CN110694735A

CN110694735A - Double-roller crusher

Info

Publication number: CN110694735A
Application number: CN201911118568.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王永芳; 刘鹏华; 王建军; 王守仁
Original assignee: Laiwu Dezheng Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Laiwu Dezheng Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-15
Filing date: 2019-11-15
Publication date: 2020-01-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-roller crusher, comprising: a crushing chamber, in which a pair of crushing rollers are arranged, and a discharge port of the crushing chamber is arranged at the lower end; the outer sleeve part is sleeved outside the crushing chamber and forms an airflow channel with the crushing chamber, and the upper end of the outer sleeve part corresponding to the airflow channel is provided with an air inlet for introducing compressed air; the discharge pipeline is connected with the discharge port and the lower port of the airflow channel; wherein the lower opening of the gas flow channel surrounds the discharge opening. The double-roller crusher can effectively improve the bouncing problem of elastic materials during crushing.

Description

Double-roller crusher

Technical Field

The invention relates to a double-roller crusher.

Background

The requirements on the crusher are different due to different crushed materials, the materials are hard and brittle materials, the materials are elastic materials, and the adaptive crusher is different greatly. The hard and brittle material is represented by stone, the elastic material is represented by rubber, and the elastic material has strong self-resilience during crushing, so that after the crushed part is separated from the body, the crushed part is bounced due to recovery of deformation and possibly popped out from the feed port. The hard and brittle materials conform to the jacobian law due to their brittleness during crushing, contain not only particles of a desired particle size but also components of extremely small particle size, which can be called dust, and have a large specific surface area, and are easily and directly discharged from a feed port.

It should be noted that, in principle, the volume of the material entering and the volume of the material discharged should be the same, but as the specific surface area of the material after crushing is increased, the adhesion capacity of the gas is enhanced, and in addition, the crushing generates temperature increase, and normally, during uniform feeding, positive pressure is still generated in the crushing cavity, so that the elastic material (generally with low density) and dust are ejected or floated out of the feeding hole.

Chinese patent document CN107812575A discloses a mining crusher, in which a fan for inducing air is arranged outside a box body, an inlet of the fan is directly communicated with the box body, an outlet of the fan is connected with a dust collection box, and the fan directly introduces dust in the crusher into the box body in an air inducing manner. Although the air inducing method is simple and direct, for the equipment for inducing air, a fan, a vacuum pump and the like are generally adopted, and the equipment has higher requirements on the impurity rate of the induced air, such as broken stone powder, the broken stone powder enters the fan to cause the rapid abrasion of fan blades, and the broken stone powder can enter the gap of an impeller bearing to cause the rapid failure of the bearing. For vacuum pumps, air with a high impurity content cannot generally be introduced directly and cannot in principle be used for dust removal. If vacuum equipment is used for dust removal, it is usually necessary to arrange a filter device, such as a conventional bag-type dust removal device, in front of the vacuum equipment, in front of the draught fan, rather than directly discharging into the dust box via the draught fan.

Similarly, chinese patent document CN109127097A also uses a suction method to generate negative pressure to suck away dust generated during crushing. For the chinese patent document CN107876148A, a sieve plate is disposed in the machine body, a discharge port is disposed below the sieve plate, the discharge port is connected to a dust collecting box through a material guiding cylinder, a dust collecting port communicating the dust collecting box and the material guiding cylinder is disposed between the dust collecting box and the material guiding cylinder, and a negative pressure generating device is disposed in the dust collecting box, which also essentially forms negative pressure in an induced air manner. Although a filtering and adsorbing mechanism is arranged between the negative pressure generating device and the dust suction port, dust is prevented from directly entering the negative pressure generating device. However, the pulverizer, unlike the home environment, generates a very large amount of dust, and the filter-adsorption device has a certain adsorption amount, which may quickly cause the filter-adsorption device to lose the adsorption function.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a double-roller crusher which can effectively improve the bouncing problem of elastic materials during crushing so as to reduce the amount of materials ejected from a feeding hole.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a double roll crusher including:

a crushing chamber, in which a pair of crushing rollers are arranged, and a discharge port of the crushing chamber is arranged at the lower end;

the outer sleeve part is sleeved outside the crushing chamber and forms an airflow channel with the crushing chamber, and the upper end of the outer sleeve part corresponding to the airflow channel is provided with an air inlet for introducing compressed air;

the discharge pipeline is connected with the discharge port and the lower port of the airflow channel;

wherein the lower opening of the gas flow channel surrounds the discharge opening.

In the double-roller crusher, optionally, the lower end of the crushing chamber is a conical head;

correspondingly, the lower part of the outer sleeve part is a conical part, and an inclined channel is formed between the lower part of the outer sleeve part and the conical head.

Optionally, the taper between the conical head and the conical portion is the same.

Optionally, the main body of the crushing chamber is a four-edged chamber with a rectangular bottom surface;

correspondingly, the main body of the outer sleeve part is a rectangular sleeve body with a rectangular bottom surface;

the rectangular sleeve body extends downwards from the lower end face of the four-edge chamber and downwards exceeds the four-edge chamber, and the exceeding part is used for determining the height of the inclined channel in the normal direction of the conical part.

Optionally, the ratio of the area of the discharge opening to the through-flow cross-sectional area of the discharge conduit is 3: 5 ~ 4: 5;

the taper of the tapered portion is 3:1 ~ 1: 1.

Optionally, there are two air inlets, and the two air inlets are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetric plane is an intersecting plane of the large-diameter cylinders of the two crushing rollers.

Optionally, the upper end of the crushing chamber has a flange;

the flange is supported on the upper end surface of the outer sleeve portion and is fastened by screws.

Optionally, the feeding hopper assembled or formed on the flange is of a structure gradually closing in the downward direction, and the closing direction is the direction in which the two crushing rollers are closed.

Optionally, the side-to-side transcending vertical section of the lower opening of the feed hopper is determined.

Optionally, the air inlet is configured as a quadrangular pyramid mouth;

accordingly, the structure for defining the air intake port has:

an upper side, the upper side being horizontal;

the lower side surface is a side surface inclined downwards;

the two side surfaces are vertical surfaces and enclose the feed inlet with the upper side surface and the lower side surface.

In the embodiment of the invention, an outer sleeve part is sleeved with the periphery of the crushing chamber, an air flow channel with a closed upper end and an open lower end is formed between the outer sleeve part and the crushing chamber, an air inlet is formed at the upper end, and a communication port is formed at the open lower end. The bin outlet of crushing chamber then does the intercommunication mouth encircles, and then provides ejection of compact pipeline to ally oneself with a set intercommunication mouth and bin outlet, in-process down through airflow channel when compressed gas, wrap up the air current in the bin outlet and take away, accord with vacuum generator's principle. The negative pressure is generated by using the positive pressure, the working gas is provided by using the compressor, the negative pressure is generated based on exhaust, the gas carrying dust does not need to pass through the compressor, and a filtering device is not needed, so that the structure for reducing dust in a negative pressure mode is greatly simplified. Due to the suction effect of the negative pressure, the elastic material with relatively low density can generate relatively strong downward traction force, so that the broken material with relatively low rebound speed cannot be ejected, and the probability of ejecting the broken material with relatively high rebound speed is greatly reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main sectional structure of a twin roll crusher according to an embodiment (fasteners are omitted).

Fig. 2 is a schematic left-side sectional view corresponding to fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure corresponding to fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. the crushing device comprises a discharge port, a discharge pipeline, a conical part, a discharge port, a cylindrical part, a crushing chamber, a feed port, a flange, a feed hopper, a feed port, a crushing roller, a conical head, a vertical channel, a slant channel and a screw, wherein the discharge port is 2, the conical part is 3, the discharge port is 4, the cylindrical part is 5, the crushing chamber is 6, the feed port is 7, the flange is 8, the feed hopper is 9, the feed port is 10.

Detailed Description

The crushing of elastomeric material comprises at least two crushing rollers 11, and in the embodiment of the invention, the crusher is a twin-roller crusher, suitable for the construction of a vacuum generator.

The configuration shown in fig. 1 and 2 is not the most preferred configuration, and in a more preferred configuration the discharge conduit 2 is a tapered tube with a small top and a large bottom.

For a twin roll crusher, a pair of crushing rolls 11 are provided to be engaged, and the elastic material is crushed due to the engagement. The tooth tips of the crushing rolls 11 define the major diameter of the crushing rolls 11 and the tooth bottoms define the minor diameter of the crushing rolls 11, and the tooth tips of one pair of the crushing rolls 11 in mesh can be pushed against the tooth bottoms of the other crushing roll 11, but generally a certain head gap is left.

The two ends of the crushing roller 11 are mounted on a pair of opposite side walls of the crushing chamber 6 through bearings, one end is provided with a shaft head, an input component is mounted on the bearings, the input component can be a gear or a chain wheel, a belt wheel can be used in some applications, and the driving is realized through a gear transmission mechanism, for example, which is matched with the input component.

The discharge opening 4 of the crushing chamber 11 is usually located at the lower end of the crushing chamber 11, and generally realizes blanking based on gravity, compared with hard brittle materials, the general density of elastic materials is smaller, the characteristic of blanking based on gravity is not as obvious as that of hard brittle materials, in addition, the elastic materials have good elasticity, and can produce traction in the extrusion cutting and crushing process, and small materials formed after crushing rebound to cause part of the materials to jump directly upwards, and therefore the small materials can jump out of the crushing chamber 6.

When the negative pressure in broken intracavity is great relatively, can reduce the broken chamber's that the elastic material of fritter jumps out probability by a wide margin, can directly avoid its jump out to the elastic material of the fritter that resilience force is relatively weak or the direction of catapulting is not good, even if relatively great to resilience force, also can reduce its probability of popping out by a wide margin.

In the embodiment of the invention, the ejection amount of the elastic material of the small blocks after crushing is reduced by improving the downward suction force of the crushing cavity. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a jacket portion is provided, which is shown as a cylindrical portion 5, a conical portion 3, and may be integral with the discharge conduit 2, and in some applications the assembly of the three may be referred to as a jacket portion.

The outer jacket portion is fitted around the outside of the crushing chamber 6, and it can be seen in fig. 1 that the outer jacket portion has a larger cross-section in the same position in the vertical direction than the crushing chamber 11, so that air flow channels, such as the vertical channel 13 and the inclined channel 14 shown in the figure, are formed with the crushing chamber 11. The upper end of the outer casing part corresponding to the gas flow channel is provided with a gas inlet 7 for introducing compressed gas. It can be seen that the negative pressure is generated by the positive pressure, the medium of the device for supplying compressed gas is air, rather than the gas with extremely high impurity content directly from the discharge opening 4, the impurity content of air is relatively low, and the filter element of the filter device does not need to be replaced in a long time under the condition that the intake filter device is adopted.

In the case of the discharge duct 2, which is connected to the discharge opening 4 and to the lower opening of the gas flow channel, the discharge channel 2 is located directly below the discharge opening 4 and is coaxial with the discharge opening 4. Furthermore, the lower opening of the airflow channel is surrounded on the periphery of the discharge opening 4, and when the lower opening generates rapid descending airflow, negative pressure can be generated at the discharge opening 4, so that the negative pressure is generated through positive pressure based on the effect of a vacuum generator, and the problem of filtering based on negative pressure equipment is solved.

With regard to the conical head 12 at the lower end of the crushing chamber 6 and the conical portion 3 shown in the figures, this is based on the fact that, on the one hand, the effective construction of the vacuum generator is adapted, and, on the other hand, the closing-in facilitates the formation of a compressed air flow with a better circumferential dispersion at the conical portion 3 under the condition that the air inlet 7 cannot cover the entire circumferential direction of the jacket portion.

Correspondingly, the lower extreme of crushing chamber 6 forms conical head 12, and conical head 12 still easily forms out the hopper structure, does benefit to and receives the material, conveniently to the recovery of the ejection of compact. Correspondingly, the lower part of the casing portion is a conical portion 3, so that the conical portion 3 and the conical head 12 cooperate to form an inclined channel 14, which gradually disperses the air flow introduced from the two air inlets 7 in fig. 1 in the circumferential direction.

In some embodiments, the taper between the conical head 12 and the conical portion 3 is the same. In other embodiments, the taper of the tapered head 12 is different from that of the tapered portion 3, and in the latter embodiment, the taper of the tapered head 12 is greater than that of the tapered portion 3, so that the inclined channel 14 is further contracted under the condition based on the taper contraction, and the terminal of the inclined channel 14 can be excited, so that the negative pressure is greater.

In the structure shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the double-roll crusher as a whole is a rectangular structure in a plan view, and the adapted geometry is a quadrangular prism structure or a so-called rectangular tube structure. Correspondingly, the main body of the crushing chamber 6 is a four-edged chamber with a rectangular bottom surface; the body of the outer mantle section is also a rectangular mantle having a rectangular bottom surface, so that the cross-section of the passage between the mantle section and the crushing chamber 6 is a rectangular ring structure.

Furthermore, the length of the rectangular sleeve body is greater than that of the four-edge chamber, the rectangular sleeve body further extends downwards from the lower end face of the four-edge chamber to exceed the four-edge chamber downwards at the lower end face of the four-edge chamber, and the exceeding part is used for determining the height of the inclined channel 14 in the normal direction of the conical part.

In order to effectively construct the vacuum generating structure, the ratio of the area of the discharge opening 4, namely the area determined by the caliber of the discharge opening 4, to the through-flow cross-sectional area of the discharge pipeline is 3: 5 ~ 4: 5.

Accordingly, the taper of the tapered portion is 3:1 ~ 1:1, which is a low taper structure, for example, to create a relatively efficient entrainment effect for the airflow.

It can be understood that the more the gas inlets 7 are, the more favorable the formation of the circumferentially relatively uniform gas flow is, but the more the gas inlets 7 are, the more difficulty in piping is increased, and in the preferred embodiment, the two gas inlets 7 still have relatively good vacuum generator effect under the condition of relatively low difficulty in piping.

The two air inlets 7 are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetrical plane is the intersecting plane of the large-diameter cylinders of the two crushing rollers 11, namely the left and right middle sections shown in fig. 1.

In fig. 1, as previously described, the discharge conduit 2, the conical portion 3 and the cylindrical portion 5 may be constructed as a single piece to form a reducer conduit structure, which may be referred to as an outer jacket portion as a whole. The upper end face of the reducing pipeline structure can be used as a bearing end face, and the crushing chamber 6 can be directly arranged on the bearing end face.

Correspondingly, the upper end of the crushing chamber 11 has a flange 8 for the construction similar to a flange, the flange 8 projecting radially from the body of the crushing chamber 6 and being adapted to the aforementioned bearing end surface, being screwed in register, the flange 8 being fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical portion 5 using screws 15.

The flange 8 is a rectangular flange which circumferentially surrounds the crushing chamber 6, and a sealing felt can be arranged between the flange 8 and the bearing end surface to form a seal.

In the configuration shown in fig. 1, it can be seen that the portion of the flange corresponding to the vertical channel 13 is of a tapered configuration to facilitate quick assembly positioning. Furthermore, the presence of the conical structure causes the gas introduced through the horizontal gas inlet 7 to be directed in a vertically downward gas flow.

In some embodiments, the air inlet 7 may open on the flange 8, with the air inlet 7 opening vertically downward on the flange 8.

Since the initial velocity of the compressed gas is large, if the gas inlet 7 is opened to the flange 8, the dispersion in the circumferential direction of the vertical passage 13 is relatively poor. In contrast, the configuration of the air inlet 7 as shown in fig. 1 adapted to the portion of the flange located at the vertical passage 13 is advantageous for improving the dispersion of the compressed air in the circumferential direction of the vertical passage 13.

In the structure shown in fig. 1, the feed inlet 10 is formed into a hopper structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the hopper structure gradually closes from top to bottom, so that the area of the feed inlet 10 is reduced, and the ejection difficulty of the crushed material is reduced. It is also possible to provide a separate feed hopper in connection with the feed opening 10, which feed hopper is fitted on the flange 8.

Regarding the closing direction of the feed opening 10, as shown in fig. 1, the closing direction is preferably a direction in which the two crushing rollers 11 are aligned, that is, a left-right direction shown in fig. 1.

The lower end of the feed opening 10 may correspond to the axial length of the crushing roller 11, in relation to the axial direction of the crushing roller 11, to which the crushing teeth portions are distributed.

In the construction shown in fig. 1, the side-over side crushing roller 11, which determines the lower mouth of the feed hopper, is in vertical section. Specifically, the width of the lower end of the feed opening 10 in the left-right direction of fig. 1 is smaller than the center distance between the two crushing rollers 11.

In the preferred embodiment, the width of the lower end of the feed opening 10 in the left-right direction of FIG. 1 is preferably 0.8 ~ 0.9 times the center distance between the two crushing rollers 11.

In the structure shown in fig. 1, the air inlet 7 is configured as a quadrangular pyramid mouth;

accordingly, the structure for defining the air inlet 7 has:

an upper side, the upper side being horizontal;

the lower side surface is a side surface inclined downwards;

and two side surfaces are vertical surfaces and form the opening of the air inlet 7 together with the upper side surface and the lower side surface. With this structure, the flow resistance can be reduced.

Claims

1. A twin roll crusher, comprising:

2. A double roll crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the crushing chamber is a conical head;

3. A twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 2, in which the taper between the conical head and the conical portion is the same.

4. A twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the main body of the crushing chamber is a four-sided chamber with a rectangular bottom surface;

5. A double roll crusher as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the ratio of the area of the discharge opening to the area of the throughflow cross-section of the discharge conduit is 3: 5 ~ 4: 5;

the taper of the tapered portion is 3:1 ~ 1: 1.

6. A twin roll crusher as defined in claim 1 in which there are two inlets, the inlets being symmetrically disposed about a plane of symmetry defined by the intersection of the major diameter cylinders of the two crushing rolls.

7. A twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 1, in which the upper end of the crushing chamber has a flange;

8. A twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 7, in which the feed hopper is of a downwardly tapering configuration, the direction of the tapering being the direction in which the two crushing rolls are brought together.

9. A double roll crusher as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the side-transcending side-roller vertical section defining the lower mouth of the feed hopper is located.

10. A twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the air inlet is configured as a four-sided cone mouth;

accordingly, the structure for defining the air intake port has:

an upper side, the upper side being horizontal;

the lower side surface is a side surface inclined downwards;