CN110701287B

CN110701287B - Marine gear box oil sump lubricating system

Info

Publication number: CN110701287B
Application number: CN201910744797.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱发新; 董良雄; 王伟军; 张建伟; 邓佳佳; 王帅军; 郭澔楠
Original assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Current assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Priority date: 2019-08-13
Filing date: 2019-08-13
Publication date: 2022-04-22
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-13
Also published as: CN110701287A

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system.A liquid level sensor is arranged on a gearbox, and a control module is arranged outside the gearbox to control the liquid level height of an oil sump; an oil injection driving gear is arranged in the gear box, and the oil bag can be driven to spray lubricating oil to the gear to lubricate the gear during high-speed rotation. Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the liquid level height of the oil pool can be adjusted according to the rotating speed of the gear; (2) the influence on the power of the gearbox caused by the overhigh oil pool of the gearbox is avoided; (3) the automatic adaptation gear is too high rotational speed and is carried out the oil spout, reduces the lubricating oil pond stirring degree, reduces the oil temperature.

Description

Marine gear box oil sump lubricating system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gearbox, in particular to a marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system.

Background

The lubrication of a typical closed gear transmission depends on the magnitude of the peripheral speed v of the gear. When v is less than or equal to 12m/s, an oil pool is mostly adopted for lubrication, the large gear is immersed into the oil pool for a certain depth, and the lubricating oil is brought to a meshing area when the gear runs and is thrown onto the box wall to dissipate heat. When v is larger, the depth of immersion is about one tooth height; when v is small, such as v = 0.5-0.8 m/s, the immersion depth can reach 1/6 of the gear radius. In multi-stage gear transmission, when the diameters of a plurality of large gears are not equal, an idler gear can be used for dipping oil for lubrication. The oil level change of the lubricating oil in the gear box caused by the reasons of ship sloshing, lubricating oil leakage, oil gas generated by the evaporation of the lubricating oil from the ventilation port, residue discharge, overlong working time, emulsification caused by oil stirring and the like can generate some adverse effects.

When v is more than or equal to 12m/s, oil pool lubrication is not suitable, because the circumferential speed is too high, most of oil on the gear is thrown out and cannot reach a meshing area; the oil stirring is too violent, so that the oil temperature is increased, and the quality of the lubricating oil is influenced; the stirred up deposits may accelerate gear wear. Oil-jet lubrication is therefore preferably used when the circumferential speed v is greater than or equal to 12 m/s.

For example, a "combined lubrication gear box" disclosed in chinese patent document, whose publication number is CN101413578B, an input shaft of the gear box is connected with a driving gear, an output shaft is fixedly connected with a driven gear, the box body is formed by an upper box body and a lower box body which are connected in a matching manner and divided into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, the input shaft enters the box body from the third cavity, the driven gear is engaged with the driving gear in the first cavity, two ends of the output shaft are respectively penetrated out of the box body by the first cavity and the second cavity and then are respectively fixedly connected with a transmission member, a communication hole is provided between the first cavity and the second cavity, the third cavity is communicated with the first cavity through an oil groove located at a split surface, a radial plunger oil transfer pump is installed at the bottom of the second cavity, an eccentric member for driving the radial plunger oil transfer pump is fixed on a driven axle passing through the second cavity, and an oil outlet of the radial plunger oil transfer pump leads to a part to be lubricated.

Although the first cavity and the second cavity of the patent have less lubricating oil, the first cavity and the second cavity still infiltrate the whole gear, and oil stirring is too violent during high-speed rotation, so that the oil temperature is increased, and the quality of the lubricating oil is influenced; the stirred sediment can accelerate the abrasion of the gear, and the resistance of the lubricating oil is increased during high-speed movement, thereby seriously affecting the performance of the gear box and increasing the energy consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system for overcoming the problem of incomplete lubrication of a gearbox in the prior art under high-speed work, which automatically adjusts the height of an oil level in the gearbox; when the gear rotates at a high speed, a lubricating mode of oil injection along with the rotation speed of the gear is provided, so that the power of the gear is not influenced by a lubricating oil pool when the gear rotates at a high speed, and the oil temperature is not increased and the quality of the lubricating oil is not influenced due to excessive oil stirring.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system comprises a gearbox, wherein a liquid level sensor is arranged on the gearbox, and a control module is arranged outside the gearbox and used for controlling the liquid level height of an oil sump; a driving wheel and a driven wheel are arranged in the gear box, the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel, and an oil injection driving gear is additionally arranged on one side of the driving wheel; a fulcrum rotating shaft is arranged on the side wall of the gear box on the left side of the oil injection driving gear; the fulcrum rotating shaft is connected with the extrusion arm, and the extrusion arm is connected with the oil injection driving gear in a sliding manner; one end of the extrusion arm is hinged with the side wall of the gear box through a fulcrum rotating shaft, and an oil bag bracket are arranged below the other end of the extrusion arm; one end of the oil bag is provided with an oil suction pipe, and the other end is provided with an oil nozzle and an oil spraying pipe. When the rotating speed of the gear is too high, most of oil on the gear is thrown away, so that a meshing area cannot be reached, the lubricating effect of the gear is influenced, and the gear is accelerated to wear. The rotating speed of the gear is too high, and the lubricating oil at the bottom of the gear box is stirred violently, so that the lubricating oil is easy to emulsify and deteriorate, and the service life of the lubricating oil is influenced. Oil-jet lubrication is therefore preferably used when the circumferential speed v is greater than or equal to 12 m/s. A gear for driving the oil jet is therefore arranged in the gearbox. The circular motion of the gear is converted into reciprocating translational motion and is controlled by the rotating speed of the gear, and the higher the rotating speed of the gear is, the stronger the reciprocating translational motion is; otherwise the reciprocating translational motion is gentler. The oil injection driving gear drives the sliding block to rotate, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove along the movement of the extrusion arm, and the oil bag is extruded by the movement of the sliding block perpendicular to the direction of the extrusion arm, so that oil injection is carried out.

Preferably, the control module comprises a liquid level sensor and a PLC control module, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected with the PLC control module; the PLC control module is electrically connected with the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve; the gear box is connected with an oil way of the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve; a one-way valve is arranged between the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the oil pump, and the other end of the oil pump is connected with an oil way of the oil tank; the one-way valve is connected with an oil way of the overflow valve; the overflow valve is connected with an oil way of the unloading two-position two-way electromagnetic valve. The oil tank and the gear box are filled with lubricating oil, and the oil tank can supplement the lubricating oil for the gear box and can also recycle redundant lubricating oil of the gear box. The height of the lubricating oil liquid level of the gear box is sensed through the liquid level sensor, a signal is sent to the PLC control module, the PLC control module controls the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the oil draining two-position two-way electromagnetic valve to act according to the sent signal, and different two-position two-way electromagnetic valves act to achieve oil supplementing or oil draining of the gear box.

Preferably, the slide on the oil injection drive gear is located close to the edge. The oil injection driving gear drives the sliding block to rotate, the sliding block slides in the sliding groove along the direction of the extrusion arm, and the oil pocket is extruded by the movement perpendicular to the direction of the extrusion arm, so that the circumferential speed of the sliding block is larger as the position of the sliding block is closer to the edge, and the extrusion distance is larger.

Preferably, the oil bag is oval, and the contact end of the pressing arm and the oil bag is a curved surface matched with the shape of the oil bag. The end of the extrusion arm is designed into an elliptical curved surface so as to better wrap the oil bag, so that the oil bag cannot lose position and be unstable due to the action of force during extrusion.

Preferably, the contact end of the oil bag bracket and the oil bag is a curved surface matched with the elliptic oil bag. The top of the oil sac bracket is designed into an elliptical curved surface so as to better wrap the oil sac, so that the oil sac cannot be out of position and unstable due to the action of force during extrusion.

Preferably, the extrusion arm is provided with a sliding groove, the oil injection driving gear is provided with a sliding block, the sliding block is hinged with the oil injection driving gear, and the sliding block is matched with the sliding groove. The sliding block can rotate along with the oil injection driving gear, can slide in the sliding groove and can move in the vertical direction when rotating, so that the extrusion arm can swing to extrude the oil bag.

Preferably, a fuel injection pipe support for supporting the fuel injection pipe is arranged on the side wall of the gear box at the fuel injection pipe. The oil spraying pipe is longer, and the bending angle of the position and the pipe orifice of the oil spraying pipe is related to the lubricating efficiency, so that the oil spraying pipe support is arranged to enable the oil spraying pipe to keep a certain position and pipe orifice angle.

Preferably, the upper end of the oil spraying pipe is bent towards the meshing part of the driving wheel and the driven wheel. Lubricating oil in the oil bag is limited, and the lubricating oil in the oil bag can not be extruded out at every extrusion, so that the nozzle of the oil spraying pipe faces to the meshing position of the gears, the lubrication is performed at the maximum efficiency, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel can be lubricated together.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the liquid level height of the oil pool can be adjusted according to the rotating speed of the gear; (2) the influence on the power of the gearbox caused by the overhigh oil pool of the gearbox is avoided; (3) the automatic adaptation gear is too high rotational speed and is carried out the oil spout, reduces the lubricating oil pond stirring degree, reduces the oil temperature.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the gearbox configuration of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.

The automatic oil-filling device comprises a gear box 1, a driving wheel 2, a driven wheel 3, an oil-injection driving gear 4, a fulcrum rotating shaft 5, a sliding block 6, a sliding chute 7, a squeezing arm 8, an oil bag 9, an oil bag 10, an oil bag support 11, an oil suction pipe 12, an oil nozzle 13, an oil injection pipe 14, an oil injection pipe support 15, an oil pool 16, an oil tank 17, an oil pump 18, an impurity filter 19, an overflow valve 19, an unloading two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 20, a check valve 21, a liquid level sensor 22, an oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 23, an oil draining two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24 and a PLC control module 25.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

Example (b):

in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system comprises a gearbox 1, wherein a liquid level sensor 22 is arranged on the gearbox 1, the liquid level sensor 22 adopts a piezoresistive strain principle, and a core component resistance strain gauge of the marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system is a sensitive device for converting strain change on a measured piece into an electric signal. A control module is arranged outside the gear box 1 to control the liquid level of the oil pool; a driving wheel 2 and a driven wheel 3 are arranged in the gear box 1, the driving wheel 2 is meshed with the driven wheel 3, and an oil injection driving gear 4 is additionally arranged on one side of the driving wheel 2; a fulcrum rotating shaft 5 is arranged on the side wall of the gear box 1 on the left side of the oil injection driving gear 4; the fulcrum rotating shaft 5 is connected with the extrusion arm 8, and the extrusion arm 8 is provided with a sliding groove 7; the oil injection driving gear 4 is provided with a slide block 6, the slide block 6 is hinged with the oil injection driving gear 4, and the slide block 6 is matched with the sliding groove 7; one end of the extrusion arm 8 is hinged with the side wall of the gear box 1 through a fulcrum rotating shaft 5, and an oil bag 9 and an oil bag bracket 10 are arranged below the other end of the extrusion arm; one end of the oil bag 9 is provided with an oil suction pipe 11, and the other end is provided with an oil nozzle 12 and an oil spraying pipe 13. When the slide block 6 rotates to the bottom of the oil injection driving gear 4, the extrusion arm 8 extrudes the oil bag 9 to the position with maximum deformation. At the next moment, the slide 6 will move upwards, the pressing arm 8 also moves upwards, and the oil bag 9 recovers its shape, at which time the oil bag 9 sucks oil from the oil sump through the oil suction pipe 11. When the slide block 6 rotates to the top of the oil injection driving gear 4, the oil pocket 9 is restored to be oval, and certain lubricating oil is sucked into the oil pocket 9. At the next moment, the slide block 6 will move downwards, and the extrusion arm 8 is driven to extrude the oil bag 9 downwards. The oil bag 9 is squeezed to spray lubricating oil from the oil spraying pipe 13 and fall into the meshing area of the driving wheel 2 and the driven wheel 3. The higher the gear rotating speed, the higher the extrusion speed, the higher the lubricating oil spraying speed, and the better the lubricating effect.

The control module comprises a liquid level sensor 22 and a PLC control module 25, and the liquid level sensor 22 is electrically connected with the PLC control module 25; the PLC control module 25 is electrically connected with the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 23 and the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24; the gear box 1 is connected with an oil way of an oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 23 and an oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24; a one-way valve 21 is arranged between the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 23 and the oil pump 17, and the other end of the oil pump 17 is connected with an oil way of the oil tank 16; the check valve 21 is connected with the overflow valve 19 through an oil way; the overflow valve 19 is connected to an oil passage of an unloading two-position two-way solenoid valve 20.

The working principle is as follows,

1) when the oil level in the gear box is too high:

the liquid level sensor 22 senses that the oil level is too high, the PLC control module 25 controls the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24 to be electrified, the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24 is opened to the right position to be communicated with an oil way, and oil flows out of the gear box 1 and returns to the oil tank 16 through the impurity filter 18. When the oil level in the gear box is detected to return to the normal height, the PLC control module 25 controls the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24 to be powered off, and the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 24 is opened to the left to disconnect an oil way.

2) When the oil level in the gear box is too low:

the liquid level sensor 22 senses that the liquid level is too low, the PLC control module 25 starts the oil pump 17 and controls the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 23 to be electrified and communicated with an oil way, and oil flows out of the oil tank 16 under the driving of the oil pump 17 and flows into the gear box 1. A level sensor 22 in the gearbox 1 senses that the lubricating oil level returns to normal. The PLC control module 25 controls the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 23 to cut off the oil way when power is off.

Claims

1. A marine gearbox oil sump lubricating system comprises a gearbox (1), wherein a liquid level sensor (22) is arranged on the gearbox (1), and a control module is arranged outside the gearbox (1) and used for controlling the liquid level of an oil sump; a driving wheel (2) and a driven wheel (3) are arranged in the gear box (1), the driving wheel (2) is meshed with the driven wheel (3), and the gear box is characterized in that an oil injection driving gear (4) is additionally arranged on one side of the driving wheel (2); a fulcrum rotating shaft (5) is arranged on the side wall of the gear box (1) on the left side of the oil injection driving gear (4); the fulcrum rotating shaft (5) is connected with the extrusion arm (8), and the extrusion arm (8) is connected with the oil injection driving gear (4) in a sliding manner; one end of the extrusion arm (8) is hinged with the side wall of the gear box (1) through a fulcrum rotating shaft (5), and an oil bag (9) and an oil bag bracket (10) are arranged below the other end; an oil suction pipe (11) is arranged at one end of the oil bag (9), an oil nozzle (12) and an oil spraying pipe (13) are arranged at the other end of the oil bag, a sliding groove (7) is formed in the extrusion arm (8), a sliding block (6) is arranged on the oil spraying driving gear (4), the sliding block (6) is hinged to the oil spraying driving gear (4), and the sliding block (6) is matched with the sliding groove (7).

2. The marine gearbox oil sump lubrication system as defined in claim 1, wherein the control module comprises a liquid level sensor (22) and a PLC control module (25), the liquid level sensor (22) and the PLC control module (25) being electrically connected; the PLC control module (25) is electrically connected with the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (23) and the oil drainage two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (24); the gear box (1) is connected with an oil way of an oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (23) and an oil draining two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (24); a one-way valve (21) is arranged between the oil supplementing two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (23) and the oil pump (17), and the other end of the oil pump (17) is connected with an oil way of the oil tank (16); the check valve (21) is connected with the oil path of the overflow valve (19); the overflow valve (19) is connected with an oil path of the unloading two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (20).

3. The marine gearbox oil sump lubrication system as defined in claim 1, wherein the slide block (6) on the oil injection driving gear (4) is located near the edge of the oil injection driving gear (4).

4. The marine gearbox oil sump lubrication system as defined in claim 1, wherein the oil bladder (9) is oval, and the contact end between the pressing arm (8) and the oil bladder (9) is a curved surface adapted to the shape of the oil bladder (9).

5. The marine gearbox oil sump lubrication system as defined in claim 1, wherein the end of the oil sac bracket (10) in contact with the oil sac (9) is a curved surface adapted to the oval oil sac (9).

6. A marine gearbox sump lubrication system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that the side wall of the gearbox (1) where the spray bars (13) are located is provided with spray bar supports (14) supporting the spray bars (13).

7. A lubrication system for a marine gearbox oil sump according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the upper end of the oil injection pipe (13) is bent towards the meshing part of the driving wheel (2) and the driven wheel (3).