CN110699586A - Novel hard pure silver joint coating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel hard pure silver joint coating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110699586A CN110699586A CN201911147858.XA CN201911147858A CN110699586A CN 110699586 A CN110699586 A CN 110699586A CN 201911147858 A CN201911147858 A CN 201911147858A CN 110699586 A CN110699586 A CN 110699586A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel hard pure silver joint coating material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the joint coating material comprises the following alloy components in parts by mass: 1.0-2.0% of antimony, 10-20% of tin, 2.0-5.0% of brass and 60-85% of ytterbium. High-purity silver (the silver content is more than 99.99 percent) and the joint coating material are mixed according to the mass ratio of 99:1 and smelted by using the traditional process, and then the hard pure silver is obtained. The joint coating material of the invention ensures that the silver hardness reaches above 58HV, has good corrosion resistance, and can well meet the use requirements of various silver ornaments, especially jewelry inlaid ornaments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of silver alloy processing, and relates to a novel hard pure silver joint coating material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Silver is used as a noble metal, is popular and widely applied in the ancient times by virtue of the unique bright white color and the physical and chemical properties of the silver. The film has high reflectivity in the whole visible light region and is bright white, which is commonly called silver white. Silver-white has become the most aesthetic color of white metal ornament materials, so silver is also one of the materials of Chinese traditional ornaments which have been important from ancient times to the present.
Silver has good conductivity and ductility, but compared with other noble metal materials, the silver is generally low in hardness and strength, the as-cast hardness is 42HV, the annealed hardness is 25-30HV, abrasion or deformation easily occurs in the wearing process, the inlaying requirement is difficult to meet, the surface is easy to scratch and lose luster, and the use is limited. Particularly, when the pure silver material is used as an inlay carrier, the strength is poor, the support capability is insufficient, various novel styles cannot be made like other noble metals, and the pure silver material is not suitable for the jewelry inlay field. In addition, the pure silver has poor corrosion resistance, is easy to blacken and discolor in air or in special environment, is called as tarnish, greatly reduces the aesthetic effect and reduces the use value.
Therefore, 925 silver ornaments are mainly used as the silver ornament inlaying material in the market, namely the silver content accounts for 92.5 percent, and other components (such as copper, zinc, cadmium and the like) account for 7.5 percent. The alloy can obviously improve the hardness, the strength and the processing performance of the silver ornaments by adjusting and optimizing the component formula, and is widely used for inlaying precious metals in jewelry. In contrast, the pure silver ornaments have limited application fields due to the defects of the pure silver ornaments in performance. The invention mainly aims to develop a pure silver alloy material with higher hardness and strength, improve the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the pure silver alloy material and expand the application field of pure silver ornaments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing silver ornament processing, and provides a novel hard pure silver joint coating material and a preparation method thereof. The pure silver prepared by the joint coating material has higher hardness and strength, greatly improves the oxidation resistance and has great application value. The preparation method reduces the silver refining temperature, saves energy and cost, considers the alloying with silver, makes the alloy components more uniform, and brings great convenience to the process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a novel hard pure silver joint coating material comprises the following alloy components in parts by mass: 1.0-2.0% of antimony, 10-20% of tin, 2.0-5.0% of brass and 60-85% of ytterbium. In the invention, ytterbium is used as a main hardening element, tin is used for reducing the melting point of the repaired mouth alloy and improving the hardness, antimony is used for improving the fluidity, and brass is mainly used for improving the alloying capacity.
Preferably, the joint coating material consists of the following alloy components in percentage by mass: 1.0-2.0% of antimony, 13-18% of tin, 3.0-4.0% of brass and 70-80% of ytterbium.
Preferably, the preparation method of the novel hard pure silver joint coating material comprises the following steps: weighing the following materials in parts by mass: antimony (Sb), tin (Sn), brass and ytterbium are mixed uniformly and then put into a graphite crucible to be subjected to vacuum induction melting under the protection of inert gas. After the materials are melted and evenly blended, cooling, refining and casting into blocky or filiform joint coating materials.
Preferably, in the preparation method, the brass used is alpha brass and the zinc content is 30%.
Preferably, in the preparation method, the inert gas used is argon.
Preferably, in the preparation method, the refining temperature is 1000-1200 ℃. Used for ensuring the complete melting and mixing of the materials.
Preferably, in the preparation method, the temperature reduction and refining is 800-950 ℃ for 60-120 s.
Preferably, in the preparation method, the method further comprises the step of processing the joint coating material into granules or powder, so as to facilitate the ingredients of the subsequent hard pure silver preparation process.
The preparation method of the hard pure silver comprises the following steps: the opening repairing material and high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:99 to 1:99.99, smelting is carried out by using a smelting process, and then the hard pure silver is obtained by casting or casting.
Preferably, the smelting temperature is 900-.
The invention takes ytterbium as a main hardening element, has good hardening effect, takes other elements as auxiliary effects, uses tin to reduce the melting point of the repaired mouth alloy and improve the hardness, uses antimony to improve the fluidity, and uses brass to improve the alloying capacity. The hardness of the hard pure silver obtained by the invention reaches more than 60HV, and the hard pure silver has good corrosion resistance, thereby well meeting the use requirements of various silver jewelry, especially jewelry inlaid ornaments.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Firstly, preparing a hard pure silver joint coating material according to the following mass ratio: 1.0% of antimony, 15% of tin, 4.0% of brass and 80% of ytterbium. Mixing antimony, tin, brass and ytterbium with purity of more than 99.99% in proportion, vacuumizing, charging argon, carrying out vacuum induction melting at 1100 ℃, and melting and uniformly mixing for about 20min to obtain the alloy melt. And then rapidly cooling to 950 ℃ for refining for 80s, and then casting into a prepared iron mold to obtain the repaired mouth alloy material.
After the repaired mouth is made, 1 g of repaired mouth alloy is cut, mixed with 99 g of high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent, smelted and cast by using a traditional smelting method, the smelting temperature is set to be 1000 ℃, and a hard pure silver sample is obtained after water quenching and cooling.
Several pieces of hard pure silver samples are cut from the middle part of the sample, hardness test is carried out, 5 points are randomly selected, and an average value is taken.
Example 2
Firstly, preparing a hard pure silver joint coating material according to the following mass ratio: 1.5% of antimony, 18% of tin, 4.0% of brass and 76% of ytterbium. Mixing antimony, tin, brass, lanthanum and ytterbium with the purity of more than 99.99 percent according to a proportion, vacuumizing, charging argon, carrying out vacuum induction melting at 1050 ℃ for about 20min, and melting and uniformly mixing to obtain an alloy solution. And then rapidly cooling to 900 ℃ for refining for 80s, and then casting into a prepared iron mold to obtain the repaired mouth alloy material.
After the repaired mouth is made, 1 g of repaired mouth alloy is cut, mixed with 99 g of high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent, smelted and cast by using a traditional smelting method, the smelting temperature is set to be 1000 ℃, and a hard pure silver sample is obtained after water quenching and cooling.
Several pieces of hard pure silver samples are cut from the middle part of the sample, hardness test is carried out, 5 points are randomly selected, and an average value is taken.
Example 3
Firstly, preparing a hard pure silver joint coating material according to the following mass ratio: 2.0% of antimony, 20% of tin, 5% of brass and 73% of ytterbium. Mixing antimony, tin, brass, lanthanum and ytterbium with the purity of more than 99.99 percent according to a proportion, vacuumizing, filling argon, carrying out vacuum induction melting at 1100 ℃ for about 20min, and melting and uniformly mixing to obtain an alloy solution. And then rapidly cooling to 900 ℃ for refining for 80s, and then casting into a prepared iron mold to obtain the repaired mouth alloy material.
After the repaired mouth is made, 1 g of repaired mouth alloy is cut, mixed with 99 g of high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent, smelted and cast by using a traditional smelting method, the smelting temperature is set to be 1000 ℃, and a hard pure silver sample is obtained after water quenching and cooling.
Several pieces of hard pure silver samples are cut from the middle part of the sample, hardness test is carried out, 5 points are randomly selected, and an average value is taken.
Example 4
Firstly, preparing a hard pure silver joint coating material according to the following mass ratio: 1.0% of antimony, 15% of tin, 4.0% of brass and 80% of ytterbium. Mixing antimony, tin, brass and ytterbium with purity of more than 99.99% in proportion, vacuumizing, charging argon, carrying out vacuum induction melting at 1100 ℃, and melting and uniformly mixing for about 20min to obtain the alloy melt. And then rapidly cooling to 950 ℃ for refining for 80s, and then casting into a prepared iron mold to obtain the repaired mouth alloy material.
After the repaired mouth is manufactured, 1 g of repaired mouth alloy is cut, mixed with 99 g of high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent, smelted and cast by using a traditional smelting method, the smelting temperature is set to be 1000 ℃, and the hard pure silver sample is obtained by air cooling.
Several pieces of hard pure silver samples are cut from the middle part of the sample, hardness test is carried out, 5 points are randomly selected, and an average value is taken.
Example 5
Firstly, preparing a hard pure silver joint coating material according to the following mass ratio: 1.0% of antimony, 15% of tin, 4.0% of brass and 80% of ytterbium. Mixing antimony, tin, brass and ytterbium with purity of more than 99.99% in proportion, vacuumizing, charging argon, carrying out vacuum induction melting at 1050 ℃, melting for about 20min, and uniformly mixing to obtain an alloy solution. And then rapidly cooling to 900 ℃ for refining for 80s, and then casting into a prepared iron mold to obtain the repaired mouth alloy material.
After the repaired mouth is manufactured, 1 g of repaired mouth alloy is cut, mixed with 99 g of high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent, smelted and cast by using a traditional smelting method, the smelting temperature is set to be 1000 ℃, and the hard pure silver sample is obtained by air cooling.
Several pieces of hard pure silver samples are cut from the middle part of the sample, hardness test is carried out, 5 points are randomly selected, and an average value is taken.
Example 6
100 g of high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99 percent is smelted and cast by using a traditional smelting method, the smelting temperature is set to be 1100 ℃, and a common pure silver sample can be obtained.
Several pieces of the sample are cut from the middle part of the common pure silver sample, hardness test is carried out, 5 points are randomly selected, and the average value is taken.
Test results
The hard foot silver samples obtained in examples 1 to 6 were subjected to hardness test, and the test results are shown in the following table.
| Examples | Hardness 1 | Hardness 2 | Hardness 3 | Hardness 4 | Hardness 5 | Mean value of |
| 1 | 68.2 | 67.4 | 66.5 | 68.0 | 66.9 | 67.4 |
| 2 | 65.8 | 66.2 | 65.5 | 66.0 | 67.2 | 66.1 |
| 3 | 65.4 | 66.2 | 66.0 | 63.8 | 64.6 | 65.2 |
| 4 | 58.8 | 60.4 | 62.1 | 59.4 | 60.9 | 60.3 |
| 5 | 58.5 | 58.2 | 60.4 | 58.7 | 57.6 | 58.7 |
| Common foot silver | 25.1 | 26.2 | 25.4 | 27.1 | 25.8 | 25.9 |
As shown by hardness results of hard foot silver samples obtained in examples 1-6 in the table, the average hardness of the hard foot silver obtained by the invention reaches over 58Hv, which is more than doubled compared with the common foot silver. Ytterbium is a heavy rare earth element, and has a very obvious effect of improving the hardening effect of the joint coating material from the practical effect, and the higher the content of ytterbium in the joint coating is, the higher the hardness of the obtained pure silver sample is. Therefore, for the workpiece needing to improve the strength of the silver ornament, the repaired mouth with higher content of ytterbium can be selected.
In conclusion, the hardness of the hard pure silver obtained by the invention reaches above 58HV, has good corrosion resistance, and can well meet the use requirements of various silver jewelry, especially jewelry inlaid ornaments.
Claims (9)
1. A novel hard pure silver joint coating material is characterized in that: the joint coating material comprises the following alloy components in parts by mass: 1.0-2.0 wt% of antimony, 10-20 wt% of tin, 2.0-5.0 wt% of brass and the balance ytterbium.
2. The method for preparing the novel hard pure silver patching material according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: weighing 1.0-2.0 wt% of antimony, 10-20 wt% of tin, 2.0-5.0 wt% of brass and the balance ytterbium; after being mixed evenly, the mixture is put into a graphite crucible and is subjected to vacuum induction melting under the protection of inert gas. After the materials are melted and evenly blended, cooling, refining and casting into blocky or filiform joint coating materials.
3. The method for preparing a novel hard pure silver patch material according to claim 2, wherein the inert gas is argon.
4. The method for preparing the novel hard pure silver patching material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the refining temperature is 1000-1200 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the novel hard pure silver patching material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature reduction and refining is 800-950 ℃ and the time is 60-180 s.
6. The method for preparing the novel hard pure silver patch material according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises the step of processing the patch material into granules or powder.
7. The preparation method of the hard pure silver is characterized by comprising the following steps: the joint coating material of claim 1 or 2 is mixed with high-purity silver with the silver content of more than 99.99% according to the mass ratio of 1:99 to 1:99.99, the mixture is smelted by using a smelting process, and then the hard pure silver is obtained by casting or casting.
8. The method for preparing hard pure silver according to claim 7, wherein the smelting temperature is 900-1100 ℃.
9. Hard foot silver prepared by the method of claims 7 and 8.
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| CN201911147858.XA CN110699586B (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Hard pure silver joint coating material and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1889930A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2008-02-20 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Silver alloy having excellent reflectivity/transmissivity maintaining characteristics |
| CN102127659A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-07-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for optimizing strength of thousand pure gold jewellery and gold alloy material |
| GB2515403A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | Argentium Internat Ltd | Silver alloy compositions and processes |
| CN106702244A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Hard pure gold joint coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106756383A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of hard pure silver opening-supplementing material and preparation method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-11-21 CN CN201911147858.XA patent/CN110699586B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1889930A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2008-02-20 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Silver alloy having excellent reflectivity/transmissivity maintaining characteristics |
| CN102127659A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-07-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for optimizing strength of thousand pure gold jewellery and gold alloy material |
| GB2515403A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | Argentium Internat Ltd | Silver alloy compositions and processes |
| CN106702244A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Hard pure gold joint coating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106756383A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of hard pure silver opening-supplementing material and preparation method thereof |
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