the left and
经过左、右平面镜61、62的光,在左、右液晶显示屏51、52显示出左、右液晶屏平面镜虚像71、72的虚像,The light passing through the left and right plane mirrors 61 and 62 displays the virtual images of the left and right liquid crystal screen plane mirrors 71 and 72 on the left and right liquid
左、右液晶屏透镜虚像81、82与左、右液晶屏平面镜虚像71、72的虚像经过左、右透镜镜41、42汇聚到左、右眼,放大重叠后在人脑中形成3D效果。The virtual images of the left and right LCD lens
透镜的入光面视场角θ1为16°~24°,透镜的出光面视场角θ2为45°~53°,透镜的出瞳距离D为55毫米~65毫米,透镜的焦距f为110毫米~140毫米,The field angle θ1 of the incident surface of the lens is 16°~ 24 °, the field angle θ2 of the light exit surface of the lens is 45°~53°, the exit pupil distance D of the lens is 55mm~65mm, and the focal length of the lens is f is 110 mm to 140 mm,
所述透镜至平面镜光轴交点的距离L1、平面镜光轴交点至显示屏中点的距离L2满足下列关系式:0.5<L1/L2<1。The distance L 1 from the lens to the intersection of the optical axes of the plane mirror and the distance L 2 from the intersection of the optical axes of the plane mirror to the midpoint of the display screen satisfy the following relationship: 0.5<L 1 /L 2 <1.
所述透镜和显示屏的距离,表达式如下:The distance between the lens and the display screen is expressed as follows:
其中,L4为显示屏的长,L3为透镜的长。Among them, L 4 is the length of the display screen, and L 3 is the length of the lens.
本发明有益效果及优点在于:The beneficial effects and advantages of the present invention are:
本发明的裸眼3D成像的光路系统,在观看时头部可上下左右移动观看,且具有裸眼观看时成像效果好、视角大、适用人群多、制造成本低、可靠性高等优点。The optical path system for naked-eye 3D imaging of the present invention can move the head up, down, left and right when viewing, and has the advantages of good imaging effect, large viewing angle, many applicable people, low manufacturing cost and high reliability when viewing with naked eyes.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的裸眼3D成像的光路系统的光路示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an optical path system for naked-eye 3D imaging of the present invention;
图2为本发明的裸眼3D成像的光路系统实施例图。FIG. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of an optical path system for naked-eye 3D imaging according to the present invention.
附图标记:Reference number:
11、21、左显示光路、右显示光路,21、22、左、右焦点,31、32、左、右眼位置,41、42、左、右透镜,51、52、左、右液晶屏,61、62、左、右平面镜,71、72、左、右液晶屏平面虚像,81、82、左、右液晶屏透镜虚像。11, 21, left display light path, right display light path, 21, 22, left and right focus, 31, 32, left and right eye positions, 41, 42, left and right lens, 51, 52, left and right LCD screen, 61, 62, left and right plane mirrors, 71, 72, left and right LCD screen plane virtual images, 81, 82, left and right LCD screen lens virtual images.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明技术方案进行详细描述。The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示的裸眼3D成像的光路系统,包括左、右显示光路11、21,左、右显示光路上依次设有左、右透镜41、42、左、右液晶屏51、52、左、右平面镜61、62。其中,左、右透镜、平面镜、显示屏的参数相同。左、右透镜41、42的入光面视场角θ1为16°~24°,出光面视场角θ2为45°~53°,出瞳距离D为55毫米~65毫米,焦距f为110毫米~140毫米,透镜长为L3,透镜的宽为W3,显示屏的长为L4,显示屏的宽为W4,透镜和显示屏的距离透镜至平面反光镜光轴交点的距离为L1,平面反光镜光轴交点至显示屏中点的距离为L2,且满足下列关系式:0.5<L1/L2<1,左、右显示光路中心距L5为60毫米~70毫米,首选为65毫米,透镜的长为L3不大于左、右系统中心距L5,透镜长为L3,首选65毫米,透镜的宽为W3首选40毫米,透镜的出瞳距离D首选为65毫米,透镜的焦距f首选130毫米,透镜与显示屏垂直设置,平面反光镜设为等腰梯形,显示屏为5英寸的LCD液晶显示屏。The optical path system for naked eye 3D imaging as shown in Fig. 1 includes left and right display
为了更好的实现效果,所述透镜的长L3首选65毫米,所述透镜的宽W3首选40毫米,左、右显示光路中心距L5首选为65毫米,透镜的出瞳距离d首选为65毫米,焦距f首选130毫米。所述平面反光镜设为等腰梯形,且厚度为3mm。所述显示屏为5寸1080*1920的LCD液晶显示屏。In order to achieve better effect, the preferred length L 3 of the lens is 65 mm, the width W 3 of the lens is preferred to be 40 mm, the center distance L 5 of the left and right display optical paths is preferred to be 65 mm, and the exit pupil distance d of the lens is preferred 65mm, the focal length f is 130mm preferred. The flat reflector is set as an isosceles trapezoid and has a thickness of 3mm. The display screen is a 5-inch 1080*1920 LCD liquid crystal display screen.
用户可以从透镜观看到显示屏播放的3D图片或视频,且此光路对用户的限制很小,为了更好的成像效果,尽量按照所述的尺寸要求,但是也可以依据所述的限制条件修改。The user can watch the 3D picture or video played on the display screen from the lens, and this optical path has very little restriction on the user. For better imaging effect, try to follow the stated size requirements, but it can also be modified according to the stated constraints. .
综上所述,通过本发明所提供的技术方案,通过本发明所提供的方案,人体头部无需佩戴或接触3D眼镜即可以裸眼观看,且观看时头部可上下左右移动观看,不影响观感。To sum up, through the technical solutions provided by the present invention, the human head can be viewed with the naked eye without wearing or contacting 3D glasses, and the head can be moved up, down, left, and right for viewing without affecting the look and feel .
由上述对本发明的描述可知,采用的技术方案中,左、右显示光路依次设有透镜、平面镜和显示屏,显示光路为独立平行的两种光路,封装成独立的内部结构后,可以裸眼观看;通过左右平面镜,左右液晶显示屏显示的虚像经过左右透镜汇聚到左右眼,放大重叠后可以在人脑中形成3D效果;所述透镜的入光面视场角θ1为16°~24°,所述透镜的出光面视场角θ2为45°~53°,使得观看视场角大,不必固定人眼位置,可以舒适地观影;所述透镜的出瞳距离D为55~65毫米,所述透镜的焦距f为110~140毫米;所述透镜的长为L3,所述透镜的宽为W3,所述显示屏的长为L4,所述显示屏的宽为W4,所述透镜和显示屏的距离所述透镜至平面镜光轴交点的距离为L1,所述平面镜光轴交点至显示屏中点的距离为L2,且满足下列关系式:0.5<L1/L2<1,所以在此范围内,用户观看时头部可以左右偏移,其偏移范围的像差在人眼容忍度内,长出瞳距离使得观看时头部可上下左右移动观看。It can be seen from the above description of the present invention that in the adopted technical solution, the left and right display light paths are sequentially provided with a lens, a plane mirror and a display screen, and the display light paths are two independent and parallel light paths, which can be viewed with the naked eye after being packaged into an independent internal structure. ;Through the left and right plane mirrors, the virtual images displayed on the left and right liquid crystal display screens are gathered to the left and right eyes through the left and right lenses, and can form a 3D effect in the human brain after magnification and overlap; , the field angle θ2 of the light - emitting surface of the lens is 45°~53°, which makes the viewing field angle large, and the position of the human eye does not need to be fixed, and you can watch the movie comfortably; the exit pupil distance D of the lens is 55~65° mm, the focal length f of the lens is 110-140 mm; the length of the lens is L 3 , the width of the lens is W 3 , the length of the display screen is L 4 , and the width of the display screen is W 4 , the distance between the lens and the display The distance from the lens to the intersection of the optical axes of the plane mirror is L 1 , and the distance from the intersection of the optical axes of the plane mirror to the midpoint of the display screen is L 2 , and the following relationship is satisfied: 0.5<L 1 /L 2 <1, so here Within the range, the user's head can be shifted left and right when viewing, and the aberration of the offset range is within the tolerance of the human eye. The long exit pupil distance enables the head to move up, down, left and right when viewing.
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型,因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can also make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
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