CN110694189A - High-altitude inclined escape system and escape method thereof - Google Patents
High-altitude inclined escape system and escape method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110694189A CN110694189A CN201911007184.3A CN201911007184A CN110694189A CN 110694189 A CN110694189 A CN 110694189A CN 201911007184 A CN201911007184 A CN 201911007184A CN 110694189 A CN110694189 A CN 110694189A
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000951498 Brachypteraciidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
- A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/18—Other single parts for rope lowering-devices, e.g. take-up rollers for ropes, devices for shooting ropes
Abstract
The invention protects a high-altitude inclined escape system and an escape method thereof, and the high-altitude inclined escape system comprises an escape rope and a guide rope, wherein rope ends of the escape rope and the guide rope in the same direction are both suspended on a creeping formwork, the creeping formwork is installed on a tower column, the other rope end of the escape rope is a free end, the other rope end of the guide rope is coiled on a roller, and the roller is anchored on the ground through a lower anchor point; at least one escape device is arranged on the escape rope in a penetrating way, and the escape person wears the whole body sitting type safety belt to be respectively connected with the escape device and the guide rope through the connecting piece. The high-altitude inclined escape system can be applied to emergency escape of personnel from a creeping formwork platform in the tower column construction process, has certain universality, is suitable for the tower column construction process with a similar creeping formwork structure, can guide the escaper to incline and descend so as to avoid tower body barriers, and can descend to a platform which is 10m away from the tower column or open the ground so as to be beneficial to evacuation after escape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lifesaving appliances, and particularly relates to a high-altitude inclined escape system and an escape method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous emergence of technical progress and technical innovation, ultrahigh long-span bridge engineering is more and more, and along with this, the span and the height of bridge are also higher and more, wherein cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge's pylon construction height has reached 300m more, constructor will construct to 300 m's height from pile foundation, cushion cap all the way, wherein in the pylon construction process from ground 0m to 300m, constructor attached to the operation on the jack-up creeping formwork on the pylon, the creeping formwork can rise to 300 m's height from ground along with the construction progress. The constructor needs to construct on the creeping formwork for half a year to a year, and the only passage between the creeping formwork and the ground is the elevator.
In the construction process, if an earthquake occurs or a fire point is found on a tower column or a creeping formwork, and other dangerous factors which can threaten the life safety of constructors, the elevator cannot be used according to elevator operation regulations and fire emergency common knowledge, so that the inevitable condition that the escape passage is cut off when the top end of the tower column is in a fire or an earthquake occurs is caused. Therefore, an escape passage which is not influenced by fire, earthquake and other sudden factors needs to be independently opened, and the escape passage is used for safely evacuating all people on the tower column.
At present, no ultrahigh inclined escape system exists in the global scope, and the currently widely applied speed-reducing escape device cannot be applied to the working condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-altitude inclined escape system and an escape method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that constructors cannot safely escape under an emergency condition in the bridge construction process.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high-altitude inclined escape system which comprises an escape rope and a guide rope, wherein rope ends of the escape rope and the guide rope in the same direction are both hung on a creeping formwork, the creeping formwork is installed on a tower column, the other rope end of the escape rope is a free end, the other rope end of the guide rope is coiled on a roller, and the roller is anchored on the ground through a lower anchor point;
at least one escape device is arranged on the escape rope in a penetrating mode, and an escape person wears the whole body sitting type safety belt and is connected with the escape device and the guide rope through the connecting piece respectively.
Furthermore, the escape device comprises a shell, wherein a pulley is arranged in the shell, a first gear shaft is arranged at the center of the pulley, a first gear of the first gear shaft is meshed and connected with a second gear of the second gear shaft, and a disc type friction plate is arranged on the second gear shaft and is in contact with or not in contact with the inner wall of the shell;
the pulley is wound with an escape rope, the free end of the escape rope is led out from the lower part of the shell and is stored in a rope bag in a free state, and a shackle extending out of the shell is arranged below the shell.
Preferably, the connecting piece include the connecting band, the one end of connecting band pass through the tip hang the point with the shackle is connected, the middle part of connecting band is equipped with the safety hook, the safety hook is connected in personnel's of fleing whole body sitting posture safety belt, the other end of connecting band hangs guide pulley, guide pulley winding is connected in the direction rope, and guide pulley along the motion of the direction rope of tensioning.
Further, the lower anchor point comprises a roller support fixed on the ground, the roller is mounted on the roller support, the center of the roller is a rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is coaxially connected with the overload self-protection winch.
Preferably, the overload self-protection winch comprises a handle, wherein the handle is coaxially connected with a ratchet friction sheet type one-way brake, and the ratchet friction sheet type one-way brake is connected with a rotating shaft of the drum through a gear box and a torque limiter in sequence.
Further, the hanging point of the guide rope on the climbing formwork is positioned above the hanging point of the escape rope.
The invention also provides an escape method of the high-altitude inclined escape system, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, when emergency escape occurs, constructors go to the escape gathering area at the hanging point of the creeping formwork by themselves and wear full-body sitting type safety belts;
step S2, the first person holds the rope bag or the rope barrel of the escape apparatus, firstly connects the rope bag or the rope barrel with the whole body sitting type safety belt, then connects the chest hook of the whole body sitting type safety belt with the safety hook of the connecting piece, the end hook of the connecting piece is connected with the escape apparatus, the guide pulley of the connecting piece is arranged on the guide rope;
step S3, the first escape personnel descend to the lower anchor point by controlling the escape device, firstly the connection between the connecting piece and the whole-body sitting type safety belt is released, then the first escape personnel move to the open position quickly, and then the whole-body sitting type safety belt is released;
and step S4, repeating the step S1 to the step S3 by other escape personnel until all constructors escape.
Further, the lower anchor point is located on the ground, and specifically includes: if a steel construction platform is arranged at the lower anchor point, welding the roller bracket to the steel construction platform; if no steel construction platform is arranged at the lower anchor point, a concrete foundation pier is poured below 0m of the ground, foundation bolts are pre-embedded in the concrete foundation pier, and the roller support is fixed on the poured concrete foundation pier through the foundation bolts.
Preferably, the escape rope and the guide rope are metal ropes or fiber ropes.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) can be applied to personnel and follow the creeping formwork platform and flee for one's life in the tower construction process, have certain commonality, be applicable to the tower construction process that has similar creeping formwork structure, this escape system can guide the person of fleing slope and descend to avoid the tower body barrier, personnel can descend to apart from the platform beyond the tower 10m or open ground, in order to do benefit to the evacuation after escaping.
(2) The applicable environmental temperature range of the escape system is-20-60 ℃, and the application of the construction site environment of 6 months (200 m tower column) can be met, and the application of the construction site environment of 12 months (300 m tower column) at the longest can be met.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-altitude inclined escape system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the escape apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the connector.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an overload self-protection winch.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an escape rope; 2. a guide rope; 3. climbing a mold; 4. a tower column; 5. a drum; 6. an escape device; 7. a connecting member; 8. an overload self-protection winch; 9. a drum support;
601. a housing; 602. a pulley; 603. a first gear shaft; 604. a second gear shaft; 605. a disk friction plate; 606. shackle dismounting;
701. a guide pulley; 702. a connecting belt; 703. a safety hook; 704. hanging points at the end parts;
801. a handle; 802. a ratchet friction plate type one-way brake; 803. a gear case; 804. a torque limiter.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the upper, lower, left and right in the drawings are regarded as the upper, lower, left and right of the high-altitude inclined escape system described in the present specification.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
The first embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the invention relates to a high-altitude inclined escape system, which comprises an escape rope 1 and a guide rope 2, wherein rope ends of the escape rope 1 and the guide rope 2 in the same direction are both hung on a creeping formwork 3, the creeping formwork 3 is installed on a tower column 4, the other rope end of the escape rope 1 is a free end, the other rope end of the guide rope 2 is wound on a roller 5, and the roller 5 is anchored on the ground through a lower anchor point;
at least one escape device 6 is arranged on the escape rope 1 in a penetrating mode, and an escape person wears a whole body sitting type safety belt and is respectively connected with the escape device 6 and the guide rope 2 through a connecting piece 7.
The working process of the high-altitude inclined escape system is as follows:
when taking place emergency and flee, constructor goes to the set district of fleing of 3 hanging points departments of creeping formwork by oneself, wear whole body sitting posture safety belt, the handheld rope package or the rope bucket of ware 6 of fleing of fleeing of personnel, earlier be connected rope package or rope bucket and whole body sitting posture safety belt, then be connected the chest couple of whole body sitting posture safety belt with connecting piece 7, connecting piece 7 is connected with ware 6 and the direction rope 2 of fleing, the personnel of fleing descend to the anchor point down through controlling the ware 6 of fleing, remove connecting piece 7 and whole body sitting posture safety belt's being connected earlier, then quick travel arrives spacious position, remove whole body sitting posture safety belt again.
The number of the common working people on the climbing formwork is 10-15, the total expected escape time is 25min (under the condition of 300m high), the escape speed is expected to be controlled to be 1.2 m/s-1.5 m/s, so that the escape time of each person is 4min, the preparation time and the intermediate connection time are added, the 5 persons can escape in 25min according to the calculation of 5 minutes per person, and then at least 3 escape channels are required to be arranged, and 15 persons can be completely lowered to the ground for evacuation within 25 min.
The escape rope 1 is preferably a nonmetal organic polymer high-temperature resistant rope with the diameter of about 9.5mm, and is hung on a safe hanging point of the creeping formwork 3 by a safe hook.
Preferably, four escape devices 6 are arranged on each escape rope 1 in series, a main safety hook of each escape device 6 faces downwards and is used for tying and hanging the escape personnel, and in the escape descending process, the escape device body descends along with the escape personnel. The rope below the escape device 6 is strictly arranged in a rope bag according to the rope collecting mode of outdoor rope operation, and the rope bag is connected with the lowest escape device 6 and is limited on the guide rope 2.
When emergency escape occurs, the escape person wears the safety belt, and the main safety hook of the escape device body at the lowest side is hung on the chest hanging point of the safety belt, so that the escape can be realized. The guide rope 2 is used for guiding the escape personnel to avoid the obstacle and guiding the escape personnel to a preset falling point, preferably, the guide rope 2 adopts a stainless steel wire rope with the diameter of phi 6 mm-phi 8mm and a wire rope with the diameter of 6mm, the breaking force can also reach 1.8t, and the strength completely meets the requirement of guiding.
The upper part of the guide rope 2 is hung on a safe hanging point of the creeping formwork 3 through a safe hook, and the lower end of the guide rope is fixed on a ground roller 5 and is in a proper tension state.
The guide rope 2 is always connected with the climbing formwork anchor point at the upper part and the roller anchor point at the lower part, is properly tensioned and is in an escape standby state at any time.
When the field personnel construct on the climbing formwork, the safety belt is not worn or only a belt type safety belt is equipped. When an emergency happens, the safety belt cannot be used for high-altitude escape, and the escape system needs to be provided with a whole-body sitting type safety belt.
The safety belt adopts the special lightweight safety belt that prevents weighing down and vertical rescue, and the safety belt adopts 4 point designs, and chest and back respectively have 1 safe hanging point, and two shoulders respectively have 1 safe hanging point, and chest and back safety belt are used for connecting the protection system that falls, and two hanging points in shoulder are used for vertical rescue operation.
It should be noted that the applicable environment temperature of the high-altitude inclined escape system is-20 ℃ to 60 ℃, and can satisfy all the towers within 300m, and can also be used for towers of other heights, but since the construction height of the tower of the current cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge reaches 300m in the field of bridge engineering, the embodiment is taken as an example, and can also be other heights.
Second embodiment:
the embodiment relates to a high-altitude inclined escape system which comprises an escape rope 1 and a guide rope 2, wherein rope ends of the escape rope 1 and the guide rope 2 in the same direction are both hung on a creeping formwork 3, the creeping formwork 3 is installed on a tower column 4, the other rope end of the escape rope 1 is a free end, the other rope end of the guide rope 2 is wound on a roller 5, and the roller 5 is anchored on the ground through a lower anchor point;
at least one escape device 6 is arranged on the escape rope 1 in a penetrating mode, and an escape person wears a whole body sitting type safety belt and is respectively connected with the escape device 6 and the guide rope 2 through a connecting piece 7.
Referring to fig. 2, the escape apparatus 6 comprises a housing 601, a pulley 602 is mounted in the housing 601, a first gear shaft 603 is mounted at the center of the pulley 602, a gear of the first gear shaft 603 is engaged with a gear on a second gear shaft 604, a disc-type friction plate 605 is mounted on the second gear shaft 604, and the disc-type friction plate 605 is in contact with or not in contact with the inner wall of the housing 601;
the pulley 602 is wound with the escape rope 1, the free end of the escape rope 1 is led out from the lower part of the shell 601 and stored in a rope bag in a free state, and the lower part of the shell 601 is provided with a shackle 605 extending out of the shell 601.
When the escape device is used for escaping, the weight of an escaper acts on the escape device 6, the escape device 6 starts to move downwards, the escape rope 1 is wound on the pulley 602, the pulley 602 can be driven to rotate by the rope through friction force, the pulley 602 drives the gear shaft II 604 through the gear of the gear shaft I603, the gear shaft II 604 drives the disc-type friction plate 605, and when the disc-type friction plate 605 reaches a certain revolution number, the disc-type friction plate expands outwards under the action of centrifugal force to rub against the inner wall of the shell 601, so that the escape device 6 is decelerated.
The third embodiment:
as shown in fig. 3, the connecting member 7 includes a connecting band 702, one end of the connecting band 702 is connected to the shackle 605 through an end hanging point 704, a safety hook 703 is provided at the middle of the connecting band 702, the safety hook 703 is connected to the whole body seating belt of the evacuee, a guide pulley 701 is hung at the other end of the connecting band 702, the guide pulley 701 is wound around the guide rope 2, and the guide pulley 701 moves along the guide rope 2 under tension.
During escape, the end hanging point 704 is connected to the shackle 605 of the escape apparatus 6, the safety hook 703 is connected to the whole body sitting belt, and as the evacuee descends, the guide pulley 701 moves along the guide rope 2 under tension, so that the evacuee safely descends to the ground along with the inclination of the guide rope 2.
Fourth embodiment:
on the basis of the first embodiment or the third embodiment, the lower anchor point comprises a roller bracket 9 fixed on the ground, the roller 5 is mounted on the roller bracket 9, the center of the roller 5 is a rotating shaft, and one end part of the rotating shaft is coaxially connected with an overload self-protection winch 8.
Referring to fig. 4, the overload self-protecting winch 8 includes a handle 801, the handle 801 is coaxially connected to a ratchet friction plate type one-way brake 802, and the ratchet friction plate type one-way brake 802 is connected to a rotation shaft of the drum 5 through a gear box 803 and a torque limiter 804 in sequence.
Normally, the handle 801 is rotated to drive the gear box 803, the gear box 803 transmits torque to the roller 5 through the torque limiter 804, and the guide rope 2 can still maintain a preset tension by releasing the handle 801 under the self-locking action of the ratchet friction sheet type one-way brake 802.
When the creeping formwork 3 at the other end of the guide rope 2 pulls the guide rope 2, the force acting on the roller 5 is higher than the overload threshold value of the torque limiter 804, and the torque limiter 804 is overloaded and slips to play a role of overload self protection.
When the creeping formwork 3 at the other end of the guide rope 2 stops pulling the guide rope 2, the force acting on the roller 5 is lower than the overload threshold value of the torque limiter 804, and the torque limiter 804 keeps the torque to play a role of tensioning the guide rope 2.
The gear box 803 is formed by meshing a plurality of gears with different sizes, and the function of the gear box is to change the rotating speed, and the purpose of the gear box is referred to; specifically, the central axis of the ratchet friction plate type one-way brake 802 is coaxial with the gear a in the gear box 803, the gear B in the gear box 803 is coaxial with the torque limiter 804, and the gear a and the gear B are different in size, so that the rotating speed can be changed.
It should be noted that the ratchet friction plate type one-way brake 802 and the torque limiter 804 are both conventional structures, and are mature structures that are commercially available, and the specific structures thereof are not considered as protection points of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.
As for the structure of the ratchet friction plate type one-way brake, reference may be made to a patent application No. JP19966097 or an issued patent application No. CN 201710118968.8.
The suspension point of the guide rope 2 on the climbing formwork 3 is positioned above the suspension point of the escape rope 1.
The hanging point of the guide rope 2 and the hanging point of the escape rope 1 are both located above the escape collecting area, when a constructor needs to escape, the constructor can automatically go to the escape collecting area, wear a safety belt, connect the main bearing hanging point of the safety belt with the safety hook of an escape device, open an escape door, and escape can be achieved without manual control.
The guide rope 2 only plays a role in guiding and only bears the horizontal component force when people escape, so that the stress is small.
Fifth embodiment:
the embodiment provides an escape method of a high-altitude inclined escape system, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, when emergency escape occurs, constructors go to the escape gathering area at the hanging point of the creeping formwork 3 by themselves and wear full-body sitting type safety belts;
step S2, the first evacuee holds the rope bag or the rope barrel of the evacuee 6, firstly connects the rope bag or the rope barrel with the whole sitting type safety belt, then connects the chest hook of the whole sitting type safety belt with the safety hook 703 of the connecting piece 7, the end hanging point 704 of the connecting piece 7 is connected with the evacuee 6, and the guide pulley 701 of the connecting piece 7 is installed on the guide rope 2;
step S3, the first escape personnel operates the escape device 6 to descend to the lower anchor point, firstly releases the connection between the connecting piece 7 and the whole-body sitting type safety belt, then moves to the open position quickly, and then releases the whole-body sitting type safety belt;
and step S4, repeating the step S1 to the step S3 by other escape personnel until all constructors escape.
High altitude slope escape system, it includes:
referring to fig. 1, an escape rope 1 and a guide rope 2, wherein rope ends of the escape rope 1 and the guide rope 2 in the same direction are both suspended on a creeping formwork 3, the creeping formwork 3 is installed on a tower 4, the other rope end of the escape rope 1 is a free end, the other rope end of the guide rope 2 is wound on a roller 5, and the roller 5 is anchored on the ground through a lower anchor point; at least one escape device 6 is arranged on the escape rope 1 in a penetrating mode, and an escape person wears a whole body sitting type safety belt and is respectively connected with the escape device 6 and the guide rope 2 through a connecting piece 7.
Referring to fig. 2, the escape apparatus 6 comprises a housing 601, a pulley 602 is mounted in the housing 601, a first gear shaft 603 is mounted at the center of the pulley 602, a gear of the first gear shaft 603 is engaged with a gear on a second gear shaft 604, a disc-type friction plate 605 is mounted on the second gear shaft 604, and the disc-type friction plate 605 is in contact with or not in contact with the inner wall of the housing 601; the pulley 602 is wound with the escape rope 1, the free end of the escape rope 1 is led out from the lower part of the shell 601 and stored in a rope bag in a free state, and the lower part of the shell 601 is provided with a shackle 605 extending out of the shell 601.
Referring to fig. 3, the connecting member 7 includes a connecting band 702, one end of the connecting band 702 is connected to the shackle 605 through an end hanging point 704, a safety hook 703 is provided at the middle of the connecting band 702, the safety hook 703 is connected to the whole body seating belt of the evacuee, a guide pulley 701 is hung at the other end of the connecting band 702, the guide pulley 701 is wound around the guide rope 2, and the guide pulley 701 moves along the guide rope 2 under tension.
Referring to fig. 4, the lower anchor point comprises a roller bracket 9 fixed on the ground, the roller 5 is mounted on the roller bracket 9, the center of the roller 5 is a rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is coaxially connected with an overload self-protection winch 8. The overload self-protection winch 8 comprises a handle 801, wherein the handle 801 is coaxially connected with a ratchet friction sheet type one-way brake 802, and the ratchet friction sheet type one-way brake 802 is connected with the rotating shaft of the roller 5 through a gear box 803 and a torque limiter 804 in sequence.
Specifically, when an evacuee holds the rope bag or the rope barrel of the escape apparatus 6, the rope bag or the rope barrel is firstly connected with the whole-body sitting type safety belt, then the chest hook of the whole-body sitting type safety belt is connected with the safety hook 703 of the connecting member 7, the end hanging point 704 of the connecting member 7 is connected with the escape apparatus 6, the guide pulley 701 of the connecting member 7 is installed on the guide rope 2, during escape, the guide pulley 701 moves along the tensioned guide rope 2, the weight of the evacuee acts on the escape apparatus 6, the escape apparatus 6 starts to move downwards, as the escape rope 1 is wound on the pulley 602, the pulley 602 can be driven to rotate by friction force, the pulley 602 drives the gear shaft two 604 by the gear of the gear shaft one 603, the gear shaft two 604 drives the disc type friction plate 605, when the disc type friction plate 605 reaches a certain number of revolutions, the disc type friction plate 605 expands outwards under the action of centrifugal, the evacuee can safely fall to the ground along with the inclination of the guide rope 2.
Sixth embodiment:
on the basis of the fifth embodiment, the lower anchor point is located on the ground, and specifically includes: if a steel construction platform is arranged at the lower anchor point, welding the roller bracket 9 on the steel construction platform; if no steel construction platform is arranged at the lower anchor point, a concrete foundation pier is poured below 0m of the ground, foundation bolts are pre-embedded in the concrete foundation pier, and the roller support is fixed on the poured concrete foundation pier through the foundation bolts.
The placement position of the lower anchor point is within the range of 10-20 m away from the tower column, and the selection principle of the position is as follows:
a. evacuation is convenient after escape, and the escape personnel can be quickly transferred to a safe position;
b. avoiding areas with large vehicle, human and material flow in the construction process;
c. and the space of a construction rotation area of a tower crane arm is avoided.
The roller base is made of steel and provided with 4 foundation bolt holes, a position is selected in the area meeting the requirements, and if a steel construction platform is arranged in the position, the roller base is welded on a steel plate; if no steel construction platform is arranged at the position, a concrete foundation pier is poured below 0m of the ground, foundation bolts are embedded in the concrete foundation pier, and the roller base is fixed on the concrete foundation pier.
Preferably, the escape rope 1 and the guide rope 2 are metal ropes or fiber ropes.
In conclusion, the high-altitude inclined escape system and the escape method thereof protected by the invention can be applied to emergency escape of personnel from the creeping formwork platform in the tower column construction process, have certain universality, are suitable for the tower column construction process with a similar creeping formwork structure, can guide escapers to incline and descend so as to avoid tower body obstacles, and can lead the personnel to descend to a platform which is 10m away from the tower column or open the ground so as to be beneficial to evacuation after escape. The applicable environmental temperature range of the escape system is-20-60 ℃, and the application of the construction site environment of 6 months (200 m tower column) can be met, and the application of the construction site environment of 12 months (300 m tower column) at the longest can be met.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (9)
1. A high altitude slope escape system which characterized in that: the escape rope comprises an escape rope (1) and a guide rope (2), wherein rope ends of the escape rope (1) and the guide rope (2) in the same direction are both suspended on a creeping formwork (3), the creeping formwork (3) is installed on a tower column (4), the other rope end of the escape rope (1) is a free end, the other rope end of the guide rope (2) is coiled on a roller (5), and the roller (5) is anchored on the ground through a lower anchor point;
at least one escape device (6) is arranged on the escape rope (1) in a penetrating mode, and an escape person wears the whole seat type safety belt and is respectively connected with the escape device (6) and the guide rope (2) through a connecting piece (7).
2. The high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 1, wherein: the escape device (6) comprises a shell (601), a pulley (602) is installed in the shell (601), a first gear shaft (603) is installed at the center of the pulley (602), a gear of the first gear shaft (603) is meshed and connected with a gear on a second gear shaft (604), a disc type friction plate (605) is installed on the second gear shaft (604), and the disc type friction plate (605) is in contact with or not in contact with the inner wall of the shell (601);
the pulley (602) is wound with an escape rope (1), the free end of the escape rope (1) is led out from the lower part of the shell (601) and is stored in a rope bag in a free state, and a shackle (605) extending out of the shell (601) is installed below the shell (601).
3. The high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 2, wherein: connecting piece (7) including connecting band (702), the one end of connecting band (702) pass through tip hang point (704) with shackle (605) are connected, the middle part of connecting band (702) is equipped with safety hook (703), safety hook (703) are connected in personnel's of fleing whole body sitting posture safety belt, other tip of connecting band (702) hangs guide pulley (701), guide pulley (701) winding is connected in guide rope (2), and guide pulley (701) move along the guide rope (2) of tensioning.
4. The high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the anchor point is including being fixed in drum bracket (9) on ground, install in drum bracket (9) cylinder (5), the center of cylinder (5) is the pivot, an end coaxial coupling of pivot transships self preservation and protects capstan winch (8).
5. The high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 4, wherein: the overload self-protection winch (8) comprises a handle (801), wherein the handle (801) is coaxially connected with a ratchet friction piece type one-way brake (802), and the ratchet friction piece type one-way brake (802) is connected with a rotating shaft of the drum (5) sequentially through a gear box (803) and a torque limiter (804).
6. The high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 1, wherein: the hanging point of the guide rope (2) on the climbing formwork (3) is positioned above the hanging point of the escape rope (1).
7. An escape method of the high-altitude inclined escape system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step S1, when emergency escape occurs, constructors go to the escape gathering area at the hanging point of the creeping formwork (3) by themselves and wear full-body sitting type safety belts;
step S2, the first evacuee holds a rope bag or a rope barrel of the escape apparatus (6), firstly connects the rope bag or the rope barrel with the whole sitting type safety belt, then connects a chest hook of the whole sitting type safety belt with a safety hook (703) of a connecting piece (7), a hanging point (704) at the end part of the connecting piece (7) is connected with the escape apparatus (6), and a guide pulley (701) of the connecting piece (7) is arranged on a guide rope (2);
step S3, the first escape personnel descend to the lower anchor point by controlling the escape device (6), firstly the connection between the connecting piece (7) and the whole-body sitting type safety belt is released, then the first escape personnel move to the open position quickly, and then the whole-body sitting type safety belt is released;
and step S4, repeating the step S1 to the step S3 by other escape personnel until all constructors escape.
8. The escape method of the high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 7, wherein: the anchor point is located ground, specifically includes: if a steel construction platform is arranged at the lower anchor point, welding the roller bracket (9) on the steel construction platform; if no steel construction platform is arranged at the lower anchor point, a concrete foundation pier is poured below 0m of the ground, foundation bolts are pre-embedded in the concrete foundation pier, and the roller support is fixed on the poured concrete foundation pier through the foundation bolts.
9. The escape method of the high altitude inclined escape system according to claim 7, wherein: the escape rope (1) and the guide rope (2) are metal ropes or fiber ropes.
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| CN201911007184.3A CN110694189A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | High-altitude inclined escape system and escape method thereof |
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