CN110688780B - Novel buffer structure based on bionic principle - Google Patents
Novel buffer structure based on bionic principle Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006173 Good's buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000287509 Piciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001814 effect on stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel buffer structure based on a bionic principle, which comprises the following components: a plurality of rigid plates and a plurality of sandwich layers; wherein two adjacent rigid plates are connected through the sandwich layer; each sandwich layer comprises a plurality of elastic elements and a plurality of adhesive elements; wherein the elastic element provides rigidity and the viscous element provides rigidity and damping. According to the invention, the buffer performance of the novel buffer structure is realized by designing and customizing the elastic elements and the damping elements in multiple layers, theoretical deduction of the rigidity and the damping of the novel buffer structure is given based on series-parallel theoretical analysis of the elastic elements and the damping elements, and then the novel buffer structure design platform is adopted to design a buffer structure, and the distribution rule of the rigidity and the damping is given, so that the buffer structure is convenient to select.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buffer structure design, and particularly relates to a novel buffer structure based on a bionic principle.
Background
The conventional cushioning structure is mainly a compressible energy absorbing cushioning structure and a hydraulic cushion. The compressible energy absorption buffer structure comprises a crushing tube, foam metal and a plurality of layers of materials, and is widely applied to aerospace buffering. The crushing pipe and the foam metal can generate great compressive strain under the action of constant pressure, so that larger energy generated by impact is absorbed without overlarge stress, and the impact-resistant foam metal has a good buffer effect on impact, but the explosive shock of a initiating explosive device is the harshest mechanical environment experienced by spaceflight equipment, has the characteristics of short time and high magnitude, and the accompanying high-strength stress wave can generate serious impact damage on near-field equipment. Because space in a space device cabin is limited, instruments and devices are more, part of the devices have to be arranged near an impact source, and a shock absorber is mainly used for damping mechanical movement and has limited protection effect on stress waves. The hydraulic buffer mainly takes liquid as a buffer medium for buffering, and hydraulic oil is utilized to consume impact energy through damping Kong Fare. The buffer has the advantages of high buffer efficiency, safety, reliability and long service life, and the stroke of the compressed buffer support column can be regulated by regulating the pressure of fluid, so that the aim of self-repairing the landing posture of the detector is fulfilled. However, sealing and temperature control measures are required, and the mechanical friction of the buffer is also large. Because this type of buffer needs to consider its leakage in a space vacuum high temperature differential environment. The device has large volume, complex structure and large deformation, and is difficult to apply to the limited space inside the spacecraft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the utility model provides a novel buffer structure based on the defect of prior art, provides a novel buffer structure's buffer performance is realized through design and customization wherein multilayer elastic element and damping element to based on the series-parallel theoretical analysis of elastic element and damping element, give novel buffer structure rigidity and damped theoretical derivation, then adopt this novel buffer structure design platform design a buffer structure, and give its rigidity and damped distribution rule, be convenient for buffer structure's selection type.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme: a novel buffering structure based on a bionic principle, comprising: a plurality of rigid plates and a plurality of sandwich layers; wherein two adjacent rigid plates are connected through the sandwich layer; each sandwich layer comprises a plurality of elastic elements and a plurality of adhesive elements; wherein the elastic element provides rigidity and the viscous element provides rigidity and damping.
In the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle, a mechanical behavior theory formula of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
K n ＝K 1n +K 2n +…+K mn
E n ＝E 1n +E 2n +…+E kn
η n ＝η 1n +η 2n +…+η kn
wherein n is the number of sandwich layers; m is the total number of elastic elements in each sandwich layer; k is the total number of adhesive elements in each sandwich; f is an external force applied to the outer surface of the rigid plate; u=u 1 +u 2 +…+u n For the novel buffer structure total displacement, u 1 For the displacement of the first sandwich layer, u 2 For the displacement of the second sandwich layer, u n Is the displacement of the nth sandwich layer; k (K) n The total stiffness of all elastic elements in the nth sandwich layer; k (K) mn Stiffness of the mth elastic element in the nth sandwich layer; e (E) n The total stiffness of all adhesive elements in the nth sandwich layer; k (K) kn Stiffness for the kth adhesive element in the nth sandwich; η (eta) n Total damping for all viscous elements in the nth sandwich layer; η (eta) kn Damping a kth viscous element in an nth sandwich;is a differential operator; k (K) j The total stiffness of all elastic elements in the j-th sandwich layer; k (K) mj Stiffness of the mth elastic element in the jth sandwich layer; e (E) j The total stiffness of all adhesive elements in the jth sandwich; k (K) kj Stiffness of the kth adhesive element in the jth sandwich; η (eta) j Total damping for all viscous elements in the jth sandwich; η (eta) kj Damping the kth viscous element in the jth sandwich, j=1, 2 … … n.
Among the above-mentioned novel buffer structure based on bionical principle, novel buffer structure's rigidity based on bionical principle is:
in the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle, the first-order frequency of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is smaller than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, namely,
wherein f z The first-order frequency of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle; m is the mass of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle; f (f) min Is the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum.
In the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle, the elastic element is composed of a plurality of disc springs.
In the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle, the viscous element is a damping unit.
In the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle, the proportion of the total rigidity of the damping unit to the total rigidity of the elastic element in each sandwich layer is as follows
In the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle, the linear stiffness formula of the disc spring is as follows:
wherein K is d Is the rigidity of a single disc spring; e is the elastic modulus of the disc spring material; mu is poisson ratio of the disc spring material; t is the thickness of the disc spring; h is the conical height of the disc spring; d is the outer diameter of the disc spring.
Among the above-mentioned novel buffer structure based on bionical principle, novel buffer structure's rigidity based on bionical principle is:
wherein d 1 The total number of disc springs for the first sandwich layer; d, d 2 The total number of disc springs for the second sandwich layer; d, d n The total number of disc springs in the nth sandwich layer;stiffness of the disc spring in the first sandwich layer; />Stiffness of the disc spring in the second sandwich layer; />Stiffness of the disc spring in the nth sandwich layer; lambda (lambda) 1 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping unit to the total rigidity of the disc spring in the first sandwich layer; lambda (lambda) 2 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping unit to the total rigidity of the disc spring in the second sandwich layer; lambda (lambda) n Is the ratio of the total rigidity of the nth sandwich layer damping unit to the total rigidity of the disc spring.
In the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle,
wherein c=d/D; c is the ratio of the outer diameter of the disc spring to the inner diameter of the disc spring; d is the outer diameter of the disc spring; d is the inner diameter of the disc spring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a reusable novel buffer structure design platform based on a woodpecker bionic principle, and the rigidity of a buffer structure system is conveniently obtained according to a theoretical formula of a mechanical behavior model of the platform, and a rigidity design criterion of the buffer structure is provided, so that the buffer structure is conveniently designed in series and selected in model. The novel buffer structure form based on the disc spring elastic element is provided, the impact load is selected according to the design criteria, and the calculation result shows that the buffer structure has obvious vibration reduction effect, and the effectiveness of the design criteria of the buffer structure is verified.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel buffer structure design platform theoretical model based on a bionic principle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a novel buffer structure based on the biomimetic principle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the dimensions of a 25BX disc spring;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the law of influence of disc spring thickness on disc spring stiffness;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the law of influence of the cone height of a disc spring on the stiffness of the disc spring;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the law of influence of the outer diameter of a disc spring on the stiffness of the disc spring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the law of influence of the inside diameter of a disc spring on the stiffness of the disc spring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of an impulse response spectrum;
FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a time domain impact load curve;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of acceleration response of the input and output for a buffer system having a mass of 10 kg;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of acceleration response of the input and output for a buffer system having a mass of 100 kg;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing acceleration response at the input and output for a buffer system having a mass of 600 kg.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The embodiment provides a novel buffer structure based on bionic principle, and the structure includes: a plurality of rigid plates and a plurality of sandwich layers; wherein two adjacent rigid plates are connected through the sandwich layer; each sandwich layer comprises a plurality of elastic elements and a plurality of adhesive elements; wherein the elastic element provides rigidity and the viscous element provides rigidity and damping.
A flat plate (rigid plate) with higher rigidity is arranged between the layers for division;
the sandwich layer is formed by a plurality of elastic elements and viscous elements which are distributed between the rigid plates, the elastic elements provide rigidity, and the viscous elements provide rigidity and damping;
the rigid plates and the sandwich layers are staggered, one layer of rigid plates and one layer of sandwich layer;
the mechanical behavior theory formula of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
K n ＝K 1n +K 2n +…+K mn
E n ＝E 1n +E 2n +…+E kn
η n ＝η 1n +η 2n +…+η kn
wherein n is the number of sandwich layers; m is the total number of elastic elements in each sandwich layer; k is the total number of adhesive elements in each sandwich; f is an external force applied to the outer surface of the rigid plate; u=u 1 +u 2 +…+u n For the novel buffer structure total displacement, u 1 For the displacement of the first sandwich layer, u 2 For the displacement of the second sandwich layer, u n Is the displacement of the nth sandwich layer; k (K) n The total stiffness of all elastic elements in the nth sandwich layer; k (K) mn Stiffness of the mth elastic element in the nth sandwich layer; e (E) n The total stiffness of all adhesive elements in the nth sandwich layer; k (K) kn Stiffness for the kth adhesive element in the nth sandwich; η (eta) n Total damping for all viscous elements in the nth sandwich layer; η (eta) kn Damping a kth viscous element in an nth sandwich;is a differential operator; k (K) j The total stiffness of all elastic elements in the j-th sandwich layer; k (K) mj Stiffness of the mth elastic element in the jth sandwich layer; e (E) j The total stiffness of all adhesive elements in the jth sandwich; k (K) kj Stiffness of the kth adhesive element in the jth sandwich; η (eta) j Total damping for all viscous elements in the jth sandwich; η (eta) kj Damping the kth viscous element in the jth sandwich, j=1, 2 … … n.
The theoretical formula is convenient for the mechanical behavior design of the novel buffer structure design platform, and the customized and serialized buffer performance is formed.
The rigidity of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
the theoretical formula is convenient for the rigidity design of the novel buffer structure design platform, provides a rigidity determination method and forms customized and serialized rigidity performance.
The first order frequency of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is smaller than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, namely,
wherein f z The first-order frequency of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle; m is the mass of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle; f (f) min Is the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum.
The novel buffer structure design criterion facilitates the model selection of the novel buffer structure design platform.
The elastic elements in the sandwich layer are a plurality of distributed disc springs, and the viscous elements are filled with damping materials in a certain proportion for each sandwich layer. The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material to the total rigidity of the elastic element in each sandwich layer is specifically as followsThe stiffness and minimum frequency described above are achieved.
The linear stiffness formula of the disc spring is:
C＝D/d
wherein K is d Is the rigidity of a single disc spring; e is the elastic modulus of the disc spring material; mu is a disc springPoisson ratio of the material; t is the thickness of the disc spring; h is the conical height of the disc spring; d is the outer diameter of the disc spring; d is the inner diameter of the disc spring.
The rigidity of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
wherein d is 1 The total number of disc springs for the first sandwich layer; d, d 2 The total number of disc springs for the second sandwich layer; d, d n The total number of disc springs in the nth sandwich layer;stiffness of the first sandwich disc spring; />Stiffness of the second sandwich disc spring;stiffness of the nth sandwich layer disc spring; lambda (lambda) 1 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material of the first sandwich layer to the total rigidity of the disc spring is set; lambda (lambda) 2 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material of the second sandwich layer to the total rigidity of the disc spring; lambda (lambda) n Is the ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material of the nth sandwich layer to the total rigidity of the disc spring.
1. Provides a novel buffer structure design platform based on a bionic principle
This novel buffer structure is shown in fig. 1 and has the following characteristics:
a) A multilayer sandwich structure in the thickness direction;
b) A flat plate (rigid plate) with higher rigidity is arranged between the layers for division;
c) The sandwich layer is formed by a plurality of elastic elements and viscous elements, wherein the elastic elements provide rigidity (shown by dotted lines in the figure), and the viscous elements provide rigidity and damping (shown by solid lines in the figure);
d) The rigid plates and the sandwich layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and one rigid plate and one sandwich layer are arranged.
The novel viscoelastic model of the cushioning structure is formed by combining discrete basic elastic elements and viscous elements in series and parallel. The mechanical behaviour of the elastic element is f=ku, while the mechanical behaviour of the adhesive element isWherein K is the stiffness of the elastic element; e is the stiffness of the adhesive element; η is the damping of the viscous element; u is the displacement of the elastic or viscous element; f is the external force of the elastic or adhesive element. Theoretical derivation is performed according to the series-parallel viscoelastic model,
the mechanical behavior theory formula of the first sandwich layer is that,
K 1 ＝K 11 +K 12 +K 13
E 1 ＝E 11 +E 12
η 1 ＝η 11 +η 12
wherein K is 11 、K 12 、K 13 Stiffness of each elastic element for the first sandwich layer; e (E) 11 、E 12 Stiffness of each adhesive element for the first sandwich layer; η (eta) 11 、η 12 Damping the individual adhesive elements of the first sandwich layer; u (u) 1 F is the displacement and the external force of the first sandwich layer respectively.
The mechanical behavior theory formula of the second sandwich layer is that,
K 2 ＝K 21 +K 22 +K 23
E 2 ＝E 21 +E 22
η 2 ＝η 21 +η 22
wherein K is 21 、K 22 、K 23 Stiffness of each elastic element for the second sandwich layer; e (E) 21 、E 22 Stiffness of each adhesive element for the second sandwich layer; η (eta) 21 、η 22 Damping the individual adhesive elements of the second sandwich layer; u (u) 2 F is the displacement and the external force of the second sandwich layer respectively.
The theoretical formula of the mechanical behavior of the third sandwich layer is that,
K 3 ＝K 31 +K 32 +K 33
E 3 ＝E 31 +E 32
η 3 ＝η 31 +η 32
wherein K is 31 、K 32 、K 33 Stiffness of each elastic element for the third sandwich layer; e (E) 31 、E 32 Stiffness of each adhesive element for the third sandwich layer; η (eta) 31 、η 32 Damping the individual adhesive elements of the third sandwich layer; u (u) 3 F is the displacement and the external force of the third sandwich layer respectively.
The fourth sandwich layer mechanical behavior theory formula is that,
K 4 ＝K 41 +K 42 +K 43
E 4 ＝E 41 +E 42
η 4 ＝η 41 +η 42
wherein K is 41 、K 42 、K 43 Stiffness of each elastic element for the fourth sandwich layer; e (E) 41 、E 42 Stiffness of each adhesive element for the fourth sandwich layer; η (eta) 41 、η 42 Damping the individual adhesive elements of the fourth sandwich layer; u (u) 4 F is the displacement and the external force of the fourth sandwich layer respectively.
Gives a mechanical behavior theoretical formula of the novel buffer structure design platform,
where u=u 1 +u 2 +u 3 +u 4 Is the total displacement of the novel buffer structure,is a differential operator.
The rigidity of the novel buffer structure design platform is
Given the novel design criteria for the stiffness of the cushioning structure, the first order frequency of the cushioning system is less than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, i.e.,
wherein f z Is the first order frequency of the buffer system; m is the mass of the buffer system; f (f) min Is the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum.
2. Novel buffer structure designed according to platform
The novel buffer structure is based on the bionic principle, rigidity and damping are distributed in a vibrating mode in a plane, a multilayer structure is formed in the thickness direction, the novel buffer structure is formed by staggered distribution of a plurality of rigid plates and a plurality of sandwich layers, elastic elements in the sandwich layers are disc springs distributed in a plurality of mode, and viscous elements are used for filling damping materials with a certain proportion for each sandwich layer. For example, the novel buffer structure shown in fig. 2 is composed of seven rigid plates and six sandwich layers, elastic elements in the sandwich layers are 4*4 uniformly distributed disc springs, and viscous elements fill each sandwich layer with a certain proportion of damping materials.
In order to facilitate the design of the disc spring, a linear rigidity formula of the disc spring is provided,
C＝D/d
wherein K is d Is the rigidity of a single disc spring; e is the elastic modulus of the disc spring material; mu is poisson ratio of the disc spring material; t is the thickness of the disc spring; h is the conical height of the disc spring; d is the outer diameter of the disc spring; d is the inner diameter of the disc spring.
For a 25BX type disc spring, the material of the disc spring is 51CrV4, the size is shown in fig. 3, the thickness t of the disc spring, the taper height h of the disc spring, the outer diameter D of the disc spring and the influence rule of the inner diameter D of the disc spring on the rigidity of the disc spring are respectively given, and the rule is shown in fig. 4-7.
On the premise of meeting the rigidity design criterion, the novel buffer structure fills damping materials as much as possible, and the larger the filling ratio of the damping materials is, the larger the rigidity of the buffer system is. The stiffness formula of the novel buffer structure is that,
wherein d is 1 The total number of disc springs for the first sandwich layer; d, d 2 The total number of disc springs for the second sandwich layer; d, d n The total number of disc springs in the nth sandwich layer;stiffness of the first sandwich disc spring; />Is a second sandwich layer disc springIs a stiffness of (2);stiffness of the nth sandwich layer disc spring; lambda (lambda) 1 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material of the first sandwich layer to the total rigidity of the disc spring is set; lambda (lambda) 2 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material of the second sandwich layer to the total rigidity of the disc spring; lambda (lambda) n Is the ratio of the total rigidity of the damping material of the nth sandwich layer to the total rigidity of the disc spring.
For example, for a novel buffer structure with the length of 160mm, the width of 160mm and the height of 12mm, as shown in fig. 2, the dimensions of the disc spring are shown in fig. 3, and the stiffness formulas of one to six sandwich layers filled with damping materials are respectively given.
The stiffness formula of the damping material filled in the first sandwich layer is as follows,
wherein E is c ＝16λK d Filling the sandwich layer with the rigidity of the damping material; lambda is the ratio of the total rigidity of the sandwich layer damping material to the total rigidity of the disc spring.
The rigidity formula of the damping material filled in the first two sandwich layers is as follows,
the rigidity formula of the damping material filled in the front three sandwich layers is as follows,
the rigidity formula of the damping material filled in the first four sandwich layers is as follows,
the stiffness formula of the damping material filled in the five layers of sandwich layers is as follows,
the rigidity formula of the damping material filled in the first six sandwich layers is as follows,
aiming at the condition that the mass of a buffer system is 10kg, the buffer system frequency of one layer of sandwich layer filling damping material is 944Hz, the buffer system frequency of two layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 1043Hz, the buffer system frequency of three layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 1181Hz, the buffer system frequency of four layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 1393Hz, the buffer system frequency of five layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 1787Hz, and the buffer system frequency of six layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 3002Hz.
Aiming at the condition that the mass of a buffer system is 100kg, the frequency of the buffer system of one layer of sandwich layer filled damping material is 299Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of two layers of sandwich layer filled damping material is 330Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of three layers of sandwich layer filled damping material is 373Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of four layers of sandwich layer filled damping material is 441Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of five layers of sandwich layer filled damping material is 565Hz, and the frequency of the buffer system of six layers of sandwich layer filled damping material is 949Hz.
Aiming at the condition that the mass of a buffer system is 600kg, the frequency of the buffer system of one layer of sandwich layer filling damping material is 122Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of two layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 135Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of three layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 152Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of four layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 180Hz, the frequency of the buffer system of five layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 231Hz, and the frequency of the buffer system of six layers of sandwich layer filling damping material is 388Hz.
Given the impact response spectrum and the converted time domain impact load, as shown in fig. 8-9.
For a buffer system mass of 10kg with six sandwich layers filled with damping material, the output end acceleration response presents an amplified state, as shown in fig. 10, because the frequency of the buffer system is 3002Hz, which is greater than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, 1000Hz.
For a mass of 100kg of the six sandwich-filled damping material buffer system, the output acceleration response exhibits a reduced state, as shown in fig. 11, because the frequency of the buffer system is 949Hz, which is less than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, 1000Hz.
For a buffer system mass of 600kg with six sandwich layers filled with damping material, the output end acceleration response presents a significantly reduced state, as shown in fig. 12, because the frequency of the buffer system is 388Hz, which is much less than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, 1000Hz.
The embodiment provides a customized shock isolation mechanism based on the characteristics of vibration change of the rigidity and the damping of the bionic principle, and can design a corresponding buffer structure according to the frequency range of the input load, and the novel buffer structure design technology with customization is the technical problem solved by the patent.
The embodiment provides a novel buffer structure which is resistant to high-energy impact load and can be reused based on a bionic mechanical principle, so that the influence rule of design parameters and the like of an elastic element support on the vibration resistance and energy absorption functions is clarified, the traditional method of realizing vibration resistance and energy absorption by means of material or structural plastic large deformation is broken through, and the novel buffer structure design which is resistant to high-energy impact load and can be reused is the technical problem solved by the patent.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. Novel buffer structure based on bionical principle, its characterized in that includes: a plurality of rigid plates and a plurality of sandwich layers; wherein,
adjacent two rigid plates are connected through the sandwich layer;
each sandwich layer comprises a plurality of elastic elements and a plurality of adhesive elements; wherein the elastic element provides rigidity and the viscous element provides rigidity and damping;
the mechanical behavior theory formula of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
K n ＝K 1n +K 2n +…+K mn
E n ＝E 1n +E 2n +…+E kn
η n ＝η 1n +η 2n +…+η kn
wherein n is the number of sandwich layers; m is the total number of elastic elements in each sandwich layer; k is the total number of adhesive elements in each sandwich; f is an external force applied to the outer surface of the rigid plate; u=u 1 +u 2 +…+u n For the novel buffer structure total displacement, u 1 For the displacement of the first sandwich layer, u 2 For the displacement of the second sandwich layer, u n Is the displacement of the nth sandwich layer; k (K) n The total stiffness of all elastic elements in the nth sandwich layer; k (K) mn Stiffness of the mth elastic element in the nth sandwich layer; e (E) n The total stiffness of all adhesive elements in the nth sandwich layer; k (K) kn Stiffness for the kth adhesive element in the nth sandwich; η (eta) n Total damping for all viscous elements in the nth sandwich layer; η (eta) kn Damping a kth viscous element in an nth sandwich;is a differential operator; k (K) j The total stiffness of all elastic elements in the j-th sandwich layer; k (K) mj Stiffness of the mth elastic element in the jth sandwich layer; e (E) j The total stiffness of all adhesive elements in the jth sandwich; k (K) kj Stiffness of the kth adhesive element in the jth sandwich; η (eta) j Total damping for all viscous elements in the jth sandwich; η (eta) kj Damping the kth viscous element in the jth sandwich, j=1, 2 … … n;
the rigidity of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
the first order frequency of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is smaller than the minimum frequency of the peak load of the load frequency spectrum, namely,
wherein f z The first-order frequency of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle; m is the mass of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle; f (f) min The minimum frequency of peak load of the load frequency spectrum;
the elastic element is composed of a plurality of disc springs;
the viscous element is a damping unit;
the ratio of the total rigidity of the damping units to the total rigidity of the elastic elements in each sandwich layer is
The linear stiffness formula of the disc spring is:
wherein K is d Is the rigidity of a single disc spring; e is the elastic modulus of the disc spring material; mu is poisson ratio of the disc spring material; t is the thickness of the disc spring; h is the conical height of the disc spring; d is the outer diameter of the disc spring.
2. The novel buffering structure based on the bionic principle according to claim 1, wherein: the rigidity of the novel buffer structure based on the bionic principle is as follows:
wherein d 1 The total number of disc springs for the first sandwich layer; d, d 2 The total number of disc springs for the second sandwich layer; d, d n The total number of disc springs in the nth sandwich layer;stiffness of the disc spring in the first sandwich layer; />Stiffness of the disc spring in the second sandwich layer; />Stiffness of the disc spring in the nth sandwich layer; lambda (lambda) 1 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping unit to the total rigidity of the disc spring in the first sandwich layer; lambda (lambda) 2 The ratio of the total rigidity of the damping unit to the total rigidity of the disc spring in the second sandwich layer; lambda (lambda) n Is the ratio of the total rigidity of the nth sandwich layer damping unit to the total rigidity of the disc spring.
3. The novel buffering structure based on the bionic principle according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein c=d/D; c is the ratio of the outer diameter of the disc spring to the inner diameter of the disc spring; d is the outer diameter of the disc spring; d is the inner diameter of the disc spring.
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