CN110695274A - Manufacturing method of blank pressing piece of 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of blank pressing piece of 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN110695274A CN110695274A CN201911187846.XA CN201911187846A CN110695274A CN 110695274 A CN110695274 A CN 110695274A CN 201911187846 A CN201911187846 A CN 201911187846A CN 110695274 A CN110695274 A CN 110695274A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/40—Making machine elements wheels; discs hubs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a blank casting die of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging, which comprises the following steps: step 1) fixing an upper die of a hair pressing die on a lower pressing arm of a press, fixing a lower die of the hair pressing die on a workbench, and aligning the upper die with the lower die; step 2), putting the cylindrical blank into a lower die, wherein the cylindrical blank is made of 2014 aluminum alloy; and 3) moving the upper die towards the lower die to press down, wherein the pressing speed is 1-8 mm/s, the friction coefficient of the blank pressing die and the cylindrical blank in the pressing process is 0.1-0.4, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 400-460 ℃. 2014 aluminum alloy is very sensitive to forging temperature, and whole forging has been avoided being close or surpassed metal overburning temperature at deformation process, and the temperature is in deformation range all the time, through controlling coefficient of friction, controls through the initial forging temperature to cylindrical blank simultaneously, improves product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of aviation precision hub die forgings, in particular to a manufacturing method of a blank casting part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging.
Background
The large airplane is provided with a typical-specification forge piece which is the largest forge piece in the 2014-high aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forge piece: and die forging of half wheel (inboard). The half-wheel (inboard) die forging is a precision die forging and is a disc die forging, the maximum outer hub size of a part is phi 593.3 multiplied by 309.1mm, and the maximum outer contour size of the die forging is phi 616.5 multiplied by 314.2 mm.
The parts inside the half wheel cabin are shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and fig. 1 is a first side view structure schematic diagram of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention; fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging, which is a relatively complex large aluminum alloy forging, the maximum external dimension of the forging is phi 600mm × 310mm, the maximum depth of the cylinder is 240mm, the minimum position of the cylinder wall is only 7.6mm, and the maximum position of the cylinder wall is 16mm, and the forging is a typical deep-cylinder thin-wall part, the basic body of which is a cylinder 12, the upper part of the cylinder 12 is provided with an annular outward extension part 11, an inner concave part is arranged above the outward extension part 11, 9 lugs 14 arranged in an annular manner are arranged at the junction of the inner concave part and the inner wall of the cylinder 12, and the bottom of the cylinder 12 is provided with 9 annular elliptical pits 13, specifically, the part is thin at the bottom of the cylinder, and has 9 uniformly distributed elliptical pits 13 at the same time, and the shape is complex; the upper side of the part is correspondingly provided with 9 lugs 14, and the lugs 14 are high in height, thin in wall thickness, small in inclination and small in vertical projection area, and belong to parts which are difficult to form and easy to have defects.
The half-wheel (inboard) die forging is a precision die forging, namely a disc die forging, and has the advantages of deep cavity, thin wall, high rib, small fillet, more bosses at the inner cavity and the bottom and more complex cavity. The half-wheel (inboard) die forging has a large number of non-machined surfaces, small machining allowance, high surface quality requirement and extremely high dimensional precision requirement; the die forging has deep cavity, high and thin ribs and difficult precision die forging forming; the 2014 alloy is easy to generate coarse grains, and the uniformity of the structure performance is difficult to control; the safety performance requirement of the wheel hub is high, and the comprehensive performance requirement is extremely high. Therefore, the biggest difficulties of the hub die forging are large difficulty in controlling the size and the uniformity of the structure performance.
Therefore, how to provide a manufacturing method of a blank pressing part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging to improve the product quality is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of a blank pressing piece of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging so as to improve the product quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a blank casting part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging comprises the following steps: step 1) fixing an upper die of a hair pressing die on a lower pressing arm of a press, and fixing a lower die of the hair pressing die on a workbench, wherein the upper die and the lower die are arranged in an aligned manner; step 2) putting a cylindrical blank into the lower die, wherein the cylindrical blank is made of 2014 aluminum alloy; and 3) moving the upper die towards the lower die to press down, wherein the pressing speed is 1-8 mm/s, the friction coefficient between the rough pressing die and the cylindrical blank in the pressing process is 0.1-0.4, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 400-460 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 3), when the pressing speed is increased from 1mm/s to 5mm/s, the average temperature of the forged piece is increased from 364 ℃ to 410 ℃, and the forming load is reduced from 1.58wt to 1.45 wt.
Preferably, in the step 3), when the speed is 1mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 356-392 ℃, the temperature of the forging is less than 400 ℃, and the forming load is 1.58 wt; when the temperature is 3mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 372-435 ℃, and the forming load is 1.54 wt; when the temperature is 5mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 380-; when the temperature is 8mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 389-482 ℃, and the forming load is 1.61 wt.
Preferably, in the step 3), the friction coefficient is 0.3.
Preferably, in the step 3), when the friction coefficient is 0.1, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-447 ℃, and the forming load is 1.4 wt; when the friction coefficient is 0.2, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-450 ℃, and the forming load is 1.57 wt; when the friction coefficient is 0.3, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-455 ℃, and the forming load is 1.68 wt; when the friction coefficient is 0.4, the final temperature range of the forging is 374-461 ℃, and the forming load is 2.03 wt.
Preferably, in the step 3), the friction coefficient is controlled by using a lubricating oil.
Preferably, in the step 3), when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 400 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 369-432 ℃, and the forming load is 1.63 wt; when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 420 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 372-435 ℃, and the forming load is 1.54 wt; when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 440 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 374-437 ℃, and the forming load is 1.46 wt; when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 460 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 377-455 ℃, and the forming load is 1.38 wt.
Preferably, the blank size of the cylindrical blank is phi 270 x 450 mm.
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a blank casting part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging, which comprises the following steps: step 1) fixing an upper die of a hair pressing die on a lower pressing arm of a press, and fixing a lower die of the hair pressing die on a workbench, wherein the upper die and the lower die are arranged in an aligned manner; step 2) putting a cylindrical blank into the lower die, wherein the cylindrical blank is made of 2014 aluminum alloy; and 3) moving the upper die towards the lower die to press down, wherein the pressing speed is 1-8 mm/s, the friction coefficient between the rough pressing die and the cylindrical blank in the pressing process is 0.1-0.4, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 400-460 ℃.
The 2014 aluminum alloy is very sensitive to the temperature of the forging, the manufacturing method of the blank forging of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the invention has the advantages that the whole forging is prevented from approaching or exceeding the metal overburning temperature in the deformation process, the temperature is always in the deformation range, and meanwhile, the friction coefficient is controlled, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is controlled, so that the product quality is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view structure diagram of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second side view structural schematic diagram of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical blank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blank pressing part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a blank pressing piece of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the press speed versus forming load provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the press speed and the average forging temperature provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the friction factor and the forming load according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the friction factor and the average temperature of the forging according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a corresponding schematic illustration of the forge starting temperature and forming load provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a corresponding schematic diagram of the forging initiation temperature and the average temperature of the forging piece according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the above FIGS. 1-11:
cylindrical blank 1, epitaxial portion 11, barrel 12, oval pit 13, lug 14, blank 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3 to 11, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical blank according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blank pressing part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a blank pressing piece of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the press speed versus forming load provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the press speed and the average forging temperature provided by the embodiment of the invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the friction factor and the forming load according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the friction factor and the average temperature of the forging according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a corresponding schematic illustration of the forge starting temperature and forming load provided by an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a corresponding schematic diagram of the forging initiation temperature and the average temperature of the forging piece according to the embodiment of the invention.
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a blank casting part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging, which comprises the following steps: step 1) fixing an upper die of a hair pressing die on a lower pressing arm of a press, fixing a lower die of the hair pressing die on a workbench, and aligning the upper die with the lower die; step 2), putting the cylindrical blank 1 into a lower die, wherein the cylindrical blank 1 is made of 2014 aluminum alloy; and 3) moving the upper die towards the lower die to press down, wherein the pressing speed is 1-8 mm/s, the friction coefficient between the blank pressing die and the cylindrical blank 1 in the pressing process is 0.1-0.4, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank 1 is 400-460 ℃.
The 2014 aluminum alloy is very sensitive to the temperature of the forging, the manufacturing method of the blank forging of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the invention has the advantages that the whole forging is prevented from approaching or exceeding the metal overburning temperature in the deformation process, the temperature is always in the deformation range, and meanwhile, the friction coefficient is controlled, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is controlled, so that the product quality is improved.
Specifically, in the step 3), when the pressing speed is increased from 1mm/s to 5mm/s, the average temperature of the forged piece is increased from 364 ℃ to 410 ℃, and the forming load is reduced from 1.58wt to 1.45 wt. When the speed is 1mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 356-392 ℃, the temperature of the forging is less than 400 ℃, and the forming load is 1.58 wt. When the temperature is 3mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 372-435 ℃, and the forming load is 1.54 wt. When the temperature is 5mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 380-. When the temperature is 8mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 389-482 ℃, and the forming load is 1.61 wt.
Preferably, in step 3), the coefficient of friction is 0.3. Specifically, in the step 3), when the friction coefficient is 0.1, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-447 ℃, and the forming load is 1.4 wt. When the friction coefficient is 0.2, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-450 ℃, and the forming load is 1.57 wt. When the friction coefficient is 0.3, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-455 ℃, and the forming load is 1.68 wt. When the friction coefficient is 0.4, the final temperature range of the forging is 374-461 ℃, and the forming load is 2.03 wt.
Specifically, in the step 3), when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank 1 is 400 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 369-. When the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank 1 is 420 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 372-435 ℃, and the forming load is 1.54 wt. When the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank 1 is 440 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 374-437 ℃, and the forming load is 1.46 wt. When the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank 1 is 460 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 377-455 ℃, and the forming load is 1.38 wt.
Specifically, the blank size of the cylindrical blank 1 is 270X 450 mm. As shown in fig. 3. In the step 3), the friction coefficient is controlled by adopting lubricating oil.
The final produced blank pressing piece 2 by the method for manufacturing the blank pressing piece of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 4 and 5.
In the actual production process of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging, not only is the structure and the shape of a blank required to be optimized, but also a better blank shape is obtained through multiple cycles of steps of design, simulation, analysis, optimal design, re-simulation and re-optimization, and the forming influence result is multifactor, besides the shape of the blank, the influence of technological parameters in the forging process is also great, and the technological parameters comprise the speed of a press, friction factors, the temperature of the blank and the like. When the blank shape is determined, the filling effect and the defect condition of the forge piece during forming are mostly determined. However, the forming load, the temperature range of the forging and the like need to be determined by the process parameters. The forming load is too large, the temperature of the forge piece is too high, and the forming load and the temperature play an important role in the final forming of the forge piece and the qualification of the forge piece. Since the blank pressing process is the stage of the largest deformation in the whole forming process, the influence of different process parameters (mainly forming load and temperature) on the forming quality is described by taking the process as an example.
For example, the influence of the press speed on the forming load is taken as an example of the blank pressing, the pressing speed of the press for the blank pressing is only changed under the condition that other structural parameters (the same blank and the same blank pressing die) and technological parameters (blank grids, initial forging temperature, friction type and numerical value) are not changed, the forming load and the forging temperature corresponding to different pressing speeds are obtained, and the influence of the pressing speed on the forming load and the forging temperature of the blank pressing is analyzed. As shown in table 1, table 1 is a table of the control variation of the forming load and the forging temperature with the pressing speed.
TABLE 1 Table of the temperature variation with the pressing speed of the forming load and the forging
| Pressing speed (mm/s) | Shaped load (wt) | Temperature (. degree.C.) | Temperature range (. degree.C.) |
| 1 | 1.58 | 364 | 356-392 |
| 3 | 1.54 | 393 | 372-435 |
| 5 | 1.45 | 410 | 380-457 |
| 8 | 1.61 | 424 | 389-482 |
For a metal material, the deformation resistance of the metal material mostly increases with the increase of the deformation speed at a certain temperature, and the deformation resistance of the material decreases with the increase of the temperature at a certain deformation speed. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, it can be seen that as the press speed gradually increases, the forming load of the forging shows a tendency to decrease first and then increase. This is the combined effect of the deformation resistance of the material varying with the deformation speed and with the deformation temperature. When the speed is increased from 1mm/s to 5mm/s, the average temperature of the forging is increased from 364 ℃ to 410 ℃, and the forming load is reduced from 1.58wt to 1.45 t. At this stage, the increase of the forming speed can lead to the shortening of the whole deformation time, the reduction of the heat exchange time between the forging and the die and the delay of the material deformation heat (the faster the speed, the more the heat), so that the whole average temperature of the forging is increased along with the increase of the deformation speed.
While an increase in the forming speed leads to an increase in the resistance of the material to deformation due to the work hardening effect of the material. And the load reduction degree caused by the heat effect of the material at the stage is larger than the load increase caused by the speed effect of the material, and the whole forming process shows the condition that the forming load is reduced along with the increase of the speed. When the speed is increased from 5mm/s to 8mm/s, the speed effect of the material is greater than the thermal effect thereof due to the greater forming speed at this stage, resulting in the overall situation being reversed from before, resulting in an increase in the forming load. It is shown that in the low-speed forming stage, the sensitivity of 2014 aluminum alloy to the deformation speed is less than the forging temperature, that is, in this stage, 2014 aluminum alloy is more sensitive to the forging temperature.
As can be seen from FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and Table 1, when the speed is 1mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 356-; when the temperature is 8mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 389-482 ℃, the highest temperature exceeds or is close to the metal overburning temperature, and although the highest temperature is at the flash of the forging, the forging still has overburning risks. Therefore, when the press speed is more than 8mm/s or less than 1mm/s, the molding is poor. The pressing speed range of the press is 1mm/s-8 mm/s.
The press speed, friction and initial forging temperature are variables which are easy to control in the actual forming process, and the influence of the friction coefficient on the forming result is analyzed below. As shown in Table 2, Table 2 shows the effect of friction factor on forming load and forging temperature.
TABLE 2 influence of Friction factor on Molding load and forging temperature
| Friction factor | Shaped load (wt) | Average temperature (. degree. C.) | Temperature range (. degree.C.) |
| 0.1 | 1.4 | 399 | 375-447 |
| 0.2 | 1.57 | 400 | 375-450 |
| 0.3 | 1.68 | 402 | 375-455 |
| 0.4 | 2.03 | 403 | 374-461 |
As can be seen from Table 2 and FIGS. 8 and 9, when the friction factor is increased from 0.1 to 0.4, the forming load is increased from 1.4wt to 2.03, but the forging average temperature is increased from 399 ℃ to 403 ℃. Analyzing the influence graph of the friction coefficient on the forming load and the average temperature of the forged piece, finding that the forming load of the forged piece gradually rises along with the increase of the friction coefficient. The reason is that after the friction coefficient between the die and the blank is increased, the filling resistance of the die to metal is increased, particularly at a high rib (typically in an I-shaped structure), so that the forming load of the forge piece is increased. But the friction coefficient has little influence on the average temperature of the forge piece, and is only increased by 4 ℃, the main reason is that after the pressing speed of the press is determined, the final average temperature of the forge piece mainly changes along with the initial forging temperature of the forge piece, and when the influence of the friction factor is considered, the initial forging temperature is the same, so the average temperature difference of the forge piece after forging is little. Therefore, the whole friction factor has large influence on the load of the forge piece and small influence on the temperature of the forge piece, and therefore, the lubricating oil with good lubricating effect is selected as much as possible in the actual production. In actual production, however, the friction factor is generally selected to be a constant value of 0.3 due to the existence of objective factors.
Generally, the higher the temperature, the easier the forging will be formed, and the lower the load. However, when the temperature is too high, the forge piece is over-burnt due to the existence of deformation heat in the forming process, and in order to determine a temperature range, the initial forging temperature of the blank is changed under the condition that the forming speed and the friction factor are constant, and the influence of the initial forging temperature of the blank on the forge piece forming is analyzed. As shown in Table 3, the influence of different forging temperatures on the forming results is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different initial forging temperatures on the shaping results
| Temperature of onset forging (. degree. C.) | Shaped load (wt) | Average temperature (. degree. C.) | Temperature range (. degree.C.) |
| 400 | 1.63 | 388 | 369-432 |
| 420 | 1.54 | 393 | 372-435 |
| 440 | 1.46 | 398 | 374-437 |
| 460 | 1.38 | 403 | 377-455 |
Table 3 and fig. 10 and 11 show the forming load and the average temperature of the forging at different forging starting temperatures, and it can be found that when the forging starting temperature is increased from 400 ℃ to 460 ℃, the forming load is decreased from 1.63wt to 1.38t, and the average temperature of the forging is increased from 388 ℃ to 403 ℃. This is consistent with the earlier low-speed stage where the material is more sensitive to temperature. As a result, it was found that the forging temperature was within the metal forgeability temperature range in the rough-pressing process, and therefore, the forging start temperature was selected as high as possible in actual production. However, the temperature does not exceed the over-burning temperature during the molding process, and the temperature is prevented from exceeding 460 ℃.
In the manufacturing process of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging, the design method adopts a reverse thinking, firstly a final pressing piece is designed, then a final pressing die, a pre-pressing piece, a pre-pressing die, a rough pressing piece and a rough pressing die are designed, and finally a blank is designed, wherein during actual production, the preliminary forming process is determined as follows: blank making → wool pressing → pre-pressing → final pressing. The three-time die forging and step forming not only enables metal distribution in the die forging process to be more reasonable, but also reduces the press load of one-time forming and optimizes the forming mode.
As can be seen from the final shape, the design of the final press greatly reduces the difficulty of forming the part, particularly in the machining area. Meanwhile, due to the addition of machining allowance, metal is more reasonable when the cavity is filled, and the forming difficulty of the part non-machining part is reduced. However, due to the limitations of the shape of the part and the non-machined surface on the part, the final press designed still faces the problems presented when analyzing the part in terms of forming.
Aiming at the problems faced by the forming of the final pressed part, the structure of the forged part is analyzed, the preliminary design forming process adopts a three-pass die forging method to carry out distribution forming on the forged part, and the general idea is as follows:
(1) the first-pass die forging-rough pressing is mainly used for forging and forming a cylindrical structure of the forge piece, and aims to reasonably distribute the metal quantity of a blank, so that metal of each part of the forge piece is only formed into an adjacent part, and the defect caused by overlong metal flowing distance during the forming of the forge piece is reduced. Meanwhile, the difficulty in forming the upper end plane during pre-pressing and final pressing is reduced, and the flanging process of the upper end surface is simply completed.
(2) The second-step die forging-prepressing is mainly the preforming of each complicated part, especially the forming of 9 lugs on the end surface of the cylinder shape and the I-shaped shape of the inner side of the bottom end of the cylinder wall, and comprises the half of the forming lugs and the small filling of the bottom I-shaped shape. The forging process is mainly used for further shunting metal, so that the forming difficulty of a complex part during final forming is reduced.
(3) And the third die forging, namely final pressing, is mainly used for finally forming the forged piece, and the final details are filled on the basis of the former two-time forming, including the complete forming of the lugs and the complete forming of the I-shaped section of the bottom surface.
The manufacturing method of the blank pressing piece of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging provided by the embodiment of the invention is a part of a blank pressing process, the blank pressing process can be regarded as one-time material distribution before a prepressing process, and the method has three main functions: the cylindrical structure of the forging is formed, the depth of the cylindrical structure is large, the cylinder wall is thin, and reverse extrusion forming is needed; the flanging part on the upper side of the formed forging is required to be firstly formed into a flanging structure on the upper part during blank forging due to the existence of 9 lugs on the upper part; metal is distributed to the forge piece, reasonable distribution of metal is achieved, the cylindrical upper metal is filled with the lugs and the flanges, and the lower metal is filled with the I shape and the 9 pits. The whole rough pressing is a key process in the three-time die forging process, so that the design of the rough pressing is key to how to reasonably distribute metal and the defects of insufficient filling and the like in later forging. The method for manufacturing the blank of the 2014-aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging has the advantages of controlling the pressing-down speed, controlling the friction coefficient and controlling the forging starting temperature of the cylindrical blank.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the blank pressing piece of the 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging piece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1) fixing an upper die of a hair pressing die on a lower pressing arm of a press, and fixing a lower die of the hair pressing die on a workbench, wherein the upper die and the lower die are arranged in an aligned manner;
step 2) putting a cylindrical blank into the lower die, wherein the cylindrical blank is made of 2014 aluminum alloy;
and 3) moving the upper die towards the lower die to press down, wherein the pressing speed is 1-8 mm/s, the friction coefficient between the rough pressing die and the cylindrical blank in the pressing process is 0.1-0.4, and the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 400-460 ℃.
2. A method for making a capillary blank of 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), when the pressing speed is increased from 1mm/s to 5mm/s, the average temperature of the forging is increased from 364 ℃ to 410 ℃, and the forming load is reduced from 1.58wt to 1.45 wt.
3. The manufacturing method of a blank casting part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging part according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3), when the speed is 1mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging part is 356-392 ℃, the temperature of the forging part is less than 400 ℃, and the forming load is 1.58 wt;
when the temperature is 3mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 372-435 ℃, and the forming load is 1.54 wt;
when the temperature is 5mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 380-;
when the temperature is 8mm/s, the final temperature range of the forging is 389-482 ℃, and the forming load is 1.61 wt.
4. A production method of a blank pressing part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the friction coefficient is 0.3.
5. The manufacturing method of a blank casting part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging part according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3), when the friction coefficient is 0.1, the final temperature range of the forging part is 375-447 ℃, and the forming load is 1.4 wt;
when the friction coefficient is 0.2, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-450 ℃, and the forming load is 1.57 wt;
when the friction coefficient is 0.3, the final temperature range of the forging is 375-455 ℃, and the forming load is 1.68 wt;
when the friction coefficient is 0.4, the final temperature range of the forging is 374-461 ℃, and the forming load is 2.03 wt.
6. A production method of a blank pressing part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3), the friction coefficient is controlled by adopting lubricating oil.
7. A blank pressing part manufacturing method of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging piece according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3), when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 400 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging piece is 369-432 ℃, and the forming load is 1.63 wt;
when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 420 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 372-435 ℃, and the forming load is 1.54 wt;
when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 440 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 374-437 ℃, and the forming load is 1.46 wt;
when the initial forging temperature of the cylindrical blank is 460 ℃, the final temperature range of the forging is 377-455 ℃, and the forming load is 1.38 wt.
8. A production method of a blank pressing part of a 2014 aluminum alloy aviation precision hub die forging according to claim 1, wherein the blank size of the cylindrical blank is phi 270 x 450 mm.
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