CN110699122A

CN110699122A - Dust-removing and coke-removing device of biomass gasification furnace

Info

Publication number: CN110699122A
Application number: CN201910952113.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许盈; 范静
Original assignee: Anhui Tongyu Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Tongyu Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2020-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-09
Also published as: CN110699122B

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust-removing and coke-removing device of a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a gasification furnace and a cracking box, the separating box comprises a separating box body and a cyclone separator, wherein a gas outlet of the gasification furnace is communicated with a gas inlet of the separating box body, a partition plate is fixed in the separating box body and divides the separating box body into two separating chambers, a cavity is formed in the partition plate, a first gas inlet pipe is arranged in the cavity, one end of the first gas inlet pipe is communicated with the gas inlet of the separating box body, the other end of the first gas inlet pipe is connected with a first tee joint, the first tee joint is connected with two second gas inlet pipes, the second gas inlet pipes penetrate through the partition plate respectively and extend into the separating chambers, a gas outlet of the separating chamber is connected with the first gas outlet pipe, the first gas outlet pipes extend into the cavity of the partition plate respectively, the two first gas outlet pipes are connected with a second tee joint, the second tee joint is connected with the. The dust and coke removing device of the biomass gasification furnace can realize continuous production and remove tar and dust in time.

Description

Dust-removing and coke-removing device of biomass gasification furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to a decoking device of a gasification furnace, in particular to a dust-removing decoking device of a biomass gasification furnace.

Background

The straw fuel gas produced by the biomass gas furnace belongs to a green new energy source and has strong vitality. The raw materials generated by the plant gas are crop straws, forest and wood wastes, edible fungus residues, cattle, sheep and livestock manure and all combustible substances, so the plant gas is an inexhaustible renewable resource. Each farmer only needs 3-5 kg of plant raw materials every day to solve the problem of whole-day energy utilization (cooking, heating and showering), and the fuel is burnt like liquefied gas, so that the life style of sooting and burning in rural areas in China can be completely changed, and the traditional firewood stove can be completely replaced by the liquefied gas. However, a large amount of tar is carried in the combustible gas generated by the gasification furnace, and the methods for removing tar by the gasification furnace are generally classified into chemical methods and physical methods. At present, tar is mostly catalytically cracked by adopting a catalyst, so that the tar is cracked to generate combustible gas, and the generation amount of the tar is reduced. However, the catalyst is polluted in the cracking process, so that the catalyst needs to be replaced frequently, and the continuous production of combustible gas is influenced. Secondly, the combustible gas contains a lot of dust, and needs to be removed in time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a dust and coke removing device of a biomass gasification furnace, which can realize continuous production and remove tar and dust in time.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a dust and coke removal device of a biomass gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace, a cracking box, a separation box and a cyclone separator, wherein a gas outlet of the gasification furnace is communicated with a gas inlet of the cracking box, a partition plate is fixed in the cracking box and divides the cracking box into two cracking chambers, a cavity is arranged in the partition plate, a first gas inlet pipe is arranged in the cavity, one end of the first gas inlet pipe is communicated with the gas inlet of the cracking box, the other end of the first gas inlet pipe is connected with a first tee joint, the first tee joint is connected with two second gas inlet pipes, the second gas inlet pipes respectively penetrate through the partition plate and extend into the cracking chambers, control valves are respectively arranged on the second gas inlet pipes, a tar catalyst is arranged in the cracking chambers, a gas outlet of the cracking chambers is connected with the first gas outlet pipe, one outlet pipe respectively extends into the cavity of the partition plate, and the first two, the second three-way joint is connected with the second air outlet pipe, the second air outlet pipe extends out of the cracking box and is communicated with an air inlet of the separation box, a cooling mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the separation box, and an air outlet of the separation box is connected with the cyclone separator.

Preferably, horizontal baffle plates are uniformly arranged in the cracking chamber, the horizontal baffle plates on the inner walls of two sides of the cracking chamber are arranged at intervals, a storage box is vertically arranged in the cracking chamber, the tar catalyst is arranged in the storage box, the storage box penetrates through the horizontal baffle plates, two ends of the storage box respectively extend out of the cracking box and are respectively provided with an end cover, and vent holes are uniformly formed in the outer wall of the storage box.

Preferably, the outer wall of the cracking box is provided with a heat-insulating layer, and a heating block is fixed in the agent storage box.

Preferably, vertical baffle plates are uniformly arranged in the separation box, and the vertical baffle plates are arranged at intervals.

Preferably, the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling water pipe wound around an outer wall of the separation tank.

Preferably, an oil outlet is arranged at the bottom of the separator.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the combustible gas generated from the gasification furnace firstly passes through the cracking box, under the action of the cracking box catalyst and high temperature, tar is cracked into micromolecular combustible gas, the tar content in the gas is greatly reduced, then the tar is liquefied under cooling through the separation box, the tar is dropped at the bottom of the separation box, finally the combustible gas is dedusted through the cyclone separator, and the purified combustible gas enters the next process.

2) Two control chambers are arranged in the cracking box, and the two control chambers are alternately used, so that the production line does not need to be stopped even when the catalyst is replaced, and continuous production is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust and coke removing device of a biomass gasification furnace in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pyrolysis tank in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a separation tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a gasification furnace, 2, a cracking box, 3, a separation box, 4, a cyclone separator, 5, a partition plate, 6, a cracking chamber, 7, a cavity, 8, a first air inlet pipe, 9, a first three-way joint, 10, a second air inlet pipe, 11, a control valve, 12, a first air outlet pipe, 13, a second three-way joint, 14, a second air outlet pipe, 15, a tar catalyst, 16, a horizontal baffle plate, 17, an agent storage box, 18, an end cover, 19, a heating block, 20, a vent hole, 21, a cooling water pipe, 22, a vertical baffle plate, 23, an arc-shaped bottom plate, 24, an oil outlet, 25, a U-shaped liquid seal pipe, 26, a one-way valve, 27 and a drainage.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a dust and coke removing apparatus for a biomass gasification furnace includes a gasification furnace 1, a cracking box 2, a separation box 3, and a cyclone separator 4. The gas outlet of gasifier 1 communicates with the air inlet of pyrolysis tank 2, and pyrolysis tank 2 internal fixation has baffle 5, and baffle 5 divides pyrolysis tank 2 into two cracking chambers 6. Be equipped with cavity 7 in the baffle 5, be equipped with intake pipe 8 in the cavity 7, the one end of intake pipe 8 and the air inlet intercommunication of pyrolysis tank, the other end and the three way connection 9 of intake pipe 8 are connected. The other two connectors of the first tee joint 9 are respectively connected with two air inlet pipes II 10, the two air inlet pipes II 10 respectively penetrate through the partition plate 5 and extend into the two cracking chambers 6, and the air inlet pipes II 10 are respectively provided with a control valve 11. The gas outlet of the cracking chamber 6 is connected with a first gas outlet pipe 12, the first gas outlet pipe 12 extends into the partition board cavity 7, the two first gas outlet pipes 12 are connected with a second three-way connector 13, control valves 11 are arranged on the first gas outlet pipes 12 respectively, the rest interfaces of the second three-way connector 13 are connected with a second gas outlet pipe 14, and the second gas outlet pipe 14 extends out of the cracking box 2 and is communicated with the gas inlet of the separation box 3. A tar catalyst 15 is arranged in the cracking chamber 6, horizontal baffle plates 16 are uniformly arranged in the cracking chamber 6, and the horizontal baffle plates 16 on the inner walls of the two sides of the cracking chamber 6 are arranged at intervals. The vertical storage box 17 that is equipped with in the schizolysis room 6, tar catalyst 15 sets up in storing up agent box 17, stores up agent box 17 and runs through horizontal baffling board 16, and the both ends that store up agent box 17 stretch out schizolysis case 2 respectively and all are equipped with end cover 18, store up agent box 17 internal fixation and have heating block 19, evenly be equipped with air vent 20 on the outer wall of storage agent box 17, be equipped with the heat preservation on the outer wall of schizolysis case 2.

Be equipped with cooling body on the 3 outer walls of separator box, cooling body includes condenser tube 21, and condenser tube 21 twines at 3 outer walls of separator box. Evenly be equipped with vertical baffling board 22 in the separator box 3, vertical baffling board 22 interval sets up, adjacent vertical baffling board 22 promptly, one is fixed in separator box 3 upper end, another one is fixed at separator box 3 lower extreme, fix and be equipped with arc bottom plate 23 between two adjacent vertical baffling boards 22 of separator box 3 lower extreme, all be equipped with oil-out 24 on every arc bottom plate 23, oil-out 24 communicates with U type liquid seal pipe 25 respectively, communicate between two adjacent U type liquid seal pipes 25, be equipped with check valve 26 on every U type liquid seal pipe 25 respectively. 3 inner walls of separator box, vertical baffling board 22 both ends evenly are equipped with drainage plate 27 respectively, and drainage plate 27 slope sets up, and after the tar liquefaction, under drainage plate 27's effect, no longer along separator box 3 or vertical baffling board 22 inner wall drippage, the time that reducible tar stayed on the inner wall to reduce the coking volume, make the tar after the liquefaction directly drip to arc bottom plate 23 along drainage plate 27 on. Preferably, set up the ventilation pipe in vertical baffling board 22, the ventilation pipe is bent to circle the setting in vertical baffling board 22, and the air intake and the air outlet of ventilation pipe stretch out vertical baffling board 22 and set up outside separator box 3, and the ventilation pipe can be used to let in cold air and cool off vertical baffling board 22 in the work, also can be used to let in hot steam when overhauing, conveniently with the tar desorption on the vertical baffling board 22. The air outlet of the separating box 3 is connected with the cyclone separator 4.

The working principle is as follows: and closing a control valve 11 of one of the gas inlet pipes II 10 and one of the gas outlet pipes I12, and enabling the mixed gas generated by the gasification furnace 1 to enter one of the cracking chambers 6 through the gas inlet pipe I8. Catalyst is put into the agent storage box 17 in advance, the heating block 19 is started, the circulation time of the mixed gas in the cracking chamber 6 is increased under the action of the horizontal baffle plate 16, the mixed gas passes through the agent storage box 17 for many times, tar is cracked into micromolecular combustible gas under the action of the catalyst and high temperature, and the conversion rate of the tar in the cracking chamber 6 can reach more than 93%. The mixed gas after passing through the cracking chamber 6 enters the separation box 3 through the first outlet pipe 12 and the second outlet pipe 14. When the catalyst needs to be replaced, the control valves 11 on the corresponding inlet pipe II 10 and outlet pipe I12 are closed, and the control valve 11 corresponding to the other cracking chamber 6 is opened, so that the mixed gas enters the other cracking chamber 6. After the mixed gas enters the separation box 3, the mixed gas passes through the plurality of vertical baffle plates 22, the circulation time of the mixed gas in the separation box 3 can be prolonged, cold air is introduced into the ventilation pipes in the vertical baffle plates 22 to cool the vertical baffle plates 22, then the separation box 3 is cooled by the cooling mechanism to liquefy tar in the mixed gas, most of the tar drops on the arc-shaped bottom plate 23, a small part of the tar is attached to the inner walls of the separation box 3 and the vertical baffle plates 22 and then drops on the arc-shaped bottom plate along the drainage plate 27, a part of the tar can be placed in the U-shaped liquid seal pipe 25 to prevent the mixed gas from being discharged from the U-shaped liquid seal pipe 25, the tar dropping on the arc-shaped bottom plate 23 is discharged through the U-shaped liquid seal pipe 25, the U-shaped liquid seal pipe can be communicated with the gasification furnace and extends into a high-temperature oxidation area of the gasification furnace, so that the tar collected by the separation box, a tar catalyst is added into the gasification furnace to crack tar. After the tar is removed from the mixed gas in the separation box 3, the mixed gas enters the cyclone separator 4, dust is removed by the cyclone separator 4, and then the mixed gas enters the next working procedure.

The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a biomass gasification stove dust removal decoking device which characterized in that: the device comprises a gasification furnace, a cracking box, a separation box and a cyclone separator, wherein a gas outlet of the gasification furnace is communicated with a gas inlet of the cracking box, a partition plate is fixed in the cracking box and divides the cracking box into two cracking chambers, a cavity is arranged in the partition plate, a first gas inlet pipe is arranged in the cavity, one end of the first gas inlet pipe is communicated with the gas inlet of the cracking box, the other end of the first gas inlet pipe is connected with a first three-way connector, the first three-way connector is connected with two gas inlet pipes, the second gas inlet pipes penetrate through the partition plate respectively and extend into the cracking chambers, control valves are arranged on the second gas inlet pipes respectively, tar catalysts are arranged in the cracking chambers, a gas outlet of each cracking chamber is connected with a first gas outlet pipe, the first gas outlet pipes extend into the cavities of the partition plates respectively, the first gas outlet pipes are connected with a, the second air outlet pipe extends out of the cracking box and is communicated with an air inlet of the separation box, a cooling mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the separation box, and an air outlet of the separation box is connected with the cyclone separator.

2. The dust-removing and coke-removing device of the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device comprises a cracking chamber, a tar catalyst, a tar storage box, horizontal baffle plates, end covers and a cracking box, wherein the cracking chamber is internally and uniformly provided with the horizontal baffle plates, the horizontal baffle plates on the inner walls of two sides of the cracking chamber are arranged at intervals, the cracking chamber is internally and vertically provided with the storage box, the tar catalyst is arranged in the storage box, the storage box penetrates through the horizontal baffle plates, two ends of the storage box respectively extend out of the cracking box and are respectively provided with the end covers, and the.

3. The dust-removing and coke-removing device of the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer wall of the cracking box is provided with a heat-insulating layer, and a heating block is fixed in the agent storage box.

4. The dust-removing and coke-removing device of the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: vertical baffle plates are uniformly arranged in the separation box, and the vertical baffle plates are arranged at intervals.

5. The dust-removing and coke-removing device of the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling water pipe, and the cooling water pipe is wound on the outer wall of the separation box.

6. The dust-removing and coke-removing device of the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: an oil outlet is formed in the bottom of the separation box.