CN110702775B - Device and method for testing influence of atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on electrode ablation - Google Patents
Device and method for testing influence of atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on electrode ablation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a device and a method for testing influence of atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on electrode ablation. The testing device and the testing method convert the actual working condition clearance type electrode discharge mode into the controllable discharge output simulation of the program-controlled power supply. The discharge output of the program-controlled power supply is realized by programming of an industrial personal computer. For the working condition of the rotating arc root, the gap discharge mode that the specific point on the electrode material sample is quickly swept by the arc can be converted into the gap discharge in the form of the pulse output of the programmable power supply, the gap discharge of the arcs with different electrode inner diameters to the specific point of the electrode at different rotating speeds can be accurately simulated, and the size of the electrode material required by the test is greatly reduced. In addition, the device and the method can accurately control parameters such as current, voltage, heating duration and the like among the electric arcs, realize arc spot ablation morphology testing of different currents and different electric arc lengths, and can more accurately simulate the influence of the gap type discharge on electrode material ablation.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of atmospheric plasma discharge, in particular to a device and a method for testing influence of atmospheric plasma gap discharge on electrode ablation.
Background
The electrode material is used as a plasma emission unit and has a large number of applications in industry and military, and in many cases, the electrode material is in clearance discharge operation, such as the clearance type ignition of an industrial plasma torch, the clearance type plasma propulsion of a spacecraft and the high-speed rotation of an arc root in an arc heater with high supersonic speed thermal protection to a specific point of an electrode.
The traditional testing device and method for the influence of atmospheric plasma gap discharge on electrode ablation move the arc root on the surface of an electrode at high speed through a magnetic field or airflow. The traditional testing device and method are difficult to control the rotating speed of the arc root and cannot accurately simulate the time interval of gap discharge, so that the simulated ablation effect of the gap discharge on the electrode material is different from the ablation effect of the gap discharge on the electrode material in the actual working condition, and the influence of the gap discharge on the ablation of the electrode material cannot be accurately simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a testing apparatus and method capable of accurately simulating the influence of the intermittent discharge on the ablation of the electrode material, aiming at the problem that the conventional testing apparatus and method for the influence of the intermittent discharge on the ablation of the electrode cannot accurately simulate the influence of the intermittent discharge on the electrode material.
The application provides a testing arrangement of atmospheric plasma intermittent type formula discharge to electrode ablation influence includes centralized control ware, programmable logic controller, program control formula power, data collection station, positive pole conducting rod, sample clamp and negative pole conducting rod. The programmable logic controller is connected with the centralized controller. And controlling the programmable logic controller through the centralized controller. The programmable power supply is connected with the programmable logic controller. And controlling the programmable power supply through the programmable logic controller. And the data acquisition unit is connected with the centralized controller. And controlling the data acquisition unit to acquire data through the centralized controller. The anode conducting rod is connected with the positive electrode of the programmable power supply. And the anode conducting rod is provided with an anode. The sample holder is used for placing an electrode material sample. The cathode conducting rod is fixedly connected with the sample clamp. The cathode conducting rod is connected with the negative electrode of the programmable power supply. An arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample. The data collector is connected with the program-controlled power supply and is used for collecting voltage signals between the anode conducting rod and the cathode conducting rod. The data acquisition unit is connected with the program-controlled power supply and is used for acquiring current signals of a loop formed among the program-controlled power supply, the anode conducting rod, the anode, the cathode conducting rod and the electrode material sample.
In one embodiment, the anode conducting rod is provided with an opening near one end of the sample clamp. The opening is used for placing an anode. The anode is connected with the anode conducting rod, and the anode conducting rod is connected with the positive pole of the programmable power supply.
In one embodiment, the testing device for the influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation further comprises an insulating plate. The anode conducting rod is placed on the insulating plate. The sample clamp is placed on the insulating plate. The cathode conductive rod is placed on the insulating plate.
In one embodiment, the anode conductive rod and the insulating plate are connected by an anode universal head. The cathode conducting rod is connected with the insulating plate through a cathode universal head.
In one embodiment, the sample holder is threadably removably attached to the cathode conducting rod.
In one embodiment, a method for testing the impact of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation includes:
presetting a first current value, a second current value, the arc root rotating speed of an electric arc, the number of arc root rotating circles of the electric arc and the arc spot diameter of the electric arc, and obtaining first heating time and second heating time according to the arc root rotating speed and the arc spot diameter;
providing an electrode material sample and an anode;
connecting a program-controlled power supply, an anode conducting rod, the anode, a cathode conducting rod and the electrode material sample to form a loop;
the integrated controller triggers the data acquisition unit and the programmable logic controller to operate;
the data collector collects current signals of loops formed among the programmable power supply, the anode conducting rod, the anode, the cathode conducting rod and the electrode material sample, and the data collector collects voltage signals between the anode conducting rod and the cathode conducting rod;
according to the first current value and the first heating time, the programmable logic controller controls the working current of the programmable power supply in the first heating time to be the first current value, and obtains the arc spot morphology of the corresponding electric arc;
according to the second current value and the second heating time, the programmable logic controller controls the working current of the programmable power supply in the second heating time to be the second current value, and obtains the arc spot morphology of the corresponding electric arc;
according to the number of the arc root rotating circles, the programmable logic controller controls the switching times between the first heating time and the second heating time of the programmable power supply;
and obtaining the ablation state of the electrode material sample according to the arc spot shape of the electric arc.
In one embodiment, in the step of presetting a first current value, a second current value, the arc root rotating speed of the electric arc, the number of turns of the arc root of the electric arc and the diameter of an arc spot of the electric arc, and obtaining a first heating time and a second heating time according to the arc root rotating speed and the diameter of the arc spot, the first heating time t is1D/v; the second heating time t2＝(2πR/v)-t1；
Wherein d is the diameter of the arc spot, v is the rotation speed of the arc root, and R is the radius of the electrode under the working condition to be simulated.
In one embodiment, the programmable logic controller controls the programmable power supply through a MOS transistor output mode.
In one embodiment, the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample are ground flat and polished, and the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample are arranged in parallel.
In one embodiment, the programmable power supply controls the pulsed output of current through an insulated gate bipolar transistor.
The application provides a device and a method for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on electrode ablation. And the programmable logic controller is connected with the centralized controller in an RS232 data transmission mode or an RS485 data transmission mode. And then, the integrated controller is used for carrying out PLC programming control. The output end of the programmable logic controller is connected with the program-controlled power supply communication end to realize power supply output control. The programmable power supply, the programmable logic controller, the data collector and the centralized controller are connected through cables and data lines. And grinding and polishing the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample, and arranging the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample in parallel with a fixed spacing distance.
In practical operation, the current value changes continuously as the arc root moves at high speed on the surface of the electrode. The current values and the duration of each current value can be extracted according to the change of the current values in the actual working condition. According to the change condition of the actual current value, the device for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can simulate the change of the gap discharge on the electrode in the actual working condition by adjusting the current value and the duration corresponding to the current value, so that the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can be known. And controlling the programmable logic controller by the integrated controller according to different current values and duration of each current value, and further controlling the programmable power supply to work, so that the arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample. At the moment, parameters such as current, voltage, heating duration and the like among the electric arcs can be controlled through the integrated controller, and then the actual working condition can be simulated more accurately.
Therefore, the testing device for the influence of the atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on the electrode ablation converts the intermittent electrode discharge mode under the actual working condition into the controllable discharge output simulation of the programmable power supply. The discharge output of the program-controlled power supply is realized by programming of an industrial personal computer. For the working condition of the rotating arc root, the gap discharge mode that the arc rapidly sweeps specific points on the electrode material sample can be converted into the gap discharge in the form of the pulse output of the programmable power supply. The testing device for the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can accurately simulate the gap discharge of arcs with different electrode inner diameters to specific points of the electrode at different rotating speeds, and greatly reduces the size of electrode materials required by tests. In addition, the device for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can accurately control parameters such as current, voltage, heating duration and the like among the electric arcs, realize the arc spot ablation morphology test of different currents and different electric arc lengths, and can more accurately simulate the influence of the gap discharge on the electrode material ablation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a device for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation provided by the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure between a sample of electrode material, a sample holder, and an opening provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse curve of the output current of the programmable power supply as a function of time during a discharge of a simulated rotating arc root current at a reference point gap as provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of arc spot ablation profiles at different currents in one embodiment provided by the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
The testing device 100 for the influence of atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on electrode ablation, the centralized controller 10, the programmable logic controller 20, the programmable power supply 30, the data acquisition unit 40, the anode conducting rod 510, the sample clamp 520, the cathode conducting rod 530, the opening 511, the insulating plate 60, the anode universal head 610 and the cathode universal head 620.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below by way of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present application.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a testing apparatus 100 for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation, which includes a centralized controller 10, a programmable logic controller 20, a programmable power supply 30, a data collector 40, an anode conductive rod 510, a sample holder 520, and a cathode conductive rod 530. The programmable logic controller 20 is connected to the centralized controller 10. The programmable logic controller 20 is controlled by the centralized controller 10. The programmable power supply 30 is connected to the programmable logic controller 20. The programmable power supply 30 is controlled by the programmable logic controller 20. The data collector 40 is connected with the centralized controller 10. The data collector 30 is controlled by the centralized controller 10 to collect data. The anode conductive rod 510 is connected to the positive electrode of the programmable power supply 30. And the anode conductive rod 510 is provided with an anode. The sample holder 520 is used to place a sample of electrode material.
The cathode conductive rod 530 is fixedly connected to the sample holder 520. The cathode conductive rod 530 is connected to the negative electrode of the programmable power supply 30. An arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample. The data collector 40 is connected to the programmable power supply 30, and is configured to collect a voltage signal between the anode conductive rod 510 and the cathode conductive rod 530. The data collector 40 is connected to the programmable power supply 30 and is configured to collect current signals of a loop formed among the programmable power supply 30, the anode conductive rod 510, the anode, the cathode conductive rod 530, and the electrode material sample.
The centralized controller 10 is an industrial personal computer, has important computer attributes and features, and is used for controlling the data collector 40 and the programmable logic controller 20. The Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) 20 may perform Logic operations, sequence control, timing, counting, arithmetic operations, etc., and control various types of machinery or manufacturing processes through digital or analog input/output. The data collector 80 is used for collecting voltage and current data, and can store or transmit the data to the centralized controller 10 externally. The program-controlled power supply 30 is a dc regulated power supply, and an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is used to control the pulse output of the current, and the arc starting mode is high-frequency arc starting.
The programmable logic controller 20 is connected to the centralized controller 10 through an RS232 data transmission mode or an RS485 data transmission mode. Further, the integrated controller 10 performs PLC program control. The output end of the programmable logic controller 20 is connected with the communication end of the programmable power supply 30 to realize power supply output control. The programmable power supply 30, the programmable logic controller 20, the data collector 80 and the centralized controller 10 are connected by cables and data lines. And grinding and polishing the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample, and arranging the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample in parallel with a fixed spacing distance.
In practical operation, the current value changes continuously as the arc root moves at high speed on the surface of the electrode. The current values and the duration of each current value can be extracted according to the change of the current values in the actual working condition. According to the actual current value change condition, the testing device 100 for the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can simulate the change of the gap discharge on the electrode in the actual working condition by adjusting the current value and the duration corresponding to the current value, so that the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can be known. The programmable logic controller 20 is controlled by the centralized controller 10 according to different current values and duration of each current value, and the programmable power supply 30 is further controlled to operate, so that the arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample. At this time, the centralized controller 10 may control parameters such as current, voltage, heating duration, etc. between the arcs, so as to more accurately simulate the actual working condition.
Therefore, the testing device 100 for the influence of the atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on the electrode ablation converts the actual working condition intermittent electrode discharge mode into the controllable discharge output simulation of the programmable power supply. The discharge output of the program-controlled power supply is realized by programming of an industrial personal computer. For the working condition of the rotating arc root, the gap discharge mode that the arc rapidly sweeps specific points on the electrode material sample can be converted into the gap discharge in the form of the pulse output of the programmable power supply. The testing device 100 for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can accurately simulate the gap discharge of arcs with different electrode inner diameters to specific points of the electrode at different rotating speeds, and greatly reduces the size of electrode materials required by tests. In addition, the device 100 for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can accurately control parameters such as current, voltage, heating duration and the like among the arcs, realize arc spot ablation morphology testing of different currents and different arc lengths, and can more accurately simulate the influence of the gap discharge on the electrode material ablation.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the anode conductive rod 510 is provided with an opening 511 near one end of the sample holder 520. The opening 511 is used for placing an anode. The anode is connected with the anode conductive rod 510, and the anode conductive rod 510 is connected with the positive pole of the programmable power supply 30.
The anode is placed in the opening 511 through the opening 511, and the end face of the anode is arranged in parallel with the end face of the electrode material sample after being ground and polished. When the testing device 100 for the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation works, the current output by the programmable power supply 30 passes through the anode conductive rod 510 to the anode end.
In one embodiment, the testing apparatus 100 for the impact of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode erosion further comprises an insulating plate 60. The anode conductive rod 510 is placed on the insulating plate 60. The sample holder 520 is placed on the insulating plate 60. The cathode conductive rod 530 is placed on the insulating plate 60.
Wherein the insulating plate 60 serves as an insulator, and the electrode material sample and the anode are placed on the insulating plate 60 through the test specimen holder 520 and the anode conductive rod 510, with the insulating plate 60 as a support.
In one embodiment, the anode conductive rod 510 and the insulating plate 60 are connected by an anode universal head 610. The cathode conductive rod 530 is connected to the insulating plate 60 by a cathode universal head 620.
The anode universal joint 610 and the cathode universal joint 620 are adjusted so that the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample are parallel to each other, and the distance between the two end faces is fixed.
In one embodiment, the sample holder 520 is threadably removably attached to the cathode conducting rod 530 to facilitate removable installation.
In one embodiment, the anode conductive rod 510 and the cathode conductive rod 530 are made of pure copper.
In one embodiment, magnetic rings are used at two ends of the programmable power supply 30, the centralized controller 10 (industrial personal computer), and the input/output cables and data lines of the programmable logic controller 20 to shield high-frequency starting and high-frequency interference signals of electric arcs, so as to prevent the signals from interfering.
In one embodiment, a method for testing the impact of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation includes:
s10, presetting a first current value, a second current value, an arc root rotating speed of an electric arc, the number of turns of the arc root of the electric arc and an arc spot diameter of the electric arc, and obtaining a first heating time and a second heating time according to the arc root rotating speed and the arc spot diameter;
s20, providing an electrode material sample and an anode;
s30, connecting the programmable power supply 30, the anode conductive rod 510, the anode, the cathode conductive rod 530 and the electrode material sample to form a loop;
s40, the centralized controller 10 triggers the data collector 40 and the programmable logic controller 20 to operate;
s50, the data collector 40 collects current signals of the loop formed among the programmable power supply 30, the anode conductive rod 510, the anode, the cathode conductive rod 530 and the electrode material sample, and the data collector 40 collects voltage signals between the anode conductive rod 510 and the cathode conductive rod 530;
s60, according to the first current value and the first heating time, the programmable logic controller 20 controls the working current of the programmable power supply 30 in the first heating time to be the first current value, and obtains the arc spot shape of the corresponding arc;
s70, according to the second current value and the second heating time, the programmable logic controller 20 controls the working current of the programmable power supply 30 in the second heating time to be the second current value, and obtains a corresponding arc spot shape of the arc;
s80, controlling the number of times of switching between the first heating time and the second heating time of the programmable logic controller 20 according to the number of turns of arc root rotation;
and S90, obtaining the ablation state of the electrode material sample according to the arc spot shape of the electric arc.
In the step S10, the first current value, the second current value, the arc root rotation speed, the number of arc root rotations, and the arc spot diameter are set according to the variation of the arc under the actual working condition, so as to more accurately simulate the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode erosion by the method for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode erosion.
Wherein the first heating time t1D/v. At the time of the second heatingTime t2＝(2πR/v)-t1. d is the diameter of the arc spot, v is the rotation speed of the arc root, and R is the radius of the electrode under the working condition to be simulated.
In the step S30, the anode is disposed on the anode conductive rod 510. The electrode material sample is disposed on the cathode conductive rod 530. The positive pole of the programmable power supply 30 is connected with the anode conductive rod 510. The negative pole of the programmable power supply 30 is connected with the cathode conductive rod 530. An arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample. The anode is placed at a spaced distance from the electrode material sample. And the end face of the electrode material sample and the end face of the anode are ground flat and polished, so that the anode and the electrode material sample are arranged in parallel. And connecting the power supplies of the programmable power supply 30, the programmable logic controller 20, the data collector 40 and the centralized controller 10. When the power is turned on, the arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample.
In step S50, the data collector 40 collects current signals of loops formed among the programmable power supply 30, the anode conductive rod 510, the anode, the cathode conductive rod 530 and the electrode material sample, that is, the data collector 40 collects current signals of the arc. The data collector 40 collects a voltage signal between the anode conductive rod 510 and the cathode conductive rod 530, that is, the data collector 40 collects a voltage signal of the arc. At this time, the current signal and the voltage signal are the output current and the output voltage of the programmable power supply 30. The data acquisition unit 40 acquires the voltage signal and the current signal of the arc, so that the current and voltage change of the arc can be monitored in real time to realize better control.
In steps S60 to S70, the first current value is set in correspondence with the first heating time. The programmable logic controller 20 controls the operating current of the programmable power supply 30 to be the first current value during the first heating time. The second current value is set corresponding to the second heating time. The programmable logic controller 20 controls the operating current of the programmable power supply 30 to be the second current value during the second heating time. And sequentially circulating according to the steps S60-S70.
In the step S80, the number of arc root rotations is the number of cycles of the steps S60 to S70.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an output curve of the programmable power supply 30 set by the centralized controller 10. Wherein the number of pulses in the curve in fig. 3 is the number of arc root revolutions of the arc.
In the step S90, the ablation state of the electrode material sample can be known according to the corresponding arc spot profile obtained in each heating time period.
Specifically, the centralized controller 10 (industrial personal computer) may be programmed according to a specific intermittent discharge operating condition parameter that needs to be simulated, so as to control the operation of the programmable logic controller 20. For example, when the contact switch is simulated to be intermittently opened and closed, the programmable logic controller 20 is controlled by the integrated controller 10 (industrial personal computer), the programmable logic controller 20 controls the programmable power supply 30 to output a voltage control type, and the opening and closing time and voltage are consistent with the contact switch intermittent opening and closing working condition. When the rotating arc root intermittent discharge is simulated, the programmable logic controller 20 is controlled by the integrated controller 10 (industrial personal computer), the programmable logic controller 20 controls the programmable power supply 30 to output a direct current control type, the opening and closing time is consistent with the arc rotating working condition, and the opening and closing cycle number is consistent with the arc root rotating circle number. Wherein the on-time is the first heating time and the second heating time. The first heating time and the second heating time are one cycle, that is, one pulse number. The number of opening and closing cycles is the number of pulses in the curve.
Therefore, the method for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma gap discharge on the electrode ablation can realize controllable current and voltage output, has quick response capability and can meet the simulation of the gap arc discharge working condition. For the working condition of the rotating arc root, the gap discharge mode that a certain reference point on the arc counter electrode sweeps quickly can be converted into the gap discharge in the form of the pulse output of the programmable power supply. Therefore, by controlling the pulse output parameters (current, voltage, heating time, etc.) of the programmable power supply 30, the gap discharge of the inner diameter arcs of different electrode material samples to a certain reference point of the electrode at different rotating speeds can be accurately simulated, and the size of the electrode material sample required by the test is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the method for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on the electrode ablation enables intermittent discharge simulation to be more convenient and faster, and arc spot ablation morphology testing of different currents and different arc lengths can be realized.
In one embodiment, the programmable logic controller 20 controls the programmable power supply 30 in the MOS output mode, the response time may be less than 5 μ s, the test time of the test apparatus 100 for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on the electrode ablation is shortened, and the influence of the interstitial discharge on the electrode material ablation can be conveniently and rapidly simulated.
Referring to fig. 3-4, in one embodiment, the programmable power supply 30, the data collector 40, the centralized controller 10 (industrial personal computer), and the programmable logic controller 20 are powered on. The integrated controller 10 (industrial personal computer) is used for programming according to the intermittent discharge working condition simulated by specific requirements, and then the program-controlled power supply 30 is controlled to operate. The programming function is to set the programmable power supply 30 to output different currents for different discharge time periods, i.e. the first current value, the second current value, the first heating time period, and the second heating time period. The electrode material sample was pure copper.
Taking the simulation of the rotating arc root gap type discharge as an example, according to the working condition of the rotating arc root gap type discharge, the radius of the electrode under the working condition to be simulated is R, the rotating speed v of the arc root is and the diameter of the arc spot is d. The arc rotates once to continuously heat a certain reference point for a first heating time t1D/v. Second heating time t of electric arc twice heating certain reference point for continuous heating2＝(2πR/v)-t1. At this time, the program control type is set by the integrated controller 10 (industrial personal computer)The output curve of the power supply 30 is shown in fig. 3. Wherein, the number of pulses in the output curve is the number of arc root rotation turns. The programmable power supply 30 is provided as a dc controlled type.
By adjusting the anode universal head 510 and the cathode universal head 530, the polished end face of the electrode material sample and the polished end face of the anode are parallel, and the distance between the two end faces is fixed. And triggering the data acquisition unit 40 to start acquiring current and voltage data through the integrated controller 10 (industrial personal computer). Subsequently, the programmable logic controller 20 runs the programming program of the centralized controller 10 (industrial personal computer) to discharge. After the end, the centralized controller 10 (industrial personal computer) controls the data collector 40 to stop running and store data. And finally, taking down the electrode material sample and storing the electrode material sample for subsequent microscopic analysis and weighing, and turning off the power supplies of all the devices.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows the arc spot shapes after the discharge test, which are respectively arc spot shapes under scales of 0.5mm and 1 mm. The shape of the arc spot can be seen in fig. 4, as can the arc spot size and ablation at different currents 15A, 20A, 40A, 60A, 100A, 160A.
Therefore, the device and the method for testing the influence of the atmospheric plasma intermittent discharge on the electrode ablation can simulate the working condition of the arc root of the rotating arc, and the intermittent discharge mode that the arc quickly sweeps a certain reference point on the electrode material sample can be converted into intermittent discharge in a programmable power supply pulse output mode. The arc spot ablation shape test with different currents and different arc lengths can be simulated by the testing device and the method.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A testing device for testing influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation is characterized by comprising:
a centralized controller (10);
the programmable logic controller (20) is connected with the centralized controller (10);
controlling the programmable logic controller (20) by the centralized controller (10);
the programmable power supply (30) is connected with the programmable logic controller (20), and the programmable power supply (30) is controlled by the programmable logic controller (20);
the data collector (40) is connected with the integrated controller (10), and the data collector (40) is controlled to collect data through the integrated controller (10);
the anode conducting rod (510) is connected with the positive electrode of the programmable power supply (30), and the anode conducting rod (510) is provided with an anode;
a sample holder (520) for holding a sample of electrode material;
the cathode conducting rod (530) is fixedly connected with the sample clamp (520), the cathode conducting rod (530) is connected with the negative electrode of the programmable power supply (30), and an electric arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample;
the data collector (40) is connected with the program-controlled power supply (30) and is used for collecting voltage signals between the anode conducting rod (510) and the cathode conducting rod (530);
the data acquisition unit (40) is connected with the programmable power supply (30) and is used for acquiring current signals of a loop formed among the programmable power supply (30), the anode conducting rod (510), the anode, the cathode conducting rod (530) and the electrode material sample;
presetting a first current value, a second current value, the arc root rotating speed of an electric arc, the number of turns of the arc root of the electric arc and the arc spot diameter of the electric arc, and obtaining first heating time and second heating time according to the arc root rotating speed and the arc spot diameter;
connecting the programmable power supply (30), the anode conductive rod (510), the anode, the cathode conductive rod (530), and the electrode material sample to form a circuit;
the centralized controller (10) triggers the data collector (40) and the programmable logic controller (20) to operate;
the data collector (40) collects current signals of a loop formed among the programmable power supply (30), the anode conducting rod (510), the anode, the cathode conducting rod (530) and the electrode material sample, and the data collector (40) collects voltage signals between the anode conducting rod (510) and the cathode conducting rod (530);
according to the first current value and the first heating time, the programmable logic controller (20) controls the working current of the programmable power supply (30) in the first heating time to be the first current value, and obtains the arc spot morphology of the corresponding electric arc;
according to the second current value and the second heating time, the programmable logic controller (20) controls the working current of the programmable power supply (30) in the second heating time to be the second current value, and obtains the arc spot morphology of the corresponding electric arc;
the programmable logic controller (20) controls the number of switching times between the first heating time and the second heating time of the programmable power supply (30) according to the number of arc root rotations;
and obtaining the ablation state of the electrode material sample according to the arc spot shape of the electric arc.
2. The apparatus for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma gap discharge on electrode ablation according to claim 1, wherein an opening (511) is formed in one end, close to the sample holder (520), of the anode conductive rod (510), the opening (511) is used for placing an anode, the anode is connected with the anode conductive rod (510), and the anode conductive rod (510) is connected with the positive electrode of the programmable power supply (30).
3. The apparatus for testing the effect of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation according to claim 1, further comprising:
an insulating plate (60), the anode conductive rod (510) being disposed on the insulating plate (60), the sample holder (520) being disposed on the insulating plate (60), and the cathode conductive rod (530) being disposed on the insulating plate (60).
4. The apparatus for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma gap discharge on electrode erosion as set forth in claim 3, wherein said anode conductive rod (510) is connected to said insulating plate (60) by an anode universal head (610), and said cathode conductive rod (530) is connected to said insulating plate (60) by a cathode universal head (620).
5. The apparatus for testing the effect of atmospheric plasma gap discharge on electrode erosion as recited in claim 1, wherein said specimen holder (520) is threadably removably connected to said cathode conductive rod (530).
6. A method for testing influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
presetting a first current value, a second current value, the arc root rotating speed of an electric arc, the number of turns of the arc root of the electric arc and the arc spot diameter of the electric arc, and obtaining first heating time and second heating time according to the arc root rotating speed and the arc spot diameter;
providing an electrode material sample and an anode;
connecting a programmable power supply (30), an anode conductive rod (510), the anode, a cathode conductive rod (530), and the electrode material sample to form a loop;
the integrated controller (10) triggers the data collector (40) and the programmable logic controller (20) to operate;
the data collector (40) collects current signals of a loop formed among the programmable power supply (30), the anode conducting rod (510), the anode, the cathode conducting rod (530) and the electrode material sample, and the data collector (40) collects voltage signals between the anode conducting rod (510) and the cathode conducting rod (530);
according to the first current value and the first heating time, the programmable logic controller (20) controls the working current of the programmable power supply (30) in the first heating time to be the first current value, and obtains the arc spot morphology of the corresponding electric arc;
according to the second current value and the second heating time, the programmable logic controller (20) controls the working current of the programmable power supply (30) in the second heating time to be the second current value, and obtains the arc spot morphology of the corresponding electric arc;
the programmable logic controller (20) controls the number of switching times between the first heating time and the second heating time of the programmable power supply (30) according to the number of arc root rotations;
and obtaining the ablation state of the electrode material sample according to the arc spot shape of the electric arc.
7. The method for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma gap discharge on electrode ablation according to claim 6, wherein in the step of presetting a first current value, a second current value, the arc root rotation speed of the arc, the number of turns of the arc root and the arc spot diameter of the arc, and obtaining a first heating time and a second heating time according to the arc root rotation speed and the arc spot diameter,
the first heating timet 1=d/vThe second heating timet 2=（2πR/v）-t 1；
Wherein,dthe diameter of the arc spot is the diameter of the arc spot,vand R is the radius of the electrode under the working condition to be simulated.
8. The method for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation according to claim 6, wherein the programmable logic controller (20) controls the programmable power supply (30) through a MOS tube output mode.
9. The method for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation according to claim 6, wherein a loop is formed among the programmable power supply (30), an anode conductive rod (510), the anode, the cathode conductive rod (530), and the electrode material sample, the anode is disposed on the anode conductive rod (510), the electrode material sample is disposed on the cathode conductive rod (530), the positive pole of the programmable power supply (30) is connected with the anode conductive rod (510), the negative pole of the programmable power supply (30) is connected with the cathode conductive rod (530), an electric arc is formed between the anode and the electrode material sample, the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample are ground and polished, and the end face of the anode and the end face of the electrode material sample are disposed in parallel.
10. The method for testing the influence of atmospheric plasma interstitial discharge on electrode ablation according to claim 6, wherein the programmable power supply (30) controls the pulse output of current through an insulated gate bipolar transistor.
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| CN111426718A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-17 | 浙江大学 | Magnetic rotating arc ablation test system based on flat plate electrode |
| CN111307861B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-04-06 | 浙江大学 | Arc ablation test system based on cathode rotation |
| CN111308011A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江大学 | Method for quantitatively evaluating ablation resistance of material |
| CN111398358B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2023-04-07 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating burning loss performance of tungsten electrode |
| CN115656265B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-08-25 | 山东省产品质量检验研究院 | Arc protection integrated test system for arc-proof fabric and control method thereof |
| CN116223348A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-06-06 | 遨天科技(北京)有限公司 | Material electric erosion resistance and sputtering resistance detection device and detection method |
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