CN110701927A - Material cooling system based on powder flow cooler - Google Patents
Material cooling system based on powder flow cooler Download PDFInfo
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- CN110701927A CN110701927A CN201910776877.2A CN201910776877A CN110701927A CN 110701927 A CN110701927 A CN 110701927A CN 201910776877 A CN201910776877 A CN 201910776877A CN 110701927 A CN110701927 A CN 110701927A
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- heat exchange
- exchange plate
- plate group
- coolant
- temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/34—Emptying devices
- B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material cooling, in particular to a material cooling system based on a powder flow cooler. The material cooling system comprises a powder flow cooler and a coolant temperature adjusting mechanism, wherein the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism is used for preventing the temperature of a coolant in the powder flow cooler from being lower than the dew point value of a material. According to the invention, the temperature of the coolant in the powder flow cooler is raised, and the temperature difference between the coolant and the material in the powder flow cooler is reduced, so that the temperature of the coolant is greater than the dew point value of the material, abnormal phenomena including condensation, deliquescence and agglomeration are prevented from occurring on the material, the normal use of the powder flow cooling system is ensured, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material cooling, in particular to a material cooling system based on a powder flow cooler.
Background
The powder flow cooler is a novel energy-saving material cooling system, can reduce energy consumption compared with a fluidized bed cooling system, and is an ideal product for replacing a traditional fluidized bed. The working principle is that after materials enter from the feeding bin and are subjected to heat exchange through the two-plate set and the three-plate set, the materials are discharged through the discharging door after reaching the cooling temperature, and the opening degree of the discharging door is controlled by the material level probe of the feeding bin. Cooled desalted water in the plate group flows back to the first plate group through the third plate group to take away heat of materials.
In the material cooling system of the existing powder flow cooler, the temperature difference between the coolant and the material is too large, namely, the temperature of the coolant is far lower than the temperature of the material in the powder flow cooler, so that the coolant is lower than the dew point value of the material, the material is caused to dewfall, deliquesce and agglomeration in the powder flow cooler, and the service time of the powder flow cooler is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a material cooling system based on a powder flow cooler, which can prevent the materials from dewing, deliquescing and caking in the powder flow cooler and prolong the service life of the powder flow cooler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a material cooling system based on powder flow cooler, this material cooling system includes powder flow cooler and coolant temperature adjustment mechanism, coolant temperature adjustment mechanism is used for preventing that the temperature of coolant is less than the dew point value of material in the powder flow cooler to this prevents that abnormal phenomena from appearing in the material, abnormal phenomena includes dewfall, deliquescence, caking at least.
Further, the powder flow cooler comprises a plurality of heat exchange plate groups which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom; the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism comprises a heat exchanger, a cooling water tower, a heat supplementing unit and a condensate tank for providing coolant for a cooling system, the condensate tank is communicated with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is communicated with a coolant inlet of the bottom heat exchange plate group, the coolant flowing out of the heat exchanger sequentially flows upwards from the bottom heat exchange plate group to each heat exchange plate group and flows back to the condensate tank from a coolant outlet of the top heat exchange plate group; the cooling water tower is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger, and the temperature of the coolant flowing to the heat exchanger from the condensate tank is higher than the temperature of the liquid flowing to the heat exchanger from the cooling water tower;
the heat supplementing unit is communicated with the coolant inlet of the heat exchange plate group and used for increasing the temperature of the coolant flowing into the heat exchange plate group, so that the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange plate group is higher than the dew point value of the material.
Further, the heat supplementing unit comprises a heat supplementing pipeline for communicating the condensate tank with the heat exchange plate group, a temperature sensor arranged on the heat exchange plate group, and an adjusting valve arranged on the heat supplementing pipeline, wherein the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the adjusting valve;
the temperature sensor collects the temperature of the coolant of the heat exchange plate group, if the temperature of the coolant of the heat exchange plate group collected by the temperature sensor is lower than a set temperature value, the regulating valve on the heat supplementing pipeline is opened, temperature supplementing water is conveyed to the heat exchange plate group, and the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange plate group is increased.
Preferably, the number of the heat exchange plate groups is three, and the heat exchange plate groups are respectively a first heat exchange plate group, a second heat exchange plate group and a third heat exchange plate group from top to bottom; the material cooling system also comprises a dry air supplementing mechanism which is used for conveying dry air to the interiors of the first heat exchange plate group, the second heat exchange plate group and the third heat exchange plate group so as to absorb moisture contained in the material; the heat supplementing pipeline is connected with two branch pipes which are a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe respectively, wherein the second branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group, and the first branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group; the temperature sensors comprise a second temperature sensor arranged at a coolant outlet of the second heat exchange plate group and a first temperature sensor arranged at a coolant outlet of the first heat exchange plate group; the regulating valve comprises a second regulating valve arranged on the second branch pipe and a first regulating valve arranged on the first branch pipe, the first temperature sensor is electrically connected with the first regulating valve, and the second regulating valve is electrically connected with the second temperature sensor.
Further preferably, a second refrigerant circulating pipe is connected between the coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group and the coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group, and a first refrigerant circulating pipe is connected between the coolant outlet of the second heat exchange plate group and the coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group;
the first branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group through a first refrigerant circulating pipe, and the second branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group through a second refrigerant circulating pipe;
and the first refrigerant circulating pipe and the second refrigerant circulating pipe are respectively provided with a one-way valve for preventing the temperature supplementing water conveyed to the first heat exchange plate group by the heat supplementing pipeline from flowing backwards to the second heat exchange plate group and preventing the temperature supplementing water conveyed to the second heat exchange plate group by the heat supplementing pipeline from flowing backwards to the third heat exchange plate group.
Further preferably, the outlet of the third heat exchange plate group is close to the lower end thereof, and the inlet of the third heat exchange plate group is close to the upper end thereof.
Further preferably, the dry air supplementing mechanism comprises a dry air fan and an air dehumidifier, external air enters the dry air fan after moisture is removed through the air dehumidifier, and the dry air fan conveys the dry air to each heat exchange plate group.
Further preferably, a third temperature sensor is arranged at a coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group, a third regulating valve is arranged at a first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the third temperature sensor is electrically connected with the third regulating valve and used for setting the flow rate of the coolant of the whole powder flow cooling system by detecting the temperature of the coolant in the third heat exchange plate group.
Furthermore, the material cooling system also comprises an automatic material control mechanism, wherein the automatic material control mechanism comprises a material level transmitter, a material level transmitter electrically connected with the material level transmitter and a material level controller electrically connected with the material level transmitter; the upper end of the first heat exchange plate group is provided with a feeding bin, the material level transmitter is arranged above the feeding bin, the lower end of the third heat exchange plate group is provided with a discharging device, the discharging device is provided with an actuator, and the material level controller is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve of the actuator.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the temperature of the coolant in the powder flow cooler is raised, and the temperature difference between the coolant and the material in the powder flow cooler is reduced, so that the temperature of the coolant is greater than the dew point value of the material, abnormal phenomena including condensation, deliquescence and agglomeration are prevented from occurring on the material, the normal use of the powder flow cooling system is ensured, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
(2) The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of each heat exchange plate group, if the temperature of the coolant at the outlet is lower than a set value, the regulating valve communicated with the inlet of the heat exchange plate group is opened, temperature supplementing water is conveyed to the inlet of the heat exchange plate group, and the temperature supplementing water and the coolant carry out heat exchange in the powder flow cooler, so that the temperature of the coolant is higher than the dew point value of the material. The manual operation of operators is not needed, and the convenience of operation is improved.
(3) The temperature of the material in the heat exchange plate group at the top of the powder flow cooler is highest, the temperature of the material in the heat exchange plate group at the bottom of the powder flow cooler is lowest, the coolant flows to the heat exchange plate group at the top from the heat exchange plate group at the bottom in sequence, the temperature difference between the coolant and the material can be further reduced, the temperature of the coolant is better guaranteed to be larger than the dew point value of the material, and the material is prevented from dewing, deliquescing and caking.
(4) And dry air is conveyed to the powder flow cooler, and absorbs moisture in the materials, so that the materials are further prevented from dewing, deliquescing and caking.
(5) The automatic material control mechanism is arranged, the working state of the feeder can be controlled according to the amount of the material, and the automatic material control mechanism is convenient and fast.
Drawings
Fig. 1 and 2 are structural views of a filtering overload prevention apparatus of a powder flow cooler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the feed bin of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the powder stream cooling system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the overload prevention device of the present invention;
FIGS. 7 and 8 are enlarged views of the invention at I of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a structural view of a rotary kiln of the present invention;
FIGS. 10 and 11 are enlarged views at II of FIG. 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of the first wedge of FIG. 11 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the powder flow cooler of the present invention;
FIG. 14a is a graph of the various temperatures of the 16-16-16 products of the present invention;
FIG. 14b is a graph of the temperature profiles for the high nitrogen product of the present invention.
The notations in the figures have the following meanings:
10-feed hopper lifter 100-feeding chute 11-short circuit hopper lifter 12-filter screen 13-turning plate
130-sleeving part 131-rocking handle 14-discharging chute
20-powder flow cooler 200-feeding bin 2000-air balance valve 2001-material level transmitter
2002-level transmitter 2003-temperature transmitter 2004-temperature transmitter 2005-thermometer
201-first heat exchange plate group 2010-first temperature sensor 2011-first regulating valve
2012-first coolant flow pipe
202-second heat exchange plate set 2020-second temperature sensor 2021-second regulating valve
2022-second coolant flow pipe
203-third heat exchange plate group 2030-third temperature sensor 2031-third regulating valve
204-blanking device 2040-air vibrator 21-condensate tank 22-heat exchanger 23-cooling water tower
24-dry air fan 25-air dehumidifier 26-concurrent heating pipeline
30-storage hopper 300-bottom plate 301-notch
31-storage chute 310-support angle 32-turning part 33-screw 34-ram
40-discharge bucket elevator 41-kiln body 410-first inclined iron 4100-through hole 42-driven gear
43-driving gear 44-belt 45-riding wheel 46-gap 47-second wedge
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below by combining the embodiment and the attached drawings of the specification. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The material cooling production line based on the powder flow cooler comprises a filtering overload prevention device, a powder flow cooling system, an overload prevention device of a bucket elevator and a rotary kiln, which are respectively explained below.
Filtering overload prevention device
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the filtering overload prevention apparatus includes a filtering unit installed inside a feeding bin 200 of the powder flow cooler 20 for filtering the material transferred to the powder flow cooler 20.
The filter unit is installed the inside filter screen 12 in feeding storehouse 200 for the slope, and filter screen 12 can vibrate, and the screen cloth clearance hole has been seted up to the upside in feeding storehouse 200.
This filter overload protection device still includes short circuit bucket and carries machine 11, is provided with ejection of compact chute 14 on the short circuit bucket carries machine 11, and the feed end of ejection of compact chute 14 stretches into the inside of feeding storehouse 200, and as shown in fig. 3, the upper end that ejection of compact chute 14 is located feeding storehouse 200 inside is provided with turns over board 13, turns over board 13 and ejection of compact chute 14 and articulates. In this embodiment, the discharging chute 14 is rotatably provided with a sleeving part 130, and the bottom end of the turning plate 13 is connected to the sleeving part 130. As shown in fig. 4, a crank 131 is connected to the flap 13, and a handle end of the crank 131 extends to the outside of the feeding bin 200.
In this embodiment, the rocking handle 131 can be manually rotated to change the placement position of the flap 13. The rocking handle 131 can also be driven by a motor, so that the placement position of the flap 13 can be changed.
Powder flow cooling system
The powder flow cooling system comprises a powder flow cooler 20, a coolant temperature adjusting mechanism and a dry air supplementing mechanism, wherein a coolant outlet of the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism is communicated with a coolant inlet of the powder flow cooler 20, and a coolant outlet of the powder flow cooler 20 is communicated with a coolant inlet of the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism; the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism is used for exchanging heat of the coolant flowing out of the powder flow cooler 20, and is also used for increasing the temperature of the coolant in the powder flow cooler 20, so that the temperature difference between the coolant and the material is reduced, the temperature of the coolant is larger than the dew point value of the material, abnormal phenomena of the material are prevented, and the abnormal phenomena at least comprise dewing, deliquescence and agglomeration.
The dry air supply mechanism is connected to the powder flow cooler 20 and is configured to supply dry air to the powder flow cooler 20.
The powder flow cooler 20 comprises a plurality of heat exchange plate groups which are sequentially communicated in series; the dry air supplementing mechanism is communicated with each heat exchange plate group; the material loops through each heat exchange plate group from top to bottom, and the coolant flows to each heat exchange plate group from bottom to top in sequence.
As shown in fig. 5, the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism includes a condensate tank 21, a heat exchanger 22, a cooling water tower 23 and a heat compensating unit, the condensate tank 21 is communicated with a first coolant inlet of the heat exchanger 22, a first outlet of the heat exchanger 22 is communicated with a coolant inlet of a heat exchange plate group located at the lower end of the powder flow cooler 20, and a coolant outlet of the heat exchange plate group located at the upper end of the powder flow cooler 20 is communicated with the condensate tank 21; the outlet of the cooling water tower 23 is communicated with the second inlet of the heat exchanger 22, the second outlet of the heat exchanger 22 is communicated with the inlet of the cooling water tower 23, and the temperature of the coolant flowing to the heat exchanger 22 from the condensate tank 21 is higher than that of the liquid flowing to the heat exchanger 22 from the cooling water tower 23.
The temperature sensor is arranged in the heat exchange plate group or at the outlet of the heat exchange plate group, the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature of the coolant of the heat exchange plate group, if the temperature of the coolant of the heat exchange plate group collected by the temperature sensor is lower than a set temperature value, the heat supplementing unit conveys temperature supplementing water to the heat exchange plate group and is used for increasing the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange plate group, and otherwise, the heat supplementing unit stops conveying the temperature supplementing water to the heat exchange plate group.
The heat supplementing unit is a heat supplementing pipeline 26 communicated between the condensate tank 21 and the heat exchange plate groups, the heat supplementing pipeline 26 is provided with a regulating valve corresponding to each heat exchange plate group, and the regulating valve is electrically connected with a temperature sensor in the corresponding heat exchange plate group or a temperature sensor at the outlet position of the heat exchange plate group.
As shown in fig. 5 and 13, the powder flow cooler 20 includes three heat exchange plate groups, which are a first heat exchange plate group 201, a second heat exchange plate group 202, and a third heat exchange plate group 203 from top to bottom. The upper end of the first heat exchange plate group 201 is provided with a feeding bin 200, and the upper end of the feeding bin 200 is provided with an air balance valve 2000. The lower end of the third heat exchange plate group 203 is provided with a blanking device 204.
The condensate tank 21 is filled with desalted water, i.e., coolant. The condensate tank 21 supplies coolant to a first inlet of the heat exchanger 22 through two parallel pipelines, and the two pipelines of the condensate tank 21 are respectively provided with a cooling water pump. The first outlet of the heat exchanger 22 is connected to the coolant inlet of the third heat exchange plate set 203 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a gate valve, a filter and a safety valve. A coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group 203 is close to the lower end thereof, a coolant inlet of the third heat exchange plate group 203 is close to the upper end thereof, a second refrigerant circulation pipe 2022 is connected between the coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group 203 and the coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group 202, and a first refrigerant circulation pipe 2012 is connected between the coolant outlet of the second heat exchange plate group 202 and the coolant of the first heat exchange plate group 201. The coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group 202 is near its lower end and the coolant outlet of the second heat exchange plate group 202 is near its upper end. The coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group 201 is near its lower end and the coolant outlet of the first heat exchange plate group 201 is near its upper end.
As shown in fig. 5, a third temperature sensor 2030 is disposed at a coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group 203, a third regulating valve 2031 is disposed at a first inlet of the heat exchanger 22, the third temperature sensor 2030 and the third regulating valve 2031 are electrically connected, a flow rate of the coolant of the entire powder flow cooling system is set by detecting a temperature of the coolant in the third heat exchange plate group 203, and a flow rate of the coolant entering the heat exchanger 22, that is, a flow rate of the coolant of the entire powder flow cooling system is controlled by the third regulating valve 2031.
The powder flow cooling system further comprises a dry air supplement mechanism, and the dry air supplement mechanism is communicated with the powder flow cooler 20 and used for conveying dry air to the powder flow cooler 20.
As shown in fig. 5, the dry air supplement mechanism includes a dry air blower 24 and an air dehumidifier 25, external air enters the dry air blower 24 after moisture is removed by the air dehumidifier 25, and the dry air blower 24 feeds the dry air into each heat exchange plate group. The pipelines between the dry air fan 24 and each heat exchange plate group are provided with butterfly valves, the butterfly valves are opened when the whole system is started, and the butterfly valves are closed when the whole system is in normal operation. An air vibrator 2040 is also arranged on the blanking device 204 and is used for combining dry air and wet air in the material.
As shown in fig. 5, since the material entering the third heat exchange plate group 203 absorbs moisture through the dry air in the first heat exchange plate group 201 and the second heat exchange plate group 202, the material in the third heat exchange plate group 203 is not deliquesced substantially, and only temperature make-up water needs to be added to the coolant in the first heat exchange plate group 201 and the second heat exchange plate group 202. The heat-replenishing pipe 26 connects two branch pipes, one branch pipe is communicated with the second refrigerant flowing pipe 2022, a one-way valve is arranged at a position of the second refrigerant flowing pipe 2022 close to the outlet of the third heat exchange plate group 203, so that the temperature replenishing water can only enter the second heat exchange plate group 202, a second regulating valve 2021 is arranged on the branch pipe, a second temperature sensor 2020 is arranged at the outlet of the second heat exchange plate group 202, and the second regulating valve 2021 and the second temperature sensor 2020 are electrically connected. Another branch pipe is communicated with the first refrigerant circulation pipe 2012, and the position of the first refrigerant circulation pipe 2012 close to the outlet of the second heat exchange plate group 202 is also provided with a one-way valve, so that the temperature make-up water can only enter the first heat exchange plate group 201, the another branch pipe is provided with a first adjusting valve 2011, the outlet of the first heat exchange plate group 201 is provided with a first temperature sensor 2010 and a pressure gauge, and the first temperature sensor 2010 and the first adjusting valve 2011 are electrically connected.
The inlet and the outlet of each heat exchange plate group are provided with an exhaust hole and a sampling port.
The powder flow cooling system further comprises an automatic material control mechanism, as shown in fig. 5, a material level transmitter 2001 is arranged above the feeding bin 200, the material level transmitter 2001 is electrically connected with the material level transmitter 2002, the material level transmitter 2002 is electrically connected with a material level controller, the material level controller is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve on the actuator, the actuator is mounted on the material discharging device 204, the material level transmitter 2001 acquires the height of the material level in the feeding bin 200, the material level transmitter 2002 is used for enabling the height of the material level to generate the material level controller, and if the height of the material level exceeds a set value, the material level controller sends an instruction for opening a valve of the material discharging device 204 to the actuator.
The feeding bin 200 is also internally provided with a temperature transmitter 2003, a temperature transmitter 2004 and a temperature meter 2005. The temperature transmitter 2004 converts the measured temperature signal into an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the central control DCS via the temperature transmitter 2003, and the thermometer 2005 displays the real-time temperature for the site, so that the operator can confirm the temperature on site.
Overload prevention device of bucket elevator
This overload prevention device includes material buffer gear, and material buffer gear's feed inlet setting is in the discharge gate department of powder flow cooler 20, and material buffer gear's discharge gate setting is in the feed inlet department of ejection of compact bucket elevator 40, and material buffer gear is used for preventing that the instantaneous blowing of powder flow cooler 20 from surpassing the carrying capacity of ejection of compact bucket elevator 40 and causing the ejection of compact bucket elevator 40 to overload and jump and stop. The material in this example is a processed fertilizer.
In this embodiment, the material buffering mechanism may only include the storage hopper 30, the feeding port of the storage hopper 30 is disposed at the discharging port of the powder flow cooler 20, the discharging port of the storage hopper 30 is disposed at the feeding port of the discharging hopper lifter 40, and the gate plate 34 is movably installed in the storage hopper 30; as shown in fig. 6, the material buffering mechanism may also be a storage hopper 30, the bottom end of the storage hopper 30 is connected with a storage chute 31, the discharge port of the storage chute 31 is arranged at the feed port of the discharge hopper lifter 40, and the gate plate 34 is movably mounted at the connection position of the storage hopper 30 and the storage chute 31.
The storage hopper 30 is made up of a plurality of iron plates as shown in fig. 7 and 8, wherein the free end of the gate 34 is directed towards the floor 300 of the storage hopper 30, i.e. the floor 300 that is first contacted by the fertilizer after it exits the downer 204. As shown in fig. 8, the included angle β between the bottom plate 300 and the horizontal plane is set to 35 ° to 90 °. In the embodiment, the angle beta is 35 degrees and is just the repose angle of the fertilizer, and the repose angle is the maximum angle at which the fertilizer can keep a natural stable state when stacked. The included angle between the bottom plate 300 and the horizontal plane is set to be 35 degrees, and both the flowability of the fertilizer and the space required by the installation of the bottom plate 300 can be considered.
The length of the gate plate 34 is 0.9-1.1 m, the distance between the bottom end of the gate plate 34 and the bottom plate 300 is 10-15 mm, and the length of the gate plate 34 and the distance between the bottom end of the gate plate 34 and the bottom plate 300 are designed according to the carrying capacity of the discharge bucket elevator 40. In this embodiment, the length of the gate plate 34 is 1m, the distance between the bottom end of the gate plate 34 and the bottom plate 300 is 12mm, fertilizer enters the storage hopper 30 from the discharge port of the powder flow cooler 20, enters the discharge hopper lifter 40 through the storage chute 31, and the discharge hopper lifter 40 transports the fertilizer to the next-stage processing equipment.
The opening and closing state of the shutter 34 can be manually controlled, as shown in fig. 7, the shutter 34 is movably installed at the connection position of the storage hopper 30 and the storage chute 31 through a rotating part 32, and the rotating part 32 is a rotating shaft in this embodiment. The gate plate 34 is connected with a screw 33, the supporting angle iron 310 is welded on the standing plates at two sides of the storage chute 31, and the screw 33 is in threaded connection with the supporting angle iron 310. The screw 33 is manually rotated, so that the screw 33 pushes the gate plate 34 to turn up and down, and the purpose of changing the distance between the gate plate 34 and the bottom plate 300 is achieved.
The open/close state of the shutter 34 may also be controlled by a linear driving unit including a ball screw and a servo motor installed on a support on one side of the entire apparatus.
As shown in fig. 8, when the gate 34 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 300, the distance between the two is the smallest, and at this time, the fertilizer entering the discharging hopper lift 40 from the storage hopper 30 in a unit time is the smallest, and the carrying pressure of the discharging hopper lift 40 is the smallest.
After a period of use, the fertilizer in the storage hopper 30 can scale, and by turning the gate 34 up and down, the fertilizer forming the scale in the storage hopper 30 can be squeezed and separated. Simultaneously the discharge gate grow of storage hopper 30, the outside of fertilizer clearance to storage hopper 30 of convenient with the scale deposit.
The material flow control part can further comprise a gate plate 34, a hydraulic part and a piston rod movably mounted on the hydraulic part, one end of the piston rod is connected to the gate plate 34, the other end of the piston rod is inserted into the hydraulic part, and the gate plate 34 is pushed to turn up and down through the extension and contraction of the piston rod.
As shown in fig. 6, the storage hopper 30 is provided with a notch 301 near the upper end, so that when the amount of fertilizer flowing out of the powder flow cooler 20 is too large and exceeds the bearing capacity of the storage hopper 30, the fertilizer can be directly scattered on the ground instead of pressing the gate 34, so that the gate 34 is forced to open and the fertilizer is transferred to the discharge hopper lifter 40 to increase the carrying capacity of the discharge hopper lifter 40.
The upper end of the storage chute 31 is open, and the gate plate 34 is convenient to install.
Rotary kiln
The rotary kiln comprises a kiln body 41, as shown in fig. 9, a belt wheel 44 is arranged outside the kiln body 41, as shown in fig. 10, a plurality of adjusting units surrounding the surface of the kiln body 41 are arranged in a gap 46 between the kiln body 41 and the belt wheel 44, and the adjusting units are used for adjusting the size of the gap 46.
As shown in fig. 11, each adjusting unit includes a first wedge 410 and a second wedge 47, the first wedge 410 is fixed on the kiln body 41, the end surfaces of the second wedge 47 and the first wedge 410, which are attached to each other, are inclined surfaces, the end surface of the second wedge 47 facing the belt 44 is parallel to the belt 44, the inclined surface of the second wedge 47 moves along the inclined surface of the first wedge 410 to adjust the size of the gap 46, and then the second wedge 47 is fixed.
The first inclined iron 410 is L-shaped, and the bottom surface of the first inclined iron 410 is welded on the kiln body 41, as shown in fig. 12, the radian of the bottom surface of the first inclined iron 410 is the same as that of the kiln body 41.
As shown in fig. 12, a through hole 4100 is opened on the side surface of the first wedge 410, and one end of the second wedge 47 is inserted into the through hole 4100.
In this embodiment, the kiln body 41 is disposed obliquely at an angle of 20The front and rear ends of the kiln body 41 are provided with belt pulleys 44, the belt pulleys 44 are arranged on supporting wheels 45, and the position of the kiln body 41 close to the belt pulleys 44 at the front end is provided with a driven wheelThe movable gear 42 and the driven gear 42 are meshed with a driving gear 43 below the kiln body 41, the power motor drives the driving gear 43 to rotate, the driven gear 42 is driven to rotate, and the driven gear 42 carries the kiln body 41 to rotate.
The concrete steps of cooling the materials are as follows:
s1, the feeding hopper lifter 10 transports the material to a position higher than the powder flow cooler 20, and then the material enters the feeding bin 200 of the powder flow cooler 20 through the feeding chute 100 at the top end of the feeding hopper lifter 10.
S2, the filtering screen 12 in the feeding bin 200 filters the material, as shown in fig. 1, and the turning plate 13 is attached to the inner wall of the discharging chute 14. If the height of the large-particle materials filtered by the filtering screen 12 is larger than the height of the discharging chute 14, the large-particle materials are conveyed to the next-stage cleaning mechanism through the short-circuit bucket elevator 11.
If the powder flow cooler 20 is in a cleaning state, the turning plate 13 can be closed for continuous operation, as shown in fig. 2, so that the material directly enters the next process through the discharging chute 14 without passing through the filtering screen 12, and the operation time of the system is prolonged.
S3, the material entering the feeding bin 200 sequentially passes through the first heat exchange plate group 201, the second heat exchange plate group 202 and the third heat exchange plate group 203. At the same time, the coolant in the condensate tank 21 flows into the heat exchanger 22 by the cooling water pump. At this time, the cooling water in the cooling water tower 23 also enters the heat exchanger 22, the two parts of liquid do not meet, the temperature of the coolant is reduced through heat transfer, the coolant with the reduced temperature enters the third heat exchange plate group 203, then flows through the second heat exchange plate group 202 and the first heat exchange plate group 201 in sequence, and the coolant flows back to the condensate tank 21 from the first heat exchange plate group 201, so that primary circulation is completed. The cooled material passes through the blanking device 204 and enters the next working procedure.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the material from dewing, deliquescing, caking in heat exchange plate group, dry air is introduced to each heat exchange plate group. Outside air firstly passes through the air dehumidifier 25, and then enters into each heat exchange plate group through the dry air fan 24, can take away the moisture in the material, prevents that the material from dewing, deliquescing, caking in the heat exchange plate group.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the coolant may also be increased by adding temperature supplementing water to each heat exchange plate group, so that the temperature of the coolant is greater than the dew point value of the material, and the material is prevented from dewing, deliquescing and caking in the heat exchange plate groups.
As shown in fig. 14a and 14B, a denotes the height of the downer 204, B denotes the height at which the top of the third heat exchange plate group 203 is located, C denotes the height at which the top of the second heat exchange plate group 202 is located, and D denotes the height at which the top of the first heat exchange plate group 201 is located. The dew point value of the material increases from the third heat exchange plate set 203 at the bottom end to the first heat exchange plate set 201 at the top end.
As shown in fig. 14b, the high nitrogen product material dew point and coolant temperature intersect in region C, i.e., at second heat exchanger plate set 202, where the temperature of the desalinated water is lower than the material dew point, and the material flows through the dew point, deliquescing and agglomerating. In order to avoid the phenomenon, the temperature of the coolant needs to be increased to be higher than the dew point value, but the high-nitrogen product contains less heat and is not enough to support the coolant to absorb heat and increase the temperature to be higher than the dew point value.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the coolant is increased by adding temperature make-up water to the first heat exchange plate group 201 and the second heat exchange plate group 202, so that the temperature of the coolant is higher than the dew point value of the material. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the second temperature sensor 2020 at the outlet of the second heat exchange plate set 202 detects the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the second heat exchange plate set 202 and transmits the signal to the second regulating valve 2021, and if the temperature of the coolant is lower than the dew point value of the material, the second regulating valve 2021 is opened, and the liquid in the condensate tank 21 is directly conveyed to the inlet of the second heat exchange plate set 202 through the heat supplementing pipeline. Since this portion of liquid does not transfer heat with the liquid in the cooling water tower 23, so that the temperature of the liquid in the concurrent heating pipeline is higher than the temperature of the coolant in the second heat exchange plate group 202, the temperature of the coolant can be raised so that the temperature of the coolant is higher than the dew point value of the material.
The above steps are repeated to adjust the temperature of the coolant in the first heat exchange plate group 201.
And S4, the cooled material enters the storage hopper 30 through the blanking device 204 and then enters the discharge hopper lifter 40, and the discharge hopper lifter 40 conveys the material into the kiln body 41.
And S5, the kiln body 41 rotates continuously, and the materials are conveyed to a warehouse.
As shown in table 1, the model numbers of the respective components are given.
TABLE 1
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a material cooling system based on powder flows cooler which characterized in that: the material cooling system comprises a powder flow cooler (20) and a coolant temperature adjusting mechanism, wherein the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism is used for preventing the temperature of a coolant in the powder flow cooler (20) from being lower than the dew point value of a material, so that the material is prevented from being abnormal, and the abnormal phenomena at least comprise dewing, deliquescence and agglomeration.
2. The material cooling system of claim 1, wherein: the powder flow cooler (20) comprises a plurality of heat exchange plate groups which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom; the coolant temperature adjusting mechanism comprises a heat exchanger (22), a cooling water tower (23), a heat supplementing unit and a condensate tank (21) used for providing coolant for a cooling system, wherein the condensate tank (21) is communicated with the heat exchanger (22), the heat exchanger (22) is communicated with a coolant inlet of a bottom heat exchange plate group, the coolant flowing out of the heat exchanger (22) sequentially flows upwards from the bottom heat exchange plate group to each heat exchange plate group, and flows back to the condensate tank (21) from a coolant outlet of a top heat exchange plate group; the cooling water tower (23) is used for regulating and controlling the temperature of the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger (22), and the temperature of the coolant flowing to the heat exchanger (22) from the condensate tank (21) is higher than the temperature of the liquid flowing to the heat exchanger (22) from the cooling water tower (23);
the heat supplementing unit is communicated with the coolant inlet of the heat exchange plate group and used for increasing the temperature of the coolant flowing into the heat exchange plate group, so that the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange plate group is higher than the dew point value of the material.
3. The material cooling system of claim 2, wherein: the heat supplementing unit comprises a heat supplementing pipeline (26) used for communicating the condensate tank (21) with the heat exchange plate group, a temperature sensor arranged on the heat exchange plate group, and an adjusting valve arranged on the heat supplementing pipeline (26), wherein the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the adjusting valve;
the temperature sensor collects the temperature of the coolant of the heat exchange plate group, if the temperature of the coolant of the heat exchange plate group collected by the temperature sensor is lower than a set temperature value, the regulating valve on the heat supplementing pipeline (26) is opened, temperature supplementing water is conveyed to the heat exchange plate group, and the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange plate group is increased.
4. The material cooling system of claim 3, wherein: the number of the heat exchange plate groups is three, and the heat exchange plate groups are respectively a first heat exchange plate group (201), a second heat exchange plate group (202) and a third heat exchange plate group (203) from top to bottom; the material cooling system also comprises a dry air supplementing mechanism which is used for conveying dry air to the interiors of the first heat exchange plate group (201), the second heat exchange plate group (202) and the third heat exchange plate group (203) so as to absorb moisture contained in the material; the heat supplementing pipeline (26) is connected with two branch pipes which are a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe respectively, wherein the second branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group (202), and the first branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group (201); the temperature sensors comprise a second temperature sensor (2020) arranged at a coolant outlet of the second heat exchange plate group (202), and a first temperature sensor (2010) arranged at a coolant outlet of the first heat exchange plate group (201); the regulating valves comprise a second regulating valve (2021) arranged on the second branch pipe and a first regulating valve (2011) arranged on the first branch pipe, the first temperature sensor (2010) is electrically connected with the first regulating valve (2011), and the second regulating valve (2021) is electrically connected with the second temperature sensor (2020).
5. The material cooling system of claim 4, wherein: a second refrigerant circulation pipe (2022) is connected between the coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group (203) and the coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group (202), and a first refrigerant circulation pipe (2012) is connected between the coolant outlet of the second heat exchange plate group (202) and the coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group (201);
the first branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the first heat exchange plate group (201) through a first refrigerant circulating pipe (2012), and the second branch pipe is communicated with a coolant inlet of the second heat exchange plate group (202) through a second refrigerant circulating pipe (2022);
the first refrigerant circulating pipe (2012) and the second refrigerant circulating pipe (2022) are respectively provided with a one-way valve for preventing the temperature supplementing water conveyed by the heat supplementing pipeline (26) to the first heat exchange plate group (201) from flowing backwards to the second heat exchange plate group (202) and preventing the temperature supplementing water conveyed by the heat supplementing pipeline (26) to the second heat exchange plate group (202) from flowing backwards to the third heat exchange plate group (203).
6. The material cooling system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the outlet of the third heat exchange plate group (203) is close to the lower end of the third heat exchange plate group, and the inlet of the third heat exchange plate group (203) is close to the upper end of the third heat exchange plate group.
7. The material cooling system of claim 4, wherein: the dry air supplementing mechanism comprises a dry air fan (24) and an air dehumidifier (25), external air enters the dry air fan (24) after moisture is removed through the air dehumidifier (25), and the dry air fan (24) conveys the dry air to each heat exchange plate group.
8. The material cooling system of claim 6, wherein: and a third temperature sensor (2030) is arranged at a coolant outlet of the third heat exchange plate group (203), a third regulating valve (2031) is arranged at a first inlet of the heat exchanger (22), and the third temperature sensor (2030) is electrically connected with the third regulating valve (2031) and is used for setting the flow of the coolant of the whole powder flow cooling system by detecting the temperature of the coolant in the third heat exchange plate group (203).
9. The material cooling system of claim 4, wherein: the material cooling system also comprises an automatic material control mechanism, wherein the automatic material control mechanism comprises a material level transmitter (2001), a material level transmitter (2002) electrically connected with the material level transmitter (2001) and a material level controller electrically connected with the material level transmitter (2002); the upper end of the first heat exchange plate group (201) is provided with a feeding bin (200), the material level transmitter (2001) is arranged above the feeding bin (200), the lower end of the third heat exchange plate group (203) is provided with a discharging device (204), the discharging device (204) is provided with an actuator, and the material level controller is electrically connected with an electromagnetic valve of the actuator.
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