CN110702519A - Adapter for testing compressive strength of refractory ball and test method - Google Patents
Adapter for testing compressive strength of refractory ball and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110702519A CN110702519A CN201911011340.3A CN201911011340A CN110702519A CN 110702519 A CN110702519 A CN 110702519A CN 201911011340 A CN201911011340 A CN 201911011340A CN 110702519 A CN110702519 A CN 110702519A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0276—Spherical specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an adapter for a refractory ball compressive strength test and a test method, wherein the adapter comprises a rigid frame, a lower supporting seat, an upper pressure plate and a pressure transmission rod; the lower supporting seat is positioned at the lower end of the rigid frame, the bottom of the lower supporting seat is a regular triangle flat plate, three 1/6 hemispheres with the same diameter are opposite in spherical surface, and the three hemispheres are fixed on the upper surface of the flat plate; the lower end of the upper pressure plate has the same structure as the ball body of the lower support seat and is placed oppositely, and the upper end of the upper pressure plate is a spherical seat and is matched with the bowl-shaped structure at the lower end of the pressure transmission rod; the upper pressure plate is hung on the rigid frame; the upper end of the pressure transmission rod is a plane; during testing, the fire-resistant ball is placed on the lower supporting seat, the compression testing machine is started, the ball body of the upper pressing plate is made to contact with the fire-resistant ball, the compression is continued until the fire-resistant ball is broken, and the pressure value of the compression testing machine is the compression strength value of the fire-resistant ball. The invention adopts a special adapter to simulate the closest packing state of the refractory ball, which is consistent with the state of the refractory ball in actual use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials, in particular to an adapter for a refractory ball compressive strength test and a test method.
Background
The refractory ball is a heat storage material for a heat storage chamber of the hot blast stove, has large specific surface area, strong heat storage capacity, high heat efficiency and obvious energy-saving effect, and can obviously improve the temperature of hot blast; the construction is simple and convenient, and the advantage of saving working hours is achieved. Therefore, the method is widely applied to the hot blast furnaces for the medium and small blast furnaces. During construction, the fire-resistant balls are directly poured into the heat storage chamber, naturally roll and are mostly in cubic closest packing or hexagonal closest packing, namely, one fire-resistant ball is in contact with six fire-resistant balls around. When the refractory ball is poured, the refractory ball falls from a higher position; when in use, the fire-resistant balls are extruded by the 6 fire-resistant balls around. If the structural strength is poor, the refractory ball is easy to break, and the gap between the refractory balls is blocked, so that the air supply is not smooth; meanwhile, the fragments generated by the breakage of the refractory ball at high temperature are easy to slag, thereby influencing the use effect and the whole service life. Therefore, the structural strength of the refractory ball is an important index, and the structural strength is generally characterized by compressive strength. The measurement of the compressive strength of the refractory ball has practical guiding significance.
At present, the domestic product standard YB/T4232-2010 specifies a method for testing compressive strength, which is carried out by referring to GB/T5072, a refractory ball is directly placed on a pressure tester, and the top of the refractory ball is pressurized until the refractory ball is broken. This is not consistent with the forces applied to the refractory ball in actual use, and therefore the values measured by this method do not guide actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that aiming at the defects of the prior art, the adapter for the compressive strength test of the fire-resistant ball and the test method thereof are provided, which have simple and convenient operation, accurate measurement results and practical guiding significance, can simulate the stress state of the fire-resistant ball in actual use, place the fire-resistant ball in a special sample adapter, and adopt a conventional pressure testing machine to carry out the compressive strength test, thereby more accurately evaluating the mechanical property of the fire-resistant ball.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an adapter for a refractory ball compressive strength test comprises a rigid frame, a lower supporting seat, an upper pressure plate and a pressure transmission rod;
the rigid frame is hollow, and the top end of the rigid frame is provided with an upper sealing plate;
the lower support seat comprises a lower support seat flat plate and three 1/6 hemispheroids, the lower support seat flat plate is in a regular triangle shape, the spherical centers of the three 1/6 hemispheroids are respectively aligned with three vertexes of the lower support seat flat plate and fixed on the upper surface of the lower support seat flat plate in a spherical opposite direction, the two bottom surface radiuses of the 1/6 hemispheroids are respectively along two sides of the lower support seat flat plate, and the three 1/6 hemispheroids are mutually circumscribed; the lower supporting seat flat plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the rigid frame;
the upper pressure plate comprises an upper pressure plate flat plate, three 1/6 hemispheres and a spherical seat, the upper pressure plate flat plate is in a regular triangle shape, the spherical centers of the three 1/6 hemispheres are respectively aligned with three vertexes of the upper pressure plate flat plate and are fixed on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate flat plate in a spherical opposite direction, the radiuses of two bottom surfaces of the 1/6 hemispheres are respectively along two sides of the upper pressure plate flat plate, and the three 1/6 hemispheres are mutually circumscribed; three vertexes of the upper pressure plate are opposite to three vertexes of the lower supporting seat plate, namely three 1/6 hemispheroids on the upper pressure plate and three 1/6 hemispheroids on the lower supporting seat are distributed in an up-and-down symmetrical mode; the spherical seat is arranged on the upper surface of the upper pressure plate flat plate; the upper pressure plate flat plate is suspended and installed on the lower surface of an upper sealing plate of the rigid frame through an elastic piece;
the lower end of the pressure transmission rod is matched with the upper end face of the spherical seat, and the upper end of the pressure transmission rod extends out of the rigid frame so as to be conveniently connected with an external press machine.
In the scheme, the side length of the lower support seat flat plate is equal to that of the upper press plate flat plate and equal to the diameter of the refractory ball for the test; the six 1/6 hemispheres all had radii equal to the radius of the test refractory ball.
In the scheme, the rigid frame is in a regular triangular prism shape, a hole for the pressure transmission rod to pass through is formed in the centroid of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame, and the aperture is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure transmission rod; the bottom end of the rigid frame is provided with a lower sealing plate which is a flat plate, and the lower supporting seat flat plate is fixedly arranged on the lower sealing plate.
In the scheme, the three side surfaces of the rigid frame are provided with rectangular openings, so that the refractory balls for the test can be conveniently placed, the test process can be conveniently observed, and the adapter can be conveniently cleaned and maintained.
In the scheme, the lower supporting seat flat plate and the upper pressing plate flat plate are both steel flat plates, and the 1/6 hemispheroid is installed on the lower supporting seat flat plate or the upper pressing plate flat plate through counter bore bolts respectively.
In the scheme, the spherical seat comprises a lower cylinder and an upper hemisphere, and the bottom surface of the lower cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper pressure plate; the lower end face of the pressure transmission rod is a spherical groove matched with the upper hemispherical body, and the upper end face of the pressure transmission rod is a plane pressure head.
In the above scheme, the elastic members are three springs which are uniformly distributed on the upper pressure plate.
The invention also provides a test method of the adapter for the compressive strength test of the refractory ball, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the refractory ball for the test on the lower support seat, wherein the surface of the refractory ball is in point contact with the spherical surface of three 1/6 hemispheres of the lower support seat;
s2, placing the adapter at a testing station of the pressure testing machine, starting the pressure testing machine, and enabling an upper pressure plate of the pressure testing machine to contact the upper surface of a pressure transmission rod of the adapter;
s3, slowly adjusting the pressure testing machine to enable the spherical surfaces of the three 1/6 hemispheroids of the upper pressure plate of the adapter to contact the spherical surface of the refractory ball, and continuously pressurizing until the refractory ball is broken, wherein the numerical value of the pressure testing machine is the compressive strength value of the refractory ball at the moment.
In the above-described embodiment, before step S1, it is checked to ensure that the movable members of the sample adapter are able to move smoothly and freely, and that the members locked and fixed are not loosened.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the special adapter to clamp the refractory ball sample, can simulate the stress state of the refractory ball extruded by the upper ball and the lower ball in actual use, and the stress mode is consistent with that in actual use, so that the data measured in a laboratory has more practical guiding significance.
2. The adapter has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance, no need of a special pressure testing machine, no need of cutting and processing the fire-resistant ball, low testing cost and high popularization and application value.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the compressive strength test of the refractory ball of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the adapter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower support base of the adapter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper platen of the adapter of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a pressure transmission rod of the adapter of the present invention.
In the figure: 10. a rigid frame; 20. a lower support seat; 21. a lower support base plate; 22. 1/6 hemispheres; 23. a counterbore bolt; 30. an upper pressure plate; 31. an upper platen plate; 32. a spherical seat; 40. a pressure transmission rod; 41. a spherical groove; 42. a planar indenter; 50. an elastic member; 200. a refractory ball.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the adapter for testing compressive strength of a refractory ball according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a rigid frame 10, a lower support base 20, an upper pressure plate 30 and a pressure transmission rod 40.
The rigid frame 10 is hollow inside and serves as a mounting base for the lower support base 20, the upper platen 30 and the pressure transmission rod 40. The top end of the rigid frame 10 is provided with an upper sealing plate, and the centroid of the upper sealing plate is provided with a through round hole; the bottom end of the sealing plate is provided with a lower sealing plate which is a flat plate.
The lower support seat 20 comprises a lower support seat flat plate 21 and three 1/6 hemispheres 22 with equal diameters, the lower support seat flat plate 21 is in a regular triangle shape, the centers of the three 1/6 hemispheres 22 are respectively aligned with three vertexes of the lower support seat flat plate 21 and fixed on the upper surface of the lower support seat flat plate 21 in a spherical opposite direction, the two bottom radiuses of the 1/6 hemispheres 22 respectively follow two sides of the lower support seat flat plate 21, and the three 1/6 hemispheres 22 are mutually circumscribed. The lower support plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the lower closing plate at the bottom of the rigid frame 10 by welding.
The upper pressure plate 30 comprises an upper pressure plate flat plate 31, three 1/6 hemispheroids 22 with equal diameters and a spherical seat 32, wherein the upper pressure plate flat plate 31 is in a regular triangle shape, the spherical centers of the three 1/6 hemispheroids 22 are respectively aligned with three vertexes of the upper pressure plate flat plate 31 and fixed on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate flat plate 31 in a spherical opposite direction, the two bottom surface radiuses of the 1/6 hemispheroids 22 are respectively along two sides of the upper pressure plate flat plate 31, and the three 1/6 hemispheroids 22 are mutually circumscribed. Three vertexes of the upper pressure plate flat plate 31 are opposite to three vertexes of the lower support seat flat plate 21, namely three 1/6 hemispheres 22 on the upper pressure plate 30 and three 1/6 hemispheres 22 on the lower support seat 20 are vertically and symmetrically distributed. The spherical seat 32 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper platen plate 31 by welding. The upper platen plate 31 is suspended and mounted on the lower surface of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame 10 through the elastic element 50, the upper end of the elastic element 50 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame 10, and the lower end of the elastic element 50 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper platen plate 31.
The lower end of the pressure transmission rod 40 is matched and installed with the upper end surface of the spherical seat 32, and the upper end of the pressure transmission rod 40 extends out of the through hole at the centroid of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame 10, so that the pressure transmission rod can be conveniently connected with an external press.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, the side length of the lower support base plate 21 is equal to the side length of the upper platen plate 31 and equal to the diameter of the test refractory ball 200, and the radius of the six 1/6 hemispheres 22 is equal to the radius of the test refractory ball 200.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, the rigid frame 10 is in the shape of a regular triangular prism, and the side length of the bottom surface of the rigid frame is slightly larger than the side lengths of the lower support seat flat plate 21 and the upper platen flat plate 31. The aperture of the through hole at the centroid of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame 10 is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure transmission rod 40. The pressure transmission rod 40 and the upper pressure plate 30 are suspended on the upper sealing plate through the telescopic elastic piece 50, the weight of the pressure transmission rod 40 and the weight of the upper pressure plate 30 can be supported just by the suspension tension force, the pressure transmission rod 40 and the upper pressure plate 30 can freely move up and down, no friction exists between the pressure transmission rod and the rigid frame 10, and the telescopic elastic piece 50 lifts the pressure transmission rod 40 and the upper pressure plate 30 to be suspended, so that a sample can be conveniently installed. After the test is finished, when the pressure is removed, the pressure transmission rod 40 and the upper pressure plate 30 are lifted up and reset under the action of the elastic tension of the telescopic elastic piece 50, so that the test slag can be conveniently cleaned, and the next round of test can be carried out.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, three sides of the rigid frame 10 are provided with rectangular openings, which facilitates the placement of the fire-resistant balls for testing, the observation of the testing process, and the cleaning and maintenance of the adapter.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, the lower support seat flat plate 21 and the upper platen flat plate 31 are both steel flat plates, and the 1/6 hemisphere 22 is mounted on the lower support seat flat plate 21 or the upper platen flat plate 31 through the counter bore bolt 23, and can be detached for replacement or maintenance. The 1/6 hemisphere 22 was not able to shift during the test.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the spherical seat 32 includes a lower cylinder and an upper hemisphere, and the bottom surface of the lower cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper press plate 30. The lower end surface of the pressure transmission rod 40 is a spherical groove 41 matched with the upper hemispherical body, and the upper end surface of the pressure transmission rod 40 is a plane pressure head 42. The lower end surface of the pressure transmission rod 40 is designed to be matched with the upper end surface of the spherical seat 32 in a spherical surface mode, and when the test refractory ball 200 is a non-regular ball, the pressure transmission rod can be adjusted slightly, so that the three 1/6 hemispheres 22 of the upper pressure plate 30 can be in smooth contact with the spherical surface of the refractory ball 200 to apply pressure.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the elastic members 50 are three springs, and the three springs are uniformly distributed on the upper platen plate 31.
The invention also provides a test method of the adapter for the compressive strength test of the refractory ball, which comprises the following steps:
1) the check ensures that the movable parts of the sample adapter are able to move freely and smoothly, and the parts locked and fixed are free from looseness.
2) And placing the refractory ball for the test on the lower support seat 20, wherein the surface of the refractory ball is in point contact with the spherical surfaces of the three 1/6 hemispheres 22 of the lower support seat 20.
3) And placing the adapter at a test station of a compression testing machine, and starting the compression testing machine to enable an upper pressure plate 30 of the compression testing machine to contact the upper surface of the adapter pressure transmission rod 40.
4) And slowly adjusting the pressure testing machine to enable the spherical surfaces of the three 1/6 hemispheres 22 of the adapter upper pressure plate 30 to contact the spherical surface of the refractory ball, and continuously pressurizing until the refractory ball is broken, wherein the numerical value of the pressure testing machine is the compressive strength value of the refractory ball at the moment.
The method of the invention adopts a special adapter to clamp a fire-resistant ball sample, can simulate the stress state of the fire-resistant ball 200 which is extruded by six balls up and down in practical use, enables the lower hemisphere of the fire-resistant ball to be in point contact with three 1/6 hemispheres 22 on a lower support seat 20, adjusts the position of an upper pressure plate 30 through a spherical seat 32, enables the upper hemisphere of the fire-resistant ball 200 to be in point contact with three 1/6 hemispheres 22 on the upper pressure plate, operates a pressure tester to carry out a pressure test until the fire-resistant ball 200 is broken, and records the breaking strength. The data measured by the test equipment and the test method have more practical guiding significance.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An adapter for a refractory ball compressive strength test is characterized by comprising a rigid frame, a lower supporting seat, an upper pressure plate and a pressure transmission rod;
the rigid frame is hollow, and the top end of the rigid frame is provided with an upper sealing plate;
the lower support seat comprises a lower support seat flat plate and three 1/6 hemispheroids, the lower support seat flat plate is in a regular triangle shape, the spherical centers of the three 1/6 hemispheroids are respectively aligned with three vertexes of the lower support seat flat plate and fixed on the upper surface of the lower support seat flat plate in a spherical opposite direction, the two bottom surface radiuses of the 1/6 hemispheroids are respectively along two sides of the lower support seat flat plate, and the three 1/6 hemispheroids are mutually circumscribed; the lower supporting seat flat plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the rigid frame;
the upper pressure plate comprises an upper pressure plate flat plate, three 1/6 hemispheres and a spherical seat, the upper pressure plate flat plate is in a regular triangle shape, the spherical centers of the three 1/6 hemispheres are respectively aligned with three vertexes of the upper pressure plate flat plate and are fixed on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate flat plate in a spherical opposite direction, the radiuses of two bottom surfaces of the 1/6 hemispheres are respectively along two sides of the upper pressure plate flat plate, and the three 1/6 hemispheres are mutually circumscribed; three vertexes of the upper pressure plate are opposite to three vertexes of the lower supporting seat plate, namely three 1/6 hemispheres on the upper pressure plate and three 1/6 hemispheres on the lower supporting seat are vertically and symmetrically distributed; the spherical seat is arranged on the upper surface of the upper pressure plate flat plate; the upper pressure plate flat plate is suspended and installed on the lower surface of an upper sealing plate of the rigid frame through an elastic piece;
the lower end of the pressure transmission rod is matched with the upper end face of the spherical seat, and the upper end of the pressure transmission rod extends out of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame, so that the pressure transmission rod is conveniently connected with an external press machine.
2. The adapter for the compression strength test of the refractory ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side length of the lower support plate is equal to the side length of the upper press plate and equal to the diameter of the refractory ball for the test; the six 1/6 hemispheres all had radii equal to the radius of the test refractory ball.
3. The adapter for the compressive strength test of the refractory ball as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rigid frame is in a regular triangular prism shape, a hole for the pressure transmission rod to pass through is formed in the centroid of the upper sealing plate of the rigid frame, and the hole diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure transmission rod; the bottom end of the rigid frame is provided with a lower sealing plate which is a flat plate, and the lower supporting seat flat plate is fixedly arranged on the lower sealing plate.
4. The adapter for the refractory ball compressive strength test of claim 3, wherein the rigid frame is provided with rectangular openings on three sides for facilitating the installation of the refractory ball for the test, the observation of the test process and the cleaning and maintenance of the adapter.
5. The adapter for the compressive strength test of the refractory ball as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower support seat plate and the upper pressing plate are both steel plates, and the 1/6 hemispheroid is mounted on the lower support seat plate or the upper pressing plate respectively through a counter bore bolt.
6. The adapter for the compressive strength test of the refractory ball as in claim 1, wherein the spherical seat comprises a lower cylinder and an upper hemisphere, and the bottom surface of the lower cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper pressure plate; the lower end face of the pressure transmission rod is a spherical groove matched with the upper hemispherical body, and the upper end face of the pressure transmission rod is a plane pressure head.
7. The adapter for testing the compressive strength of a refractory ball as in claim 1, wherein the elastic members are three springs uniformly distributed on the upper platen plate.
8. The method for testing an adapter for a refractory ball compressive strength test according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the refractory ball for the test on the lower support seat, wherein the surface of the refractory ball is in point contact with the spherical surface of three 1/6 hemispheres of the lower support seat;
s2, placing the adapter at a testing station of the pressure testing machine, starting the pressure testing machine, and enabling an upper pressure plate of the pressure testing machine to contact the upper surface of a pressure transmission rod of the adapter;
s3, slowly adjusting the pressure testing machine to enable the spherical surfaces of the three 1/6 hemispheroids of the upper pressure plate of the adapter to contact the spherical surface of the refractory ball, and continuously pressurizing until the refractory ball is broken, wherein the numerical value of the pressure testing machine is the compressive strength value of the refractory ball at the moment.
9. The method of testing an adapter for a refractory ball compressive strength test according to claim 8, wherein before step S1, it is checked to ensure that each movable member of the sample adapter is able to move freely and smoothly, and that the members locked and fixed are not loosened.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911011340.3A CN110702519B (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Adapter for testing compressive strength of refractory ball and test method |
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| CN201911011340.3A CN110702519B (en) | 2019-10-23 | 2019-10-23 | Adapter for testing compressive strength of refractory ball and test method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110702519B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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