CN110702491B - 一种确定含水溶盐地层水矿化度与岩心洗盐程度的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及石油与天然气致密储层岩心分析领域，本方法考虑了水溶盐储层岩心从地层温度压力条件取至地面温度压力条件过程中，岩样内部发生盐结晶，因此在孔隙度等参数测试前要对岩心进行洗盐处理。该方法只会清洗掉原地岩样取至地面过程中由于结晶作用对孔隙度造成影响的盐量，从而使洗盐后测试出的岩心孔隙度客观真实，同时通过质量守恒原理确定了地层水矿化度，并为后续致密储层实验评价奠定基础，是一种属于石油天然气勘探开发过程中岩心分析方面的实验方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石油与天然气致密储层岩心分析领域一种确定含水溶盐地层水矿化度与岩心洗盐程度的方法，属于石油天然气勘探开发过程中岩心分析方面的实验方法。
背景技术
随着世界各国对油气需求的不断增长、常规油气资源产量的衰竭，以及低碳经济的快速发展，具有现实勘探开发意义和资源量巨大的非常规石油天然气(主要包括致密砂岩油气藏、致密碳酸盐岩油气藏、页岩油气藏和煤层气)越来越受到各个国家和石油公司的青睐。而对于油气层地质特征的认知程度潜在决定了后续油气藏的开发能够走多远，通过岩心分析的手段可以实现对油气层地质特征的清楚认知。致密储层形成于海相或咸化湖等沉积环境时，储层内部形成大量水溶盐，导致地层水矿化度较高。然而，原地岩样取至地面过程中，从储层温度压力条件到地面温度压力条件，岩样内部会发生盐结晶，导致岩样孔隙度发生变化。所以，确定岩石的洗盐程度既可以保证岩石孔隙度测试等岩心分析实验结果的准确性，也可以实现致密储层的客观评价，同时有利于致密油气藏的高效经济开发。确定含水溶盐储层的地层水矿化度和岩心洗盐程度是评价致密储层的前提和基础。
常规洗盐会清洗掉储层沉积时形成的水溶盐和原地岩样取至地面过程中的结晶盐，导致无法准确地测试出岩心原地孔隙度，从而影响致密储层的评价。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于通过确定含水溶盐地层水矿化度与岩心洗盐程度，并为后续开展的致密储层评价奠定基础。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
步骤1、选取含水溶盐储层代表性岩心，称取烘干后的岩心质量m’，并确定岩心完全饱和水体积Vfluid和密度ρ；
步骤2、分析含水溶盐储层地面产出地层水矿化度C’；
步骤3、分析储层水溶盐矿物类型与比例，配制实验用复合水溶盐，并将复合水溶盐完全溶解；
步骤4、开展复合水溶盐结晶实验，分析从储层条件下的地层水到地面温度压力条件下的产出水结晶程度，记盐结晶比例系数η，盐结晶比例系数η为结晶盐析出量与初始溶液中水溶盐质量比值；
步骤5、根据盐结晶比例系数η，运用式(1)计算储层实际地层水矿化度C；
步骤6、进行洗盐，并反复称取洗盐后岩心质量m，直至岩心质量变化为m’-m＝ηρVfluid，洗盐结束。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
(1)确定地层水矿化度。致密储层形成于海相或者湖相沉积环境时，储层含有大量水溶盐，导致储层地层水矿化度较高。储层地层水从原地温度压力条件到地面温度压力条件过程中会发生盐结晶，引起地面产出地层水矿化度降低，无法真实反映地层水矿化度。
(2)确定岩心洗盐程度。储层岩样内部含有大量水溶盐，储层岩样在从原地温度压力条件取至地面温度压力条件过程中会发生盐结晶，盐结晶导致孔隙度发生变化，因此，测试原地孔隙度前应对岩样进行洗盐处理。直接对岩样进行洗盐会清洗掉储层沉积过程中形成的水溶盐和由于结晶作用形成的盐，仍然无法清洗由于结晶作用对岩样孔隙度产生影响的盐量。
(3)为致密储层的客观评价提供保障。确定地层水矿化度和岩心洗盐程度为孔隙度的准确测试奠定基础，准确的孔隙度使得后续致密储层的实验评价更接近储层的真实条件，使得实验结果客观、真实。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和有益效果更加清楚的解释，结合具体参数和实施例进一步详细说明本发明的发明内容、特点，具体步骤如下：
步骤1、准备无水甲醇溶液，选取含水溶盐储层代表性岩心，称取烘干后的岩心质量m’，并确定岩心完全饱和水体积Vfluid和密度ρ；
步骤2、采用原子吸收分光光度计分析含水溶盐储层地面产出地层水矿化度C’；
步骤3、将一部分岩样粉碎成粉末状和水按一定比例混合，在振荡机上进行振荡，一段时间后进行过滤，再将滤液进行烘干处理，通过烘干后的残渣分析储层水溶盐矿物类型与比例，配制实验用复合水溶盐，并将复合水溶盐完全溶解；
步骤4、开展复合水溶盐结晶实验，分析从储层条件下的地层水到地面温度压力条件下的产出水结晶程度，记盐结晶比例系数η，盐结晶比例系数η为结晶盐析出量与初始溶液中水溶盐质量比值；
步骤5、根据盐结晶比例系数η，运用式(1)计算储层实际地层水矿化度C；
步骤6、在抽真空饱和装置内采用无水甲醇进行岩心洗盐，并反复称取洗盐后岩心质量m，直至岩心质量变化为m’-m＝ηρVfluid，洗盐结束。
根据本发明，洗盐量基于地层水矿化度确定，保证了洗盐程度的准确性。此外，常规方法会清洗掉储层沉积时形成的水溶盐和原地岩样取至地面过程中的结晶盐，该方法只会清洗掉岩样从原地温度压力条件到地面温度压力条件对孔隙度造成影响的盐结晶的盐量。
以上的具体实施方式已经结合具体参数和实施例对本发明的效果进行了详细描述，但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，只要在不超出本发明的主旨范围内，可对实验条件及对象进行灵活的变更，这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种确定含水溶盐地层水矿化度与岩心洗盐程度的方法步骤如下：
步骤1、选取含水溶盐储层代表性岩心，称取烘干后的岩心质量m’，并确定岩心完全饱和水体积Vfluid和密度ρ；
步骤2、分析含水溶盐储层地面产出地层水矿化度C’；
步骤3、分析储层水溶盐矿物类型与比例，配制实验用复合水溶盐，并将复合水溶盐完全溶解；
步骤4、开展复合水溶盐结晶实验，分析从储层条件下的地层水到地面温度压力条件下的产出水结晶程度，记盐结晶比例系数η，盐结晶比例系数η为结晶盐析出量与初始溶液中水溶盐质量比值；
步骤5、根据盐结晶比例系数η，运用式(1)计算储层实际地层水矿化度C；
步骤6、进行洗盐，并反复称取洗盐后岩心质量m，直至岩心质量变化为m’-m＝ηρVfluid，洗盐结束。
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